Mast cells and cutaneous malignancies

Modern Pathology

Volumn 19, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 149-159

  Ch'ng, Sydney ^a,b   Wallis, Richard A ^c   Yuan, Lan ^b   Davis, Paul F ^b   Tan, Swee T ^a  

^a HUTT HOSPITAL   (New Zealand)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OTAGO   (New Zealand)

^c Environmental Risk Management Authority   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Angiogenesis; Cutaneous malignancy; Extracellular matrix; Immunosuppression; Mast cell; Skin cancer

Indexed keywords

ANGIOGENIC FACTOR; FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 2; HEPARIN; HISTAMINE; INTERLEUKIN 8; NEUROPEPTIDE; UROCANIC ACID; VASCULOTROPIN;

ANGIOGENESIS; BASAL CELL CARCINOMA; CARCINOGENESIS; CELL ACTIVATION; CELL MIGRATION; CELL WALL; DATA ANALYSIS; ENDOTHELIUM CELL; HISTAMINE RELEASE; HUMAN; IMMUNE SYSTEM; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; ISOMERIZATION; MAST CELL; MELANOMA; METASTASIS; MICROENVIRONMENT; MITOGENESIS; POLARIZATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; ULTRAVIOLET B RADIATION;

CARCINOMA, BASAL CELL; CARCINOMA, SQUAMOUS CELL; HUMANS; MAST CELLS; MELANOMA; NEOVASCULARIZATION, PATHOLOGIC; SKIN NEOPLASMS; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A;

EID: 32844470274     PISSN: 08933952     EISSN: 15300285     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.3800474     Document Type: Review

References (103)

1. American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts and Figures 2005. American Cancer Society: Atlanta, 2005, pp 1-5.
2. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare and Australasian Association of Cancer Registries. Cancer in Australia 2001. Canberra, 2004, pp 6-9.
3. Health Sponsorship Council [Report]. Sunsmart in New Zealand: facts, information and articles 2005. Wellington, New Zealand.
4. Fleming I, Amonette R, Monaghan T. Principles of management of basal and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Cancer 1995;75:699-704.
5. Grimbaldeston M, Skov L, Finlay-Jones J, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma is not associated with high dermal mast cell prevalence in humans. J Invest Dermatol 2002;119:1204-1206.
6. Wagner J, Gordon M, Chuang T, et al. Current therapy of cutaneous melanoma. Plast Reconstr Surg 2000;105:1774-1799.
7. Netscher D, Spira M. Basal cell carcinoma: an overview of tumor biology and treatment. Plast Reconstr Surg 2004;113:74e-94e.
8. Rudolph R, Zelac D. Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Plast Reconstr Surg 2004;114:82e-94e.
9. Cawley E, Hoch-Ligeti C. Association of tissue mast cells and skin tumors. Arch Dermatol 1961;83:146-150.
10. Duncan L, Richards L, Mihm Jr M. Increased mast cell density in invasive melanoma. J Cutan Pathol 1998;25:11-15.
11. Ribatti D, Ennas M, Vacca A, et al. Tumor vascularity and tryptase-positive mast cells correlate with a poor prognosis in melanoma. Eur J Clin Invest 2003;33:420-425.
12. Toth T, Toth-Jakatics R, Jimi S, et al. Cutaneous malignant melanoma: correlation between neovascularization and peritumor accumulation of mast cells overexpressing vascular endothelial growth factor. Hum Pathol 2000;31:955-960.
13. Humphreys T, Monteiro M, Murphy G. Mast cells and dendritic cells in basal cell carcinoma stroma. Dermatol Surg 2000;26:200-204.
14. Aoki M, Pawankar R, Niimi Y, et al. Mast cells in basal cell carcinoma express VEGF, IL-8 and RANTES. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2003;130:216-223.
15. Coussens L, Werb Z. Inflammatory cells and cancer: think different!. J Exp Med 2001;193:F23-F26.
16. Nakayama T, Yao L, Tosato G. Mast cell-derived angiopoietin-1 plays a critical role in the growth of plasma cell tumors. J Clin Invest 2004;114:1317-1325.
17. Theoharides T, Conti P. Mast cells: the Jekyll and Hyde of tumor growth. Trends Immunol 2004;25:235-241.
18. Cotran R, Kumar V, Collins T, et al. Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, 6th edn. WB Saunders: Philadelphia, 1999, p 196.
19. Abbas A, Lichtman A, Pober J. Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 3rd edn. WB Saunders: Philadelphia, 1997, pp 303-306.
20. Church M, Levi-Schaffer F. The human mast cell. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1997;99:155-160.
21. Roitt I, Brostoff J, Male D. Immunology, 6th edn. Mosby: London, 2001, p 330.
22. Metcalfe D, Baram D, Merkori Y. Mast cells. Physiol Rev 1997;77:1033.
23. Gurish M, Austen K. The diverse roles of mast cells. J Exp Med 2001;194:F1-F5.
24. Castells M. Mast cells: molecular and cell biology. Int J Asthma, Allergy Immunol 1999;1:1-20.
25. Tan ST, Wallis R, He Y, et al. Mast cells and hemangioma. Plast Reconst Surg 2004;113:999-1011.
26. Kessler D, Langer R, Pless N, et al. Mast cells and tumor angiogenesis. Int J Cancer 1976;18:703-709.
27. Cohen M, Rogers G. The significance of mast cells in basal cell carcinoma. J Am Acad Dermatol 1995;33:514-517.
28. Flynn E, Schwartz J, Shklar G. Sequential mast cell infiltration and degranulation during experimental carcinogenesis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1991;117:115-122.
29. Dvorak A, Galli S, Schulman E, et al. Basophil and mast cell degranulation: ultrastructural analysis of mechanisms of mediator release. Fed Proc 1983;42:2510-2515.
30. Claudatus Jr J, d'Ovidio R, Lospalluti M. Skin tumors and reactive cellular infiltrate: further studies. Acta Derm Venereol 1986;66:29-34.
31. Erkilic S, Erbagci Z. The significance of mast cells associated with basal cell carcinoma. J Dermatol 2001;28:312-315.
32. Janowski P, Strzelecki M, Brzezinska-Blaszczyk E, et al. Computer analysis of normal and basal cell carcinoma mast cells. Med Sci Monit 2001;7:260-265.
33. Tharp M, Glass M, Seelig Jr L. Ultrastructural morphometric analysis of human mast cells in normal skin and pathological cutaneous lesions. J Cutan Pathol 1988;15:78-83.
34. Hart P, Grimbaldeston M, Finlay-Jones J. Sunlight, immunosuppression and skin cancer: role of histamine and mast cells. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2001;28:1-8.
35. Streilein J, Taylor J, Vincek V, et al. Immune surveillance and sunlight-induced skin cancer. Immunol Today 1994;15:174-179.
36. Matsumura Y, Ananthaswamy H. Molecular mechanisms of photocarcinogenesis. Front Biosci 2002;7:d765-d783.
37. Kripke M. Immunological unresponsiveness induced by ultraviolet radiation. Immunol Rev 1984;10280:87-102.
38. Fisher M, Kripke M. Systemic alteration induced in mice by ultraviolet light irradiation and its relationship to ultraviolet carcinogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1977;74:1688-1692.
39. Penn I. Post-transplant malignancy: the role of immunosuppression. Drug Saf 2000;23:101-113.
40. Bavinck J, De Boer A, Vermeer B, et al. Sunlight, keratotic skin lesions and skin cancer in renal transplant recipients. Br J Dermatol 1993;129:242-249.
41. Yoshikawa T, Rae V, Bruins-Slot W, et al. Susceptibility to effects of UVB radiation on induction of contact hypersensitivity as a risk factor for skin cancer in humans. J Invest Dermatol 1990;95:530-536.
42. Wallis R. Mast cell involvement in ultraviolet radiation induced immunosuppression. In: Science. University of Otago: Wellington, 2004, pp 1-4.
43. Aubin F. Mechanisms involved in ultraviolet light-induced immunosuppression. Eur J Dermatol 2003;13:515-523.
44. Elmets C, Bergstresser P, Tigelaar R, et al. Analysis of the mechanism of unresponsiveness produced by haptens painted on skin exposed to low dose ultraviolet radiation. J Exp Med 1983;158:781-794.
45. Fisher M, Kripke M. Systemic alteration induced in mice by ultraviolet light irradiation and its relationship to ultraviolet carcinogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1977;74:1688-1692.
46. Daynes R, Spellman C. Evidence for the generation of suppressor cells by ultraviolet radiation. Cell Immunol 1977;31:182-187.
47. Grimbaldeston M, Skov L, Finlay-Jones J, et al. Increased dermal mast cell prevalence and susceptibility to development of basal cell carcinomas in humans. Methods 2002;28:90-96.
48. Grimbaldeston M, Pearce A, Robertson B, et al. Association between melanoma and dermal mast cell prevalence in sun-unexposed skin. Br J Dermatol 2004;150:895-903.
49. Rowe D, Carroll R, Day C. Prognostic factors for local recurrence, metastasis, and survival rates in squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, ear, and lip. J Am Acad Dermatol 1992;26:976.
50. Hart P, Townley S, Grimbaldeston M, et al. Mast cells, neuropeptides, histamine, and prostaglandins in UV-induced systemic immunosuppression. Methods 2002;28:79-89.
51. Garssen J, Buckley T, van Loveren H. A role for neuropeptides in UVB-induced systemic immunosuppression. Photochem Photobiol 1998;68:205-210.
52. Wille J, Kydonieus A, Murphy G. Cis-urocanic acid induces mast cell degranulation and release of preformed TNF-alpha: a possible mechanism linking UVB and cis-urocanic acid to immunosuppression of contact hypersensitivity. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 1999;12:18-27.
53. Walsh L. Ultraviolet B irradiation of skin induces mast cell degranulation and release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Immunol Cell Biol 1995;73:226-233.
54. Kurimoto I, Streilein J. Deleterious effects of cis-urocanic acid and UVB radiation on langerhans cell and on induction of contact hypersensitivity are mediated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha. J Invest Dermatol 1992;99:69S-70S.
55. 2 enhances the production of endogenous IL-10, which down-regulates dendritic cell functions. J Immunol 2002;168:2255-2263.
56. Kalinski P, Hilkens C, Snijders A, et al. IL-12-deficient dendritic cells, generated in the presence of prostaglandin E2 promote type 2 cytokine production in maturing human naive Th cells. J Immunol 1997;159:28.
57. Schwarz A, Stander S, Berneburg M, et al. Interleukin 12 suppresses ultraviolet radiation-induced apoptosis by inducing DNA repair. Nat Cell Biol 2002;4:26-31.
58. Nordlund J, Askenase P. The effect of histamine, antihistamine, and mast cell stabilizer on the growth of Cloudman melanoma cells in DBA/2 mice. J Invest Dermatol 1983;81:28-31.
59. Folkman J. What is the evidence that tumors are angiogenesis dependent? J Natl Cancer Inst 1990;82:4-6.
60. Algire G, Chalkley H, Legallais F, et al. Vascular reactions of normal and malignant tumors in vivo. I. Vascular reactions of mice to wounds and to normal and neoplastic transplants. J Natl Cancer Inst 1945;6:73-85.
61. Coussens L, Werb Z. Matrix metalloproteinases and the development of cancer. Chem Biol 1996;3:895-904.
62. Meninger C. Mast cells and tumor-associated angiogenesis. In: Marone G (ed). Human Basophils and Mast Cells: Clinical Aspects. Karger: Basel, 1995, pp 238-256.
63. Brown L, Detmar M, Claffey K, et al. Vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor. A multifunctional angiogenic cytokine. In: Goldberg I, Rosen E (eds). Regulation of Angiogenesis. Birkhauser: Basel, 1997, pp 233-269.
64. Friedl A, Chang Z, Tierney A, et al. Differential binding of fibroblast growth factor-2 and -7 to basement membrane heparin sulfate. Am J Pathol 1997;150:1443-1455.
65. Srivastava A, Laidler P, Davies R, et al. The prognostic significance of tumor vascularity in intermediate-thickness (0.76-4.0 mm thick) skin melanoma. Am J Pathol 1988;133:419-423.
66. Poole T, Zetter B. Stimulation of rat peritoneal mast cell migration by tumor-derived peptides. Cancer Res 1983;43:5857-5861.
67. Starkey J, Crowle P, Taubenberger S. Mast-cell deficient W/Wv mice exhibit a decreased rate of tumor angiogenesis. Int J Cancer 1988;42:48-52.
68. Ribatti D, Vacca A, Ria R, et al. Neovascularization, expression of fibroblast growth factor-2, and mast cells with tryptase activity increase simultaneously with pathological progression in human malignant melanoma. Eur J Cancer 2003;39:666-674.
69. Gordon J, Burd P, Galli S. Mast cells as a source of multifunctional cytokines. Immunol Today 1990;11:458-464.
70. Reed J, Albino A, McNutt N. Human cutaneous mast cells express b-FGF. Lab Invest 1995;72:215-222.
71. Ugurel S, Rappl G, Tilgen W, et al. Increased serum concentration of angiogenic factors in malignant melanoma patients correlates with tumor progression and survival. J Clin Oncol 2001;19:577-583.
72. Sawatsubashi M, Yamada T, Fukushima N, et al. Association of vascular endothelial growth factor and mast cells with angiogenesis in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Virchows Arch 2000;436:243-248.
73. Dvorak H, Brown L, Detmar M, et al. Vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor, microvascular hyperpermeability, and angiogenesis. Am J Pathol 1995;146:1029-1039.
74. Coussens L, Raymond W, Bergers G, et al. Inflammatory mast cells upregulate angiogenesis during squamous epithelial carcinogenesis. Genes Dev 1999;13:1382-1397.
75. Cairns J, Walls A. Mast cell tryptase stimulates the synthesis of type I collagen in human lung fibroblasts. J Clin Invest 1997;99:1313-1321.
76. Gruber B, Kew R, Jelaska A, et al. Human mast cells activate fibroblasts. J Immunol 1997;158:2310-2317.
77. Blair R, Meng H, Marchese M, et al. Human mast cells stimulate vascular tube formation. Tryptase is a novel, potent angiogenic factor. J Clin Invest 1997;99:2691-2700.
78. Roche W. Mast cells and tumor angiogenesis: the tumor-mediated release of an endothelial growth factor mast cells. Int J Cancer 1985;36:721-728.
79. Duncan J, Brown F, McKinnon A, et al. Patterns of angiogenic response to mast cell granule constituents. Int J Microcirc Clin Exp 1992;11:21-33.
80. Bar-Eli M. Role on interleukin-8 in tumor growth and metastasis of human melanoma. Pathobiology 1999;67:12-18.
81. Singh R, Varney M, Bucana C, et al. Expression of interleukin-8 in primary and metastatic malignant melanoma of the skin. Melanoma Res 1999;9:383-387.
82. Stetler-Stevenson W, Aznavoorian S, Liotta L. Tumor cell interactions with the extracellular matrix during invasion and metastasis. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 1993;9:541-573.
83. Woolley D, Whitehead R, Walker R, et al. Mast cell-tumor cell interactions: matrix degradation and the demonstration of histamine H2 receptors on human melanoma. Adv Exp Med Biol 1988;233:81-88.
84. Dabbous M, Walker R, Haney L, et al. Mast cells and matrix degradation at sites of tumor invasion in rat mammary adenocarcinoma. Br J Cancer 1986;54:459-465.
85. Baram D, Vaday G, Salamon P, et al. Human mast cells release metalloproteinase-9 on contact with activated T cells: juxtacrine regulation by TNF-alpha. J Immunol 2001;167:4009-4016.
86. Stack M, Johnson D. Human mast cell tryptase activates single-chain urinary-type plasminogen activator. J Biol Chem 1994;269:9416-9419.
87. Sakamoto S, Goldhaber P, Glimcher M. The effect of heparin on the amount of enzyme released in tissue culture and on the activity of the enzyme. Calcif Tissue Int 1973;12:247-258.
88. Markwardt F, Klocking H. Heparin-induced release of plasminogen activator. Haemostasis 1977;6:370-374.
89. Reed J, McNutt N, Bogdany J, et al. Expression of the mast cell growth factor interleukin-3 in melanocytic lesions correlates with an increased number of mast cells in the perilesional stroma: implications for melanoma progression. J Cutan Pathol 1996;23:495-505.
90. Yamamoto T, Katayama I, Nishioka K. Expression of stem cell factor in basal cell carcinoma. Br J Dermatol 1997;137:709-713.
91. Halaban R, Kwon B, Ghosh S, et al. bFGF as an autocrine growth factor for human melanoma. Oncogene Res 1988;3:177.
92. Schadendorf D, Moller A, Algermissen B, et al. IL-8 produced by human malignant melanoma cells in vitro is an essential autocrine growth factor. J Immunol 1993;151:2667.
93. Wang Y, Becker D. Antisense targeting of basic fibroblast growth factor and fibroblast growth factor-1 in human melanomas blocks intratumoral angiogenesis and tumor growth. Nat Med 1997;3:887-893.
94. Becker D, Lee P, Rodeck U, et al. Inhibition of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR-1) gene in human melanocytes and malignant melanomas leads to inhibition of proliferation and signs indicative of differentiation. Oncogene 1992;7:2302-2313.
95. Nilsson G, Butterfield JH, Nilsson K, et al. Stem cell factor is a chemotactic factor for human mast cells. J Immunol 1994;153:3717-3723.
96. Theoharides T, Bondy P, Tsakalos N, et al. Differential release of serotonin and histamine from mast cells. Nature 1982;297:229-231.
97. Sieghart W, Theoharides T, Alper S, et al. Calcium-dependent protein phosphorylation during secretion by exocytosis in the mast cell. Nature 1978;275:329-331.
98. Frossi B, De Carli M, Daniel J, et al. Oxidative stress stimulates IL-4 and IL-6 production in mast cells by an APE/Ref-1-dependent pathway. Eur J Immunol 2003;33:2168-2177.
99. Gagari E, Tsai M, Lantz CS, et al. Differential release of mast cell interleukin-6 via c-kit. Blood 1997;89:2654-2663.
100. Boesiger J, Tsai M, Maurer M, et al. Mast cells can secrete vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial cell growth factor and exhibit enhanced release after immunoglobulin E-dependent upregulation of Fce receptor I expression. J Exp Med 1998;188:1135-1145.
101. Schittek A, Issa H, Stafford J, et al. Growth of pulmonary metastases of B16 melanoma in mast cell-free mice. J Surg Res 1985;38:24-28.
102. Lu C, Kerbel R. Interleukin-6 undergoes transition from a paracrine growth inhibitor to autocrine stimulator during human melanoma progression. J Cell Biol 1993;120:1281.
103. Swope V, Abdel-Malek Z, Kassem L, et al. Interleukins 1a and 6 and necrosis factor a are paracrine inhibitors of human melanocyte proliferation and melanogenesis. J Invest Dermatol 1991;96:180-185.