Social incompetence in children with ADHD: Possible moderators and mediators in social-skills training

Clinical Psychology Review

Volumn 27, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 78-97

  de Boo, Gerly M ^a   Prins, Pier J M ^a  

^a Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

ADHD; Children; Mediators; Moderators; Review; Social skills training

Indexed keywords

METHYLPHENIDATE;

ARTICLE; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; BEHAVIOR THERAPY; CHILD; CHILD PARENT RELATION; CLINICAL TRIAL; COGNITION; COMORBIDITY; EVALUATION; HUMAN; KNOWLEDGE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PEER GROUP; PSYCHOSOCIAL CARE; SKILL; SOCIAL ADAPTATION; SOCIAL DISABILITY; SOCIAL INCOMPETENCE; SOCIAL INTERACTION; SOCIAL ISOLATION; SOCIAL PROBLEM; SYMPTOM;

ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; CHILD; COGNITIVE THERAPY; HUMANS; INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS; PEER GROUP; SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL ISOLATION;

EID: 33845442494     PISSN: 02727358     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2006.03.006     Document Type: Article

References (147)

1. Abikoff H., Hechtman L., Klein R.G., Gallagher R., Fleiss K., Etcovitch J., et al. Social functioning in children with ADHD treated with long-term methylphenidate and multimodal psychosocial treatment. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 43 (2004) 820-829
2. Achenbach T.M. Manual for the child behavior checklist (1991), University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry, Burlington
3. Achenbach T.M. Manual for the teacher's report form and the 1991 profile (1991), University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry, Burlington
4. Anderson C.A., Hinshaw S.P., and Simmel C. Mother-child interactions in ADHD and comparison boys: Relationships with overt and covert externalizing behavior. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 22 (1994) 247-265
5. Antshel K.M., and Remer R. Social skills training in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A randomized-controlled clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology 32 (2003) 153-165
6. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 3rd Rev. ed. (1987), Author, Washington, DC
7. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. (1994), Author, Washington, DC
8. Bagwell C.L., Molina B.S.G., Pelham W.E., and Hoza B. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and problems in peer relations: Predictions from childhood to adolescence. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 40 (2001) 1285-1292
9. Barkley R.A. ADHD clinic parent interview (1991), University of Massachusetts, School of Medicine, Worcester
10. Barkley R.A. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, self-regulation, and time: Toward a more comprehensive theory. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics 18 (1997) 271-279
11. Barkley R.A. ADHD and the nature of self-control (1997), Guilford Press, New York
12. Barkley R.A. The executive functions and self-regulation: An evolutionary neuropsychological perspective. Neuropsychology Review 11 (2001) 1-29
13. Barkley R.A. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. In: Mash E.J., and Barkley R.A. (Eds). Child psychopathology. 2nd ed. (2003), Guilford Press, New York 75-143
14. Barkley R.A., Anastopoulos A.D., Guevremont D.C., and Fletcher K.E. Adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Mother-adolescent interactions, family beliefs and conflicts, and maternal psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 20 (1992) 263-288
15. Barkley R.A., and Cunningham C.E. Stimulant drugs and activity level in hyperactive children. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 49 (1979) 491-499
16. Barkley R.A., Cunningham C.E., and Karlsson J. The speech of hyperactive children and their mothers: Comparison with normal children and stimulant drug effects. Journal of Learning Disabilities 16 (1983) 105-110
17. Barkley R.A., DuPaul G.J., and McMurray M.B. Comprehensive evaluation of attention deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity as defined by research criteria. Journal of Consulting and Clinical sychology 58 (1990) 775-789
18. Barkley R.A., Fischer M., Edelbrock C., and Smallish L. The adolescent outcome of hyperactive children diagnosed by research criteria: III. Mother-child interactions, family conflicts and maternal psychopathology. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines 32 (1991) 233-255
19. Barkley R.A., Karlsson J., and Pollard S. Effects of age on the mother-child interactions of ADD-H and normal boys. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 13 (1985) 631-637
20. Barkley R.A., Shelton T.L., Crosswait C., Moorehouse M., Fletcher K., Barrett S., et al. Multi-method psycho-educational intervention for preschool children with disruptive behavior: Preliminary results at post-treatment. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines 41 (2000) 319-332
21. Barton L.E., Brulle A.R., and Repp A.C. Maintenance of therapeutic change by momentary DRO. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 19 (1986) 277-282
22. Beelman A., Pfingsten U., and Lösel F. Effects of training social competence in children: A meta-analysis of recent evaluation studies. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 23 (1994) 260-271
23. Biederman J., Rosenbaum J.F., Hirshfeld D.R., Faraone S.V., Bolduc E.A., and Gersten M. Psychiatric correlates of behavioral inhibition in young children of parents with and without psychiatric disorders. Annual Progress in Child Psychiatry and Child Development (1991) 269-284
24. Bierman K.L., and Montminy H. Developmental issues in social-skills assessment and intervention with children and adolescents. Behavior Modification 17 3 (1993) 229-254
25. Bierman K.L., and Welsh J.A. Assessing social dysfunction: The contributions of laboratory and performance-based measures. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 29 4 (2000) 526-539
26. Björkqvist K., Lagerspertz K.M., and Kaukian A. Do girls manipulate and boys fight? Developmental trends in regard to direct and indirect aggression. Aggressive Behavior 18 2 (1992) 117-127
27. Braswell L., and Bloomquist M.L. Cognitive-behavioral therapy with ADHD children: Child, family, and school interventions (1991), Guilford Press, New York
28. Carlson C.L., Tamm L., and Gaub M. Gender differences in children with ADHD, ODD, and co-occurring ADHD/ODD identified in a school population. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 36 (1997) 1706-1714
29. Cohen N.J., Sullivan J., Minde K., Novak C., and Keens S. Mother-child interaction in hyperactive and normal kindergarten-aged children and the effect of treatment. Child Psychiatry and Human Development 13 (1983) 213-224
30. Connors C.K. The hyperkinetic index (1975), Abbot Laboratories, Chicago
31. Crick N.R. Relational aggression: The role of intent attributions, feelings of distress, and provocation type. Development and Psychopathology 7 (1995) 313-322
32. Crick N.R. The role of overt aggression, relational aggression, and prosocial behavior in the prediction of children's future social adjustment. Child Development 67 (1996) 2317-2327
33. Crick N.R., Bigbee M.A., and Howes C. Gender differences in children's normative beliefs about aggression: How do I hurt thee? Let me count the ways. Child Development 67 (1996) 1003-1014
34. Crick N.R., and Dodge K.A. A review and reformulation of social information-processing mechanisms in children's social adjustment. Psychological Bulletin 115 (1994) 74-101
35. Danforth J.S., Barkley R.A., and Stokes T.F. Observations of parentchild interactions with hyperactive children: Research and clinical implications. Clinical Psychology Review 11 (1991) 703-727
36. Denney C.B. Stimulant effects in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Theoretical and empirical issues. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 30 (2001) 98-109
37. Dodge K.A. Attributional bias in aggressive children. In: Kendall P.D. (Ed). Advances in cognitive behavioral research and therapy vol. 4 (1985), Academic Press, Inc. xiv, San Diego, CA, US 73-110
38. Dodge K.A., McClaskey C.L., and Feldman E. Situational approach to the assessment of social competence in children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 53 (1985) 344-353
39. Dodge K.A., Pettit G.S., McClaskey C.L., and Brown M.M. Social competence in children. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development 51 (1986) 1-85
40. DuPaul G.J. The ADHD rating scale. In: Barkley R.A. (Ed). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A handbook for diagnosis and treatment (1990), Guilford Press, New York NY 45-48
41. DuPaul G.J., and Eckert T.L. The effects of social skills curricula: Now you see them, now you don't. School Psychology Quarterly 9 (1994) 113-132
42. DuPaul G.J., McGoey K.E., Eckert T.L., and VanBrakle J. Preschool children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Impairments in behavioral, social, and school functioning. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 40 (2001) 508-515
43. D'Zurilla T., and Goldfried M. Problem solving and behavior modification. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 78 (1971) 107-126
44. Edwards G., Barkley R.A., Laneri M., Fletcher K., and Metevia L. Parent-adolescent conflict in teenagers with ADHD and ODD. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 29 (2001) 557-572
45. Eisenberg N., Fabes R.A., Guthrie I.K., and Reiser M. Dispositional emotionality and regulation: Their role in predicting quality of social functioning. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 78 (2000) 136-157
46. Fischer M. Parenting stress and the child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 19 (1990) 337-346
47. Forness S.R., and Kavale K.A. Treating social skill deficits in children with learning disabilities: A meta-analysis of the research. Learning Disability Quarterly 19 (1996) 2-13
48. Forness S.R., Kavale K.A., and Walker H.M. Identifying children at risk for antisocial behavior: The case for comorbidity. In: Bernheimer L.P., and Gallimore R. (Eds). Developmental perspectives on children with high incidence disabilities (1999), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, Mahwah, NJ, US 135-155
49. Frankel F., and Feinberg D. Social problems associated with ADHD vs. ODD in children referred for friendship problems. Child Psychiatry and Human Development 33 (2002) 125-146
50. Frankel F., Myatt R., Cantwell D.P., and Feinberg D.T. Parent-assisted transfer of children's social skills training: Effects on children with and without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 36 (1997) 1056-1064
51. Goldstein S. Social skills assessment questionnaire (1988), Neurology Learning and Behavior Center, Salt Lake City, UT
52. Gottman J.M., Katz L.F., and Hooven C. Meta-emotion: How families communicate emotionally (1997), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc., Hillsdale NJ England
53. Greene R.W., Biederman J., Faraone S.V., Monuteaux M.C., Mick E., DuPre E.P., et al. Social impairment in girls with ADHD: Patterns, gender comparisons, and correlates. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 40 (2001) 704-710
54. Greene R.W., Biederman J., Faraone S.V., Ouellette C.A., Penn C., and Griffin S. Toward a new psychometric definition of social disability in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 35 (1996) 571-578
55. Greene R.W., Biederman J., Faraone S.V., Sienna M., and Garcia-Jetton J. Adolescent outcome of boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and social disability: Results from a 4-year longitudinal follow-up study. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 65 (1997) 758-767
56. Greene R.W., Biederman J., Faraone S.V., Wilens T.E., Mick E., and Blier H.K. Further validation of social impairment as a predictor of substance use disorders: Findings from a sample of siblings of boys with and without ADHD. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 28 (1999) 349-354
57. Green J., Gilchrist A., Burton D., and Cox A. Social and psychiatric functioning in adolescents with Asperger syndrome compared with conduct disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 30 (2000) 279-293
58. Gresham F.M. Conceptual and definitional issues in the assessment of children's social skills: Implications for classification and training. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 15 (1986) 3-15
59. Gresham F.M. Social skills: Conceptual and applied aspects of assessment, training, and social validation. In: Elliott S.N., and Witt J.C. (Eds). Handbook of behavior therapy in education (1988), Plenum Press, New York, NY, US 523-546
60. Gresham F.M. Social competence and students with behavior disorders: Where we've been, where we are, and where we should go. Education and Treatment of Children 20 (1997) 233-249
61. Gresham F.M., and Elliot S.N. Social skills rating system: Manual (1990), American Guidance Service, Circle Pines, MN
62. Gresham F.M., Sugai G., and Horner R.H. Interpreting outcomes of social skills training for students with high-incidence disabilities. Exceptional Children 67 (2001) 331-344
63. Guevremont D.C., and Dumas M.C. Peer relationship problems and disruptive behavior disorders. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders 2 (1994) 164-172
64. Halberstadt A.G., Denham S.A., and Dunsmore J.C. Affective social competence. Social Development 10 (2001) 79-119
65. Hinshaw S.P. On the distinction between attentional deficits/hyperactivity and conduct problems/aggression in child psychopathology. Psychological Bulletin 101 (1987) 443-463
66. Hinshaw S.P., Henker B., Whalen C.K., Erhardt D., and Dunnington R.E. Aggressive, prosocial, and nonsocial behavior in hyperactive boys: Dose effects of methylphenidate in naturalistic settings. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 57 (1989) 636-643
67. Hinshaw S.P., Klein R.G., and Abikoff H.B. Childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Nonpharmacological treatments and their combination with medication. In: Gorman J.M., and Nathan P.E. (Eds). A guide to treatments that work. 2nd ed. (2002), Oxford University Press, London 3-23
68. Hinshaw S.P., and Melnick S.M. Peer relationships in boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder with and without comorbid aggression. Development and Psychopathology 7 (1995) 627-647
69. Hinshaw S.P., Owens E.B., Wells K.C., Kraemer H.C., Abikoff H.B., Arnold L., et al. Family processes and treatment outcome in the MTA: Negative/ineffective parenting practices in relation to multimodal treatment. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 28 (2000) 555-568
70. Hinshaw S.P., Zupan B.A., Simmel C., Nigg J.T., and Melnick S. Peer status in boys with and without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Predictions from overt and covert antisocial behavior, social isolation, and authoritative parenting beliefs. Child Development 68 (1997) 880-896
71. Hudley C.A. The reduction of childhood aggression using the Brain Power Program. In: Smith D.C., and Michael M.J. (Eds). Anger, hostility, and aggression: Assessment, prevention, and intervention strategies for youth (1994), Clinical Psychology Publishing Co, Brandon, VT, US 313-344
72. Hudley C., and Graham S. An attributional intervention to reduce peer-directed aggression among African-American boys. Child Development 64 (1993) 124-138
73. Humphries T., Kinsbourne M., and Swanson J. Stimulant effects on cooperation and social interaction between hyperactive children and their mothers. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines 19 (1978) 13-22
74. Jackson N.F., Jackson D.A., and Monroe C. Getting along with others: Teaching social effectiveness to children (1983), Research Press, Campaign, IL
75. Jensen P.S., Hinshaw S.T., Kraemer H.C., Lenora N., Newcorn J.H., Abikoff H.B., et al. ADHD comorbidity findings from the MTA study: Comparing comorbid subgroups. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 20 (2001) 147-158
76. Jensen P.S., Martin D., and Cantwell D.P. Comorbidity in ADHD: Implications for research, practice, and DSM-V. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 36 (1997) 1065-1079
77. Johnston C. Parent characteristics and parent-child interactions in families of nonproblem children and ADHD children with higher and lower levels of oppositional-defiant behavior. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 24 (1996) 85-104
78. Kavale K.A., and Forness S.R. Social skill deficits and learning disabilities: A meta-analysis. Journal of Learning Disabilities 29 (1996) 226-237
79. Kazdin A.E. Developing a research agenda for child and adolescent psychotherapy. Archives of General Psychiatry 57 (2000) 829-835
80. Kendall P.C., and Morris R.J. Child therapy: Issues and recommendations. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 59 (1991) 777-784
81. Kendall P.C., Padever W., and Zupan B. Developing self-control in children: A manual of cognitive-behavioral strategies (1980), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
82. Kendall P.C., and Wilcox L.E. Self-control in children: Development of a rating scale. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 43 (1979) 1020-1029
83. Klein R.G., Abikoff H., Klass E., Ganeles D., Seese L.M., and Pollack S. Clinical efficacy of methylphenidate in conduct disorder with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry 54 (1997) 1073-1080
84. Kochanska G. Multiple pathways to conscience for children with different temperaments: From toddlerhood to age 5. Developmental Psychology 33 (1997) 228-240
85. Kochanska G., Murray K.T., and Harlan E.T. Effortful control in early childhood: Continuity and change, antecedents, and implications for social development. Developmental Psychology 36 (2000) 220-232
86. In: Kohnstamm G.A., Bates J.E., and Rothbart M.K. (Eds). Temperament in childhood (1989), John Wiley and Sons, Oxford England
87. Kolko D.J., Loar L.L., and Sturnick D. Inpatient social-cognitive skills training with conduct disordered and attention deficit disordered children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 31 (1990) 737-748
88. Kraemer H.C., Wilson G., Fairburn C.G., and Agras W. Mediators and moderators of treatment effects in randomized clinical trials. Archives of General Psychiatry 59 (2002) 877-884
89. Krueger R.F., Caspi A., Moffitt T.E., White J., and Stouthamer Loeber M. Delay of gratification, psychopathology, and personality: Is low self-control specific to externalizing problems?. Journal of Personality 64 (1996) 107-129
90. Landau F., and Moore L.A. Social skills deficits in children with ADHD. School Psychology Review 20 (1991) 235-251
91. Landau S., Milich R., and Diener M.B. Peer relations of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Reading and Writing Quarterly: Overcoming Learning Difficulties 14 (1998) 83-105
92. Lochman J.E., Coie J.D., Underwood M.K., and Terry R. Effectiveness of a social relations intervention program for aggressive and nonaggressive, rejected children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 61 (1993) 1053-1058
93. Maccoby E.E., and Martin J.A. Socialization in the context of the family: Parent-child interaction. In: Wiley (Ed). Handbook of child psychology vol. 4 (1983), New York 1-101
94. Maedgen J.W., and Carlson C.L. Social functioning and emotional regulation in the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder subtypes. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 29 (2000) 30-42
95. Mash E.J., and Johnston C. A comparison of mother-child interactions of younger and older hyperactive and normal children. Child Development 53 (1982) 1371-1381
96. Mash E.J., and Johnston C. Determinants of parenting stress: Illustrations from families of hyperactive children and families of physically abused children. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 19 (1990) 313-328
97. Matthys W., Cuperus J.M., and Van Engeland H. Deficient social problem-solving in boys with ODD/CD, with ADHD, and with both disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 38 (1999) 311-321
98. Meichenbaum D.H. Cognitive-behavior modification. An integrative approach (1977), Plenum Press, New York
99. Melnick S.M., and Hinshaw S.P. What they want and what they get: The social goals of boys with ADHD and comparison boys. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 24 (1996) 169-185
100. Middleton M.B., and Cartledge G. The effects of social skills instruction and parental involvement on the aggressive behaviors of African American males. Behavior Modification 19 (1995) 192-210
101. In: Milich R., and Landau S. (Eds). Socialization and peer relations in hyperactive children vol. 1 (1982), JAI Press, Greenwich: CT
102. Miranda A., Martorell M.C., Llancer D., Peiro R., and Silva F. Inventario de problemas en la escuela (IPE) (The problems inventory in the school). In: Silva F., and Martorell C. (Eds). EPIJ. Evaluacion de la personalidad infantile y juvenil vol. 1 (1993), MEPSA, Madrid 59-81
103. Miranda A., and Presentacion M.J. Efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of children with ADHD, with and without aggressiveness. Psychology in the Schools 37 (2000) 169-182
104. Mrug S., Hoza B., and Gerdes A.C. Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Peer relationships and peer-oriented interventions. In: Erdle C.A., and Nangle D.W. (Eds). The role of friendship in psychological adjustment (2001), Jossey Bass, San Francisco, CA, US 51-77
105. MTA Cooperative Group. A 14-month randomized clinical trial of treatment strategies for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry 56 (1999) 1073-1086
106. Nangle D.W., Erdley C.A., Carpenter E.M., and Newman J.E. Social skills training as a treatment for aggressive children and adolescents: A developmental-clinical integration. Aggression and Violent Behavior 7 (2002) 169-199
107. Navarro A., Peiro R., Llacer M.D., and Silva F. Escala de problemas de conducta (EPC). (The scale of behavioral problems). In: Silva F., and Martorell C. (Eds). EPIJ. Evaluacion de la personalidad infantile y juvenil vol. 1 (1993), MEPSA, Madrid 59-81
108. Nigg J.T. Is ADHD a disinhibitory disorder?. Psychological Bulletin 127 (2001) 571-598
109. Nigg J.T. ADHD: Guides for the perplexed reflect the state of the field. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology 32 (2003) 302-308
110. Nigg J.T., Goldsmith H., and Sachek J. Temperament and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: The development of a multiple pathway model. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology 33 (2004) 42-53
111. Nigg J.T., John O.P., Blaskey L.G., Huang Pollock C.L., Willicut E.G., Hinshaw S.P., et al. Big Five dimensions and ADHD symptoms: Links between personality traits and clinical symptoms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 83 (2002) 451-469
112. Nixon E. The social competence of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A review of the literature. Child and Adolescent Mental Health 6 (2001) 172-180
113. Orobio-de-Castro B., Koops W., Bosch J.D., and Monshouwer H.J. Hostile attribution of intent and aggressive behavior. A meta-analysis. Child Development 73 (2002) 134-916
114. Owens E.B., Hinshaw S.P., Kraemer H.C., Arnold L., Abikoff H.B., Cantwell D.P., et al. Which treatment for whom for ADHD? Moderators of treatment response in the MTA. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 71 (2003) 540-552
115. Parker J.G., and Asher S.R. Peer relations and later personal adjustment: Are low-accepted children at risk?. Psychological Bulletin 102 (1987) 357-389
116. Pekarik E., Prinz R., Liebert D., Weintraub S., and Neil J. The pupil evaluation inventory: A sociometric technique for assessing children's social behavior. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 4 (1976) 83-97
117. Pelham W.E., and Milich R. Peer relationships in hyperactive children/attention deficit disorder. Journal of Learning Disabilities 17 (1984) 560-567
118. Pelham W.E., and Bender M.E. Peer relationships in hyperactive children: Description and treatment. Advances in Learning and Behavioral Disabilities 1 (1982) 365-436
119. Pelham Jr. W.E., Gnagy E.M., Greiner A.R., Hoza B., Hinshaw S.P., Swanson J.M., et al. Behavioral versus behavioral and pharmacological treatment in ADHD children attending a summer treatment program. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 28 (2000) 507-525
120. Pfiffner L.J., and McBurnett K. Social skills training with parent generalization: Treatment effects for children with attention deficit disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 65 (1997) 749-757
121. Reich W. Diagnostic interview for children and adolescents (DICA). Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 39 (2000) 59-66
122. In: Rothbart M.K., and Derryberry D. (Eds). Development of individual differences in temperament vol. 1 (1981), Erlbaum, Hilsdale, NJ
123. Rothbart M.K., and Ahadi S.A. Temperament and the development of personality. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 103 (1994) 55-66
124. Santosh P.J., and Mijovic A. Social impairment in hyperkinetic disorder: Relationship to psychopathology and environmental stressors. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 13 (2004) 141-150
125. Shiner R.L. How shall we speak of children's personalities in middle childhood? A preliminary taxonomy. Psychological Bulletin 124 (1998) 308-332
126. Smith B.H., Pelham W.E., Evans S., Gnagy E., Molina B., Bukstein O., et al. Dosage effects of methylphenidate on the social behavior of adolescents diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 6 (1998) 187-204
127. Spence S.H. Social skills training with children and young people: Theory, evidence and practice. Child and Adolescent Mental Health 8 (2003) 84-96
128. Spivack G., and Shure M.B. Social adjustment of young children: A cognitive approach to solving real-life problems (1974), Jossey-Bass, Oxford England
129. Sroufe L. Appraisal: Bowlby's contribution to psychoanalytic theory and developmental psychology-attachment, separation, loss. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines 27 (1986) 841-849
130. Swanson J.M. School-based assessments and interventions for ADD students (1992), K.C. Publishing, Irvine, CA
131. Task Force Promotion and Dissemination of Psychological Procedures. Training in and dissemination of empirically-validated psychological treatments: Report and recommendations. Clinical Psychology 48 (1995) 3-23
132. Taylor J.A. Stability of schoolchildren's cognitive style: A longitudinal study of the Kirton adaption-innovation inventory. Psychological Reports 74 (1994) 1008-1010
133. Tiffen K., and Spence S.H. Responsiveness of isolated versus rejected children to social skills training. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines 27 (1986) 343-355
134. Tutty S., Gephart H., and Wurzbacher K. Enhancing behavioral and social skill functioning in children newly diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in a pediatric setting. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics 24 (2003) 51-57
135. Van der Oord S., Van der Meulen E.M., Prins P.J.M., Oosterlaan J., Buitelaar J.K., and Emmelkamp P.M.G. A psychometric evaluation of the social skills rating system in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Behavioral Research and Therapy 43 (2005) 733-746
136. Webster Stratton C., Reid J., and Hammond M. Social skills and problem-solving training for children with early-onset conduct problems: Who benefits?. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines 42 (2001) 943-952
137. Walker H.M., McConnell S., Holmes D., Todis B., Walker J., and Golden N. The Walker social skills curriculum: The accepts program (1983), Pro Ed Resources, Austin, TX
138. Wechsler D. Wechsler intelligence scale for children (WISC) (1980), TEA, Madrid
139. Whalen C.K., Henker B., Collins B.E., McAuliffe S., and Vaux A. Peer interaction in a structured communication task: Comparisons of normal and hyperactive boys and of methylphenidate (Ritalin) and placebo effects. Child Development 50 (1979) 388-401
140. Whalen C.K., and Henker B. The social worlds of hyperactive (ADDH) children. Clinical Psychology Review 5 (1985) 447-478
141. Whalen C.K., Henker B., and Dotemoto S. Methylphenidate and hyperactivity: Effects on teacher behaviors. Science 208 (1980) 1280-1282
142. Whalen C.K., Henker B., Swanson J.M., Granger D., Kliewer W., and Spencer J. Natural social behaviors in hyperactive children: Dose effects of methylphenidate. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 55 (1987) 187-193
143. Whalen C.K., and Henker B. The social profile of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Five fundamental facets. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 1 (1992) 395-410
144. Wheeler J., and Carlson C.L. The social functioning of children with ADD with hyperactivity and ADD without hyperactivity: A comparison of their peer relations and social deficits. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders 2 (1994) 2-12
145. White J.L., Moffitt T.E., Caspi A., Bartusch D.J., Needles D.J., and Stouthamer-Loeber M. Measuring impulsivity and examining its relationship to delinquency. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 103 (1994) 192-205
146. Zametkin A.J., and Rapoport J.L. Neurobiology of attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity: Where have we come in 50 years?. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 26 (1987) 676-686
147. Zaragoza N., Vaughn S., and McIntosh R. Social skills interventions and children with behavior problems: A review. Behavioral Disorders 16 (1991) 260-275