Activated protein C in the cardioplegic solution on a porcine model of coronary ischemia-reperfusion has deleterious hemodynamic effects

Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy

Volumn 20, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 113-121

  Fernández, José A ^a   Vento, Antti E ^b   Jormalainen, Mikko ^b   Griffin, John H ^a   Pesonen, Ero ^b   Syrjälä, Martti ^b   Repo, Heikki ^b   Jansson, Sten Erik ^b   Rämö, O Juhan ^b   Petäjä, Jari ^c  

^a SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b HELSINKI UNIVERSITY CENTRAL HOSPITAL   (Finland)

^c KUOPIO UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Finland)

Author keywords

Activated protein C; Anticoagulants; Cardioplegia; Cardiopulmonary bypass; Ischemia; Reperfusion

Indexed keywords

CARDIOPLEGIC AGENT; MYELOPEROXIDASE; PLACEBO; PROTEIN C; SELECTIN; THROMBIN ANTITHROMBIN COMPLEX;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ANTICOAGULATION; ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; BLEEDING; BLOOD; BLOOD CLOTTING; CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME ACTIVITY; FEMALE; HEART MUSCLE BIOPSY; HEART MUSCLE ISCHEMIA; HEART PROTECTION; HEMODYNAMICS; HYPOTENSION; INFLAMMATION; MALE; MORTALITY; NEUTROPHIL; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; REPERFUSION INJURY; SWINE; SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM;

ANIMALS; ANTITHROMBIN III; CARDIOPLEGIC SOLUTIONS; CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; CORONARY VESSELS; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; HEART VENTRICLES; HEMODYNAMIC PROCESSES; HUMANS; HYPOTENSION; L-SELECTIN; MYOCARDIUM; NEUTROPHILS; PEPTIDE HYDROLASES; PEROXIDASE; PROTEIN C; RANDOM ALLOCATION; RECEPTORS, PROTEINASE-ACTIVATED; REPERFUSION INJURY; SWINE; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 33745053589     PISSN: 09203206     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10557-006-7448-y     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Spiess BD. Ischemia - a coagulation problem? J Cardiovasc Pharm 1996;27:S38-S41.
2. Curtis WE, Gillinov AM, Wilson IC, et al. Inhibition of neutrophil adhesion reduces myocardial infarct size. Ann Thorac Surg 1993;56:1069-1073.
3. Esmon CT. The anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory roles of the protein C anticoagulant pathway. J Autoimmun 2000;15:113-116.
4. Fernandez JA, Xu X, Liu D, et al. Recombinant murine-activated protein C is neuroprotective in a murine ischemic stroke model. Blood Cell Mol Dis 2003;30:271-276.
5. Cheng T, Liu D, Griffin JH, et al. Activated protein C blocks p53-mediated apoptosis in ischemic human brain endothelium and is neuroprotective. Nat Med 2003;9:338-342.
6. Joyce DE, Gelbert L, Ciaccia A, et al. Gene expression profile of antithrombotic protein C defines new mechanisms modulating inflammation and apoptosis. J Biol Chem 2001;276:11199-11203.
7. Feistritzer C, Riewald M. Endothelial barrier protection by activated protein C through PAR1-dependent sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor-1 crossactivation. Blood 2005;105:3178-3184.
8. Griffin JH, Zlokovic B, Fernandez JA. Activated protein C: Potential therapy for severe sepsis, thrombosis, and stroke. Sem Hematol 2002;39:197-205.
9. Riewald M, Petrovan RJ, Donner A, et al. Activation of endothelial cell protease activated receptor 1 by the protein C pathway. Science 2002;296:1880-1882.
10. Snow TR, Deal MT, Dickey DT, et al. Protein-C Activation following coronary-artery occlusion in the in situ porcine heart. Circulation 1991;84:293-299.
11. Hahn RA, MacDonald BR, Chastain M, et al. Evaluation of activated protein C on canine infarct size in a nonthrombotic model of myocardial reperfusion injury. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1996;276:1104-1110.
12. Petaja J, Pesonen E, Fernandez JA, et al. Cardiopulmonary by-pass and activation of antithrombotic plasma protein C. J Thor Cardvasc Surg 1999;118:422-429.
13. Bernard GR, Vincent JL, Laterre P, et al. Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis. New Eng J Med 2001;344:699-709.
14. Gruber A, Griffin JH, Harker LA, et al. Inhibition of platelet-dependent thrombus formation by human activated protein-C in a primate model. Blood 1989;73:639-642.
15. Gruber A, Hanson SR, Kelly AB, et al. Inhibition of thrombus formation by activated recombinant protein-C in a primate model of arterial thrombosis. Circulation 1990;82:578-585.
16. Bashore TM, Harrison JK, Davidson CJ. Cardiac catherization, angiography, interventional techniques in valvular and congenital heart disease. In: Sabiston DC, Spencer FC, editors. Surgery of the chest 6th edn. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Co, 1995. p. 1123-1178.
17. Pesonen EJ, Vento AE, Ramo OJ, et al. Nitecapone reduces cardiac neutrophil accumulation in clinical open heart surgery. Anesthesiology 1999;91:355-361.
18. Tedder TF, Penta AC, Levine HB, et al. Expression of the human-leukocyte adhesion molecule, lam1 - identity with the Tq1 and Leu-8 differentiation antigens. J Immuno 1990;144:532-540.
19. Suzuki K, Ota H, Sasagawa S, et al. Assay-method for myeloperoxidase in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Anal Biochem 1983;132:345-352.
20. Shibata M, Kumar SR, Amar A, et al. Anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and neuroprotective effects of activated protein C in a murine model of focal ischemic stroke. Circulation 2001;103:1799-1805.
21. Taylor FB, Chang A, Esmon CT, et al. Protein-C prevents the coaggulopathic and lethal effects of escherichia-coli infusion in the baboon. J Clin Invest 1987;79:918-925.
22. Gresele P, Momi S, Berrettini M, et al. Activated human protein C prevents thrombin-induced thromboembolism in mice - Evidence that activated protein C reduces intravascular fibrin accumulation through the inhibition of additional thrombin generation. J Clin Inves 1998;101:667-676.
23. Guo H, Liu D, Gelbard H, et al. Activated protein C prevents neuronal apoptosis via protease activated receptors 1 and 3. Neuron 2004;41:563-572.
24. Kahn ML, Zheng YW, Huang W, et al. A dual thrombin receptor system for platelet activation. Nature 1998;394:690-694.
25. Damiano BP, Cheung WM, Santulli RJ, et al. Cardiovascular responses mediated by protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) and thrombin receptor (PAR-1) are distinguished in mice deficient in PAR-2 or PAR-1. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999;288:671-678.
26. Cicala C, Pinto A, Bucci M, et al. Protease-activated receptor-2 involvement in hypotension in normal and endotoxemic rats in vivo. Circulation 1999;99:2590-2597.
27. Hamilton JR, Moffatt JD, Tatoulis J, et al. Enzymatic activation of endothelial protease-activated receptors is dependent on artery diameter in human and porcine isolated coronary arteries. Br J Pharmacol 2002;136:492-501.
28. Hamilton JR, Cocks TM. Heterogeneous mechanisms of endothelium-dependent relaxation for thrombin and peptide activators of protease-activated receptor-1 in porcine isolated coronary artery. Br J Pharmacol 2000;130:181-188.
29. Mclean PG, Aston D, Sarkar D, et al. Protease-activated receptor-2 activation causes EDHF-like coronary vasodilation - Selective preservation in ischemia/reperfusion injury: Involvement of lipoxygenase products, VR1 receptors, and C-fibers. Circ Res 2002;90:465-472.
30. Robin J, Kharbanda R, Mclean P, et al. Protease-activated receptor 2-mediated vasodilatation in humans in vivo - Role of nitric oxide and prostanoids. Circulation 2003;107:954-959.
31. Epstein SE, Cannon RO, Talbot TL. Hemodynamic principles in the control of coronary blood-flow. Am J Cardiol 1985;56:E4-E10.
32. Izzard AS, Heagerty AM. Hypertension and the vasculature - arterioles and the myogenic response. J Hypert 1995;13:1-4.
33. Jansen NJG, Vanoeveren W, Gu YJ, et al. Endotoxin release and tumor-necrosis-factor formation during cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann Thorac Surg 1992;54:744-748.
34. Nystedt S, Ramakrishnan V, Sundelin J. The proteinase-activated receptor 2 is induced by inflammatory mediators in human endothelial cells - Comparison with the thrombin receptor. J Biol Chem 1996;271:14910-14915.
35. Hamilton JR, Frauman AG, Cocks TM. Increased expression of protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) and PAR4 in human coronary artery by inflammatory stimuli unveils endothelium-dependent relaxations to PAR2 and PAR4 agonists. Circ Res 2001;89:92-98.
36. Napoli C, Cicala C, Wallace JL, et al. Protease-activated receptor-2 modulates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat heart. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000;97:3678-3683.