Near-field scanning optical microscopy probes: A comparison of pulled and double-etched bent NSOM probes for fluorescence imaging of biological samples

Journal of Microscopy

Volumn 211, Issue 1, 2003, Pages 37-47

  Burgos, P ^a,b   Lu, Z ^a   Ianoul, A ^a   Hnatovsky, C ^a   Viriot, M L ^b   Johnston, L J ^a   Taylor, R S ^a  

^a NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA   (Canada)

^b CNRS   (France)

Author keywords

Fluorescence; NSOM; Optical probes; Phospholipid monolayers

Indexed keywords

FLUORESCENCE IMAGING; GERMANIUM OXIDES; ION BEAMS; MONOLAYERS; OPTICAL FIBER FABRICATION; OPTICAL FIBERS; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; PROBES;

APERTURE SIZES; BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS; BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES; FLUORESCENCE IMAGING; NEAR-FIELD OPTICAL PROBES; NEARFIELD SCANNING OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; NSOM PROBES; OPTICAL PROBE; PHOSPHOLIPID MONOLAYERS; TRANSMISSION EFFICIENCY;

EFFICIENCY;

CHOLESTEROL; DIPALMITOYLPHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE; PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE; SPHINGOMYELIN; MICROSPHERE; PHOSPHOLIPID; POLYMER;

ARTICLE; DISPERSION; PHASE SEPARATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCANNING NEAR FIELD OPTICAL MICROSCOPY; SIGNAL NOISE RATIO; SPECTRAL SENSITIVITY; ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; CHEMISTRY; COMPARATIVE STUDY; FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY; INSTRUMENTATION; METHODOLOGY; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY; SPECTROFLUOROMETRY;

MICROSCOPY, ATOMIC FORCE; MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON, SCANNING; MICROSCOPY, FLUORESCENCE; MICROSCOPY, SCANNING PROBE; MICROSPHERES; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; POLYMERS; SPECTROMETRY, FLUORESCENCE;

EID: 0043231284     PISSN: 00222720     EISSN: 13652818     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2818.2003.01197.x     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Barbara, P.F., Adams, D.M. & O'Connor, D.B. (1999) Characterization of organic thin film materials with near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM). Ann. Rev. Mater. Sci. 29, 433-469.
2. Bethe, H. (1944) Theory of diffraction by small holes. Phys. Rev. 66, 163-182.
3. Betzig, E. & Trautman, J.K. (1992) Near-field optics: microscopy, spectroscopy and surface modification beyond the diffraction limit. Science, 257, 189-195.
4. Betzig, E., Trautman, J.K., Harris, T.D., Weiner, J.S. & Kostelak, R.L. (1991) Breaking the diffraction barrier: optical microscopy on a nanometric scale. Science, 251, 1468-1470.
5. Dietrich, C., Bagatolli, L.A., Volovyk, Z.N., Thompson, N.L., Levi, M., Jacobson, K. & Gratton, E. (2001) Lipid rafts reconstituted in model membranes. Biophys. J. 80, 1417-1428.
6. Dunn, R.C. (1999) Near-field scanning optical microscopy. Chem. Rev. 99, 2891-2928.
7. Gucciardi, P.G., Colocci, M., Labardi, M. & Allegrini, M. (1999) Thermal-expansion effects in near-field optical microscopy fiber probes induced by laser light absorption. Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 3408-3410.
8. Held, T., Emonin, S., Marti, O. & Hollricher, O. (2000) Method to produce high-resolution scanning near-field optical microscope probes by beveling optical fibers. Rev. Sci. Inst. 71, 3118-3122.
9. Hollars, C.W. & Dunn, R.C. (1997) Submicron fluorescence, topology, and compliance measurements of phase-separated lipid monolayers using tapping-mode near-field scanning optical microscopy. J. Phys. Chem. B, 101, 6313-6317.
10. Hollars, C.W. & Dunn, R.C. (1998) Submicron structure in 1-dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine monolayers and bilayers probed with confocal, atomicforce, and near-field microscopy. Biophys. J. 75, 342-353.
11. Hwang, J., Tamm, L.K., Bohm, C., Ramalingam, T.S., Betzig, E. & Edidin, M. (1995) Nanoscale complexity of phospholipid monolayers investigated by near-field scanning optical microscopy. Science, 270, 610-613.
12. Jiang, S., Tomita, N., Oshawa, H. & Ohtsu, M. (1991) A photon scanning tunneling microscope using an AlGaAs laser. Jpn J. Appl. Phys. 30, 2107-2111.
13. Kwak, K.J., Hosokawa, T., Yamamoto, N., Maramatsu, H. & Fujihira, M. (2001) Near-field fluorescence imaging and simultaneous observation of surface potentials. J. Microsc. 202, 413-419.
14. Lacoste, T., Huser, T., Prioli, R. & Heinzelmann, H. (1998) Contrast enhancement using polarization-modulation scanning near-field optical microscopy (PM-SNOM). Ultramicroscopy, 71, 333-340.
15. Lambelet, P., Sayah, A., Pfeffer, M., Philipona, C. & Marquis-Weible, F. (1998) Chemically etched fiber tips for near-field optical microscopy: a process for smoother tips. Appl. Opt. 37, 7289-7292.
16. Lewis, A., Radko, A., Ami, N.B., Palanker, D. & Lieberman, K. (1999) Near-field scanning optical microscopy in biology. Trends Cell Biol. 9, 70-73.
17. Madsen, S., Holme, N.C.R., Ramanujam, P.S., Hvilsted, S., Hvam, J.M. & Smith, S.J. (1998) Optimizing the fabrication of aluminium coated fibre probes and their application to optical near-Geld lithography. Ultramicroscopy, 71, 65-71.
18. Mannelquist, A., Iwamoto, H., Szabo, G. & Shao, Z. (2002) Near field optical microscopy in aqueous solution: implementation and characterization of vibrating probe. J. Microsc. 205, 53-60.
19. Muramatsu, H., Chiba, N., Umemoto, T., Homma, K., Nakajima, K., Ataka, T., Ohta, S., Kusumi, A. & Fujihira, M. (1995) Development of near-field optic/atomic-force microscope for biological materials in aqueous solutions. Ultmmicroscopy, 61, 265-269.
20. Muramatsu, H., Chiba, N., Yamamoto, N., Homma, K., Ataka, T., Shigeno, M., Monobe, H. & Fujihara, M. (1998) Multi-functional SNOM/AFM probe with accurately controlled low spring constant. Ultramicroscopy, 71, 73-79.
21. Novotny, L., Pohl, D.W. & Hecht, B. (1995) Scanning near-field optical probe with ultrasmall spot size. Opt. Lett. 9, 970-972.
22. Pangaribuan, T., Yamada, K., Jiang, S., Ohsawa, H. & Ohtsu, M. (1992) Reproducible fabrication technique of nanometric tip diameter fiber for photon scanning tunneling microscope. Jpn. J. Appl Phys. 31, 1302-1304.
23. Saiki, T., Mononobe, S., Ohtsu, M., Saito, N. & Kusano, J. (1996) Tailoring a high-transmission fiber probe for photon scanning tunneling microscope. Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 2612-2614.
24. Stabelin, M., Bopp, M.A., Tarrach, G., Meixner, AJ. & Zschokke-Granacher, I. (1996) Temperature profile of fiber tips used in scanning near-field optical microscopy. Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 2603-2605.
25. Stockle, R.M., Fokas, C., Deckert, V., Zenobi, R., Sick, B., Hecht, B. & Wild, P. (1999) High-quality near-field optical probes by tube etching. Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 160-162.
26. Talley, C.E., Cooksey, G.A. & Dunn, R.C. (1996) High resolution fluorescence imaging with cantilevered near-field fiber optic probes. Appl. Phys. Lett. 69, 3809-3811.
27. Taylor, R.S. & Leopold, K.E. (1998) Scanning probe optical microscopy of evanescent fields. Rev. Sci. Inst. 68, 2981-2987.
28. Taylor, R.S. & Leopold, K.E. (1999) Combined AFM-NSOM scanning probe microscopy for photonic application. Microsc. Analy. May, 15-17.
29. Taylor, R.S., Leopold, K.E., Wendman, M., Gurley, G. & Elings, V. (1997) Bent-fiber near-field scanning optical microscopy probes for use with commercial atomic-force microscopes. SPIE, 3009, 119-129.
30. Taylor, R.S., Li, J. & Phaneuf, M. (1999) Comparison of focused ion-beam hole drilling and slicing for NSOM aperture formation. In: Near-Field Optics: Principles mid Applications, 2nd Asia-Pacific Workshop on Near Field Optics (eds, X. Zhu & M. Ohtsu). World Scientific, Beijing, pp. 181-187.
31. Valaskovic, G.A., Holton, M. & Morrison, G.H. (1995) Parameter control, characterization, and optimization in the fabrication of optical fiber near-field probes. Appl. Opt. 34, 1215-1228.
32. Veerman, J.A., Otter, A.M., Kuipers, L. & van Hulst, N.F. (1998) High definition aperture probes for near-field optical microscopy fabricated by focused ion beam milling. Appl. Phys. Lett. 72, 3114-3117.
33. Yatsui, T., Kourogi, M. & Ohtsu, M. (1998) Increasing throughout of a near field optical fiber probe over 1000 times by the use of a triple-tapered structure. Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 2090-2092.
34. Yuan, C., Furlong, J., Burgos, P. & Johnston, L.J. (2002) The size of lipid rafts: an atomic force microscopy study of ganglioside GM1 domains in sphingomyelin/DOPC/cholesterol membranes. Biophys. J. 82, 2526-2535.
35. Yuan, C. & Johnston, L.J. (2000) Distribution of ganglioside GM1 in 1-α-dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol monolayers: a model for lipid rafts. Biophys. J. 79, 2768-2781.
36. Yuan, C. & Johnston, L.J. (2002) Phase evolution in cholesterol/DPPC monolayers: AFM and NSOM studies. J. Microsc. 205, 136-146.