Vitamin E and Mast Cells

Vitamins and Hormones

Volumn 76, Issue , 2007, Pages 393-418

  Zingg, Jean Marc ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BERN   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ANTIOXIDANT;

ANIMAL; CHEMISTRY; DRUG EFFECT; HUMAN; IMMUNOLOGY; MAST CELL; METABOLISM; REVIEW;

ANIMALS; ANTIOXIDANTS; HUMANS; MAST CELLS; VITAMIN E;

EID: 34347381907     PISSN: 00836729     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/S0083-6729(07)76015-6     Document Type: Review

References (151)

1. Andjelkovic M., Jakubowicz T., Cron P., Ming X.F., Han J.W., and Hemmings B.A. Activation and phosphorylation of a pleckstrin homology domain containing protein kinase (RAC-PK/PKB) promoted by serum and protein phosphatase inhibitors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93 (1996) 5699-5704
2. Arita M., Sato Y., Miyata A., Tanabe T., Takahashi E., Kayden H.J., Arai H., and Inoue K. Human alpha-tocopherol transfer protein: cDNA cloning, expression and chromosomal localization. Biochem. J. 306 (1995) 437-443
3. Azzi A., Gysin R., Kempna P., Ricciarelli R., Villacorta L., Visarius T., and Zingg J.M. Regulation of gene and protein expression by vitamin E. Free Radic. Res. 36 (2002) 30-35
4. Azzi A., Ricciarelli R., and Zingg J.M. Non-antioxidant molecular functions of alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E). FEBS Lett. 519 (2002) 8-10
5. Azzi A., Gysin R., Kempna P., Munteanu A., Negis Y., Villacorta L., Visarius T., and Zingg J.M. Vitamin E mediates cell signaling and regulation of gene expression. Ann. N Y Acad. Sci. 1031 (2004) 86-95
6. Bando N., Yamanishi R., and Terao J. Inhibition of immunoglobulin E production in allergic model mice by supplementation with vitamin E and beta-carotene. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 67 (2003) 2176-2182
7. Benoist C., and Mathis D. Mast cells in autoimmune disease. Nature 420 (2002) 875-878
8. Bochner B.S., and Busse W.W. Allergy and asthma. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 115 (2005) 953-959
9. Brigelius-Flohe R. Induction of drug metabolizing enzymes by vitamin E. J. Plant Physiol. 162 (2005) 797-802
10. Brigelius-Flohe R., Kelly F.J., Salonen J.T., Neuzil J., Zingg J.M., and Azzi A. The European perspective on vitamin E: Current knowledge and future research. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 76 (2002) 703-716
11. Cachia O., Benna J.E., Pedruzzi E., Descomps B., Gougerot-Pocidalo M.A., and Leger C.L. Alpha-tocopherol inhibits the respiratory burst in human monocytes. Attenuation of p47(phox) membrane translocation and phosphorylation. J. Biol. Chem. 273 (1998) 32801-32805
12. Campbell S.E., Stone W.L., Whaley S.G., Qui M., and Krishnan K. Gamma (γ) tocopherol upregulates peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) gamma (γ) expression in SW 480 human colon cancer cell lines. BMC Cancer 3 15 (2003) 1-13
13. Caras I.W., Friedlander E.J., and Bloch K. Interactions of supernatant protein factor with components of the microsomal squalene epoxidase system. Binding of supernatant protein factor to anionic phospholipids. J. Biol. Chem. 255 (1980) 3575-3580
14. Centanni S., Santus P., Di Marco F., Fumagalli F., Zarini S., and Sala A. The potential role of tocopherol in asthma and allergies: Modification of the leukotriene pathway. BioDrugs 15 (2001) 81-86
15. Chan S.S., Monteiro H.P., Schindler F., Stern A., and Junqueira V.B. Alpha-tocopherol modulates tyrosine phosphorylation in human neutrophils by inhibition of protein kinase C activity and activation of tyrosine phosphatases. Free Radic. Res. 35 (2001) 843-856
16. Ch'ng S., Wallis R.A., Yuan L., Davis P.F., and Tan S.T. Mast cells and cutaneous malignancies. Mod. Pathol. 19 (2006) 149-159
17. Chow C.K. Vitamin E regulation of mitochondrial superoxide generation. Biol. Signals Recept. 10 (2001) 112-124
18. Clejan S., Japa S., Clemetson C., Hasabnis S.S., David O., and Talano J.V. Blood histamine is associated with coronary artery disease, cardiac events and severity of inflammation and atherosclerosis. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 6 (2002) 583-592
19. Coulter I.D., Hardy M.L., Morton S.C., Hilton L.G., Tu W., Valentine D., and Shekelle P.G. Antioxidants vitamin C and vitamin E for the prevention and treatment of cancer. J. Gen. Intern. Med. 21 (2006) 735-744
20. Davies G.F., McFie P.J., Khandelwal R.L., and Roesler W.J. Unique ability of troglitazone to up-regulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma expression in hepatocytes. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 300 (2002) 72-77
21. de Groot A.C., Berretty P.J., van Ginkel C.J., den Hengst C.W., van Ulsen J., and Weyland J.W. Allergic contact dermatitis from tocopheryl acetate in cosmetic creams. Contact Dermatitis 25 (1991) 302-304
22. De Pascale M.C., Bassi A.M., Patrone V., Villacorta L., Azzi A., and Zingg J.M. Increased expression of transglutaminase-1 and PPARgamma after vitamin E treatment in human keratinocytes. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 447 (2006) 97-106
23. Decorti G., Klugmann F.B., Candussio L., and Baldini L. Adriamycin-induced histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells: Role of free radicals. Anticancer Res. 7 (1987) 497-499
24. Delcommenne M., Tan C., Gray V., Rue L., Woodgett J., and Dedhar S. Phosphoinositide-3-OH kinase-dependent regulation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 and protein kinase B/AKT by the integrin-linked kinase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95 (1998) 11211-11216
25. Di Bello M.G., Masini E., Ioannides C., Fomusi Ndisang J., Raspanti S., Bani Sacchi T., and Mannaioni P.F. Histamine release from rat mast cells induced by the metabolic activation of drugs of abuse into free radicals. Inflamm. Res. 47 (1998) 122-130
26. Djouder N., Schmidt G., Frings M., Cavalie A., Thelen M., and Aktories K. Rac and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulate the protein kinase B in Fc epsilon RI signaling in RBL 2H3 mast cells. J. Immunol. 166 (2001) 1627-1634
27. Egger T., Schuligoi R., Wintersperger A., Amann R., Malle E., and Sattler W. Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) attenuates cyclo-oxygenase 2 transcription and synthesis in immortalized murine BV-2 microglia. Biochem. J. 370 (2003) 459-467
28. Feger F., Varadaradjalou S., Gao Z., Abraham S.N., and Arock M. The role of mast cells in host defense and their subversion by bacterial pathogens. Trends Immunol. 23 (2002) 151-158
29. Feng J., Park J., Cron P., Hess D., and Hemmings B.A. Identification of a PKB/Akt hydrophobic motif Ser-473 kinase as DNA-dependent protein kinase. J. Biol. Chem. 279 (2004) 41189-41196
30. Florence T.M. The role of free radicals in disease. Aust. NZJ. Ophthalmol. 23 (1995) 3-7
31. Fogarty A., Lewis S., Weiss S., and Britton J. Dietary vitamin E, IgE concentrations, and atopy. Lancet 356 (2000) 1573-1574
32. Frangogiannis N.G., and Entman M.L. Mast cells in myocaridal ischemia and reperfusion. In: Marone G., Lichtenstein L.M., and Galli S.J. (Eds). "Mast Cells and Basophils" (2000), Academic Press, Harcourt Publishers, London 507-522
33. Furitsu T., Tsujimura T., Tono T., Ikeda H., Kitayama H., Koshimizu U., Sugahara H., Butterfield J.H., Ashman L.K., Kanayama Y., Matsuzawa Y., Kitamura Y., et al. Identification of mutations in the coding sequence of the proto-oncogene c-kit in a human mast cell leukemia cell line causing ligand-independent activation of c-kit product. J. Clin. Invest. 92 (1993) 1736-1744
34. Galli S.J., and Hammel I. Mast cell and basophil development. Curr. Opin. Hematol. 1 (1994) 33-39
35. Goti D., Hammer A., Galla H.J., Malle E., and Sattler W. Uptake of lipoprotein-associated alpha-tocopherol by primary porcine brain capillary endothelial cells. J. Neurochem. 74 (2000) 1374-1383
36. Gueck T., Aschenbach J.R., and Fuhrmann H. Influence of vitamin E on mast cell mediator release. Vet. Dermatol. 13 (2002) 301-305
37. Guinea Viniegra J., Martinez N., Modirassari P., Hernandez Losa J., Parada Cobo C., Sanchez-Arevalo Lobo V.J., Avceves-Luquero C.I., Alavrez-Vallina L., Ramon Y.C.S., Rojas J.M., and Sanchez-Prieto R. Full activation of PKB/Akt in response to insulin or ionizing radiation is mediated through ATM. J. Biol. Chem. 280 (2004) 429-436
38. Halliwell B., Rafter J., and Jenner A. Health promotion by flavonoids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, and other phenols: Direct or indirect effects? Antioxidant or not?. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 81 (2005) 268S-276S
39. Hathcock J.N., Azzi A., Blumberg J., Bray T., Dickinson A., Frei B., Jialal I., Johnston C.S., Kelly F.J., Kraemer K., Packer L., Parthasarathy S., et al. Vitamins E and C are safe across a broad range of intakes. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 81 (2005) 736-745
40. Henz B.M., Maurer M., Lippert U., Worm M., and Babina M. Mast cells as initiators of immunity and host defense. Exp. Dermatol. 10 (2001) 1-10
41. Hibbert B., Chen Y.X., and O'Brien E.R. c-Kit-immunopositive vascular progenitor cells populate human coronary in-stent restenosis but not primary atherosclerotic lesions. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 287 (2004) H518-H524
42. Hill M.M., and Hemmings B.A. Inhibition of protein kinase B/Akt. Implications for cancer therapy. Pharmacol. Ther. 93 (2002) 243-251
43. Hiromatsu Y., and Toda S. Mast cells and angiogenesis. Microsc. Res. Tech. 60 (2003) 64-69
44. Hollenbeck S.T., Sakakibara K., Faries P.L., Workhu B., Liu B., and Kent K.C. Stem cell factor and c-kit are expressed by and may affect vascular SMCs through an autocrine pathway. J. Surg. Res. 120 (2004) 288-294
45. Hsieh C.C., Huang C.J., and Lin B.F. Low and high levels of alpha-tocopherol exert opposite effects on IL-2 possibly through the modulation of PPAR-gamma, IkappaBalpha, and apoptotic pathway in activated splenocytes. Nutrition 22 (2006) 433-440
46. Huber M., Helgason C.D., Damen J.E., Liu L., Humphries R.K., and Krystal G. The src homology 2-containing inositol phosphatase (SHIP) is the gatekeeper of mast cell degranulation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95 (1998) 11330-11335
47. Huber M., Hughes M.R., and Krystal G. Thapsigargin-induced degranulation of mast cells is dependent on transient activation of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase. J. Immunol. 165 (2000) 124-133
48. Huizinga J.D., Thuneberg L., Kluppel M., Malysz J., Mikkelsen H.B., and Bernstein A. W/kit gene required for interstitial cells of Cajal and for intestinal pacemaker activity. Nature 373 (1995) 347-349
49. Hundley T.R., Gilfillan A.M., Tkaczyk C., Andrade M.V., Metcalfe D.D., and Beaven M.A. Kit and FcepsilonRI mediate unique and convergent signals for release of inflammatory mediators from human mast cells. Blood 104 (2004) 2410-2417
50. Hybertson B.M., Leff J.A., Beehler C.J., Barry P.C., and Repine J.E. Effect of vitamin E deficiency and supercritical fluid aerosolized vitamin E supplementation on interleukin-1-induced oxidative lung injury in rats. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 18 (1995) 537-542
51. Hybertson B.M., Chung J.H., Fini M.A., Lee Y.M., Allard J.D., Hansen B.N., Cho O.J., Shibao G.N., and Repine J.E. Aerosol-administered alpha-tocopherol attenuates lung inflammation in rats given lipopolysaccharide intratracheally. Exp. Lung Res. 31 (2005) 283-294
52. Ikeda T., Murakami M., and Funaba M. Expression of tocopherol-associated protein in mast cells. Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. 11 (2004) 1189-1191
53. Jacobs-Helber S.M., Penta K., Sun Z., Lawson A., and Sawyer S.T. Distinct signaling from stem cell factor and erythropoietin in HCD57 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 272 (1997) 6850-6853
54. Jeziorska M., McCollum C., and Woolley D.E. Mast cell distribution, activation, and phenotype in atherosclerotic lesions of human carotid arteries. J. Pathol. 182 (1997) 115-122
55. Jiang Q., Wong J., Fyrst H., Saba J.D., and Ames B.N. γ-Tocopherol or combinations of vitamin E forms induce cell death in human prostate cancer cells by interrupting sphingolipid synthesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101 (2004) 17825-17830
56. Kaartinen M., Penttila A., and Kovanen P.T. Accumulation of activated mast cells in the shoulder region of human coronary atheroma, the predilection site of atheromatous rupture. Circulation 90 (1994) 1669-1678
57. Kawakami Y., Nishimoto H., Kitaura J., Maeda-Yamamoto M., Kato R.M., Littman D.R., Rawlings D.J., and Kawakami T. Protein kinase C betaII regulates Akt phosphorylation on Ser-473 in a cell type- and stimulus-specific fashion. J. Biol. Chem. 279 (2004) 47720-47725
58. Kelley J.L., Chi D.S., Abou-Auda W., Smith J.K., and Krishnaswamy G. The molecular role of mast cells in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Mol. Med. Today 6 (2000) 304-308
59. Kelley J., Hemontolor G., Younis W., Li C., Krishnaswamy G., and Chi D.S. Mast cell activation by lipoproteins. Methods Mol. Biol. 315 (2006) 341-348
60. Kempna P., Cipollone R., Villacorta L., Ricciarelli R., and Zingg J.M. Isoelectric point mobility shift assay for rapid screening of charged and uncharged ligands bound to proteins. IUBMB Life 55 (2003) 103-107
61. Kempna P., Zingg J.M., Ricciarelli R., Hierl M., Saxena S., and Azzi A. Cloning of novel human SEC14p-like proteins: Cellular localization, ligand binding and functional properties. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 34 (2003) 1458-1472
62. Kempna P., Reiter E., Arock M., Azzi A., and Zingg J.M. Inhibition of HMC-1 mast cell proliferation by vitamin E: Involvement of the protein kinase B pathway. J. Biol. Chem. 279 (2004) 50700-50709
63. Khanna S., Patel V., Rink C., Roy S., and Sen C.K. Delivery of orally supplemented alpha-tocotrienol to vital organs of rats and tocopherol-transport protein deficient mice. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 39 (2005) 1310-1319
64. Kitaura J., Asai K., Maeda-Yamamoto M., Kawakami Y., Kikkawa U., and Kawakami T. Akt-dependent cytokine production in mast cells. J. Exp. Med. 192 (2000) 729-740
65. Knopman D.S. Current treatment of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep. 6 (2006) 365-371
66. Kolleck I., Schlame M., Fechner H., Looman A.C., Wissel H., and Rustow B. HDL is the major source of vitamin E for type II pneumocytes. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 27 (1999) 882-890
67. Kompauer I., Heinrich J., Wolfram G., and Linseisen J. Association of carotenoids, tocopherols and vitamin C in plasma with allergic rhinitis and allergic sensitisation in adults. Public Health Nutr. 9 (2006) 472-479
68. Kostner G.M., Oettl K., Jauhiainen M., Ehnholm C., Esterbauer H., and Dieplinger H. Human plasma phospholipid transfer protein accelerates exchange/transfer of alpha-tocopherol between lipoproteins and cells. Biochem. J. 305 (1995) 659-667
69. Kovanen P.T. Mast cells in human fatty streaks and atheromas: Implications for intimal lipid accumulation. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 7 (1996) 281-286
70. Krishnaswamy G., Ajitawi O., and Chi D.S. The human mast cell: An overview. Methods Mol. Biol. 315 (2006) 13-34
71. Lee D.M., Friend D.S., Gurish M.F., Benoist C., Mathis D., and Brenner M.B. Mast cells: A cellular link between autoantibodies and inflammatory arthritis. Science 297 (2002) 1689-1692
72. Leskinen M.J., Kovanen P.T., and Lindstedt K.A. Regulation of smooth muscle cell growth, function and death in vitro by activated mast cells-a potential mechanism for the weakening and rupture of atherosclerotic plaques. Biochem. Pharmacol. 66 (2003) 1493-1498
73. Li-Weber M., Giaisi M., Treiber M.K., and Krammer P.H. Vitamin E inhibits IL-4 gene expression in peripheral blood T cells. Eur. J. Immunol. 32 (2002) 2401-2408
74. Lonn E., Bosch J., Yusuf S., Sheridan P., Pogue J., Arnold J.M., Ross C., Arnold A., Sleight P., Probstfield J., and Dagenais G.R. Effects of long-term vitamin E supplementation on cardiovascular events and cancer: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 293 (2005) 1338-1347
75. Lu D., Huang J., and Basu A. Protein kinase C-epsilon activates protein kinase B/AKT via DNA-PK to protect against TNF-induced cell death. J. Biol. Chem. 281 (2006) 22799-22807
76. Marone G., Lichtenstein L.M., and Galli S.J. "Mast Cells and Basophils." (2000), Academic Press, Hartcourt Publisher, London
77. Masini E., Lodovici M., Fantozzi R., Brunelleschi S., Conti A., and Mannaioni P.F. Histamine release by free radicals: Paracetamol-induced histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells after in vitro activation by monooxygenase. Agents Actions 18 (1986) 85-88
78. Masini E., Palmerani B., Gambassi F., Pistelli A., Giannella E., Occupati B., Ciuffi M., Sacchi T.B., and Mannaioni P.F. Histamine release from rat mast cells induced by metabolic activation of polyunsaturated fatty acids into free radicals. Biochem. Pharmacol. 39 (1990) 879-889
79. Maziere C., Conte M.A., and Maziere J.C. Activation of JAK2 by the oxidative stress generated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 31 (2001) 1334-1340
80. McCormick C.C., and Parker R.S. The cytotoxicity of vitamin E is both vitamer- and cell-specific and involves a selectable trait. J. Nutr. 134 (2004) 3335-3342
81. McIntyre B.S., Briski K.P., Gapor A., and Sylvester P.W. Antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of tocopherols and tocotrienols on preneoplastic and neoplastic mouse mammary epithelial cells. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 224 (2000) 292-301
82. Mecheri S., and David B. Functional and ultrastructural insights into the immunobiology of mouse and human mast cells. Allergy Clin. Immunol. Int. 11 (1999) 226-233
83. Metcalfe D.D., Baram D., and Mekori Y.A. Mast cells. Physiol. Rev. 77 (1997) 1033-1079
84. Meydani S.N., Meydani M., Blumberg J.B., Leka L.S., Siber G., Loszewski R., Thompson C., Pedrosa M.C., Diamond R.D., and Stollar B.D. Vitamin E supplementation and in vivo immune response in healthy elderly subjects. A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 277 (1997) 1380-1386
85. Miller III E.R., Pastor-Barriuso R., Dalal D., Riemersma R.A., Appel L.J., and Guallar E. Meta-analysis: High-dosage vitamin E supplementation may increase all-cause mortality. Ann. Intern. Med. 142 (2005) 37-46
86. Miyamoto T., Sasaguri Y., Sasaguri T., Azakami S., Yasukawa H., Kato S., Arima N., Sugama K., and Morimatsu M. Expression of stem cell factor in human aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Atherosclerosis 129 (1997) 207-213
87. Montano Velazquez B.B., Jauregui-Renaud K., Banuelos Arias Adel C., Ayala J.C., Martinez M.D., Campillo Navarrete R., Rosalia I.S., Salazar Mdel R., Serrano H.A., Mondragon A.O., and Perez R.L. Vitamin E effects on nasal symptoms and serum specific IgE levels in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis. Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. 96 (2006) 45-50
88. Munteanu A., Zingg J.M., and Azzi A. Anti-atherosclerotic effects of vitamin E-myth or reality?. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 8 (2004) 59-76
89. Munteanu A., Taddei M., Tamburini I., Bergamini E., Azzi A., and Zingg J.M. Antagonistic effects of oxidized low density lipoprotein and alpha-tocopherol on CD36 scavenger receptor expression in monocytes: Involvement of protein kinase B and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma. J. Biol. Chem. 281 (2006) 6489-6497
90. Musalmah M., Fairuz A.H., Gapor M.T., and Wan Ngah W.Z. Effect of vitamin E on plasma malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzyme levels and the rates of wound closures during wound healing in normal and diabetic rats. Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr. 11 Suppl. 7 (2002) S448-S451
91. Neefjes J.J., Momburg F., and Hammerling G.J. Selective and ATP-dependent translocation of peptides by the MHC-encoded transporter. Science 261 (1993) 769-771
92. Neuzil J., Weber T., Schroder A., Lu M., Ostermann G., Gellert N., Mayne G.C., Olejnicka B., Negre-Salvayre A., Sticha M., Coffey R.J., and Weber C. Induction of cancer cell apoptosis by alpha-tocopheryl succinate: Molecular pathways and structural requirements. FASEB J. 15 (2001) 403-415
93. Neuzil J., Dong L.F., Wang X.F., and Zingg J.M. Tocopherol-associated protein-1 accelerates apoptosis induced by alpha-tocopheryl succinate in mesothelioma cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 343 (2006) 1113-1117
94. Ni J., Wen X., Yao J., Chang H.C., Yin Y., Zhang M., Xie S., Chen M., Simons B., Chang P., di Sant'agnese A., Messing E.M., et al. Tocopherol-associated protein suppresses prostate cancer cell growth by inhibition of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway. Cancer Res. 65 (2005) 9807-9816
95. Numakawa Y., Numakawa T., Matsumoto T., Yagasaki Y., Kumamaru E., Kunugi H., Taguchi T., and Niki E. Vitamin E protected cultured cortical neurons from oxidative stress-induced cell death through the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. J. Neurochem. 97 (2006) 1191-1202
96. Ogasawara H., Fujitani T., Drzewiecki G., and Middleton Jr. E. The role of hydrogen peroxide in basophil histamine release and the effect of selected flavonoids. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 78 (1986) 321-328
97. Ohta Y., Kobayashi T., Nishida K., and Ishiguro I. Relationship between changes of active oxygen metabolism and blood flow and formation, progression, and recovery of lesions is gastric mucosa of rats with a single treatment of compound 48/80, a mast cell degranulator. Dig. Dis. Sci. 42 (1997) 1221-1232
98. Ohta Y., Kobayashi T., Imai Y., Inui K., Yoshino J., and Nakazawa S. Effect of oral vitamin E administration on acute gastric mucosal lesion progression in rats treated with compound 48/80, a mast cell degranulator. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 29 (2006) 675-683
99. Okamoto N., Murata T., Tamai H., Tanaka H., and Nagai H. Effects of alpha tocopherol and probucol supplements on allergen-induced airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in a mouse model of allergic asthma. Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 141 (2006) 172-180
100. Okayama Y. Oxidative stress in allergic and inflammatory skin diseases. Curr. Drug Targets Inflamm. Allergy 4 (2005) 517-519
101. Okayama Y., and Kawakami T. Development, migration, and survival of mast cells. Immunol. Res. 34 (2006) 97-115
102. Oudit G.Y., Sun H., Kerfant B.G., Crackower M.A., Penninger J.M., and Backx P.H. The role of phosphoinositide-3 kinase and PTEN in cardiovascular physiology and disease. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 37 (2004) 449-471
103. Panagabko C., Morley S., Hernandez M., Cassolato P., Gordon H., Parsons R., Manor D., and Atkinson J. Ligand specificity in the CRAL-TRIO protein family. Biochemistry 42 (2003) 6467-6474
104. Partovian C., and Simons M. Regulation of protein kinase B/Akt activity and Ser473 phosphorylation by protein kinase Calpha in endothelial cells. Cell. Signal. 16 (2004) 951-957
105. Pearson P.J., Lewis S.A., Britton J., and Fogarty A. Vitamin E supplements in asthma: A parallel group randomised placebo controlled trial. Thorax 59 (2004) 652-656
106. Perrenoud D., Homberger H.P., Auderset P.C., Emmenegger R., Frenk E., Saurat J.H., and Hauser C. An epidemic outbreak of papular and follicular contact dermatitis to tocopheryl linoleate in cosmetics. Swiss Contact Dermatitis Research Group. Dermatology 189 (1994) 225-233
107. Ranadive N.S., and Lewis R. Differential effects of antioxidants and indomethacin on compound 48/80 induced histamine release and Ca2+ uptake in rat mast cells. Immunol. Lett. 5 (1982) 145-150
108. Ricciarelli R., Tasinato A., Clement S., Ozer N.K., Boscoboinik D., and Azzi A. Alpha-tocopherol specifically inactivates cellular protein kinase C alpha by changing its phosphorylation state. Biochem. J. 334 (1998) 243-249
109. Ricciarelli R., Zingg J.M., and Azzi A. Vitamin E: Protective role of a Janus molecule. FASEB J. 15 (2001) 2314-2325
110. Richelle M., Sabatier M., Steiling H., and Williamson G. Skin bioavailability of dietary vitamin E, carotenoids, polyphenols, vitamin C, zinc and selenium. Br. J. Nutr. 96 (2006) 227-238
111. Rimbach G., Minihane A.M., Majewicz J., Fischer A., Pallauf J., Virgli F., and Weinberg P.D. Regulation of cell signalling by vitamin E. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 61 (2002) 415-425
112. Ring J., Brockow K., and Behrendt H. History and classification of anaphylaxis. Novartis. Found. Symp. 257 (2004) 6-16 discussion 16-24, 45-50, 276-285
113. Roskoski Jr. R. Signaling by kit protein-tyrosine kinase-the stem cell factor receptor. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 337 (2005) 1-13
114. Ross R. Cell biology of atherosclerosis. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 57 (1995) 791-804
115. Sarbassov D.D., Guertin D.A., Ali S.M., and Sabatini D.M. Phosphorylation and regulation of Akt/PKB by the rictor-mTOR complex. Science 307 (2005) 1098-1101
116. Satoh T., Miyataka H., Yamamoto K., and Hirano T. Synthesis and physiological activity of novel tocopheryl glycosides. Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo) 49 (2001) 948-953
117. Schattenfroh S., Bartels M., and Nagel E. Early morphological changes in Crohn's disease. Transmission electron-microscopic findings and their interpretation: An overview. Acta Anat. (Basel) 149 (1994) 237-246
118. Scheid M.P., and Woodgett J.R. Unravelling the activation mechanisms of protein kinase B/Akt. FEBS Lett. 546 (2003) 108-112
119. Schneider E., Rolli-Derkinderen M., Arock M., and Dy M. Trends in histamine research: New functions during immune responses and hematopoiesis. Trends Immunol. 23 (2002) 255-263
120. Seebeck J., Westenberger K., Elgeti T., Ziegler A., and Schutze S. The exocytotic signaling pathway induced by nerve growth factor in the presence of lyso-phosphatidylserine in rat peritoneal mast cells involves a type D phospholipase. Regul. Pept. 102 (2001) 93-99
121. Sen C.K., Khanna S., Roy S., and Packer L. Molecular basis of vitamin E action. Tocotrienol potently inhibits glutamate-induced pp60(c-Src) kinase activation and death of HT4 neuronal cells. J. Biol. Chem. 275 (2000) 13049-13055
122. Shah S.J., and Sylvester P.W. Gamma-tocotrienol inhibits neoplastic mammary epithelial cell proliferation by decreasing Akt and nuclear factor kappaB activity. Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood) 230 (2005) 235-241
123. Shahar E., Hassoun G., and Pollack S. Effect of vitamin E supplementation on the regular treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. 92 (2004) 654-658
124. Shvedova A.A., Kisin E., Murray A., Smith C., Castranova V., and Kommineni C. Enhanced oxidative stress in the skin of vitamin E deficient mice exposed to semisynthetic metal working fluids. Toxicology 176 (2002) 135-143
125. Sienra-Monge J.J., Ramirez-Aguilar M., Moreno-Macias H., Reyes-Ruiz N.I., Del Rio-Navarro B.E., Ruiz-Navarro M.X., Hatch G., Crissman K., Slade R., Devlin R.B., and Romieu I. Antioxidant supplementation and nasal inflammatory responses among young asthmatics exposed to high levels of ozone. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 138 (2004) 317-322
126. Sim A.T., Ludowyke R.I., and Verrills N.M. Mast cell function: Regulation of degranulation by serine/threonine phosphatases. Pharmacol Ther. 112 2 (2006) 425-439
127. Singh U., Devaraj S., and Jialal I. Vitamin E, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Annu. Rev. Nutr. 25 (2005) 151-174
128. Suchankova J., Voprsalova M., Kottova M., Semecky V., and Visnovsky P. Effects of oral alpha-tocopherol on lung response in rat model of allergic asthma. Respirology 11 (2006) 414-421
129. Sugiyama H., Nonaka T., Kishimoto T., Komoriya K., Tsuji K., and Nakahata T. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors are expressed in human cultured mast cells: A possible role of these receptors in negative regulation of mast cell activation. Eur. J. Immunol. 30 (2000) 3363-3370
130. Sylvester P.W., and Shah S.J. Mechanisms mediating the antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of vitamin E in mammary cancer cells. Front Biosci. 10 (2005) 699-709
131. Theoharides T.C. The mast cell: A neuroimmunoendocrine master player. Int. J. Tissue React. 18 (1996) 1-21
132. Theoharides T.C., and Bielory L. Mast cells and mast cell mediators as targets of dietary supplements. Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. 93 (2004) S24-S34
133. Thiele J.J., Weber S.U., and Packer L. Sebaceous gland secretion is a major physiologic route of vitamin E delivery to skin. J. Invest. Dermatol. 113 (1999) 1006-1010
134. Thiele J.J., Hsieh S.N., and Ekanayake-Mudiyanselage S. Vitamin E: Critical review of its current use in cosmetic and clinical dermatology. Dermatol. Surg. 31 (2005) 805-813 discussion 813
135. Tsoureli-Nikita E., Hercogova J., Lotti T., and Menchini G. Evaluation of dietary intake of vitamin E in the treatment of atopic dermatitis: A study of the clinical course and evaluation of the immunoglobulin E serum levels. Int. J. Dermatol. 41 (2002) 146-150
136. Valent P., Akin C., Sperr W.R., Horny H.P., Arock M., Lechner K., Bennett J.M., and Metcalfe D.D. Diagnosis and treatment of systemic mastocytosis: State of the art. Br. J. Haematol. 122 (2003) 695-717
137. Venugopal S.K., Devaraj S., and Jialal I. RRR-alpha-tocopherol decreases the expression of the major scavenger receptor, CD36, in human macrophages via inhibition of tyrosine kinase (Tyk2). Atherosclerosis 175 (2004) 213-220
138. Waltner-Romen M., Falkensammer G., Rabl W., and Wick G. A previously unrecognized site of local accumulation of mononuclear cells. The vascular-associated lymphoid tissue. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 46 (1998) 1347-1350
139. Whiteman E.L., Cho H., and Birnbaum M.J. Role of Akt/protein kinase B in metabolism. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 13 (2002) 444-451
140. Woolley D.E. The mast cell in inflammatory arthritis. N. Engl. J. Med. 348 (2003) 1709-1711
141. Wymann M.P., Bjorklof K., Calvez R., Finan P., Thomast M., Trifilieff A., Barbier M., Altruda F., Hirsch E., and Laffargue M. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma: A key modulator in inflammation and allergy. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 31 (2003) 275-280
142. Yamada K., Hung P., Yoshimura K., Taniguchi S., Lim B.O., and Sugano M. Effect of unsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants on immunoglobulin production by mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes of Sprague-Dawley rats. J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 120 (1996) 138-144
143. Yamada K., Mori M., Matsuo N., Shoji K., Ueyama T., and Sugano M. Effects of fatty acids on accumulation and secretion of histamine in RBL-2H3 cells and leukotriene release from peritoneal exudate cells isolated from Wistar rats. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. (Tokyo) 42 (1996) 301-311
144. Yang Z.Z., Tschopp O., Baudry A., Dummler B., Hynx D., and Hemmings B.A. Physiological functions of protein kinase B/Akt. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 32 (2004) 350-354
145. Yoshida E., Watanabe T., Takata J., Yamazaki A., Karube Y., and Kobayashi S. Topical application of a novel, hydrophilic gamma-tocopherol derivative reduces photo-inflammation in mice skin. J. Invest. Dermatol. 126 7 (2006) 1633-1640
146. Zappulla J.P., Arock M., Mars L.T., and Liblau R.S. Mast cells: New targets for multiple sclerosis therapy?. J. Neuroimmunol. 131 (2002) 5-20
147. Zheng K., Adjei A.A., Shinjo M., Shinjo S., Todoriki H., and Ariizumi M. Effect of dietary vitamin E supplementation on murine nasal allergy. Am. J. Med. Sci. 318 (1999) 49-54
148. Zingg J.M. Modulation of signal transduction by vitamin E. "XIII Congress of the Society for Free Radical Research International," (2006), Medimond International Proceedings, Davos 47-60
149. Zingg J.M. Molecular and cellular activities of vitamin E analogoues. "Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry," (2007) in press
150. Zingg J.M., and Azzi A. Non-antioxidant activities of vitamin E. Curr. Med. Chem. 11 (2004) 1113-1133
151. Zingg J.M., and Azzi A. Modulation of cellular signalling and gene expression by vitamin E. In: Bendrick O.H. (Ed). "New Topics in Vitamin E Research" (2006), NOVA Publishers, New York