메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 44, Issue , 2004, Pages 499-523

Sex Differences in Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

Author keywords

Cytochrome P450; Drug disposition; Gender differences; HIV infection; Metabolism

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; CLOFIBRATE; CYTOCHROME P450; DEXAMETHASONE; ERYTHROMYCIN; MIDAZOLAM; NEVIRAPINE; PHENOBARBITAL; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR; VERAPAMIL;

EID: 1342302371     PISSN: 03621642     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.44.101802.121453     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (448)

References (173)
  • 3
    • 0036000312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mechanistic approach to understanding the factors affecting drug absorption: A review of fundamentals
    • Martinez MN, Amidon GL. 2002. A mechanistic approach to understanding the factors affecting drug absorption: a review of fundamentals. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 42:620-43
    • (2002) J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.42 , pp. 620-643
    • Martinez, M.N.1    Amidon, G.L.2
  • 5
    • 0030927353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of fluids from the stomach and proximal jejunum in men and women
    • Lindahl A, Ungell AL, Knutson L, Lennemas H. 1997. Characterization of fluids from the stomach and proximal jejunum in men and women. Pharm. Res. 14:497-502
    • (1997) Pharm. Res. , vol.14 , pp. 497-502
    • Lindahl, A.1    Ungell, A.L.2    Knutson, L.3    Lennemas, H.4
  • 6
    • 0027716660 scopus 로고
    • Gastric ulcers differ from duodenal ulcers. Evaluation of basal acid output
    • Collen MJ, Sheridan MJ. 1993. Gastric ulcers differ from duodenal ulcers. Evaluation of basal acid output. Dig. Dis. Sci. 38:2281-86
    • (1993) Dig. Dis. Sci. , vol.38 , pp. 2281-2286
    • Collen, M.J.1    Sheridan, M.J.2
  • 7
    • 0025810195 scopus 로고
    • Gastric mucosal damage induced by lateral hypothalamic lesions in female rats: Influence of age and ovariectomy
    • Roland B, Grijalva CV. 1991. Gastric mucosal damage induced by lateral hypothalamic lesions in female rats: influence of age and ovariectomy. Behav. Neural. Biol. 55:166-78
    • (1991) Behav. Neural. Biol. , vol.55 , pp. 166-178
    • Roland, B.1    Grijalva, C.V.2
  • 8
    • 0028256254 scopus 로고
    • Age does not affect basal gastric acid secretion in normal subjects or in patients with acid-peptic disease
    • Collen MJ, Abdulian JD, Chen YK. 1994. Age does not affect basal gastric acid secretion in normal subjects or in patients with acid-peptic disease. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 89:712-16
    • (1994) Am. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.89 , pp. 712-716
    • Collen, M.J.1    Abdulian, J.D.2    Chen, Y.K.3
  • 9
    • 0024558679 scopus 로고
    • Influence of gender and menopause on gastric emptying and motility
    • Hutson WR, Roehrkasse RL, Wald A. 1989. Influence of gender and menopause on gastric emptying and motility. Gastroenterology 96:11-17
    • (1989) Gastroenterology , vol.96 , pp. 11-17
    • Hutson, W.R.1    Roehrkasse, R.L.2    Wald, A.3
  • 10
    • 0025880763 scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal tract during pregnancy
    • Singer AJ, Brandt LJ. 1991. Pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal tract during pregnancy. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 86:1695-712
    • (1991) Am. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.86 , pp. 1695-1712
    • Singer, A.J.1    Brandt, L.J.2
  • 11
    • 0036452552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of cholecystokinin receptor in the inhibition of gastric emptying by oxytocin in male rats
    • Wu CL, Hung CR, Chang FY, Pau KY, Wang JL, Wang PS. 2002. Involvement of cholecystokinin receptor in the inhibition of gastric emptying by oxytocin in male rats. Pflugers. Arch. 445:187-93
    • (2002) Pflugers. Arch. , vol.445 , pp. 187-193
    • Wu, C.L.1    Hung, C.R.2    Chang, F.Y.3    Pau, K.Y.4    Wang, J.L.5    Wang, P.S.6
  • 12
    • 0028927566 scopus 로고
    • Delayed gastric emptying in conscious male rats following chronic estrogen and progesterone treatment
    • Coskun T, Sevinc A, Tevetoglu I, Alican I, Kurtel H, Yegen BC. 1995. Delayed gastric emptying in conscious male rats following chronic estrogen and progesterone treatment. Res. Exp. Med. 195:49-54
    • (1995) Res. Exp. Med. , vol.195 , pp. 49-54
    • Coskun, T.1    Sevinc, A.2    Tevetoglu, I.3    Alican, I.4    Kurtel, H.5    Yegen, B.C.6
  • 13
    • 0036232631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of progesterone on gastric emptying and intestinal transit in malerats
    • Liu CY, Chen LB, Liu PY, Xie DP, Wang PS. 2002. Effects of progesterone on gastric emptying and intestinal transit in malerats. World J. Gastroenterol. 8:338-41
    • (2002) World J. Gastroenterol. , vol.8 , pp. 338-341
    • Liu, C.Y.1    Chen, L.B.2    Liu, P.Y.3    Xie, D.P.4    Wang, P.S.5
  • 15
    • 0037258228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in gut transit shown with a newly developed radiological procedure
    • Sadik R, Abrahamsson H, Stotzer PO. 2003. Gender differences in gut transit shown with a newly developed radiological procedure. Scand J. Gastroenterol. 38:36-42
    • (2003) Scand J. Gastroenterol. , vol.38 , pp. 36-42
    • Sadik, R.1    Abrahamsson, H.2    Stotzer, P.O.3
  • 18
    • 0034071561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastric emptying: Comparison of scintigraphic, polyethylene glycol dilution, and paracetamol tracer assessment techniques
    • Naslund E, Bogefors J, Gryback P, Jacobsson H, Hellstrom PM. 2000. Gastric emptying: comparison of scintigraphic, polyethylene glycol dilution, and paracetamol tracer assessment techniques. Scand J. Gastroenterol. 35:375-79
    • (2000) Scand J. Gastroenterol. , vol.35 , pp. 375-379
    • Naslund, E.1    Bogefors, J.2    Gryback, P.3    Jacobsson, H.4    Hellstrom, P.M.5
  • 22
    • 0034009163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic polymorphisms in ethanol metabolism: Issues and goals for physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling
    • Pastino GM, Flynn EJ, Sultatos LG. 2000. Genetic polymorphisms in ethanol metabolism: issues and goals for physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling. Drug Chem. Toxicol. 23:179-201
    • (2000) Drug Chem. Toxicol. , vol.23 , pp. 179-201
    • Pastino, G.M.1    Flynn, E.J.2    Sultatos, L.G.3
  • 23
    • 0025105234 scopus 로고
    • High blood alcohol levels in women. The role of decreased gastric alcohol dehydrogenase activity and first-pass metabolism
    • Frezza M, di Padova C, Pozzato G, Terpin M, Baraona E, Lieber CS. 1990. High blood alcohol levels in women. The role of decreased gastric alcohol dehydrogenase activity and first-pass metabolism. N. Engl. J. Med. 322:95-99
    • (1990) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.322 , pp. 95-99
    • Frezza, M.1    Di Padova, C.2    Pozzato, G.3    Terpin, M.4    Baraona, E.5    Lieber, C.S.6
  • 24
    • 0034919722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender difference in enzymes related with alcohol consumption in hamster, an avid consumer of alcohol
    • Lee SF, Chen ZY, Fong WP. 2001. Gender difference in enzymes related with alcohol consumption in hamster, an avid consumer of alcohol. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol. 129: 285-93
    • (2001) Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol. , vol.129 , pp. 285-293
    • Lee, S.F.1    Chen, Z.Y.2    Fong, W.P.3
  • 25
    • 0032898869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex-dependent induction of alcohol dehydrogenase activity in rats
    • Aasmoe L, Aarbakke J. 1999. Sex-dependent induction of alcohol dehydrogenase activity in rats. Biochem. Pharmacol. 57:1067-72
    • (1999) Biochem. Pharmacol. , vol.57 , pp. 1067-1072
    • Aasmoe, L.1    Aarbakke, J.2
  • 26
    • 0034571275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the ontogeny of enterocytic and hepatic cytochromes P450 3A in the rat
    • Johnson TN, Tanner MS, Tucker GT. 2000. A comparison of the ontogeny of enterocytic and hepatic cytochromes P450 3A in the rat. Biochem. Pharmacol. 60:1601-10
    • (2000) Biochem. Pharmacol. , vol.60 , pp. 1601-1610
    • Johnson, T.N.1    Tanner, M.S.2    Tucker, G.T.3
  • 28
    • 3042772026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of functionally variant MDR1 alleles among European Americans and African Americans
    • Kim R, Leake B, Choo E, Dresser GK, Kubba SV, et al. 2001. Identification of functionally variant MDR1 alleles among European Americans and African Americans. Clin. Pharmcol. Ther. 70:189-99
    • (2001) Clin. Pharmcol. Ther. , vol.70 , pp. 189-199
    • Kim, R.1    Leake, B.2    Choo, E.3    Dresser, G.K.4    Kubba, S.V.5
  • 30
    • 0033833913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Faster clearance of sustained release verapamil in men versus women: Continuing observations on sex-specific differences after oral administration of verapamil
    • Krecic-Shepard ME, Barnas CR, Slimko J, Schwartz JB. 2000. Faster clearance of sustained release verapamil in men versus women: continuing observations on sex-specific differences after oral administration of verapamil. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 68:286-92
    • (2000) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.68 , pp. 286-292
    • Krecic-Shepard, M.E.1    Barnas, C.R.2    Slimko, J.3    Schwartz, J.B.4
  • 31
    • 0031765318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population pharmacokinetic analysis of mizolastine and validation from sparse data on patients using the nonparametric maximum likelihood method
    • Mesnil F, Mentre F, Dubruc C, Thenot JP, Mallet 1998. Population pharmacokinetic analysis of mizolastine and validation from sparse data on patients using the nonparametric maximum likelihood method. J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm. 26:133-61
    • (1998) J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm. , vol.26 , pp. 133-161
    • Mesnil, F.1    Mentre, F.2    Dubruc, C.3    Thenot, J.P.4    Mallet5
  • 34
    • 0024461556 scopus 로고
    • Route of administration and sex differences in the pharmacokinetics of aspirin, administered as its lysine salt
    • Aarons L, Hopkins K, Rowland M, Brossel S, Thiercelin JF. 1989. Route of administration and sex differences in the pharmacokinetics of aspirin, administered as its lysine salt. Pharm. Res. 6:660-66
    • (1989) Pharm. Res. , vol.6 , pp. 660-666
    • Aarons, L.1    Hopkins, K.2    Rowland, M.3    Brossel, S.4    Thiercelin, J.F.5
  • 36
    • 0035722781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of body fat on the onset of vecuronium induced neuromuscular blockade
    • Takaya T, Takeyama K, Miura M, Takiguchi M. 2001. Influence of body fat on the onset of vecuronium induced neuromuscular blockade. Tokai J. Exp. Clin. Med. 26:107-11
    • (2001) Tokai J. Exp. Clin. Med. , vol.26 , pp. 107-111
    • Takaya, T.1    Takeyama, K.2    Miura, M.3    Takiguchi, M.4
  • 37
    • 0031810598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pharmacokinetics of vecuronium in male and female patients
    • Xue FS, An G, Liao X, Zou Q, Luo LK. 1998. The pharmacokinetics of vecuronium in male and female patients. Anesth. Analg. 86:1322-27
    • (1998) Anesth. Analg. , vol.86 , pp. 1322-1327
    • Xue, F.S.1    An, G.2    Liao, X.3    Zou, Q.4    Luo, L.K.5
  • 38
    • 0028121091 scopus 로고
    • Relative potency of vecuronium in male and female patients in Britain and Australia
    • Semple P, Hope DA, Clyburn P, Rodbert A. 1994. Relative potency of vecuronium in male and female patients in Britain and Australia. Br. J. Anaesth. 72:190-94
    • (1994) Br. J. Anaesth. , vol.72 , pp. 190-194
    • Semple, P.1    Hope, D.A.2    Clyburn, P.3    Rodbert, A.4
  • 39
    • 0026675503 scopus 로고
    • Vecuronium: An anthropometric comparison
    • Houghton IT, Aun CS, Oh TE. 1992. Vecuronium: an anthropometric comparison. Anaesthesia 47:741-46
    • (1992) Anaesthesia , vol.47 , pp. 741-746
    • Houghton, I.T.1    Aun, C.S.2    Oh, T.E.3
  • 40
    • 0030800788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-response and time course of effect of rocuronium in male and female anesthetized patients
    • Xue FS, Tong SY, Liao X, Liu JH, An G, Luo LK. 1997. Dose-response and time course of effect of rocuronium in male and female anesthetized patients. Anesth. Analg. 85:667-71
    • (1997) Anesth. Analg. , vol.85 , pp. 667-671
    • Xue, F.S.1    Tong, S.Y.2    Liao, X.3    Liu, J.H.4    An, G.5    Luo, L.K.6
  • 45
    • 0030050723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of oral fleroxacin in male and premenopausal female volunteers
    • Bertino JS Jr, Nafziger AN. 1996. Pharmacokinetics of oral fleroxacin in male and premenopausal female volunteers. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 40:789-91
    • (1996) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.40 , pp. 789-791
    • Bertino Jr., J.S.1    Nafziger, A.N.2
  • 46
    • 0034770387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prednisolone pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in relation to sex and race
    • Magee MH, Blum RA, Lates CD, Jusko WJ. 2001. Prednisolone pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in relation to sex and race. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 41: 1180-94
    • (2001) J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.41 , pp. 1180-1194
    • Magee, M.H.1    Blum, R.A.2    Lates, C.D.3    Jusko, W.J.4
  • 47
    • 0025304111 scopus 로고
    • Microheterogeneity of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein: Variation during the menstrual cycle in healthy women, and profile in women receiving estrogen-progestogen treatment
    • Succari M, Foglietti MJ, Percheron F. 1990. Microheterogeneity of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein: variation during the menstrual cycle in healthy women, and profile in women receiving estrogen-progestogen treatment. Clin. Chim. Acta 187:235-41
    • (1990) Clin. Chim. Acta , vol.187 , pp. 235-241
    • Succari, M.1    Foglietti, M.J.2    Percheron, F.3
  • 48
    • 0028357755 scopus 로고
    • The influence of gender and sex steroid hormones on the plasma binding of propranolol enantiomers
    • Walle UK, Fagan TC, Topmiller MJ, Conradi EC, Walle T. 1994. The influence of gender and sex steroid hormones on the plasma binding of propranolol enantiomers. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 37:21-25
    • (1994) Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.37 , pp. 21-25
    • Walle, U.K.1    Fagan, T.C.2    Topmiller, M.J.3    Conradi, E.C.4    Walle, T.5
  • 49
    • 0030751046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hormonal regulation of lipoprotein(a) levels: Effects of estrogen replacement therapy on lipoprotein(a) and acute phae reactants in postmenopausal women
    • Tuck CH, Holleran S, Berglund L. 1997. Hormonal regulation of lipoprotein(a) levels: effects of estrogen replacement therapy on lipoprotein(a) and acute phae reactants in postmenopausal women. Arterioscler Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 17:1822-29
    • (1997) Arterioscler Thromb. Vasc. Biol. , vol.17 , pp. 1822-1829
    • Tuck, C.H.1    Holleran, S.2    Berglund, L.3
  • 50
    • 0029773383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral estrogen treatment induces a decrease in expression of sialyl Lewis x on alpha 1-acid glycoprotein in females and male-to-female transsexuals
    • Brinkman-Van der Linden CM, Havenaar EC, Van Ommen CR, Van Kamp GJ, Gooren LJ, et al. 1996. Oral estrogen treatment induces a decrease in expression of sialyl Lewis x on alpha 1-acid glycoprotein in females and male-to-female transsexuals. Glycobiology 6:407-12
    • (1996) Glycobiology , vol.6 , pp. 407-412
    • Brinkman-Van Der Linden, C.M.1    Havenaar, E.C.2    Van Ommen, C.R.3    Van Kamp, G.J.4    Gooren, L.J.5
  • 51
    • 0038397351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of four oral contraceptives on thyroid hormones, adrenal and blood pressure parameters
    • Wiegratz I, Kutschera E, Lee JH, Moore C, Mellinger U, et al. 2003. Effect of four oral contraceptives on thyroid hormones, adrenal and blood pressure parameters. Contraception 67:361-66
    • (2003) Contraception , vol.67 , pp. 361-366
    • Wiegratz, I.1    Kutschera, E.2    Lee, J.H.3    Moore, C.4    Mellinger, U.5
  • 52
    • 0020681892 scopus 로고
    • Serum protein pattern in normal pregnancy with special reference to acute-phase reactants
    • Haram K, Augensen K, Elsayed S. 1983. Serum protein pattern in normal pregnancy with special reference to acute-phase reactants. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. 90:139-45
    • (1983) Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. , vol.90 , pp. 139-145
    • Haram, K.1    Augensen, K.2    Elsayed, S.3
  • 54
    • 0019394967 scopus 로고
    • Changes in plasma drug binding and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein in mother and newborn infant
    • Wood M, Wood AJ. 1981. Changes in plasma drug binding and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein in mother and newborn infant. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 29:522-26
    • (1981) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.29 , pp. 522-526
    • Wood, M.1    Wood, A.J.2
  • 56
    • 0025139714 scopus 로고
    • Plasma protein binding of drugs in pregnancy and in neonates
    • Notarianni LJ. 1990. Plasma protein binding of drugs in pregnancy and in neonates. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 18:20-36
    • (1990) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.18 , pp. 20-36
    • Notarianni, L.J.1
  • 57
    • 0023969753 scopus 로고
    • The significance of plasma protein binding on the fetal/maternal distribution of drugs at steady-state
    • Hill MD, Abramson FP. 1988. The significance of plasma protein binding on the fetal/maternal distribution of drugs at steady-state. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 14:156-70
    • (1988) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.14 , pp. 156-170
    • Hill, M.D.1    Abramson, F.P.2
  • 58
    • 0020318252 scopus 로고
    • Plasma protein binding of drugs in pregnancy
    • Perucca E, Crema A. 1982. Plasma protein binding of drugs in pregnancy. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 7:336-52
    • (1982) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.7 , pp. 336-352
    • Perucca, E.1    Crema, A.2
  • 60
    • 0032410833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic exposure to morphine decreases physiologically active corticosterone in both male and female rats but by different mechanisms
    • Nock B, Cicero TJ, Wich M. 1998. Chronic exposure to morphine decreases physiologically active corticosterone in both male and female rats but by different mechanisms. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 286:875-82
    • (1998) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.286 , pp. 875-882
    • Nock, B.1    Cicero, T.J.2    Wich, M.3
  • 61
    • 0030015297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral first-pass elimination of midazolam involves both gastrointestinal and hepatic CYP3A-mediated metabolism
    • Thummel KE, O'Shea D, Paine MF, Shen DD, Kunze KL, et al. 1996. Oral first-pass elimination of midazolam involves both gastrointestinal and hepatic CYP3A-mediated metabolism. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 59:491-502
    • (1996) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.59 , pp. 491-502
    • Thummel, K.E.1    O'Shea, D.2    Paine, M.F.3    Shen, D.D.4    Kunze, K.L.5
  • 62
    • 0037421584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inheritance and drug response
    • Weinshilboum R. 2003. Inheritance and drug response. N. Engl. J. Med. 348:529-37
    • (2003) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.348 , pp. 529-537
    • Weinshilboum, R.1
  • 63
    • 0031891641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological changes during the menstrual cycle and their effects on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics of drugs
    • Kashuba A, Nafziger A. 1998. Physiological changes during the menstrual cycle and their effects on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics of drugs. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 34:203-18
    • (1998) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.34 , pp. 203-218
    • Kashuba, A.1    Nafziger, A.2
  • 64
    • 0036372506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra-individual variation and sex differences in gene expression of cytochromes P450 in circulating leukocytes
    • Finnstrom N, Ask B, Dahl ML, Gadd M, Rane A. 2002. Intra-individual variation and sex differences in gene expression of cytochromes P450 in circulating leukocytes. Pharmacogenomics J. 2:111-16
    • (2002) Pharmacogenomics J. , vol.2 , pp. 111-116
    • Finnstrom, N.1    Ask, B.2    Dahl, M.L.3    Gadd, M.4    Rane, A.5
  • 66
    • 0026708362 scopus 로고
    • Effect of age and gender on the activity of human hepatic CYP3A
    • Hunt CM, Westerkam WR, Stave GM. 1992. Effect of age and gender on the activity of human hepatic CYP3A. Biochem. Pharmacol. 44:275-83
    • (1992) Biochem. Pharmacol. , vol.44 , pp. 275-283
    • Hunt, C.M.1    Westerkam, W.R.2    Stave, G.M.3
  • 67
    • 0023925003 scopus 로고
    • Sex-related difference in oxidative metabolism of testosterone and erythromycin by hamster liver microsomes
    • Miura T, Komori M, Iwasaki M, Kurozumi K, Ohta K, et al. 1988. Sex-related difference in oxidative metabolism of testosterone and erythromycin by hamster liver microsomes. FEBSLett. 231:183-86
    • (1988) FEBSLett , vol.231 , pp. 183-186
    • Miura, T.1    Komori, M.2    Iwasaki, M.3    Kurozumi, K.4    Ohta, K.5
  • 68
  • 69
    • 0028237729 scopus 로고
    • Interindividual variations in human liver cytochrome P-450 enzymes involved in the oxidation of drugs, carcinogens and toxic chemicals: Studies with liver microsomes of 30 Japanese and 30 Caucasians
    • Shimada T, Yamazaki H, Mimura M, Inui Y, Guengerich FP. 1994. Interindividual variations in human liver cytochrome P-450 enzymes involved in the oxidation of drugs, carcinogens and toxic chemicals: studies with liver microsomes of 30 Japanese and 30 Caucasians. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 270: 414-23
    • (1994) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.270 , pp. 414-423
    • Shimada, T.1    Yamazaki, H.2    Mimura, M.3    Inui, Y.4    Guengerich, F.P.5
  • 70
    • 0029128788 scopus 로고
    • Age but not gender selectively affects expression of individual cytochrome P450 proteins in human liver
    • George J, Byth K, Farrell GC. 1995. Age but not gender selectively affects expression of individual cytochrome P450 proteins in human liver. Biochem. Pharmacol. 50:727-30
    • (1995) Biochem. Pharmacol. , vol.50 , pp. 727-730
    • George, J.1    Byth, K.2    Farrell, G.C.3
  • 72
    • 0036707620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sexual dimorphism and tissue specificity in the expression of CYP4F forms in Sprague Dawley rats
    • Kalsotra A, Anakk S, Boehme CL, Strobel HW. 2002. Sexual dimorphism and tissue specificity in the expression of CYP4F forms in Sprague Dawley rats. Drug Metab. Dispos. 30:1022-28
    • (2002) Drug Metab. Dispos. , vol.30 , pp. 1022-1028
    • Kalsotra, A.1    Anakk, S.2    Boehme, C.L.3    Strobel, H.W.4
  • 74
    • 0037102517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of the expression of two female-predominant CYP3A mRNAs (CYP3A-41 and CYP3A44) in mouse liver by sex and growth hormones
    • Sakuma T, Endo Y, Mashino M, Kuroiwa M, Ohara A, et al. 2002. Regulation of the expression of two female-predominant CYP3A mRNAs (CYP3A-41 and CYP3A44) in mouse liver by sex and growth hormones. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 404:234-42
    • (2002) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , vol.404 , pp. 234-242
    • Sakuma, T.1    Endo, Y.2    Mashino, M.3    Kuroiwa, M.4    Ohara, A.5
  • 75
    • 0029421767 scopus 로고
    • Differential regulation of cytochrome P450 3A1 and P450 3A2 in rat liver following dexamethasone treatment
    • Choudhuri S, Zhang XJ, Waskiewicz MJ, Thomas PE. 1995. Differential regulation of cytochrome P450 3A1 and P450 3A2 in rat liver following dexamethasone treatment. J. Biochem. Toxicol. 10:299-307
    • (1995) J. Biochem. Toxicol. , vol.10 , pp. 299-307
    • Choudhuri, S.1    Zhang, X.J.2    Waskiewicz, M.J.3    Thomas, P.E.4
  • 76
    • 0027946944 scopus 로고
    • The induction of five rat hepatic P450 cytochromes by phenobarbital and similarly acting compounds is regulated by a sexually dimorphic, dietary-dependent endocrine factor that is highly strain specific
    • Larsen MC, Brake PB, Parmar D, Jefcoate CR. 1994. The induction of five rat hepatic P450 cytochromes by phenobarbital and similarly acting compounds is regulated by a sexually dimorphic, dietary-dependent endocrine factor that is highly strain specific. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 315:24-34
    • (1994) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , vol.315 , pp. 24-34
    • Larsen, M.C.1    Brake, P.B.2    Parmar, D.3    Jefcoate, C.R.4
  • 77
    • 0026671184 scopus 로고
    • Sex-dependent expression and clofibrate inducibility of cytochrome P450 4A fatty acid omega-hydroxylases. Male specificity of liver and kidney CYP4A2 mRNA and tissue-specific regulation by growth hormone and testosterone
    • Sundseth SS, Waxman DJ. 1992. Sex-dependent expression and clofibrate inducibility of cytochrome P450 4A fatty acid omega-hydroxylases. Male specificity of liver and kidney CYP4A2 mRNA and tissue-specific regulation by growth hormone and testosterone. J. Biol. Chem. 267:3915-21
    • (1992) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.267 , pp. 3915-3921
    • Sundseth, S.S.1    Waxman, D.J.2
  • 78
    • 0032825471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytochrome P450 sex differences in minipigs and conventional pigs
    • Skaanild MT, Friis C. 1999. Cytochrome P450 sex differences in minipigs and conventional pigs. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 85:174-80
    • (1999) Pharmacol. Toxicol. , vol.85 , pp. 174-180
    • Skaanild, M.T.1    Friis, C.2
  • 79
    • 0018868749 scopus 로고
    • Intersubject and dose-related variability after intravenous administration of erythromycin
    • Austin KL, Mather LE, Philpot CR, McDonald PJ. 1980. Intersubject and dose-related variability after intravenous administration of erythromycin. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 10:273-79
    • (1980) Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.10 , pp. 273-279
    • Austin, K.L.1    Mather, L.E.2    Philpot, C.R.3    McDonald, P.J.4
  • 80
    • 0034750648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of the erythromycin breath test for in vivo assessments of cytochrome P4503A activity and dosage individualization
    • Chiou WL, Jeong HY, Wu TC, Ma C. 2001. Use of the erythromycin breath test for in vivo assessments of cytochrome P4503A activity and dosage individualization. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 70:305-10
    • (2001) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.70 , pp. 305-310
    • Chiou, W.L.1    Jeong, H.Y.2    Wu, T.C.3    Ma, C.4
  • 82
    • 0026732029 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of urinary 6-beta-cortisol and the erythromycin breath test as measures of hepatic P450IIIA (CYP3A) activity
    • Watkins PB, Turgeon DK, Saenger P, Lown KS, Kolars JC, et al. 1992. Comparison of urinary 6-beta-cortisol and the erythromycin breath test as measures of hepatic P450IIIA (CYP3A) activity. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 52:265-73
    • (1992) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.52 , pp. 265-273
    • Watkins, P.B.1    Turgeon, D.K.2    Saenger, P.3    Lown, K.S.4    Kolars, J.C.5
  • 84
    • 0027985506 scopus 로고
    • Use of midazolam as a human cytochrome P450 3A probe: II. Characterization of inter- and intraindividual hepatic CYP3A variability after liver transplantation
    • Thummel KE, Shen DD, Podoll TD, Kunze KL, Trager WF, et al. 1994. Use of midazolam as a human cytochrome P450 3A probe: II. Characterization of inter- and intraindividual hepatic CYP3A variability after liver transplantation. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 271:557-66
    • (1994) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.271 , pp. 557-566
    • Thummel, K.E.1    Shen, D.D.2    Podoll, T.D.3    Kunze, K.L.4    Trager, W.F.5
  • 85
    • 0028114619 scopus 로고
    • Use of midazolam as a human cytochrome P450 3A probe: I. In vitro-in vivo correlations in liver transplant patients
    • Thummel KE, Shen DD, Podoll TD, Kunze KL, Trager WF, et al. 1994. Use of midazolam as a human cytochrome P450 3A probe: I. In vitro-in vivo correlations in liver transplant patients. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 271:549-56
    • (1994) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.271 , pp. 549-556
    • Thummel, K.E.1    Shen, D.D.2    Podoll, T.D.3    Kunze, K.L.4    Trager, W.F.5
  • 86
    • 0031706585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantification of 3-month intraindividual variability and the influence of sex and menstrual cycle phase on CYP3A activity as measured by phenotyping with intravenous midazolam
    • Kashuba AD, Bertino JS Jr, Rocci ML Jr, Kulawy RW, Beck DJ, et al. 1998. Quantification of 3-month intraindividual variability and the influence of sex and menstrual cycle phase on CYP3A activity as measured by phenotyping with intravenous midazolam. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 64:269-77
    • (1998) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.64 , pp. 269-277
    • Kashuba, A.D.1    Bertino Jr., J.S.2    Rocci Jr., M.L.3    Kulawy, R.W.4    Beck, D.J.5
  • 87
    • 0007204117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Failure of erythromycin breath test to correlate with midazolam clearance as a probe of cytochrome P4503A
    • Kinirons MT, O'Shea D, Kim RB, Groopman JD, Thummel KE, et al. 1999. Failure of erythromycin breath test to correlate with midazolam clearance as a probe of cytochrome P4503A. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 66:224-31
    • (1999) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.66 , pp. 224-231
    • Kinirons, M.T.1    O'Shea, D.2    Kim, R.B.3    Groopman, J.D.4    Thummel, K.E.5
  • 90
    • 0024247094 scopus 로고
    • Effects of age, gender and oral contraceptives on intramuscular midazolam pharmacokinetics
    • Holazo AA, Winkler MB, Patel IH. 1988. Effects of age, gender and oral contraceptives on intramuscular midazolam pharmacokinetics. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 28:1040-45
    • (1988) J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.28 , pp. 1040-1045
    • Holazo, A.A.1    Winkler, M.B.2    Patel, I.H.3
  • 91
    • 0031980664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of age and gender on the optimal premedication dose of intramuscular midazolam
    • Nishiyama T, Matsukawa T, Hanaoka K. 1998. The effects of age and gender on the optimal premedication dose of intramuscular midazolam. Anesth. Analg. 86:1103-8
    • (1998) Anesth. Analg. , vol.86 , pp. 1103-1108
    • Nishiyama, T.1    Matsukawa, T.2    Hanaoka, K.3
  • 93
    • 0022646256 scopus 로고
    • Absence of interaction of cimetidine and ranitidine with intravenous and oral midazolam
    • Greenblatt DJ, Locniskar A, Scavone JM, Blyden GT, Ochs HR, et al. 1986. Absence of interaction of cimetidine and ranitidine with intravenous and oral midazolam. Anesth. Analg. 65:176-80
    • (1986) Anesth. Analg. , vol.65 , pp. 176-180
    • Greenblatt, D.J.1    Locniskar, A.2    Scavone, J.M.3    Blyden, G.T.4    Ochs, H.R.5
  • 94
    • 0028113492 scopus 로고
    • Interpatient heterogeneity in expression of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 in small bowel. Lack of prediction by the erythromycin breath test
    • Lown KS, Kolars JC, Thummel KE, Barnett JL, Kunze KL, et al. 1994. Interpatient heterogeneity in expression of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 in small bowel. Lack of prediction by the erythromycin breath test. Drug Metab. Dispos. 22:947-55
    • (1994) Drug Metab. Dispos. , vol.22 , pp. 947-955
    • Lown, K.S.1    Kolars, J.C.2    Thummel, K.E.3    Barnett, J.L.4    Kunze, K.L.5
  • 95
    • 0029960192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug interactions and interindividual variability of ciclosporin metabolism in the small intestine
    • Lampen A, Christians U, Bader A, Hackbarth I, Sewing KF. 1996. Drug interactions and interindividual variability of ciclosporin metabolism in the small intestine. Pharmacology. 52:159-68
    • (1996) Pharmacology , vol.52 , pp. 159-168
    • Lampen, A.1    Christians, U.2    Bader, A.3    Hackbarth, I.4    Sewing, K.F.5
  • 96
    • 0029788148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are cytochrome P450 3A enzymes in the small intestine responsible for different cyclosporine metabolite patterns in stable male and female renal allograft recipients after co-administration of diltiazem?
    • Christians U, Bleck JS, Lampen A, Bader A, Thiesemann C, et al. 1996. Are cytochrome P450 3A enzymes in the small intestine responsible for different cyclosporine metabolite patterns in stable male and female renal allograft recipients after co-administration of diltiazem? Transplant. Proc. 28:2159-61
    • (1996) Transplant. Proc. , vol.28 , pp. 2159-2161
    • Christians, U.1    Bleck, J.S.2    Lampen, A.3    Bader, A.4    Thiesemann, C.5
  • 97
  • 98
    • 0037261288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population analyses of sustained-release verapamil in patients: Effects of sex, race, and smoking
    • Kang D, Verotta D, Krecic-Shepard ME, Modi NB, Gupta SK, et al. 2003. Population analyses of sustained-release verapamil in patients: effects of sex, race, and smoking. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 73:31-40
    • (2003) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.73 , pp. 31-40
    • Kang, D.1    Verotta, D.2    Krecic-Shepard, M.E.3    Modi, N.B.4    Gupta, S.K.5
  • 99
    • 0036138883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of verapamil and norverapamil from controlled release floating pellets in humans
    • Sawicki W. 2002. Pharmacokinetics of verapamil and norverapamil from controlled release floating pellets in humans. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 53:29-35
    • (2002) Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. , vol.53 , pp. 29-35
    • Sawicki, W.1
  • 100
    • 0027420653 scopus 로고
    • The effects of age and gender on the stereoselective pharmacokinetics of verapamil
    • Sasaki M, Tateishi T, Ebihara A. 1993. The effects of age and gender on the stereoselective pharmacokinetics of verapamil. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 54:278-85
    • (1993) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.54 , pp. 278-285
    • Sasaki, M.1    Tateishi, T.2    Ebihara, A.3
  • 101
    • 0036881095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex-related differences in the clearance of cytochrome P450 3A4 substrates may be caused by P-glycoprotein
    • Cummins CL, Wu CY, Benet LZ. 2002. Sex-related differences in the clearance of cytochrome P450 3A4 substrates may be caused by P-glycoprotein. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 72:474-89
    • (2002) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.72 , pp. 474-489
    • Cummins, C.L.1    Wu, C.Y.2    Benet, L.Z.3
  • 102
    • 0029616617 scopus 로고
    • Interindividual variation in expression of P-glycoprotein in normal human liver and secondary hepatic neoplasms
    • Schuetz EG, Furuya KN, Schuetz JD. 1995. Interindividual variation in expression of P-glycoprotein in normal human liver and secondary hepatic neoplasms. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 275:1011-18
    • (1995) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.275 , pp. 1011-1018
    • Schuetz, E.G.1    Furuya, K.N.2    Schuetz, J.D.3
  • 103
    • 0036290013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How important are gender differences in pharmacokinetics?
    • Meibohm B, Beierle I, Derendorf H. 2002. How important are gender differences in pharmacokinetics? Clin. Pharmacokinet. 41:329-42
    • (2002) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.41 , pp. 329-342
    • Meibohm, B.1    Beierle, I.2    Derendorf, H.3
  • 104
    • 0038284015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in the membrane transport of endogenous and exogenous compounds
    • Morris ME, Lee HJ, Predko LM. 2003. Gender differences in the membrane transport of endogenous and exogenous compounds. Pharmacol. Rev. 55:229-40
    • (2003) Pharmacol. Rev. , vol.55 , pp. 229-240
    • Morris, M.E.1    Lee, H.J.2    Predko, L.M.3
  • 105
    • 0037679084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between the cytochrome P450 system and the second-generation antipsychotics
    • Prior TI, Baker GB. 2003. Interactions between the cytochrome P450 system and the second-generation antipsychotics. J. Psychiatry Neurosci. 28:99-112
    • (2003) J. Psychiatry Neurosci. , vol.28 , pp. 99-112
    • Prior, T.I.1    Baker, G.B.2
  • 106
    • 0035189653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytochrome P450 2D6 genotyping and association with tardive dyskinesia in Chinese schizophrenic patients
    • Lam LC, Garcia-Barcelo MM, Ungvari GS, Tang WK, Lam VK, et al. 2001. Cytochrome P450 2D6 genotyping and association with tardive dyskinesia in Chinese schizophrenic patients. Pharmacopsychiatry 34:238-41
    • (2001) Pharmacopsychiatry , vol.34 , pp. 238-241
    • Lam, L.C.1    Garcia-Barcelo, M.M.2    Ungvari, G.S.3    Tang, W.K.4    Lam, V.K.5
  • 107
    • 0037803539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How useful is the "cocktail approach" for evaluating human hepatic drug metabolizing capacity using cytochrome P450 phenotyping probes in vivo?
    • Tanaka E, Kurata N, Yasuhara H. 2003. How useful is the "cocktail approach" for evaluating human hepatic drug metabolizing capacity using cytochrome P450 phenotyping probes in vivo? J. Clin. Pharm. Ther. 28:157-65
    • (2003) J. Clin. Pharm. Ther. , vol.28 , pp. 157-165
    • Tanaka, E.1    Kurata, N.2    Yasuhara, H.3
  • 108
    • 0033837621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No sex-related differences but significant inhibition by oral contraceptives of CYP2C19 activity as measured by the probe drugs mephenytoin and omeprazole in healthy Swedish white subjects
    • Laine K, Tybring G, Bertilsson L. 2000. No sex-related differences but significant inhibition by oral contraceptives of CYP2C19 activity as measured by the probe drugs mephenytoin and omeprazole in healthy Swedish white subjects. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 68:151-59
    • (2000) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.68 , pp. 151-159
    • Laine, K.1    Tybring, G.2    Bertilsson, L.3
  • 110
    • 0035201360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and safety of oral eletriptan during different phases of the menstrual cycle in healthy volunteers
    • Shah AK, Laboy-Goral L, Scott N, Morse T, Apseloff G. 2001. Pharmacokinetics and safety of oral eletriptan during different phases of the menstrual cycle in healthy volunteers. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 41:1339-44
    • (2001) J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.41 , pp. 1339-1344
    • Shah, A.K.1    Laboy-Goral, L.2    Scott, N.3    Morse, T.4    Apseloff, G.5
  • 111
    • 0034963104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of gender differences and large intrasubject variability in cytochrome P450 activity measured by phenotyping with dextromethorphan
    • McCune JS, Lindley C, Decker JL, Williamson KM, Meadowcroft AM, et al. 2001. Lack of gender differences and large intrasubject variability in cytochrome P450 activity measured by phenotyping with dextromethorphan. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 41:723-31
    • (2001) J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.41 , pp. 723-731
    • McCune, J.S.1    Lindley, C.2    Decker, J.L.3    Williamson, K.M.4    Meadowcroft, A.M.5
  • 114
    • 0029880041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of menopause and hormone replacement therapies on prednisolone and erythromycin pharmacokinetics
    • Harris RZ, Tsunoda SM, Mroczkowski P, Wong H, Benet LZ. 1996. The effects of menopause and hormone replacement therapies on prednisolone and erythromycin pharmacokinetics. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 59:429-35
    • (1996) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.59 , pp. 429-435
    • Harris, R.Z.1    Tsunoda, S.M.2    Mroczkowski, P.3    Wong, H.4    Benet, L.Z.5
  • 116
    • 0025882185 scopus 로고
    • Sex, age and alfentanil pharmacokinetics
    • Rubio A, Cox C. 1991. Sex, age and alfentanil pharmacokinetics. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 21:81-82
    • (1991) Clin. Pharmacokinet. , vol.21 , pp. 81-82
    • Rubio, A.1    Cox, C.2
  • 118
    • 17544387018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population pharmacokinetics of propofol: A multicenter study
    • Schuttler J, Ihmsen H. 2000. Population pharmacokinetics of propofol: a multicenter study. Anesthesiology 92:727-38
    • (2000) Anesthesiology , vol.92 , pp. 727-738
    • Schuttler, J.1    Ihmsen, H.2
  • 120
    • 0036446611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of gender on the pharmacokinetics of drugs secreted by the renal organic anions transport systems in the rat
    • Cerrutti JA, Quaglia NB, Brandoni A, Torres AM. 2002. Effects of gender on the pharmacokinetics of drugs secreted by the renal organic anions transport systems in the rat. Pharmacol. Res. 45:107-12
    • (2002) Pharmacol. Res. , vol.45 , pp. 107-112
    • Cerrutti, J.A.1    Quaglia, N.B.2    Brandoni, A.3    Torres, A.M.4
  • 121
    • 0036302956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in p-aminohippuric acid transport in rat kidney: Role of membrane fluidity and expression of OAT1
    • Cerrutti JA, Brandoni A, Quaglia NB, Torres AM. 2002. Sex differences in p-aminohippuric acid transport in rat kidney: role of membrane fluidity and expression of OAT1. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 233:175-79
    • (2002) Mol. Cell. Biochem. , vol.233 , pp. 175-179
    • Cerrutti, J.A.1    Brandoni, A.2    Quaglia, N.B.3    Torres, A.M.4
  • 122
    • 0035897080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the elimination between perfluorinated fatty acids with different carbon chain length in rats
    • Kudo N, Suzuki E, Katakura M, Ohmori K, Noshiro R, et al. 2001. Comparison of the elimination between perfluorinated fatty acids with different carbon chain length in rats. Chem. Biol. Interact. 134:203-16
    • (2001) Chem. Biol. Interact. , vol.134 , pp. 203-216
    • Kudo, N.1    Suzuki, E.2    Katakura, M.3    Ohmori, K.4    Noshiro, R.5
  • 123
    • 0031734360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of sex differences on the renal secretion of organic anions
    • Reyes JL, Melendez E, Alegria A, Jaramillo-Juarez F. 1998. Influence of sex differences on the renal secretion of organic anions. Endocrinology 139:1581-87
    • (1998) Endocrinology , vol.139 , pp. 1581-1587
    • Reyes, J.L.1    Melendez, E.2    Alegria, A.3    Jaramillo-Juarez, F.4
  • 124
  • 125
    • 0027197696 scopus 로고
    • Gender and age as factors in the inhibition of renal clearance of amantadine by quinine and quinidine
    • Gaudry SE, Sitar DS, Smyth DD, McKenzie JK, Aoki FY. 1993. Gender and age as factors in the inhibition of renal clearance of amantadine by quinine and quinidine. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 54:23-27
    • (1993) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.54 , pp. 23-27
    • Gaudry, S.E.1    Sitar, D.S.2    Smyth, D.D.3    McKenzie, J.K.4    Aoki, F.Y.5
  • 127
    • 0028848415 scopus 로고
    • Age and gender related changes in stereoselective pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of verapamil and norverapamil
    • Gupta SK, Atkinson L, Tu T, Longstreth JA. 1995. Age and gender related changes in stereoselective pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of verapamil and norverapamil. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 40:325-31
    • (1995) Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.40 , pp. 325-331
    • Gupta, S.K.1    Atkinson, L.2    Tu, T.3    Longstreth, J.A.4
  • 128
    • 0037414402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in drug-and non-drug-induced analgesia
    • Craft RM. 2003. Sex differences in drug-and non-drug-induced analgesia. Life Sci. 72:2675-88
    • (2003) Life Sci. , vol.72 , pp. 2675-2688
    • Craft, R.M.1
  • 129
    • 0030152338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender variations in clinical pain experience
    • Unruh AM. 1996. Gender variations in clinical pain experience. Pain 65:123-67
    • (1996) Pain , vol.65 , pp. 123-167
    • Unruh, A.M.1
  • 130
    • 0345390233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does gender affect appraisal of pain and pain coping strategies?
    • Unruh AM, Ritchie J, Merskey H. 1999. Does gender affect appraisal of pain and pain coping strategies? Clin. J. Pain 15:31-40
    • (1999) Clin. J. Pain , vol.15 , pp. 31-40
    • Unruh, A.M.1    Ritchie, J.2    Merskey, H.3
  • 131
    • 0031404362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in pain
    • Berkley K. 1997. Sex differences in pain. Behav. Brain Sci. 20:371-80
    • (1997) Behav. Brain Sci. , vol.20 , pp. 371-380
    • Berkley, K.1
  • 132
    • 0034565986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex, gender, and pain: Women and men really are different
    • Fillingim R. 2000. Sex, gender, and pain: women and men really are different. Curr. Rev. Pain 4:24-30
    • (2000) Curr. Rev. Pain , vol.4 , pp. 24-30
    • Fillingim, R.1
  • 133
    • 0038662987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in opioid analgesia: "from mouse to man"
    • Craft RM. 2003. Sex differences in opioid analgesia: "from mouse to man." Clin. J. Pain 19:175-86
    • (2003) Clin. J. Pain , vol.19 , pp. 175-186
    • Craft, R.M.1
  • 134
    • 0033756927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in morphine analgesia: An experimental study in healthy volunteers
    • discussion 6A
    • Sarton E, Olofsen E, Romberg R, den Hartigh J, Kest B, et al. 2000. Sex differences in morphine analgesia: an experimental study in healthy volunteers. Anesthesiology 93:1245-54; discussion 6A
    • (2000) Anesthesiology , vol.93 , pp. 1245-1254
    • Sarton, E.1    Olofsen, E.2    Romberg, R.3    Den Hartigh, J.4    Kest, B.5
  • 136
    • 0035427469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in opioid antinociception: Kappa and mixed action agonists
    • Craft RM, Bemal SA. 2001. Sex differences in opioid antinociception: kappa and mixed action agonists. Drug Alcohol Depend. 63:215-28
    • (2001) Drug Alcohol Depend. , vol.63 , pp. 215-228
    • Craft, R.M.1    Bemal, S.A.2
  • 137
    • 0043128601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Side effects of opioids during short-term administration: Effect of age, gender, and race
    • a. Cepeda MS, Farrar JT, Baumgarten M, Boston R, Carr DB, et al. 2003. Side effects of opioids during short-term administration: effect of age, gender, and race. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 74:102-12
    • (2003) Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.74 , pp. 102-112
    • Cepeda, M.S.1    Farrar, J.T.2    Baumgarten, M.3    Boston, R.4    Carr, D.B.5
  • 138
    • 0032569709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in cocaine- and nicotine-induced antinociception in the rat
    • Craft RM, Millholland RB. 1998. Sex differences in cocaine- and nicotine-induced antinociception in the rat. Brain Res. 809:137-40
    • (1998) Brain Res. , vol.809 , pp. 137-140
    • Craft, R.M.1    Millholland, R.B.2
  • 139
  • 141
    • 0030816457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in N-methyl-D-aspartate involvement in kappa opioid and non-opioid predator-induced analgesia in mice
    • Kavaliers M, Choleris E. 1997. Sex differences in N-methyl-D-aspartate involvement in kappa opioid and non-opioid predator-induced analgesia in mice. Brain Res. 768:30-36
    • (1997) Brain Res. , vol.768 , pp. 30-36
    • Kavaliers, M.1    Choleris, E.2
  • 142
    • 18144434752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in cardiovascular and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to psychological stress in healthy older adult men and women
    • Traustadottir T, Bosch PR, Matt KS. 2003. Gender differences in cardiovascular and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to psychological stress in healthy older adult men and women. Stress 6:133-40
    • (2003) Stress , vol.6 , pp. 133-140
    • Traustadottir, T.1    Bosch, P.R.2    Matt, K.S.3
  • 143
    • 0028100933 scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in GABA/benzodiazepine receptor changes and corticosteroine release after acute stress in rats
    • Wilson MA, Biscardi R. 1994. Sex differences in GABA/benzodiazepine receptor changes and corticosteroine release after acute stress in rats. Exp. Brain Res. 101:297-306
    • (1994) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.101 , pp. 297-306
    • Wilson, M.A.1    Biscardi, R.2
  • 144
    • 0242417471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in drug effects: Implications for anesthesiologists
    • Pleym H, Spigset O, Kharasch ED, Dale O. 2003. Gender differences in drug effects: implications for anesthesiologists. Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand. 47:241-59
    • (2003) Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand. , vol.47 , pp. 241-259
    • Pleym, H.1    Spigset, O.2    Kharasch, E.D.3    Dale, O.4
  • 145
    • 0031798736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose-response curve and time-course of effect of vecuronium in male and female patients
    • Xue FS, Liao X, Liu JH, Tong SY, Zhang YM, et al. 1998. Dose-response curve and time-course of effect of vecuronium in male and female patients. Br. J. Anaesth. 80:720-24
    • (1998) Br. J. Anaesth. , vol.80 , pp. 720-724
    • Xue, F.S.1    Liao, X.2    Liu, J.H.3    Tong, S.Y.4    Zhang, Y.M.5
  • 146
    • 0027359041 scopus 로고
    • The initial clinical experience of 1819 physicians in maintaining anesthesia with propofol: Characteristics associated with prolonged time to awakening
    • Apfelbaum JL, Grasela TH, Hug CC Jr, McLeskey CH, Nahrwold ML, et al. 1993. The initial clinical experience of 1819 physicians in maintaining anesthesia with propofol: characteristics associated with prolonged time to awakening. Anesth. Analg. 77:S10-14
    • (1993) Anesth. Analg. , vol.77
    • Apfelbaum, J.L.1    Grasela, T.H.2    Hug Jr., C.C.3    McLeskey, C.H.4    Nahrwold, M.L.5
  • 147
    • 0035143454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in the pharmacokinetics of propofol in elderly patients during and after continuous infusion
    • Vuyk J, Oostwouder CJ, Vletter AA, Burm AG, Bovill JG. 2001. Gender differences in the pharmacokinetics of propofol in elderly patients during and after continuous infusion. Br. J. Anaesth. 86:183-88
    • (2001) Br. J. Anaesth. , vol.86 , pp. 183-188
    • Vuyk, J.1    Oostwouder, C.J.2    Vletter, A.A.3    Burm, A.G.4    Bovill, J.G.5
  • 148
    • 0032937576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Women emerge from general anesthesia with propofol/alfentanil/nitrous oxide faster than men
    • Gan TJ, Glass PS, Sigl J, Sebel P, Payne F, et al. 1999. Women emerge from general anesthesia with propofol/alfentanil/nitrous oxide faster than men. Anesthesiology 90:1283-87
    • (1999) Anesthesiology , vol.90 , pp. 1283-1287
    • Gan, T.J.1    Glass, P.S.2    Sigl, J.3    Sebel, P.4    Payne, F.5
  • 149
    • 0021820420 scopus 로고
    • Gender-related differences in diazepam effects on performance
    • Palva ES. 1985. Gender-related differences in diazepam effects on performance. Med. Biol. 63:92-95
    • (1985) Med. Biol. , vol.63 , pp. 92-95
    • Palva, E.S.1
  • 150
    • 0036073794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pharmacologic treatment of depression: Is gender a critical factor?
    • Yonkers KA, Brawman-Mintzer O. 2002. The pharmacologic treatment of depression: is gender a critical factor? J. Clin. Psychiatry 63:610-15
    • (2002) J. Clin. Psychiatry , vol.63 , pp. 610-615
    • Yonkers, K.A.1    Brawman-Mintzer, O.2
  • 151
    • 0026529727 scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of psychotropic medication
    • Yonkers KA, Kando JC, Cole JO, Blumenthal S. 1992. Gender differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of psychotropic medication. Am. J. Psychiatry 149:587-95
    • (1992) Am. J. Psychiatry , vol.149 , pp. 587-595
    • Yonkers, K.A.1    Kando, J.C.2    Cole, J.O.3    Blumenthal, S.4
  • 152
    • 0027751862 scopus 로고
    • The inclusion of women in psychopharmacologic trials
    • Yonkers KA, Harrison W. 1993. The inclusion of women in psychopharmacologic trials. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 13:380-82
    • (1993) J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. , vol.13 , pp. 380-382
    • Yonkers, K.A.1    Harrison, W.2
  • 153
    • 0020043938 scopus 로고
    • Pimozide in the treatment of newly admitted schizophrenic patients
    • Chouinard G, Annable L. 1982. Pimozide in the treatment of newly admitted schizophrenic patients. Psychopharmacology 76:13-19
    • (1982) Psychopharmacology , vol.76 , pp. 13-19
    • Chouinard, G.1    Annable, L.2
  • 154
    • 0022670451 scopus 로고
    • A controlled clinical trial of fluspirilene, a long-acting injectable neuroleptic, in schizophrenic patients with acute exacerbation
    • Chouinard G, Annable L, Steinberg S. 1986. A controlled clinical trial of fluspirilene, a long-acting injectable neuroleptic, in schizophrenic patients with acute exacerbation. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 6:21-26
    • (1986) J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. , vol.6 , pp. 21-26
    • Chouinard, G.1    Annable, L.2    Steinberg, S.3
  • 155
    • 0033955194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in depression and antidepressant pharmacokinetics and adverse events
    • Frackiewicz EJ, Sramek JJ, Cutler NR. 2000. Gender differences in depression and antidepressant pharmacokinetics and adverse events. Ann. Pharmacother. 34:80-88
    • (2000) Ann. Pharmacother. , vol.34 , pp. 80-88
    • Frackiewicz, E.J.1    Sramek, J.J.2    Cutler, N.R.3
  • 156
    • 0032732512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between ritonavir plasma levels and side effects: Implications for therapeutic drug monitoring
    • Gatti G, Di Biagio A, Casazza R, De Pascalis C, Bassetti M, et al. 1999. The relationship between ritonavir plasma levels and side effects: implications for therapeutic drug monitoring. AIDS 13:2083-89
    • (1999) AIDS , vol.13 , pp. 2083-2089
    • Gatti, G.1    Di Biagio, A.2    Casazza, R.3    De Pascalis, C.4    Bassetti, M.5
  • 157
    • 0037192573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of recurrent toxicity-driven switches of highly active antiretroviral therapy. The ATHENA cohort
    • Dieleman JP, Jambroes M, Gyssens IC, Sturkenboom MC, Stricker BH, et al. 2002. Determinants of recurrent toxicity-driven switches of highly active antiretroviral therapy. The ATHENA cohort. AIDS 16:737-45
    • (2002) AIDS , vol.16 , pp. 737-745
    • Dieleman, J.P.1    Jambroes, M.2    Gyssens, I.C.3    Sturkenboom, M.C.4    Stricker, B.H.5
  • 159
    • 0033587510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Highly active antiretroviral therapy in a large urban clinic: Risk factors for virologic failure and adverse drug reactions
    • Lucas GM, Chaisson RE, Moore RD. 1999. Highly active antiretroviral therapy in a large urban clinic: risk factors for virologic failure and adverse drug reactions. Ann. Intern. Med. 131:81-87
    • (1999) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.131 , pp. 81-87
    • Lucas, G.M.1    Chaisson, R.E.2    Moore, R.D.3
  • 160
    • 0030199251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse events from drug therapy for human immunodeficiency virus disease
    • Moore RD, Fortgang I, Keruly J, Chaisson RE. 1996. Adverse events from drug therapy for human immunodeficiency virus disease. Am. J. Med. 101:34-40
    • (1996) Am. J. Med. , vol.101 , pp. 34-40
    • Moore, R.D.1    Fortgang, I.2    Keruly, J.3    Chaisson, R.E.4
  • 161
    • 0034253002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences between women and men in adverse events and CD4+ responses to nucleoside analog therapy for HIV infection
    • Currier J, Spino C, Grimes J, Wofsy C, Katzenstein D, et al. 2000. Differences between women and men in adverse events and CD4+ responses to nucleoside analog therapy for HIV infection. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 24:316-24
    • (2000) J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. , vol.24 , pp. 316-324
    • Currier, J.1    Spino, C.2    Grimes, J.3    Wofsy, C.4    Katzenstein, D.5
  • 162
    • 1342339357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sex differences in zidovudine (ZDV) and lamivudine (3TC) triphosphate concentrations in HIV-infected patients
    • March 27-29, Cannes (Abstr. 53 P 7.2)
    • Anderson P, Kakuda T, Kawle S, Fletcher C. 2003. Sex differences in zidovudine (ZDV) and lamivudine (3TC) triphosphate concentrations in HIV-infected patients. 4th Int. Worksh. Clin. Pharmacol. HIV Ther., March 27-29, Cannes (Abstr. 53 P 7.2)
    • (2003) 4th Int. Worksh. Clin. Pharmacol. HIV Ther.
    • Anderson, P.1    Kakuda, T.2    Kawle, S.3    Fletcher, C.4
  • 164
    • 0037178329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Female sex but not ethnicity is a strong predictor of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-induced rash
    • Mazhude C, Jones S, Murad S, Taylor C, Easterbrook P. 2002. Female sex but not ethnicity is a strong predictor of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-induced rash. AIDS 16:1566-68
    • (2002) AIDS , vol.16 , pp. 1566-1568
    • Mazhude, C.1    Jones, S.2    Murad, S.3    Taylor, C.4    Easterbrook, P.5
  • 165
    • 0035903010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Female sex and the use of anti-allergic agents increase the risk of developing cutaneous rash associated with nevirapine therapy
    • Antinori A, Baldini F, Girardi E, Cingolani A, Zaccarelli M, et al. 2001. Female sex and the use of anti-allergic agents increase the risk of developing cutaneous rash associated with nevirapine therapy. AIDS 15:1579-80
    • (2001) AIDS , vol.15 , pp. 1579-1580
    • Antinori, A.1    Baldini, F.2    Girardi, E.3    Cingolani, A.4    Zaccarelli, M.5
  • 167
    • 0036472054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender and clinical outcomes after starting highly active antiretroviral treatment: A cohort study
    • Moore AL, Sabin CA, Johnson MA, Phillips AN. 2002. Gender and clinical outcomes after starting highly active antiretroviral treatment: a cohort study. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 29:197-202
    • (2002) J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. , vol.29 , pp. 197-202
    • Moore, A.L.1    Sabin, C.A.2    Johnson, M.A.3    Phillips, A.N.4
  • 168
    • 0035251403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in virologic response to treatment in an HIV-positive population: A cohort study
    • Moore AL, Mocroft A, Madge S, Devereux H, Wilson D, et al. 2001. Gender differences in virologic response to treatment in an HIV-positive population: a cohort study. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 26:159-63
    • (2001) J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. , vol.26 , pp. 159-163
    • Moore, A.L.1    Mocroft, A.2    Madge, S.3    Devereux, H.4    Wilson, D.5
  • 169
    • 0037378569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virologic, immunologic, and clinical response to highly active antiretroviral therapy: The gender issue revisited
    • Moore AL, Kirk O, Johnson AM, Katlama C, Blaxhult A, et al. 2003. Virologic, immunologic, and clinical response to highly active antiretroviral therapy: the gender issue revisited. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 32:452-61
    • (2003) J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. , vol.32 , pp. 452-461
    • Moore, A.L.1    Kirk, O.2    Johnson, A.M.3    Katlama, C.4    Blaxhult, A.5
  • 170
    • 0037436185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy in Spanish cohorts of HIV seroconverters: Differences by transmission category
    • Perez-Hoyos S, del Amo J, Muga R, del Romero J, Garcia de Olalla P, et al. 2003. Effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy in Spanish cohorts of HIV seroconverters: differences by transmission category. AIDS 17:353-59
    • (2003) AIDS , vol.17 , pp. 353-359
    • Perez-Hoyos, S.1    Del Amo, J.2    Muga, R.3    Del Romero, J.4    Garcia De Olalla, P.5
  • 171
    • 0034253002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences between women and men in adverse events and CD4+ responses to nucleoside analogue therapy for HIV infection
    • The Aids Clinical Trials Group 175 Team
    • Currier JS, Spino C, Grimes J, Wofs CB, Katzenstein DA, et al. 2000. Differences between women and men in adverse events and CD4+ responses to nucleoside analogue therapy for HIV infection. The Aids Clinical Trials Group 175 Team. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 24:316-24
    • (2000) J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. , vol.24 , pp. 316-324
    • Currier, J.S.1    Spino, C.2    Grimes, J.3    Wofs, C.B.4    Katzenstein, D.A.5
  • 172
    • 1342317984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender bias in clinical trials of AIDS drugs
    • Barcelona. Abstr. No. WePeB5964
    • Pardo M, Ruiz M, Gimeno A, Navarro L, Garcia A, et al. 2002. Gender bias in clinical trials of AIDS drugs. Presented at XIV Int. AIDS Conf., Barcelona. Abstr. No. WePeB5964
    • (2002) XIV Int. AIDS Conf.
    • Pardo, M.1    Ruiz, M.2    Gimeno, A.3    Navarro, L.4    Garcia, A.5
  • 173
    • 0035666654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do women have more adverse drug reactions?
    • Rademaker M. 2001. Do women have more adverse drug reactions? Am. J Clin. Dermatol. 2:349-51
    • (2001) Am. J Clin. Dermatol. , vol.2 , pp. 349-351
    • Rademaker, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.