Tachykinins and tachykinin receptors: A growing family

Life Sciences

Volumn 74, Issue 12, 2004, Pages 1445-1463

  Pennefather, Jocelyn N ^a   Lecci, Alessandro ^b   Candenas, M Luz ^c   Patak, Eva ^d   Pinto, Francisco M ^c   Maggi, Carlo Alberto ^b  

^a MONASH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b Menarini Ricerche SpA   (Italy)

^c CSIC JA USE Centro de Investigaciones Cientificas Isla de la Cartuja CICIC   (Spain)

^d ROYAL WOMEN'S HOSPITAL   (Australia)

Author keywords

Endokinins A, B, C, D; Neurokinin A; Neurokinin B; Substance P; Tachykinin receptors; Tachykinins

Indexed keywords

NEUROKININ A; NEUROKININ B; NEUROTRANSMITTER; SUBSTANCE P; TACHYKININ; TACHYKININ RECEPTOR;

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; HUMAN; MOLECULAR DYNAMICS; NERVE CELL; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; RECEPTOR BINDING; SHORT SURVEY; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

MAMMALIA;

EID: 0347914570     PISSN: 00243205     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2003.09.039     Document Type: Short Survey

References (135)

1. Aliakbari J., Sreedharan S.P., Turck C.W., Goetzl E.J. Selective localization of vasoactive intestinal peptide and substance P in human eosinophils. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 148(3):1987;1440-1445.
2. Altschul S.F., Madden T.L., Schaffer A.A., Zhang J., Zhang Z., Miller W., Lipman D.J. Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Research. 25(17):1997;3389-3402.
3. Bae S.J., Matsunaga Y., Takenaka M., Tanaka Y., Hamazaki Y., Shimizu K., Katayama I. Substance P induced preprotachykinin-a mRNA, neutral endopeptidase mRNA and substance P in cultured normal fibroblast. International Archives of Allergy and Immunology. 127(4):2002;316-321.
4. Bandari P.S., Qian J., Oh H.S., Potian J.A., Yehia G., Harrison J.S., Rameshwar P. Crosstalk between neurokinin receptors is relevant to hematopoietic regulation: cloning and characterization of neurokinin-2 promoter. Journal of Neuroimmunology. 138(1-2):2003;65-75.
5. Bandari P.S., Qian J., Yehia G., Joshi D.D., Maloof P.B., Potian J., Oh H.S., Gascon P., Harrison J.S., Rameshwar P. Hematopoietic growth factor inducible neurokinin-1 type: a transmembrane protein that is similar to neurokinin 1 interacts with substance P. Regulatory Peptides. 111(1-3):2003;169-178.
6. Bandari P.S., Qian J., Yehia G., Seegopaul H.P., Harrison J.S., Gascon P., Fernandes H., Rameshwar P. Differences in the expression of neurokinin receptor in neural and bone marrow mesenchymal cells: implications for neuronal expansion from bone marrow cells. Neuropeptides. 36(1):2002;13-21.
7. Baker S.J., Morris J.L., Gibbins I.L. Cloning of a C-terminally truncated NK-1 receptor from guinea-pig nervous system. Brain Research and Molecular Brain Research. 111(1-2):2003;136-147.
8. Bellucci F., Carini F., Catalani C., Cucchi P., Lecci A., Meini S., Patacchini R., Quartara L., Ricci R., Tramontana M. Giuliani S., Maggi C.A. Pharmacological profile of the novel mammalian tachykinin, hemokinin 1. British Journal of Pharmacology. 135(1):2002;266-274.
9. Buell G., Schulz M.F., Arkinstall S.J., Maury K., Missotten M., Adami N., Talabot F., Kawashima E. Molecular characterisation, expression and localisation of human neurokinin-3 receptor. FEBS Letters. 299(1):1992;90-95.
10. Burcher E., Alouan L.A., Johnson P.R., Black J.L. Neuropeptide gamma, the most potent contractile tachykinin in human isolated bronchus, acts via a 'non-classical' NK2 receptor. Neuropeptides. 20(2):1991;79-82.
11. Caberlotto L., Hurd Y.L., Murdock P., Wahlin J.P., Melotto S., Corsi M., Carletti R. Neurokinin 1 receptor and relative abundance of the short and long isoforms in the human brain. European Journal of Neurosciences. 17(9):2003;1736-1746.
12. Camarda V., Rizzi A., Calo G., Guerrini R., Salvadori S., Regoli D. Pharmacological profile of hemokinin 1: a novel member of the tachykinin family. Life Sciences. 71(4):2002;363-370.
13. Candenas M.L., Cintado C.G., Pennefather J.N., Pereda M.T., Loizaga J.M., Maggi C.A., Pinto F.M. Identification of a tachykinin NK (2) receptor splice variant and its expression in human and rat tissues. Life Sciences. 72(3):2002;269-277.
14. Candenas M.L., Magraner J., Armesto C.P., Anselmi E., Nieto P.M., Martin J.D., Advenier C., Pinto F.M. Changes in the expression of tachykinin receptors in the rat uterus during the course of pregnancy. Biology of Reproduction. 65(2):2001;538-543.
15. Cao Y.Q., Mantyh P.W., Carlson E., Gillespie A.M., Epstein C.J., Basbaum A.I. Primary afferent tachykinins are required to experience moderate to intense pain. Nature. 392(6674):1998;390-394.
16. Carr M.J., Hunter D.D., Jacoby D.B., Undem B.J. Expression of tachykinins in nonnociceptive vagal afferent neurons during respiratory viral infection in guinea-pigs. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 165(8):2002;1071-1075.
17. Carter M.S., Krause J.E. Structure, expression, and some regulatory mechanisms of the rat preprotachykinin gene encoding substance P, neurokinin A, neuropeptide K, and neuropeptide gamma. Journal of Neuroscience. 10(7):1990;2203-2214.
18. Chang M.M., Leeman S.E., Niall H.D. Aminoacid sequence of substance P. Nature. 232(29):1971;86-87.
19. Chavolla-Calderon M., Bayer M.K., Perez Fontan J.J. Bone marrow transplantation reveals an essential synergy between neuronal and hemopoietic cell neurokinin production in pulmonary inflammation. Journal of Clinical Investigations. 111(7):2003;973-980.
20. Chiwakata C., Brackmann B., Hunt N., Davidoff M., Schulze W., Ivell R. Tachykinin (substance-P) gene expression in Leydig cells of the human and mouse testis. Endocrinology. 128(5):1991;2441-2448.
21. Chu H.V., Kraft M., Krause J.E., Rex M.D., Martin R.J. Substance P and its receptor neurokinin 1 expression in asthmatic airways. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 106(4):2000;713-722.
22. Croci T., Aureggi G., Manara L., Emonds-Alt X., Le Fur G., Maffrand J.P., Mukenge S., Ferla G. In vitro characterization of tachykinin NK2-receptors modulating motor responses of human colonic muscle strips. British Journal of Pharmacology. 124(6):1998;1321-1327.
23. De Felipe C., Herrero J.F., O'Brien J.A., Palmer J.A., Doyle C.A., Smith A.J.H., Laird J.M.A., Belmonte C., Cervero F., Hunt S.P. Altered nociception, analgesia and aggression in mice lacking the receptor for substance P. Nature. 392(6674):1998;394-397.
24. Donaldson L.F., Haskell C.A., Hanley M.R. Functional characterization by heterologous expression of a novel cloned tachykinin peptide receptor. Biochemical Journal. 320(1):1996;1-5.
25. Erspamer V., Anastasi A. Structure and pharmacological actions of eledoisin, the active endecapeptide of the posterior salivary glands of Eledone. Experientia. 18(1):1962;58-59.
26. Felsenstein J. Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution. 39:1985;783-791.
27. Fioramonti J., Gaultier E., Toulouse M., Sanger G.J., Bueno L. Intestinal anti-nociceptive behaviour of NK3 receptor antagonism in conscious rats: evidence to support a peripheral mechanism of action. Neurogastroenterology and Motility. 15(4):2003;363-369.
28. Fong T.M., Anderson S.A., Yu H., Huang R.R.C., Strader C.D. Differential activation of intracellular effector by two isoforms of human neurokinin-1 receptor. Molecular Pharmacology. 41(1):1992;24-30.
29. Friess H., Zhu Z., Liard V., Shi X., Shrikhande S.V., Wang L., Lieb K., Korc M., Palma C., Zimmermann A., Reubi J.C., Buchler M.W. Neurokinin-1 receptor expression and its potential effects on tumor growth in human pancreatic cancer. Laboratory Investigations. 83(5):2003;731-742.
30. Gazi L., Nickolls S.A., Strange P.G. Functional coupling of the human dopamine D(2) receptor with Galpha(i1), Galpha(i2), Galpha(i3) and Galpha(o) G proteins: evidence for agonist regulation of G protein selectivity. British Journal of Pharmacology. 138(5):2003;775-786.
31. Gerard N.P., Bao L., Xiao-Ping H., Gerard C. Molecular aspects of the tachykinin receptors. Regulatory Peptides. 43(1-2):1993;21-35.
32. Gerard N.P., Eddy R.L. Jr., Shows T.B., Gerard C. The human neurokinin A (substance K) receptor. Molecular cloning of the gene, chromosome localization, and isolation of cDNA from tracheal and gastric tissues. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 265(33):1990;20455-20462.
33. Gerard N.P., Garraway L.A., Eddy R.L. Jr., Shows T.B., Iijima H., Paquet J.L., Gerard C. Human substance P receptor (NK-1): organization of the gene, chromosome localization, and functional expression of cDNA clones. Biochemistry. 30(44):1991;10640-10646.
34. Giolitti A., Altamura M., Bellucci F., Giannotti D., Meini S., Patacchini R., Rotondaro L., Zappitelli S., Maggi C.A. Monocyclic human tachykinin NK-2 receptor antagonists as evolution of a potent bicyclic antagonist: QSAR and site-directed mutagenesis studies. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 45(16):2002;3418-3429.
35. Goubillon M.L., Forsdike R.A., Robinson J.E., Ciofi P., Caraty A., Herbison A.E. Identification of Neurokinin B-expressing neurons as a highly estrogen-receptive, sexually dimorphic cell group in the ovine arcuate nucleus. Endocrinology. 141(11):2000;4218-4225.
36. Grant A.D., Akhtar R., Gerard N.P., Brain S.D. Neurokinin B induces oedema formation in mouse lung via tachykinin receptor-independent mechanisms. Journal of Physiology. 543(3):2002;1007-1114.
37. Gu Z., Steinmetz L.M., Gu X., Scharfe C., Davis R.W., Li W.H. Role of duplicate genes in genetic robustness against null mutations. Nature. 421(6918):2003;63-66.
38. Harmar A.J., Armstrong A., Pascall J.C., Chapman K., Rosie R., Curtis A., Going J., Edwards C.R., Fink G. cDNA sequence of human beta-preprotachykinin, the common precursor to substance P and neurokinin A. FEBS Letters. 208(1):1986;67-72.
39. Harmar A.J., Hyde V., Chapman K. Identification and cDNA sequence of delta-preprotachykinin, a fourth splicing variant of the rat substance P precursor. FEBS Letters. 275(1-2):1990;22-24.
40. Hastrup H., Schwartz T.W. Septide and neurokinin A are high affinity ligands on the NK-1 receptor: evidence from homologous versus heterologous binding analysis. FEBS Letters. 399(3):1996;264-266.
41. Hershey A.D., Dykema P.E., Krause J.E. Organization, structure, and expression of the gene encoding the rat substance P receptor. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 266(7):1991;4366-4374.
42. Ho W.Z., Lai J.P., Li Y., Douglas S.D. HIV enhances substance P expression in human immune cells. FASEB Journal. 16(6):2002;616-618.
43. Ho W.Z., Lai J.P., Zhu X.H., Uvaydova M., Douglas S.D. Human monocytes and macrophages express substance P and neurokinin-1 receptor. Journal of Immunolology. 159(11):1997;5654-5660.
44. Holmgren S., Jensen J. Evolution of vertebrate neuropeptides. Brain Research Bulletin. 55(6):2001;723-735.
45. Holzer P. Local effector functions of capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerve endings: involvement of tachykinins, calcitonin gene-related peptide and other neuropeptides. Neuroscience. 24(3):1988;739-768.
46. Holzer P., Holzer-Petsche U. Tachykinins in the gut. Part I. Expression, release and motor function. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 73(3):1997;173-217.
47. Hunter D.D., Myers A.C., Undem B.J. Nerve growth factor-induced phenotypic switch in guinea-pig airway sensory neurons. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 161(6):2000;1985-1990.
48. Jancso G., Kiraly E., Jancso-Gabor A. Pharmacologically induced selective degeneration of chemosensitive primary sensory neurones. Nature. 270(5639):1977;741-743.
49. Jiang Y., Gao G., Fang G., Gustafson E.L., Laverty M., Yin Y., Zhang Y., Luo J., Greene J.R., Bayne M.L., Hedrick J.A., Murgolo N.J. PepPat, a pattern-based oligopeptide homology search method and the identification of a novel tachykinin-like peptide. Mammalian Genome. 14(5):2003;341-349.
50. Kage R., McGregor G.P., Thim L., Conlon J.M. Neuropeptide-gamma: a peptide isolated from rabbit intestine that is derived from gamma- preprotachykinin. Journal of Neurochemistry. 50(5):1988;1412-1417.
51. Kangawa K., Minamino N., Fukuda A., Matsuo H. Neuromedin K: a novel mammalian tachykinin identified in porcine spinal cord. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 114(2):1983;533-540.
52. Khan I., Collins S.M. Fourth isoform of preprotachykinin messenger RNA encoding for substance P in the rat intestine. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 202(2):1994;796-802.
53. Kawaguchi Y., Hoshimaru M., Nawa H., Nakanishi S. Sequence analysis of cloned cDNA for rat substance P precursor: existence of a third substance P precursor. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 139(3):1986;1040-1046.
54. Kenakin T. Drug efficacy at G protein-coupled receptors. Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. 42:2002;349-379.
55. Kennedy P.G., Rodgers J., Bradley B., Hunt S.P., Gettinby G., Leeman S.E., De Felipe C., Murray M. Clinical and neuroinflammatory responses to meningoencephalitis in substance P receptor knockout mice. Brain. 126(7):2003;1683-1690.
56. Kotani H., Hoshimaru M., Nawa H., Nakanishi S. Structure and gene organization of bovine neuromedin K precursor. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences USA. 83(18):1986;7074-7078.
57. Krause J.E., Blount P., Sachais B.S. Molecular Biology of receptors. Structures, Expression and Regulatory Mechanisms. Buck S.H. The tachykinin receptors. 1994;165-218 Humana Press, Totowa.
58. Krause J.E., Chirgwin J.M., Carter M.S., Xu Z.S., Hershey A.D. Three rat preprotachykinin mRNAs encode the neuropeptides substance P and neurokinin A. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences USA. 84(3):1987;881-885.
59. Krause J.E., Staveteig P.T., Mentzer J.N., Schmidt S.K., Tucker J.B., Brodbeck R.M., Bu J.Y., Karpitskiy V.V. Functional expression of a novel human neurokinin-3 receptor homolog that binds [3H]senktide and [125I-MePhe7] neurokinin B, and is responsive to tachykinin peptide agonists. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences USA. 94(1):1997;310-315.
60. Kurtz M.M., Wang R., Clements M., Cascieri M., Austin C., Cunningham B., Chicchi G., Liu Q. Identification, localization and receptor characterization of novel mammalian substance P-like peptides. Gene. 296(1-2):2002;205-212.
61. Lai J.P., Douglas S.D., Ho W.-Z. Human lymphocytes express substance P and its receptor. Journal of Neuroimmunology. 86(1):1998;80-86.
62. Lander E.S.et al. Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome. Nature. 409(6822):2001;860-921.
63. Lecat S., Bucher B., Mely Y., Galzi J.L. Mutations in the extracellular amino-terminal domain of the NK2 neurokinin receptor abolish cAMP signaling but preserve intracellular calcium responses. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277(44):2002;42034-42048.
64. Lecci A., Maggi C.A. Tachykinins as modulators of the micturition reflex in the central and peripheral nervous system. Regulatory Peptides. 101(1-3):2001;1-18.
65. Lecci A., Maggi C.A. Peripheral tachykinin receptors as potential therapeutic targets in visceral diseases. Expert Opinion in Therapeutic Targets. 7(3):2003;343-362.
66. Lembeck F., Holzer P. Substance P as neurogenic mediator of antidromic vasodilation and neurogenic plasma extravasation. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Archives of Pharmacology. 310(2):1979;175-183.
67. Linnik M.D., Moskowitz M.A. Identification of immunoreactive substance P in human and other mammalian endothelial cells. Peptides. 10(5):1989;957-962.
68. Liu L., Shang F., Perry M.A., Comis A., Burcher E. Bufokinin: immunoreactivity, receptor localization and actions in toad intestine and mesenteric circulation. Peptides. 21(9):2000;1345-1354.
69. Lomax A.E., Furness J.B. Neurochemical classification of enteric neurons in the guinea-pig distal colon. Cell Tissue Research. 302(1):2000;59-72.
70. Lundberg J.M. Pharmacology of cotransmission in the autonomic nervous system: integrative aspects on amines, neuropeptides, adenosine triphosphate, amino acids and nitric oxide. Pharmacological Reviews. 48(1):1996;113-178.
71. MacDonald M.R., McCourt D.W., Krause J.E. Posttranslational processing of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-preprotachykinins. Cell-free translation and early posttranslational processing events. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 263(29):1988;15176-15183.
72. Maggi C.A. The pharmacology of the efferent function of sensory nerves. Journal of Autonomic Pharmacology. 11(3):1991;173-208.
73. Maggi C.A. The mammalian tachykinin receptors. General Pharmacology. 26(5):1995;911-944.
74. Maggi C.A. The effects of tachykinins on inflammatory and immune cells. Regulatory Peptides. 70(2-3):1997;75-90.
75. Maggi C.A. Principles of tachykininergic co-transmission in the peripheral and enteric nervous system. Regulatory Peptides. 93(1-3):2000;53-64.
76. Maggi C.A., Meli A. The sensory-efferent function of capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurons. General Pharmacology. 19(1):1988;1-43.
77. Maggi C.A., Schwartz T.W. The dual nature of the tachykinin NK1 receptor. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences. 18(10):1997;351-355.
78. Maghni K., Michoud M.C., Alles M., Rubin A., Govindaraju V., Meloche C., Martin J.G. Airway smooth muscle cells express functional neurokinin-1 receptors and the nerve-derived preprotachykinin-A gene: regulation by passive sensitization. American Journal of Respiratory and Cell Molecular Physiology. 28(1):2003;103-110.
79. Massi M., Panocka I., de Caro G. The psychopharmacology of tachykinin NK-3 receptors in laboratory animals. Peptides. 21(11):2000;1597-1609.
80. Meini S., Maggi C.A. Evidence for a capsaicin-sensitive, tachykinin-mediated component in the NANC contraction of the rat urinary bladder to nerve stimulation. British Journal of Pharmacology. 112(4):1994;1123-1131.
81. Minneman K.P. Splice variants of G protein-coupled receptors. Molecular Interventions. 1(1):2001;108-116.
82. Morteau O., Lu B., Gerard C., Gerard N.P. Hemokinin 1 is a full agonist at the substance P receptor. Nature Immunology. 2(12):2001;1088.
83. Moussaoui S.M., Le Prado N., Bonici B., Faucher D.C., Cuiné F., Laduron P.M., Garret C. Distribution of neurokinin B in rat spinal cord and peripheral tissues: comparison with neurokinin A and substance P and effects of neonatal capsaicin treatment. Neuroscience. 48(4):1992;969-978.
84. Mussap C.J., Geraghty D.P., Burcher E. Tachykinin receptors: a radioligand binding perspective. Journal of Neurochemistry. 60(6):1993;1987- 2009.
85. Myers A.C., Kajekar R., Undem B.J. Allergic inflammation-induced neuropeptide production in rapidly adapting afferent nerves in guinea-pig airways. American Journal of Physiology and Lung Molecular Physiology. 282(4):2002;L775-L781.
86. Nachman R.J., Moyna G., Williams H.J., Zabrocki J., Zadina J.E., Coast G.M., Varden Broeck J. Comparison of active conformations of the insectatachykinin/tachykinin and insect kinin/Tyr-W-MIF-1 neuropeptide family pairs. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 897:1999;388-400.
87. Nakanishi S. Mammalian tachykinin receptors. Annual Review of Neuroscience. 14:1991;123-136.
88. Naline E., Devillier P., Drapeau G., Toty L., Bakdach H., Regoli D., Advenier C. Characterization of neurokinin effects and receptor selectivity in human isolated bronchi. American Review of Respiratory Diseases. 140(3):1989;679-686.
89. Nassel D.R. Tachykinin-related peptides from invertebrates: a review. Peptides. 20(1):1999;141-158.
90. Nawa H., Kotani H., Nakanishi S. Tissue-specific generation of two preprotachykinin mRNAs from one gene by alternative RNA splicing. Nature. 312(5996):1984;729-734.
91. Neumann S., Doubell T.P., Leslie T., Woolf C.J. Inflammatory pain hypersensitivity mediated by phenotypic switch in myelinated primary sensory neurons. Nature. 384(6607):1996;360-364.
92. Nishimori K., Young L.J., Guo Q., Wang Z., Insel T.R., Matzuk M.M. Oxytocin is required for nursing but is not essential for parturition or reproductive behavior. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences USA. 93(21):1996;11699-11704.
93. Otsuka M., Yoshioka K. Neurotransmitter functions of mammalian tachykinins. Physiological Reviews. 73(2):1993;230-307.
94. Page N.M., Bell N.J. The human tachykinin NK1 (short form) and tachykinin NK4 receptor: a reappraisal. European Journal of Pharmacology. 437(1-2):2002;27-30.
95. Page N.M., Bell N.J., Gardiner S.M., Manyonda I.T., Brayley K.J., Strange P.G., Lowry P.J. Characterization of the endokinins: human tachykinins with cardiovascular activity. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences USA. 100(10):2003;6245-6250.
96. Page N.M., Woods R.J., Gardiner S.M., Lomthaisong K., Gladwell R.T., Butlin D.J., Manyonda I.T., Lowry P.J. Excessive placental secretion of neurokinin B during the third trimester causes pre-eclampsia. Nature. 405(6788):2000;797-800.
97. Palanche T., Ilien B., Zoffmann S., Reck M.P., Bucher B., Edelstein S.J., Galzi J.L. The neurokinin A receptor activates calcium and cAMP responses through distinct conformational states. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276(37):2001;34853-34861.
98. Pascual D.W., Bost K.L. Substance P production by P388D1 macrophages: a possible autocrine function for this neuropeptide. Immunology. 71(1):1990;52-56.
99. Patacchini R., Cox H.M., Stahl S., Tough I.R., Maggi C.A. Tachykinin NK(2) receptor mediates contraction and ion transport in rat colon by different mechanisms. European Journal of Pharmacology. 415(2-3):2001;277-283.
100. Patacchini R., De Giorgio R., Bartho L., Barbara G., Corinaldesi G., Maggi C.A. Evidence that tachykinins are the main NANC excitatory neurotransmitters in the guinea-pig common bile duct. British Journal of Pharmacology. 124(8):1998;1703-1711.
101. Patacchini R., Maggi C.A., Holzer P. Tachykinin autoreceptors in the gut. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences. 21(5):2000;166.
102. Patacchini R., Maggi C.A. Peripheral tachykinin receptors as targets for new drugs. European Journal of Pharmacology. 429(1-3):2001;13-21.
103. Patak E., Candenas M.L., Pennefather J.N., Ziccone S., Lilley A., Martín J.D., Flores C., Mantecón A.G., Pinto F.M. Tachykinins and tachykinin receptors in human uterus. British Journal of Pharmacology. 139(3):2003;523-532.
104. Patak E., Pennefather J.N., Fleming A., Story M.E. Functional characterization of tachykinin NK1 receptors in the mouse uterus. British Journal of Pharmacology. 137(8):2002;1247-1254.
105. Patak E.N., Pennefather J.N., Story M.E. Effects of tachykinins on uterine smooth muscle. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology. 27(11):2000;922-927.
106. Patak E.N., Ziccone S., Story M.E., Fleming A.J., Lilley A., Pennefather J.N. Activation of neurokinin NK(2) receptors by tachykinin peptides causes contraction of uterus in pregnant women near term. Molecular Human Reproduction. 6(6):2000;549-554.
107. Pennefather J.N., Zeng X.P., Gould D., Hall S., Burcher E. Mammalian tachykinins stimulate rat uterus by activating NK-2 receptors. Peptides. 14(2):1993;169-174.
108. Pintado C.O., Pinto F.M., Pennefather J.N., Hidalgo A., Baamonde A., Sanchez T., Candenas M.L. A Role for Tachykinins in Female Mouse and Rat Reproductive Function. Biology of Reproduction. 69(9):2003;940-946.
109. Pinto F.M., Cintado C.G., Devillier P., Candenas M.L. Expression of preprotachykinin-B, the gene that encodes neurokinin B, in the rat uterus. European Journal of Pharmacology. 425(2):2001;R1-R2.
110. Pinto F.M., Saulnier J.P., Faisy C., Naline E., Molimard M., Prieto L., Martin J.D., Emonds-Alt X., Advenier C., Candenas M.L. SR 142801, a tachykinin NK(3) receptor antagonist, prevents beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonist-induced hyperresponsiveness to neurokinin A in guinea-pig isolated trachea. Life Sciences. 72(3):2002;307-320.
111. Prat A., Picard P., Couture R. Cardiovascular and behavioural effects of centrally administered neuropeptide K in the rat: receptor characterization. British Journal of Pharmacology. 112(1):1994;250-256.
112. Rameshwar P. Substance P: a regulatory neuropeptide for hematopoiesis and immune functions. Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology. 85(2):1997;129-133.
113. Rameshwar P., Ganea D., Gascon P. In vitro stimulatory effect of substance P on hematopoiesis. Blood. 81(2):1993;391-398.
114. Rameshwar P., Gascon P. Bandari P.S., Joshi D.D. Structural similarity between the bone marrow extracellular matrix protein and neurokinin 1 could be the limiting factor in the hematopoietic effects of substance P. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. 80(5):2002;475-481.
115. Regoli D., Boudon A., Fauchere J.L. Receptors and antagonists for substance P and related peptides. Pharmacological Reviews. 46(4):1994;551-599.
116. Rosenkilde M.M., Cahir M., Gether U., Hjorth S.A., Schwartz T.W. Mutations along transmembrane segment II of the NK-1 receptor affect substance P competition with non-peptide antagonists but not substance P binding. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 269(45):1994;28160-28164.
117. Saffroy M., Torrens Y., Glowinski J. Beaujouan J.C. Presence of NK2 binding sites in the rat brain. Journal of Neurochemistry. 79(5):2001;985-996.
118. Saffroy M., Torrens Y., Glowinski J., Beaujouan J.C. Autoradiographic distribution of tachykinin NK2 binding sites in the rat brain: comparison with NK1 and NK3 binding sites. Neuroscience. 116(3):2003;761-773.
119. Saitou N., Nei M.T. The neighborjoining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 4(4):1987;406-425.
120. Severini C., Improta G., Falconieri-Erspamer G., Salvadori S., Erspamer V. The tachykinin peptide family. Pharmacological Reviews. 54(2):2002;285-322.
121. Simon C., Portalier P., Chamoin M.C., Ternaux J.P. Substance P like-immunoreactivity release from enterochromaffin cells of rat caecum mucosa. Inhibition by serotonin and calcium-free medium. Neurochemistry International. 20(4):1992;529-536.
122. Singh D., Joshi D.D., Hameed M., Qian J., Gascon P., Maloof P.B., Mosenthal A., Rameshwar P. Increased expression of preprotachykinin-I and neurokinin receptors in human breast cancer cells: implications for bone marrow metastasis. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences USA. 97(1):2000;388-393.
123. Siviter R.J., Coast G.M., Winther A.M., Nachman R.J., Taylor C.A., Shirras A.D., Coates D., Isaac R.E., Nassel D.R. Expression and functional characterization of a Drosophila neuropeptide precursor with homology to mammalian preprotachykinin A. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275(30):2000;23273-23280.
124. Stewart-Lee A., Burnstock G. Actions of tachykinins on the rabbit mesenteric artery: substance P and [Glp6,L-Pro9]SP6-11 are potent agonists for endothelial neurokinin-1 receptors. British Journal of Pharmacology. 97(4):1989;1218-1224.
125. Takahashi K., Tanaka A., Hara M., Nakanishi S. The primary structure and gene organization of human substance P and neuromedin K receptors. European Journal of Biochemistry. 204(3):1992;1025-1033.
126. Takeda Y., Chou K.B., Takeda J., Sachais B.S., Krause J.E. Molecular cloning, structural organization and functional expression of the human substance P receptor. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 179(3):1991;1232-1240.
127. Takeda Y., Takeda J., Smart B.M., Krause J.E. Regional distribution of neuropeptide gamma and other tachykinin peptides derived from the substance P gene in the rat. Regulatory Peptides. 28(3):1990;323-333.
128. Tatemoto K., Lundberg J.M., Jornvall H., Mutt V. Neuropeptide K: isolation, structure and biological activities of a novel brain tachykinin. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 128(2):1985;947-953.
129. Tsuchida K., Shigemoto R., Yokota Y., Nakanishi S. Tissue distribution and quantitation of the mRNAs for three rat tachykinin receptors. European Journal of Biochemistry. 193(3):1990;751-757.
130. Ueda N., Muramatsu I., Taniguchi T., Nakanishi S., Fujiwara M. Effects of neurokinin A, substance P and electrical stimulation on the rabbit iris sphincter muscle. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 239(2):1986;494-499.
131. Van Giersbergen P.L., Shatzer S.A., Burcher E., Buck S.H. Comparison of the effects of neuropeptide K and neuropeptide gamma with neurokinin A at NK2 receptors in the hamster urinary bladder. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Archives of Pharmacology. 345(1):1992;51-56.
132. Venter C.et al. The sequence of the human genome. Science. 291(5507):2001;1304-1351.
133. Villar A.V., Goni F.M., Alonso A., Jones D.R., Leon Y., Varela-Nieto I. Phospholipase cleavage of glycosylphosphatidylinositol reconstituted in liposomal membranes. FEBS Letters. 432(3):1998;150-154.
134. Waterston R.H.et al. Initial sequencing and comparative analysis of the mouse genome. Nature. 420(6915):2002;520-562.
135. Zhang Y., Lu L., Furlonger C., Wu G.E., Paige C.J. Hemokinin is a hematopoietic-specific tachykinin that regulates B lymphopoiesis. Nature Immunology. 1(5):2000;392-397.