Molecular imaging of tumour hypoxia;Imagerie moléculaire de l'hypoxie tumorale

Cancer/Radiotherapie

Volumn 13, Issue 8, 2009, Pages 747-757

  Huchet, A ^a,d   Fernandez, P ^b,d   Allard, M ^b,d   Belkacemi Y ^c,e   Maire, J P ^a,d   Trouette, R ^a   Eimer, S ^b,d   Tourdias, T ^b,d   Loiseau, H ^b,d  

^a HÔPITAL SAINT ANDRÉ   (France)

^b BORDEAUX UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (France)

^c HENRI MONDOR HOSPITAL   (France)

^d UNIVERSITÉ DE BORDEAUX   (France)

^e UNIVERSITÉ PARIS EST CRÉTEIL   (France)

Author keywords

Brain tumors; Head and neck tumors; Hypoxia; Molecular imaging; Tomography by emission of positrons

Indexed keywords

1 FLUORO 3 (2 NITRO 1 IMIDAZOLYL) 2 PROPANOL F 18; FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE F 18; OXYGEN 15; WATER;

BRAIN TUMOR; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; COMPUTER ASSISTED EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; HEAD AND NECK TUMOR; HUMAN; HYPOXIA; ISOTOPE LABELING; MOLECULAR IMAGING; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SHORT SURVEY; TUMOR DIAGNOSIS; VASCULARIZATION;

EID: 73049089502     PISSN: 12783218     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2009.07.038     Document Type: Short Survey

References (169)

1. Aebersold D., Beer K., Laissue J., Hug S., Kollar A., Greiner R., et al. Intratumoral microvessel density predicts local treatment failure of radically irradiated squamous cell cancer of the oropharynx. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 48 (2000) 17-25
2. Airley R., Loncaster J., Raleigh J., Harris A., Davidson S., Hunter R., et al. GLUT-1 and CAIX as intrinsic markers of hypoxia in carcinoma of the cervix: relationship to pimonidazole binding. Int J Cancer 104 (2003) 85-91
3. Alber M., Paulsen F., Eschmann S., and Machulla H. On biologically conformal boost dose optimization. Phys Med Biol 48 (2003) N31-N35
4. Bache M., Reddemann R., Said H., Holzhausen H., Taubert H., Becker A., et al. Immunohistochemical detection of osteopontin in advanced head-and-neck cancer: prognostic role and correlation with oxygen electrode measurements, hypoxia-inducible-factor-1alpha-related markers, and hemoglobin levels. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 66 (2006) 1481-1487
5. 18F-FAZA PET predicts success of hypoxia-directed radiochemotherapy using tirapazamine. J Nucl Med 48 (2007) 973-980
6. Begg A., Janssen H., Sprong D., Hofland I., Blommestijn G., Raleigh J., et al. Hypoxia and perfusion measurements in human tumors--initial experience with pimonidazole and IUdR. Acta Oncol 40 (2001) 924-928
7. Belkacemi Y., Tsoutsou P., Comet B., Kerrou K., and Lartigau E. Évaluation de la radiosensibilité tumorale par l'imagerie fonctionnelle et métabolique : de la recherche à l'application clinique. Rev Lit Cancer Radiother 10 (2006) 124-133
8. 18F]Fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose. Acta Oncol 39 (2000) 629-637
9. 18F-fluoromisonidazole PET and polarographic needle electrodes in human soft tissue tumours. Radiother Oncol 67 (2003) 339-344
10. Bentzen S.M. Theragnostic imaging for radiation oncology: dose-painting by numbers. Lancet Oncol 6 (2005) 112-117
11. Boisserie G. Apport du recalage et/ou de la fusion d'images à la radiothérapie. Cancer Radiother 9 (2005) 204-222
12. Bonniaud G., Isambert A., Dhermain F., Beaudre A., Ferreira I., Ricard M., et al. Recalage d'images en radiothérapie : considérations pratiques et contrôle de qualité. Cancer Radiother 10 (2006) 222-230
13. Brown J.M. Exploiting the hypoxic cancer cell: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Mol Med Today 6 (2000) 157-162
14. 18F-fluoromisonidazole and 15O-H2O. J Nucl Med 45 (2004) 1851-1859
15. Calvin D., Hammond M., Pajak T., Trotti A., Meredith R., Rotman M., et al. Microvessel density > or = 60 does not predict for outcome after radiation treatment for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: results of a correlative study from the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 90-03 Trial. Am J Clin Oncol 30 (2007) 406-419
16. Carnell D., Smith R., Daley F., Saunders M., Bentzen S., and Hoskin P. An immunohistochemical assessment of hypoxia in prostate carcinoma using pimonidazole: implications for radioresistance. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 65 (2006) 91-99
17. Chan N., Milosevic M., and Bristow R. Tumor hypoxia. DNA repair and prostate cancer progression: new targets and new therapies. Future Oncol 3 (2007) 329-341
18. Chao K., Bosch W., Mutic S., Lewis J., Dehdashti F., Mintun M., et al. A novel approach to overcome hypoxic tumor resistance: Cu-ATSM-guided intensity-modulated radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 49 (2001) 1171-1182
19. Chapman J. Measurement of tumor hypoxia by invasive and non-invasive procedures: a review of recent clinical studies. Radiother Oncol 20 (1991) 13-19
20. Chapman J., Baer K., and Lee J. Characteristics of the metabolism-induced binding of misonidazole to hypoxic mammalian cells. Cancer Res 43 (1983) 1523-1528
21. Chapman J., Bradley J., Eary J., Haubner R., Larson S., Michalski J., et al. Molecular (functional) imaging for radiotherapy applications: an RTOG symposium. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 55 (2003) 294-301
22. Chapman J., Schneider R., Urbain J., and Hanks G. Single-photon emission computed tomography and positron-emission tomography assays for tissue oxygenation. Semin Radiat Oncol 11 (2001) 47-57
23. Cheng H., Fu Z., and Wang F. Effect of ionization on the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha and VEGF in hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells under anoxic condition. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 28 (2008) 284-287
24. 18F-FDG PET. J Nucl Med 47 (2006) 1921-1926
25. Cho H., Ackerstaff E., Carlin S., Lupu M., Wang Y., Rizwan A., et al. Noninvasive multimodality imaging of the tumor microenvironment: registered dynamic magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography studies of a preclinical tumor model of tumor hypoxia. Neoplasia 11 (2009) 247-259 [2p following 259]
26. Choi Y., Yi C., Sin J., Ye G., Shin I., and Lee T. Impact of hemoglobin on survival of cervical carcinoma patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy is dependent on lymph node metastasis findings by magnetic resonance imaging. Int J Gynecol Cancer 16 (2006) 1846-1854
27. Cohen E., Rosine D., Haraf D., Loh E., Shen L., Lusinchi A., et al. Phase I trial of tirapazamine, cisplatin, and concurrent accelerated boost reirradiation in patients with recurrent head and neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 67 (2007) 678-684
28. Cooper R., Wilks D., Logue J., Davidson S., Hunter R., Roberts S., et al. High tumor angiogenesis is associated with poorer survival in carcinoma of the cervix treated with radiotherapy. Clin Cancer Res 4 (1998) 2795-2800
29. Craighead P., Pearcey R., and Stuart G. A phase I/II evaluation of tirapazamine administered intravenously concurrent with cisplatin and radiotherapy in women with locally advanced cervical cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 48 (2000) 791-795
30. Cruickshank G., and Rampling R. Does tumour related oedema contribute to the hypoxic fraction of human brain tumours?. Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien) 60 (1994) 378-380
31. Cruickshank G., and Rampling R. Peri-tumoural hypoxia in human brain: peroperative measurement of the tissue oxygen tension around malignant brain tumours. Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien) 60 (1994) 375-377
32. 2 distribution in human malignant brain tumours. Adv Exp Med Biol 345 (1994) 465-470
33. de Crevoisier R., Isambert A., Lisbona A., Bodez V., Marguet M., Lafay F., et al. Radiothérapie guidée par l'image. Cancer Radiother 11 (2007) 296-304
34. Dehdashti F., Grigsby P., Mintun M., Lewis J., Siegel B., and Welch M. Assessing tumor hypoxia in cervical cancer by positron emission tomography with 60Cu-ATSM: relationship to therapeutic response-a preliminary report. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 55 (2003) 1233-1238
35. Dellas K., Bache M., Pigorsch S., Taubert H., Kappler M., Holzapfel D., et al. Prognostic impact of HIF-1alpha expression in patients with definitive radiotherapy for cervical cancer. Strahlenther Onkol 184 (2008) 169-174
36. Denekamp J., and Dasu A. Inducible repair and the two forms of tumour hypoxia-time for a paradigm shift. Acta Oncol 38 (1999) 903-918
37. 2, 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy parameters and treatment outcome in patients with high-grade soft tissue sarcomas treated with thermoradiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 61 (2005) 480-491
38. Dhar D., Kubota H., Kotoh T., Tabara H., Watanabe R., Tachibana M., et al. Tumor vascularity predicts recurrence in differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Am J Surg 176 (1998) 442-447
39. Dhermain F., Ducreux D., Bidault F., Bruna A., Parker F., Roujeau T., et al. Apport des nouvelles techniques d'imagerie à la planification radiothérapique des patients porteurs de glioblastome polymorphe. Bull Cancer 92 (2005) 333-342
40. Dietl B., Marienhagen J., Kuhnel T., Schreyer A., and Kolbl O. The impact of FDG-PET/CT on the management of head and neck tumours: The radiotherapist's perspective. Oral Oncol. (2007)
41. Dische S. Hypoxia and local tumour control, Part 2. Radiother Oncol 20 (1991) 9-11
42. 18F]-EF5, a marker for PET detection of hypoxia: synthesis of precursor and a new fluorination procedure. Appl Radiat Isot 54 (2001) 73-80
43. Dorie M., Kovacs M., Gabalski E., Adam M., Le Q.T., Bloch D.A., et al. DNA damage measured by the comet assay in head and neck cancer patients treated with tirapazamine. Neoplasia 1 (1999) 461-467
44. Driessen A., Landuyt W., Pastorekova S., Moons J., Goethals L., Haustermans K., et al. Expression of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX), a hypoxia-related protein, rather than vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a pro-angiogenic factor, correlates with an extremely poor prognosis in esophageal and gastric adenocarcinomas. Ann Surg 243 (2006) 334-340
45. Dubray B., Breton C., Delic J., Klijanienko J., Maciorowski Z., Vielh P., et al. In vitro radiation-induced apoptosis and early response to low-dose radiotherapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Radiother Oncol 46 (1998) 185-191
46. Eriksen J., and Overgaard J. Lack of prognostic and predictive value of CA IX in radiotherapy of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck with known modifiable hypoxia: an evaluation of the DAHANCA 5 study. Radiother Oncol 83 (2007) 383-388
47. Eschmann S., Paulsen F., Bedeshem C., Machulla H., Hehr T., Bamberg M., et al. Hypoxia-imaging with (18)F-Misonidazole and PET: changes of kinetics during radiotherapy of head-and-neck cancer. Radiother Oncol 83 (2007) 406-410
48. 18F-misonidazole PET in non-small cell lung cancer and head and neck cancer before radiotherapy. J Nucl Med 46 (2005) 253-260
49. Evans S., Hahn S., Magarelli D., Zhang P., Jenkins W., Fraker D., et al. Hypoxia in human intraperitoneal and extremity sarcomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 49 (2001) 587-596
50. Evans S., Judy K., Dunphy I., Jenkins W., Nelson P., Collins R., et al. Comparative measurements of hypoxia in human brain tumors using needle electrodes and EF5 binding. Cancer Res 64 (2004) 1886-1892
51. Fuller C., Choi M., Forthuber B., Wang S., Rajagiriyil N., Salter B., et al. Standard fractionation intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) of primary and recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. Radiat Oncol 2 (2007) 26
52. 18F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography: validated methods for the evaluation of therapy-relevant tumor oxygenation or only bricks in the puzzle of tumor hypoxia?. BMC Cancer 7 (2007) 113
53. 18F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in response evaluation after chemo-/radiotherapy of non-small-cell lung cancer: a feasibility study. BMC Cancer 6 (2006) 51
54. Gagel B., Reinartz P., Dimartino E., Zimny M., Pinkawa M., Maneschi P., et al. pO(2) Polarography versus positron emission tomography ([(18)F] fluoromisonidazole. [(18)F]-2-fluoro-2'-deoxyglucose). An appraisal of radiotherapeutically relevant hypoxia. Strahlenther Onkol 180 (2004) 616-622
55. Gasinska A., Urbanski K., Adamczyk A., Pudelek J., Lind B., and Brahme A. Prognostic significance of intratumour microvessel density and haemoglobin level in carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Acta Oncol 41 (2002) 437-443
56. Giatromanolaki A., Koukourakis M., Kakolyris S., Mavroudis D., Kouroussis C., Mavroudi C., et al. Assessment of highly angiogenic and disseminated in the peripheral blood disease in breast cancer patients predicts for resistance to adjuvant chemotherapy and early relapse. Int J Cancer 108 (2004) 620-627
57. Gillies R., Schornack P., Secomb T., and Raghunand N. Causes and effects of heterogeneous perfusion in tumors. Neoplasia 1 (1999) 197-207
58. Go K., Kamman R., Mooyaart E., Heesters M., Pruim J., Vaalburg W., et al. Localised proton spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging in cerebral gliomas, with comparison to positron emission tomography. Neuroradiology 37 (1995) 198-206
59. Gonzalez Gonzalez D. Hypoxia and local tumour control, Part 1. Radiother Oncol 20 (1991) 5-7
60. Gorska-Chrzastek M., Grzelak P., Bienkiewicz M., Tybor K., Zakrzewska E., Mikolajczak R., et al. Assessment of clinical usefulness of 131I alpha-methyl-tyrosine and fused SPECT/MRI imaging for diagnostics of recurrent cerebral gliomas. Nucl Med Rev Cent East Eur 7 (2004) 135-141
61. Graeber T., Osmanian C., Jacks T., Housman D., Koch C., Lowe S., et al. Hypoxia-mediated selection of cells with diminished apoptotic potential in solid tumours. Nature 379 (1996) 88-91
62. Gray L., Conger A., Ebert M., Hornsey S., and Scott O. The concentration of oxygen dissolved in tissues at the time of irradiation as a factor in radiotherapy. Br J Radiol 26 (1953) 638-648
63. Grigiene R., Aleknavicius E., and Kurtinaitis J. Prognostic value of anemia for patients with cervical cancer treated with irradiation. Medicina (Kaunas) 41 (2005) 916-924
64. 18F]FETNIM: a potential marker for PET. J Nucl Med 42 (2001) 1397-1404
65. Groshar D., McEwan A., Parliament M., Urtasun R., Golberg L., Hoskinson M., et al. Imaging tumor hypoxia and tumor perfusion. J Nucl Med 34 (1993) 885-888
66. Grosu A., Piert M., Weber W., Jeremic B., Picchio M., Schratzenstaller U., et al. Positron emission tomography for radiation treatment planning. Strahlenther Onkol 181 (2005) 483-499
67. Grosu A., Souvatzoglou M., Roper B., Dobritz M., Wiedenmann N., Jacob V., et al. Hypoxia imaging with FAZA-PET and theoretical considerations with regard to dose painting for individualization of radiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 69 (2007) 541-551
68. Haapasalo J., Nordfors K., Hilvo M., Rantala I., Soini Y., Parkkila A., et al. Expression of carbonic anhydrase IX in astrocytic tumors predicts poor prognosis. Clin Cancer Res 12 (2006) 473-477
69. He F., Deng X., Wen B., Liu Y., Sun X., Xing L., et al. Noninvasive molecular imaging of hypoxia in human xenografts: comparing hypoxia-induced gene expression with endogenous and exogenous hypoxia markers. Cancer Res 68 (2008) 8597-8606
70. 2 gradients in solid tumors in vivo: high-resolution measurements reveal a lack of correlation. Nat Med 3 (1997) 177-182
71. Hicks R., Rischin D., Fisher R., Binns D., Scott A., and Peters L. Utility of FMISO PET in advanced head and neck cancer treated with chemoradiation incorporating a hypoxia-targeting chemotherapy agent. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 32 (2005) 1384-1391
72. Hockel M., Vorndran B., Schlenger K., Baussmann E., and Knapstein P. Tumor oxygenation: a new predictive parameter in locally advanced cancer of the uterine cervix. Gynecol Oncol 51 (1993) 141-149
73. Horsman M. Measurement of tumor oxygenation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 42 (1998) 701-704
74. Horsman M., Nordsmark M., and Overgaard J. Techniques to assess the oxygenation of human tumors. State of the art. Strahlenther Onkol 174 (1998) 2-5
75. Ikeda E., Achen M., Breier G., and Risau W. Hypoxia-induced transcriptional activation and increased mRNA stability of vascular endothelial growth factor in C6 glioma cells. J Biol Chem 270 (1995) 19761-19766
76. Isa A., Ward T., West C., Slevin N., and Homer J. Hypoxia in head and neck cancer. Br J Radiol 79 (2006) 791-798
77. Iuchi T., Hatano K., Narita Y., Kodama T., Yamaki T., and Osato K. Hypofractionated high-dose irradiation for the treatment of malignant astrocytomas using simultaneous integrated boost technique by IMRT. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 64 (2006) 1317-1324
78. Janssen H., Haustermans K., Sprong D., Blommestijn G., Hofland I., Hoebers F.J., et al. HIF-1A, pimonidazole, and iododeoxyuridine to estimate hypoxia and perfusion in human head-and-neck tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 54 (2002) 1537-1549
79. Kaanders J.H., Wijffels K.I., Marres H.A., Ljungkvist A.S., Pop L.A., van den Hoogen F.J., et al. Pimonidazole binding and tumor vascularity predict for treatment outcome in head and neck cancer. Cancer Res 62 (2002) 7066-7074
80. Kantor G., Mahe M., Giraud P., Lisbona A., Caron J., and Mazal A. Questions d'actualité : schéma général d'élaboration des protocoles de tomothérapie hélicoïdale pour chaque localisation. Cancer Radiother 10 (2006) 488-491
81. Koh W., Bergman K., Rasey J., Peterson L., Evans M., Graham M., et al. Evaluation of oxygenation status during fractionated radiotherapy in human nonsmall cell lung cancers using [F-18]fluoromisonidazole positron emission tomography. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 33 (1995) 391-398
82. Koh W., Griffin T., Rasey J., and Laramore G. Positron emission tomography. A new tool for characterization of malignant disease and selection of therapy. Acta Oncol 33 (1994) 323-327
83. Koh W., Rasey J., Evans M., Grierson J., Lewellen T., Graham M., et al. Imaging of hypoxia in human tumors with [F-18]fluoromisonidazole. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 22 (1992) 199-212
84. 18F-EF5: a new PET tracer for imaging hypoxia in head and neck cancer. J Nucl Med 49 (2008) 1944-1951
85. Koukourakis M., Bentzen S., Giatromanolaki A., Wilson G., Daley F., Saunders M., et al. Endogenous markers of two separate hypoxia response pathways (hypoxia inducible factor 2 alpha and carbonic anhydrase 9) are associated with radiotherapy failure in head and neck cancer patients recruited in the CHART randomized trial. J Clin Oncol 24 (2006) 727-735
86. Koukourakis M., Giatromanolaki A., Sivridis E., Simopoulos C., Turley H., Talks K., et al. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF1A and HIF2A), angiogenesis, and chemoradiotherapy outcome of squamous cell head-and-neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 53 (2002) 1192-1202
87. Koukourakis M., Giatromanolaki A., Sivridis E., Simopoulos K., Pastorek J., Wykoff C., et al. Hypoxia-regulated carbonic anhydrase-9 (CA9) relates to poor vascularization and resistance of squamous cell head and neck cancer to chemoradiotherapy. Clin Cancer Res 7 (2001) 3399-3403
88. Kugel H., Heindel W., Ernestus R., Bunke J., du Mesnil R., and Friedmann G. Human brain tumors: spectral patterns detected with localized H-1 MR spectroscopy. Radiology 183 (1992) 701-709
89. Laforest R., Dehdashti F., Lewis J., and Schwarz S. Dosimetry of 60/61/62/64Cu-ATSM: a hypoxia imaging agent for PET. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 32 (2005) 764-770
90. Laprie A., Catalaa I., Cassol E., McKnight T., Berchery D., Marre D., et al. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging in newly diagnosed glioblastoma: predictive value for the site of postradiotherapy relapse in a prospective longitudinal study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 70 (2008) 773-781
91. Laprie A., Pirzkall A., Haas-Kogan D., Cha S., Banerjee A., Le T., et al. Longitudinal multivoxel MR spectroscopy study of pediatric diffuse brainstem gliomas treated with radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 62 (2005) 20-31
92. Lauve A., Morris M., Schmidt-Ullrich R., Wu Q., Mohan R., Abayomi O., et al. Simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy for locally advanced head-and-neck squamous cell carcinomas: II--clinical results. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 60 (2004) 374-387
93. 18F-fluoromisonidazole positron emission tomography. BJU Int 96 (2005) 540-546
94. Le Q.T., McCoy J., Williamson S., Ryu J., Gaspar L., Edelman M., et al. Phase I study of tirapazamine plus cisplatin/etoposide and concurrent thoracic radiotherapy in limited-stage small cell lung cancer (S0004): a Southwest Oncology Group study. Clin Cancer Res 10 (2004) 5418-5424
95. Le Q.T., Sutphin P., Raychaudhuri S., Yu S., Terris D., Lin H., et al. Identification of osteopontin as a prognostic plasma marker for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Clin Cancer Res 9 (2003) 59-67
96. Lee S., and Scott A. Hypoxia positron emission tomography imaging with 18f-fluoromisonidazole. Semin Nucl Med 37 (2007) 451-461
97. Lehtio K., Eskola O., Viljanen T., Oikonen V., Gronroos T., Sillanmaki L., et al. Imaging perfusion and hypoxia with PET to predict radiotherapy response in head-and-neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 59 (2004) 971-982
98. 18F]fluoroerythronitroimidazole PET. J Nucl Med 42 (2001) 1643-1652
99. 18F]FETNIM) and PET using the tumour to plasma ratio. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 30 (2003) 101-108
100. Li S., Peck-Radosavljevic M., Kienast O., Preitfellner J., Hamilton G., Kurtaran A., et al. Imaging gastrointestinal tumours using vascular endothelial growth factor-165 (VEGF165) receptor scintigraphy. Ann Oncol 14 (2003) 1274-1277
101. Li X., Vigneron D., Cha S., Graves E., Crawford F., Chang S., et al. Relationship of MR-derived lactate, mobile lipids, and relative blood volume for gliomas in vivo. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 26 (2005) 760-769
102. Linthout N., Verellen D., De Coninck P., Bel A., and Storme G. Radiothérapie conformationnelle : la tomothérapie. Cancer Radiother 4 (2000) 433-442
103. Lovey J., Lukits J., Remenar E., Koronczay K., Kasler M., Nemeth G., et al. Radiation-induced alterations in microvessel density as predictor of treatment efficiency in oropharyngeal cancer. Magy Onkol 49 (2005) 307-313
104. Lovey J., Lukits J., Remenar E., Koronczay K., Kasler M., Nemeth G., et al. Antiangiogenic effects of radiotherapy but not initial microvessel density predict survival in inoperable oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Strahlenther Onkol 182 (2006) 149-156
105. Lutterbach J., and Guttenberger R. Anemia is associated with decreased local control of surgically treated squamous cell carcinomas of the glottic larynx. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 48 (2000) 1345-1350
106. Luurtsema G., de Lange E., Lammertsma A., and Franssen E. Transport across the blood-brain barrier: stereoselectivity and PET-tracers. Mol Imaging Biol 6 (2004) 306-318
107. Mayer A., Hockel M., and Vaupel P. Carbonic anhydrase IX expression and tumor oxygenation status do not correlate at the microregional level in locally advanced cancers of the uterine cervix. Clin Cancer Res 11 (2005) 7220-7225
108. McNally N., Denekamp J., Sheldon P., and Flockhart I. Hypoxic cell sensitization by misonidazole in vivo and in vitro. Br J Radiol 51 (1978) 317-318
109. Milecki P., Kruk-Zagajewska A., and Skowronek J. Prognostic value of low hemoglobin concentration in adjuvant radiotherapy after total laryngectomy in group of patients with laryngeal cancer. Przegl Lek 62 (2005) 1447-1450
110. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose. J Neurooncol 43 (1999) 49-57
111. Nelson S.J., McKnight T.R., and Henry R.G. Characterization of untreated gliomas by magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 12 (2002) 599-613
112. Newbold K., Castellano I., Charles-Edwards E., Mears D., Sohaib A., Leach M., et al. An exploratory study into the role of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging or perfusion computed tomography for detection of intratumoral hypoxia in head-and-neck cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 74 (2009) 29-37
113. Nordsmark M., Loncaster J., Aquino-Parsons C., Chou S., Ladekarl M., Havsteen H., et al. Measurements of hypoxia using pimonidazole and polarographic oxygen-sensitive electrodes in human cervix carcinomas. Radiother Oncol 67 (2003) 35-44
114. Nordsmark M., Overgaard M., and Overgaard J. Pretreatment oxygenation predicts radiation response in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Radiother Oncol 41 (1996) 31-39
115. 2 probe measurement, autoradiography, and fluorescent microscopy in the R3327-AT and FaDu rat tumor models. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 61 (2005) 1493-1502
116. Olive P., Durand R., Le Riche J., Olivotto I., and Jackson S. Gel electrophoresis of individual cells to quantify hypoxic fraction in human breast cancers. Cancer Res 53 (1993) 733-736
117. Olive P., Horsman M., Grau C., and Overgaard J. Detection of hypoxic cells in a C3H mouse mammary carcinoma using the comet assay. Br J Cancer 76 (1997) 694-699
118. Ott R., Brada M., Flower M., Babich J., Cherry S., and Deehan B. Measurements of blood-brain barrier permeability in patients undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy for primary cerebral lymphoma. Eur J Cancer 27 (1991) 1356-1361
119. Overgaard J., Eriksen J., Nordsmark M., Alsner J., and Horsman M. Plasma osteopontin, hypoxia, and response to the hypoxia sensitiser nimorazole in radiotherapy of head and neck cancer: results from the DAHANCA 5 randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 6 (2005) 757-764
120. Parliament M., Chapman J., Urtasun R., McEwan A., Golberg L., Mercer J., et al. Non-invasive assessment of human tumour hypoxia with 123I-iodoazomycin arabinoside: preliminary report of a clinical study. Br J Cancer 65 (1992) 90-95
121. Pastorekova S., Zatovicova M., and Pastorek J. Cancer-associated carbonic anhydrases and their inhibition. Curr Pharm Des 14 (2008) 685-698
122. Pirzkall A., McKnight T., Graves E., Carol M., Sneed P., Wara W., et al. MR-spectroscopy guided target delineation for high-grade gliomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 50 (2001) 915-928
123. Procissi D., Claus F., Burgman P., Koziorowski J., Chapman J., Thakur S., et al. In vivo 19F magnetic resonance spectroscopy and chemical shift imaging of tri-fluoro-nitroimidazole as a potential hypoxia reporter in solid tumors. Clin Cancer Res 13 (2007) 3738-3747
124. Quennet V., Yaromina A., Zips D., Rosner A., Walenta S., Baumann M., et al. Tumor lactate content predicts for response to fractionated irradiation of human squamous cell carcinomas in nude mice. Radiother Oncol 81 (2006) 130-135
125. Rades D., Stoehr M., Kazic N., Hakim S., Walz A., Schild S., et al. Locally Advanced Stage IV Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Impact of Pre-Radiotherapy Hemoglobin Level and Interruptions During Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys (2007)
126. Rajendran J., Hendrickson K., Spence A., Muzi M., Krohn K., and Mankoff D. Hypoxia imaging-directed radiation treatment planning. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 33 (2006) 44-53
127. 18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging. Clin Cancer Res 10 (2004) 2245-2252
128. Rajendran J., Schwartz D., O'Sullivan J., Peterson L., Ng P., Scharnhorst J., et al. Tumor hypoxia imaging with [F-18] fluoromisonidazole positron emission tomography in head and neck cancer. Clin Cancer Res 12 (2006) 5435-5441
129. 2 distribution and bioreductive enzymes in human malignant brain tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 29 (1994) 427-431
130. 18F]fluoromisonidazole: a pretherapy study of 37 patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 36 (1996) 417-428
131. Riedel F., Gotte K., Schwalb J., Wirtz H., Bergler W., and Hormann K. Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with head and neck cancer. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 257 (2000) 332-336
132. 18F]-misonidazole positron emission tomography-detected tumor hypoxia in patients with advanced head and neck cancer randomly assigned to chemoradiation with or without tirapazamine: a substudy of Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group Study 98, 02. J Clin Oncol 24 (2006) 2098-2104
133. Rischin D., Peters L., Hicks R., Hughes P., Fisher R., Hart R., et al. Phase I trial of concurrent tirapazamine, cisplatin, and radiotherapy in patients with advanced head and neck cancer. J Clin Oncol 19 (2001) 535-542
134. Rowell N., McCready V., Tait D., Flower M., Cronin B., Adams G., et al. Technetium-99m HMPAO and SPECT in the assessment of blood flow in human lung tumours. Br J Cancer 59 (1989) 135-141
135. Russell J., Carlin S., Burke S.A., Wen B., Yang K., and Ling C. Immunohistochemical detection of changes in tumor hypoxia. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 73 (2009) 1177-1186
136. Serganova I., Doubrovin M., Vider J., Ponomarev V., Soghomonyan S., Beresten T., et al. Molecular imaging of temporal dynamics and spatial heterogeneity of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 signal transduction activity in tumors in living mice. Cancer Res 64 (2004) 6101-6108
137. 2 measurements in murine tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 62 (2005) 854-861
138. 18FMISO): a comparative study of their selective uptake in hypoxic cells and PET imaging in experimental rat tumors. Nucl Med Biol 30 (2003) 317-326
139. Souvatzoglou M., Grosu A., Roper B., Krause B., Beck R., Reischl G., et al. Tumour hypoxia imaging with [(18)F]FAZA PET in head and neck cancer patients: a pilot study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 34 (2007) 1566-1575
140. 18F]fluoromisonidazole positron emission tomography before radiotherapy: correlation with time to progression and survival. Clin Cancer Res 14 (2008) 2623-2630
141. Tannock I. Oxygen diffusion and the distribution of cellular radiosensitivity in tumours. Br J Radiol 45 (1972) 515-524
142. Tannock I., Marshall N., and van Putten L. An attempt at selective chemotherapy of hypoxic cells: triethylenemelamine and irradiation of a C3H mouse mammary tumour. Eur J Cancer 8 (1972) 501-507
143. Teknos T., Cox C., Barrios M., Chepeha D., Bradford C., Fisher S., et al. Tumor angiogenesis as a predictive marker for organ preservation in patients with advanced laryngeal carcinoma. Laryngoscope 112 (2002) 844-851
144. Thomlinson R., Dische S., Gray A., and Errington L. Clinical testing of the radiosensitiser Ro-07-0582. III. Response of tumours. Clin Radiol 27 (1976) 167-174
145. Thomlinson R., and Gray L. The histological structure of some human lung cancers and the possible implications for radiotherapy. Br J Cancer 9 (1955) 539-549
146. 18F]FMISO correlates with radiation therapy outcome in head-and-neck cancer patients. Radiother Oncol 80 (2006) 151-156
147. 18F]-Fmiso PET data to analyse tumour hypoxia. Phys Med Biol 50 (2005) 2209-2224
148. Thorwarth D., Eschmann S., Paulsen F., and Alber M. Hypoxia dose painting by numbers: a planning study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 68 (2007) 291-300
149. 18F-fluoromisonidazole positron emission tomography investigations. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 68 (2007) 515-521
150. 18F-fluoromisonidazole PET correlates with radiation treatment outcome in head-and-neck cancer. BMC Cancer 5 (2005) 152
151. 18F]fluoromisonidazole (FMISO). Nucl Med Biol 29 (2002) 191-197
152. 18F-Fluoroerythronitroimidazole radiation dosimetry in cancer studies. J Nucl Med 43 (2002) 1674-1680
153. 18F]FMISO autoradiography with pimonidazole immunohistochemistry in human xenograft tumors. Radiother Oncol 80 (2006) 157-164
154. Urtasun R., Parliament M., McEwan A., Mercer J., Mannan R., Wiebe L., et al. Measurement of hypoxia in human tumours by non-invasive spect imaging of iodoazomycin arabinoside. Br J Cancer Suppl 27 (1996) S209-S212
155. Vajkoczy P., and Menger M. Vascular microenvironment in gliomas. J Neurooncol 50 (2000) 99-108
156. Valk P., Mathis C., Prados M., Gilbert J., and Budinger T. Hypoxia in human gliomas: demonstration by PET with fluorine-18-fluoromisonidazole. J Nucl Med 33 (1992) 2133-2137
157. van Vulpen M., Kal H., Taphoorn M., and El-Sharouni S. Changes in blood-brain barrier permeability induced by radiotherapy: implications for timing of chemotherapy? (Review). Oncol Rep 9 (2002) 683-688
158. Vaupel P., Kallinowski F., and Okunieff P. Blood flow, oxygen and nutrient supply, and metabolic microenvironment of human tumors: a review. Cancer Res 49 (1989) 6449-6465
159. Vordermark D., and Brown J. Evaluation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) as an intrinsic marker of tumor hypoxia in U87 MG human glioblastoma: in vitro and xenograft studies. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 56 (2003) 1184-1193
160. Voynov G., Kaufman S., Hong T., Pinkerton A., Simon R., and Dowsett R. Treatment of recurrent malignant gliomas with stereotactic intensity modulated radiation therapy. Am J Clin Oncol 25 (2002) 606-611
161. Wang Z., Wang H., and Lin M. Study on tumor angiogenesis in epithelial ovarian carcinoma. J Tongji Med Univ 20 (2000) 172-174
162. Waterhouse R. Determination of lipophilicity and its use as a predictor of blood-brain barrier penetration of molecular imaging agents. Mol Imaging Biol 5 (2003) 376-389
163. Wong T., Whitmore G., and Gulyas S. Studies on the toxicity and radiosensitizing ability of misonidazole under conditions of prolonged incubation. Radiat Res 75 (1978) 541-555
164. Yeh S., Liu R., Wu L., Yang D., Yen S., Chang C., et al. Fluorine-18 fluoromisonidazole tumour to muscle retention ratio for the detection of hypoxia in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Eur J Nucl Med 23 (1996) 1378-1383
165. Yetkin F., and Mendelsohn D. Hypoxia imaging in brain tumors. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 12 (2002) 537-552
166. Zagzag D., Friedlander D., Margolis B., Grumet M., Semenza G., Zhong H., et al. Molecular events implicated in brain tumor angiogenesis and invasion. Pediatr Neurosurg 33 (2000) 49-55
167. Zagzag D., Zhong H., Scalzitti J., Laughner E., Simons J., and Semenza G. Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha in brain tumors: association with angiogenesis, invasion, and progression. Cancer 88 (2000) 2606-2618
168. Zhong H., De Marzo A., Laughner E., Lim M., Hilton D., Zagzag D., et al. Overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha in common human cancers and their metastases. Cancer Res 59 (1999) 5830-5835
169. Zimny M., Gagel B., Dimartino E., Hamacher K., Coenen H., Westhofen M., et al. FDG-a marker of tumour hypoxia? A comparison with [(18)F]fluoromisonidazole and pO (2)-polarography in metastatic head and neck cancer. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 33 (2006) 1426-1431