Dynamic regulation of RNA editing of ion channels and receptors in the mammalian nervous system

Molecular Brain

Volumn 2, Issue 1, 2009, Pages

  Tan, Bao Zhen ^a   Huang, Hua ^a   Lam, Runyi ^a   Soong, Tuck Wah ^a,b,c  

^a NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE   (Singapore)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c NATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE INSTITUTE   (Singapore)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID A RECEPTOR; ADENOSINE; ADENOSINE DEAMINASE; ADENOSINE DEAMINASE ACTING ON RNA 1; ADENOSINE DEAMINASE ACTING ON RNA 2; ADENOSINE DEAMINASE ACTING ON RNA 3; GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR; GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR 5; GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR 6; GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR BETA SUBUNIT; GLUTAMIC ACID; INOSINE; ION CHANNEL; MESSENGER RNA; NEUROTRANSMITTER RECEPTOR; POTASSIUM CHANNEL KV1.1; RNA; SEROTONIN 2C RECEPTOR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; CELL SURFACE RECEPTOR;

ALTERNATIVE RNA SPLICING; AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS; CELLULAR DISTRIBUTION; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; CONFORMATIONAL TRANSITION; EPILEPSY; HUMAN; MAMMALIAN GENETICS; NEOPLASM; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN MODIFICATION; PROTEIN PROTEIN INTERACTION; REVIEW; RNA EDITING; SCHIZOPHRENIA; ANIMAL; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENETICS; MAMMAL; METABOLISM; NERVOUS SYSTEM;

MAMMALIA;

ANIMALS; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL; HUMANS; ION CHANNELS; MAMMALS; NERVOUS SYSTEM; RECEPTORS, CELL SURFACE; RNA EDITING;

EID: 67949118800     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17566606     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1756-6606-2-13     Document Type: Review

References (70)

1. RNA editing by adenosine deaminases that act on RNA. BL Bass, Annu Rev Biochem 2002 71 817 846 12045112 10.1146/annurev.biochem.71.110601.135501
2. The many roles of an RNA editor. LP Keegan A Gallo MA O'Connell, Nat Rev Genet 2001 2 869 878 10.1038/35098584 11715042
3. RED2, a brain-specific member of the RNA-specific adenosine deaminase family. T Melcher S Maas A Herb R Sprengel M Higuchi PH Seeburg, J Biol Chem 1996 271 31795 31798 10.1074/jbc.271.21.12221 8943218
4. RNA editing in brain controls a determinant of ion flow in glutamate-gated channels. B Sommer M Kohler R Sprengel PH Seeburg, Cell 1991 67 11 19 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90568-J 1717158
5. Genetic manipulation of key determinants of ion flow in glutamate receptor channels in the mouse. PH Seeburg F Single T Kuner M Higuchi R Sprengel, Brain Res 2001 907 233 243 10.1016/S0006-8993(01)02445-3 11430906
6. Ca2+ permeability of unedited and edited versions of the kainate selective glutamate receptor GluR6. J Egebjerg SF Heinemann, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993 90 755 759 7678465 10.1073/pnas.90.2.755
7. Determinants of Ca2+ permeability in both TM1 and TM2 of high affinity kainate receptor channels: diversity by RNA editing. M Kohler N Burnashev B Sakmann PH Seeburg, Neuron 1993 10 491 500 10.1016/0896-6273(93)90336-P 7681676
8. Control of kinetic properties of AMPA receptor channels by nuclear RNA editing. H Lomeli J Mosbacher T Melcher T Hoger JR Geiger T Kuner H Monyer M Higuchi A Bach PH Seeburg, Science 1994 266 1709 1713 10.1126/science.7992055 7992055
9. RNA editing at arg607 controls AMPA receptor exit from the endoplasmic reticulum. IH Greger L Khatri EB Ziff, Neuron 2002 34 759 772 10.1016/S0896-6273(02)00693-1 12062022
10. AMPA receptor tetramerization is mediated by Q/R editing. IH Greger L Khatri X Kong EB Ziff, Neuron 2003 40 763 774 10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00668-8 14622580
11. Amino acid substitutions in the pore helix of GluR6 control inhibition by membrane fatty acids. TJ Wilding E Fulling Y Zhou JE Huettner, J Gen Physiol 2008 132 85 99 18562501 10.1085/jgp.200810009
12. Early-onset epilepsy and postnatal lethality associated with an editing-deficient GluR-B allele in mice. R Brusa F Zimmermann DS Koh D Feldmeyer P Gass PH Seeburg R Sprengel, Science 1995 270 1677 1680 10.1126/science.270. 5242.1677 7502080
13. Control of human potassium channel inactivation by editing of a small mRNA hairpin. T Bhalla JJ Rosenthal M Holmgren R Reenan, Nat Struct Mol Biol 2004 11 950 956 10.1038/nsmb825 15361858
14. Requirement of dimerization for RNA editing activity of adenosine deaminases acting on RNA. DS Cho W Yang JT Lee R Shiekhattar JM Murray K Nishikura, J Biol Chem 2003 278 17093 17102 10.1074/jbc.M213127200 12618436
15. RNA editing of a human potassium channel modifies its inactivation. F Bezanilla, Nat Struct Mol Biol 2004 11 915 916 10.1038/nsmb1004-915 15452561
16. Editing modifies the GABA(A) receptor subunit alpha3. J Ohlson JS Pedersen D Haussler M Ohman, RNA 2007 13 698 703 17369310 10.1261/rna.349107
17. Developmental modulation of GABA(A) receptor function by RNA editing. EY Rula AH Lagrange MM Jacobs N Hu RL Macdonald RB Emeson, J Neurosci 2008 28 6196 6201 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0443-08.2008 18550761
18. The diversity of GABAA receptors. Pharmacological and electrophysiological properties of GABAA channel subtypes. W Hevers H Luddens, Mol Neurobiol 1998 18 35 86 10.1007/BF02741459 9824848
19. GABA: a pioneer transmitter that excites immature neurons and generates primitive oscillations. Y Ben-Ari JL Gaiarsa R Tyzio R Khazipov, Physiol Rev 2007 87 1215 1284 10.1152/physrev.00017.2006 17928584
20. Regulation of serotonin-2C receptor G-protein coupling by RNA editing. CM Burns H Chu SM Rueter LK Hutchinson H Canton E Sanders-Bush RB Emeson, Nature 1997 387 303 308 10.1038/387303a0 9153397
21. RNA editing of the human serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor silences constitutive activity. CM Niswender SC Copeland K Herrick-Davis RB Emeson E Sanders-Bush, J Biol Chem 1999 274 9472 9478 10.1074/jbc.274.14.9472 10092629
22. Domains involved in the specificity of G protein activation in phospholipase C-coupled metabotropic glutamate receptors. JP Pin C Joly SF Heinemann J Bockaert, EMBO J 1994 13 342 348 8313879
23. Double-stranded RNA unwinding and modifying activity is detected ubiquitously in primary tissues and cell lines. RW Wagner C Yoo L Wrabetz J Kamholz J Buchhalter NF Hassan K Khalili SU Kim B Perussia FA McMorris, Mol Cell Biol 1990 10 5586 5590 2398905
24. RNA editing of AMPA receptor subunit GluR-B: a base-paired intron-exon structure determines position and efficiency. M Higuchi FN Single M Kohler B Sommer R Sprengel PH Seeburg, Cell 1993 75 1361 1370 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90622- W 8269514
25. RNA recognition: a family matter? IW Mattaj, Cell 1993 73 837 840 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90265-R 8500177
26. Evidence for auto-inhibition by the N terminus of hADAR2 and activation by dsRNA binding. MR Macbeth AT Lingam BL Bass, RNA 2004 10 1563 1571 15383678 10.1261/rna.7920904
27. Structure and specific RNA binding of ADAR2 double-stranded RNA binding motifs. R Stefl M Xu L Skrisovska RB Emeson FH Allain, Structure 2006 14 345 355 10.1016/j.str.2005.11.013 16472753
28. Substrate recognition by ADAR1 and ADAR2. SK Wong S Sato DW Lazinski, RNA 2001 7 846 858 11421361 10.1017/S135583820101007X
29. Inositol hexakisphosphate is bound in the ADAR2 core and required for RNA editing. MR Macbeth HL Schubert AP Vandemark AT Lingam CP Hill BL Bass, Science 2005 309 1534 1539 16141067 10.1126/science.1113150
30. Regulation of alternative splicing by RNA editing. SM Rueter TR Dawson RB Emeson, Nature 1999 399 75 80 10.1038/19992 10331393
31. Structure and sequence determinants required for the RNA editing of ADAR2 substrates. TR Dawson CL Sansam RB Emeson, J Biol Chem 2004 279 4941 4951 10.1074/jbc.M310068200 14660658
32. Phylogenetic comparison of the pre-mRNA adenosine deaminase ADAR2 genes and transcripts: conservation and diversity in editing site sequence and alternative splicing patterns. D Slavov K Gardiner, Gene 2002 299 83 94 10.1016/S0378-1119(02)01016-8 12459255
33. Editing of glutamate receptor B subunit ion channel RNAs by four alternatively spliced DRADA2 double-stranded RNA adenosine deaminases. F Lai CX Chen KC Carter K Nishikura, Mol Cell Biol 1997 17 2413 2424 9111310
34. Novel exon of mammalian ADAR2 extends open reading frame. S Maas WM Gommans, PLoS ONE 2009 4 e4225 19156214 10.1371/journal.pone.0004225
35. Novel splice variants of human ADAR2 mRNA: skipping of the exon encoding the dsRNA-binding domains, and multiple C-terminal splice sites. Y Kawahara K Ito M Ito S Tsuji S Kwak, Gene 2005 363 193 201 10.1016/j.gene.2005.07.028 16297572
36. Two forms of human double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1 (hRED1) generated by the insertion of an Alu cassette. A Gerber MA O'Connell W Keller, Rna 1997 3 453 463 9149227
37. Down-regulation of RNA editing in pediatric astrocytomas: ADAR2 editing activity inhibits cell migration and proliferation. C Cenci R Barzotti F Galeano S Corbelli R Rota L Massimi C Di Rocco MA O'Connell A Gallo, J Biol Chem 2008 283 7251 7260 10.1074/jbc.M708316200 18178553
38. An ADAR that edits transcripts encoding ion channel subunits functions as a dimer. A Gallo LP Keegan GM Ring MA O'Connell, Embo J 2003 22 3421 3430 12840004 10.1093/emboj/cdg327
39. A third member of the RNA-specific adenosine deaminase gene family, ADAR3, contains both single- and double-stranded RNA binding domains. CX Chen DS Cho Q Wang F Lai KC Carter K Nishikura, Rna 2000 6 755 767 10836796 10.1017/S1355838200000170
40. The human but not the Xenopus RNA-editing enzyme ADAR1 has an atypical nuclear localization signal and displays the characteristics of a shuttling protein. CR Eckmann A Neunteufl L Pfaffstetter MF Jantsch, Mol Biol Cell 2001 12 1911 1924 11451992
41. Dynamic association of RNA-editing enzymes with the nucleolus. JM Desterro LP Keegan M Lafarga MT Berciano M O'Connell M Carmo-Fonseca, J Cell Sci 2003 116 1805 1818 10.1242/jcs.00371 12665561
42. Modulation of RNA editing by functional nucleolar sequestration of ADAR2. CL Sansam KS Wells RB Emeson, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003 100 14018 14023 14612560 10.1073/pnas.2336131100
43. Point mutation in an AMPA receptor gene rescues lethality in mice deficient in the RNA-editing enzyme ADAR2. M Higuchi S Maas FN Single J Hartner A Rozov N Burnashev D Feldmeyer R Sprengel PH Seeburg, Nature 2000 406 78 81 10.1038/35017558 10894545
44. Liver disintegration in the mouse embryo caused by deficiency in the RNA-editing enzyme ADAR1. JC Hartner C Schmittwolf A Kispert AM Muller M Higuchi PH Seeburg, J Biol Chem 2004 279 4894 4902 10.1074/jbc.M311347200 14615479
45. Developmental changes in expression and self-editing of adenosine deaminase type 2 pre-mRNA and mRNA in rat brain and cultured cortical neurons. PN Hang M Tohda K Matsumoto, Neurosci Res 2008 61 398 403 10.1016/j.neures.2008. 04.007 18534702
46. Calcium-permeable AMPA receptors containing Q/R-unedited GluR2 direct human neural progenitor cell differentiation to neurons. NP Whitney H Peng NB Erdmann C Tian DT Monaghan JC Zheng, FASEB J 2008 22 2888 2900 10.1096/fj.07-104661 18403631
47. Patterns of developmental expression of the RNA editing enzyme rADAR2. MC Paupard MA O'Connell AP Gerber RS Zukin, Neuroscience 2000 95 869 879 10.1016/S0306-4522(99)00431-5 10670454
48. Serotonin-2C receptor pre-mRNA editing in rat brain and in vitro by splice site variants of the interferon-inducible double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase ADAR1. Y Liu RB Emeson CE Samuel, J Biol Chem 1999 274 18351 18358 10.1074/jbc.274.26.18351 10373439
49. RNA helicase participates in the editing game. PH Seeburg, Neuron 2000 25 261 263 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80891-0 10719882
50. The mle(napts) RNA helicase mutation in drosophila results in a splicing catastrophe of the para Na+ channel transcript in a region of RNA editing. RA Reenan CJ Hanrahan B Ganetzky, Neuron 2000 25 139 149 10.1016/S0896-6273(00) 80878-8 10707979
51. ADAR2-mediated editing of RNA substrates in the nucleolus is inhibited by C/D small nucleolar RNAs. P Vitali E Basyuk E Le Meur E Bertrand F Muscatelli J Cavaille A Huttenhofer, J Cell Biol 2005 169 745 753 15939761 10.1083/jcb.200411129
52. RNA editing of the serotonin 5HT2C receptor and its effects on cell signalling, pharmacology and brain function. TD Werry R Loiacono PM Sexton A Christopoulos, Pharmacol Ther 2008 119 7 23 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.03.012 18554725
53. RNA editing by ADAR2 is metabolically regulated in pancreatic islets and beta-cells. Z Gan L Zhao L Yang P Huang F Zhao W Li Y Liu, J Biol Chem 2006 281 33386 33394 10.1074/jbc.M604484200 16956888
54. ADAR2-dependent RNA editing of AMPA receptor subunit GluR2 determines vulnerability of neurons in forebrain ischemia. PL Peng X Zhong W Tu MM Soundarapandian P Molner D Zhu L Lau S Liu F Liu Y Lu, Neuron 2006 49 719 733 10.1016/j.neuron.2006.01.025 16504947
55. Altered editing of serotonin 2C receptor pre-mRNA in the prefrontal cortex of depressed suicide victims. I Gurevich H Tamir V Arango AJ Dwork JJ Mann C Schmauss, Neuron 2002 34 349 356 10.1016/S0896-6273(02)00660-8 11988167
56. A-to-I RNA editing and cancer: from pathology to basic science. A Gallo S Galardi, RNA Biol 2008 5 135 139 18758244
57. Underediting of glutamate receptor GluR-B mRNA in malignant gliomas. S Maas S Patt M Schrey A Rich, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001 98 14687 14692 11717408 10.1073/pnas.251531398
58. Blockage of Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA receptors suppresses migration and induces apoptosis in human glioblastoma cells. S Ishiuchi K Tsuzuki Y Yoshida N Yamada N Hagimura H Okado A Miwa H Kurihara Y Nakazato M Tamura T Sasaki S Ozawa, Nat Med 2002 8 971 978 10.1038/nm746 12172541
59. Altered adenosine-to-inosine RNA editing in human cancer. N Paz EY Levanon N Amariglio AB Heimberger Z Ram S Constantini ZS Barbash K Adamsky M Safran A Hirschberg M Krupsky I Ben-Dov S Cazacu T Mikkelsen C Brodie E Eisenberg G Rechavi, Genome Res 2007 17 1586 1595 17908822 10.1101/gr.6493107
60. Ion channels and cancer. K Kunzelmann, J Membr Biol 2005 205 159 173 10.1007/s00232-005-0781-4 16362504
61. Neurological dysfunctions in mice expressing different levels of the Q/R site-unedited AMPAR subunit GluR-B. D Feldmeyer K Kask R Brusa HC Kornau R Kolhekar A Rozov N Burnashev V Jensen O Hvalby R Sprengel PH Seeburg, Nat Neurosci 1999 2 57 64 10.1038/16026 10195181
62. A genetic switch for epilepsy in adult mice. HE Krestel DR Shimshek V Jensen T Nevian J Kim Y Geng T Bast A Depaulis K Schonig F Schwenk H Bujard O Hvalby R Sprengel PH Seeburg, J Neurosci 2004 24 10568 10578 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4579-03.2004 15548671
63. Deficient RNA editing of GluR2 and neuronal death in amyotropic lateral sclerosis. S Kwak Y Kawahara, J Mol Med 2005 83 110 120 10.1007/s00109-004-0599- z 15624111
64. Late-onset motoneuron disease caused by a functionally modified AMPA receptor subunit. R Kuner AJ Groom I Bresink HC Kornau V Stefovska G Muller B Hartmann K Tschauner S Waibel AC Ludolph C Ikonomidou PH Seeburg L Turski, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005 102 5826 5831 15827116 10.1073/pnas.0501316102
65. SB 242084 a selective and brain penetrant 5-HT2C receptor antagonist. GA Kennett MD Wood F Bright B Trail G Riley V Holland KY Avenell T Stean N Upton S Bromidge IT Forbes AM Brown DN Middlemiss TP Blackburn, Neuropharmacology 1997 36 4-5 609 620 9225286 10.1016/S0028-3908(97)00038-5
66. 5-HT2C receptor agonists: pharmacological characteristics and therapeutic potential. JR Martin M Bos F Jenck J Moreau V Mutel AJ Sleight J Wichmann JS Andrews HH Berendsen CL Broekkamp GS Ruigt C Köhler AM Delft, J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1998 286 913 924 9694950
67. RNA editing of serotonin 2C receptor in human postmortem brains of major mental disorders. K Iwamoto T Kato, Neurosci Lett 2003 346 169 172 10.1016/S0304-3940(03)00608-6 12853111
68. RNA editing and alternative splicing of human serotonin 2C receptor in schizophrenia. S Dracheva SL Elhakem SM Marcus LJ Siever SR McGurk V Haroutunian, J Neurochem 2003 87 1402 1412 14713296
69. RNA editing of the 5-HT(2C) receptor is reduced in schizophrenia. MS Sodhi PW Burnet AJ Makoff RW Kerwin PJ Harrison, Mol Psychiatry 2001 6 373 379 10.1038/sj.mp.4000920 11443520
70. How stress and fluoxetine modulate serotonin 2C receptor pre-mRNA editing. MT Englander SC Dulawa P Bhansali C Schmauss, J Neurosci 2005 25 648 651 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3895-04.2005 15659601