메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 39, Issue 4, 2000, Pages 255-270

Pharmacokinetics of artemisinin-type compounds

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTEETHER; ARTELINIC ACID; ARTEMETHER; ARTEMISININ DERIVATIVE; ARTESUNATE; DIHYDROARTEMISININ; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 0033760106     PISSN: 03125963     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/00003088-200039040-00002     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (193)

References (123)
  • 1
    • 0023110445 scopus 로고
    • The chemistry, pharmacology, and clinical applications of qinghaosu (artemisinin) and its derivatives
    • Luo XD, Shen CC. The chemistry, pharmacology, and clinical applications of qinghaosu (artemisinin) and its derivatives. Med Res Rev 1987; 7: 29-52
    • (1987) Med Res Rev , vol.7 , pp. 29-52
    • Luo, X.D.1    Shen, C.C.2
  • 2
    • 0029090654 scopus 로고
    • Artesunate: A review of its pharmacology and therapeutic efficacy in treatment of malaria
    • Barraddl LB, Fitton A. Artesunate: a review of its pharmacology and therapeutic efficacy in treatment of malaria. Drugs 1995: 50 (4): 714-41
    • (1995) Drugs , vol.50 , Issue.4 , pp. 714-741
    • Barraddl, L.B.1    Fitton, A.2
  • 3
    • 0029843392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical pharmacology and therapeutic potential of artemisinin and its derivatives in the treatment of malaria
    • de Vries PJ, Dien TK. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutic potential of artemisinin and its derivatives in the treatment of malaria. Drugs 1996; 52 (6): 818-36
    • (1996) Drugs , vol.52 , Issue.6 , pp. 818-836
    • De Vries, P.J.1    Dien, T.K.2
  • 4
    • 0033178249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and metabolism in early drug discovery
    • Smith DA, van de Waterbeemd H. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism in early drug discovery. Curr Opin Chem Biol 1999; 3: 373-8
    • (1999) Curr Opin Chem Biol , vol.3 , pp. 373-378
    • Smith, D.A.1    Van De Waterbeemd, H.2
  • 5
    • 0030879988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rat biliary excretion of dihydroartemisinin, an antimalarial endoperoxide
    • Maggs JL, Madden S, Bishop LP, et al. The rat biliary excretion of dihydroartemisinin, an antimalarial endoperoxide. Drug Metab Dispos 1997; 25 (10): 1200-4
    • (1997) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.25 , Issue.10 , pp. 1200-1204
    • Maggs, J.L.1    Madden, S.2    Bishop, L.P.3
  • 6
    • 0031679973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the effect of malaria infection on hepatic clearance of dihydroartemisinin using rat liver perfusions and microsomes
    • Batty KT, Ilett KF, Edwards G, et al. Assessment of the effect of malaria infection on hepatic clearance of dihydroartemisinin using rat liver perfusions and microsomes. Br J Pharmacol 1998; 125(1): 159-67
    • (1998) Br J Pharmacol , vol.125 , Issue.1 , pp. 159-167
    • Batty, K.T.1    Ilett, K.F.2    Edwards, G.3
  • 7
    • 0032862673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of artemether-lumefantrine
    • White NJ, van Vugt M, Ezzet F. Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of artemether-lumefantrine. Clin Pharmacokinet 1999; 37 (2): 105-25
    • (1999) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.37 , Issue.2 , pp. 105-125
    • White, N.J.1    Van Vugt, M.2    Ezzet, F.3
  • 8
    • 0025678872 scopus 로고
    • The pharmacokinetics of artemisinin after oral, intramuscular and rectal administration to volunteers
    • Titulaer HA, Zuidema J, Kager PA, et al. The pharmacokinetics of artemisinin after oral, intramuscular and rectal administration to volunteers. J Pharm Pharmacol 1990; 42 (11): 810-3
    • (1990) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.42 , Issue.11 , pp. 810-813
    • Titulaer, H.A.1    Zuidema, J.2    Kager, P.A.3
  • 9
    • 0031959993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Artemisinin pharmacokinetics in healthy adults after 250, 500 and 1000 mg single oral doses
    • Ashton M, Gordi T, Trinh Nh, et al. Artemisinin pharmacokinetics in healthy adults after 250, 500 and 1000 mg single oral doses. Biopharm Drug Dispos 1998; 19: 245-50
    • (1998) Biopharm Drug Dispos , vol.19 , pp. 245-250
    • Ashton, M.1    Gordi, T.2    Trinh, Nh.3
  • 10
    • 0031886621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Artemisinin population pharmacokinetics in children and adults with uncomplicated falciparum malaria
    • Sidhu JS, Ashton M, Huong NV, et al. Artemisinin population pharmacokinetics in children and adults with uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1998; 45: 347-54
    • (1998) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.45 , pp. 347-354
    • Sidhu, J.S.1    Ashton, M.2    Huong, N.V.3
  • 11
    • 0031954715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Artemisinin kinetics and dynamics during oral and rectal treatment of uncomplicated malaria
    • Ashton M, Sy ND, Van Huong N, et al. Artemisinin kinetics and dynamics during oral and rectal treatment of uncomplicated malaria. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1998; 63 (4): 482-93
    • (1998) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.63 , Issue.4 , pp. 482-493
    • Ashton, M.1    Sy, N.D.2    Van Huong, N.3
  • 12
    • 0031683961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pharmacokinetics of artemisinin suppositories in Vietnamese patients with malaria
    • Koopmans R, Duc DD, Kager PA, et ai. The pharmacokinetics of artemisinin suppositories in Vietnamese patients with malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1998; 92: 434-6
    • (1998) Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg , vol.92 , pp. 434-436
    • Koopmans, R.1    Duc, D.D.2    Kager, P.A.3
  • 13
    • 0344267699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pharmacokinetics of artemisinin after administration of two different suppositories to healthy Vietnamese subjects
    • Koopmans R, Ha LD, Duc DD, et al. The pharmacokinetics of artemisinin after administration of two different suppositories to healthy Vietnamese subjects. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1999; 60: 244-7
    • (1999) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.60 , pp. 244-247
    • Koopmans, R.1    Ha, L.D.2    Duc, D.D.3
  • 14
    • 0031825738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative pharmacokinetic study of oral and rectal formulations of artesunic acid in healthy volunteers
    • Navaratnam V, Mansor SM, Mordi MN, et al. Comparative pharmacokinetic study of oral and rectal formulations of artesunic acid in healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1998; 54: 411-4
    • (1998) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.54 , pp. 411-414
    • Navaratnam, V.1    Mansor, S.M.2    Mordi, M.N.3
  • 15
    • 0006901844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rational use of qinghaosu and its derivatives: What is the future of new compounds?
    • Looareesuwan S, Wilairatana P. The rational use of qinghaosu and its derivatives: what is the future of new compounds? Med Trop 1998; 58 Suppl. 3: 89S-92S
    • (1998) Med Trop , vol.58 , Issue.3 SUPPL.
    • Looareesuwan, S.1    Wilairatana, P.2
  • 16
    • 0033084698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose findings of dihydroartemisinin in treatment of falciparum malaria
    • Li GQ, Wang XH, Gui XB, et al. Dose findings of dihydroartemisinin in treatment of falciparum malaria. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1999; 30 (1): 17-9
    • (1999) Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 17-19
    • Li, G.Q.1    Wang, X.H.2    Gui, X.B.3
  • 17
    • 0031867419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of three different dihydroartemisinin formulations for the treatment of acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Thailand
    • Wilairatana P, Chanthavanich P, Singhasivanon P, et al. A comparison of three different dihydroartemisinin formulations for the treatment of acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Thailand. Int J Parasitol 1998; 28: 1213-8
    • (1998) Int J Parasitol , vol.28 , pp. 1213-1218
    • Wilairatana, P.1    Chanthavanich, P.2    Singhasivanon, P.3
  • 18
    • 0029972618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of acute, uncomplicated falciparum malaria with oral dihydroartemisinin
    • Looareesuwan S, Wilairatana P, Vanijanonta S, et al. Treatment of acute, uncomplicated falciparum malaria with oral dihydroartemisinin. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1996; 90: 21-8
    • (1996) Ann Trop Med Parasitol , vol.90 , pp. 21-28
    • Looareesuwan, S.1    Wilairatana, P.2    Vanijanonta, S.3
  • 19
    • 0031911977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of dihydroartemisinin arteether, artemether, artesunic and arteline acid in rats
    • Li Q-G, Peggins JO, Fleckenstein LL, et al. The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of dihydroartemisinin arteether, artemether, artesunic and arteline acid in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 1998; 50: 173-82
    • (1998) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.50 , pp. 173-182
    • Li, Q.-G.1    Peggins, J.O.2    Fleckenstein, L.L.3
  • 20
    • 0026079169 scopus 로고
    • Determination of the antimalarial arteether and its deethylated metabolite dihydroartemisinin in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with reductive electrochemical detection
    • Melendez V, Peggins JO, Brewer TG, et al. Determination of the antimalarial arteether and its deethylated metabolite dihydroartemisinin in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with reductive electrochemical detection. J Pharmacol Sci 1991; 80: 132-8
    • (1991) J Pharmacol Sci , vol.80 , pp. 132-138
    • Melendez, V.1    Peggins, J.O.2    Brewer, T.G.3
  • 21
    • 0033369819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arteether toxicokinetics and pharmacokinetics in rats after 25 mg/kg/day single and multiple doses
    • Li Q-G, Brueckner RP, Peggins JO, et al. Arteether toxicokinetics and pharmacokinetics in rats after 25 mg/kg/day single and multiple doses. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 1999; 24 (3): 213-23
    • (1999) Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet , vol.24 , Issue.3 , pp. 213-223
    • Li, Q.-G.1    Brueckner, R.P.2    Peggins, J.O.3
  • 22
    • 0003359728 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of sodium artesunate after im and iv administration
    • Benakis A, Paris M, Plessas C, et al. Pharmacokinetics of sodium artesunate after im and iv administration [abstract]. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1993; 49 Suppl.: 293
    • (1993) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.49 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 293
    • Benakis, A.1    Paris, M.2    Plessas, C.3
  • 23
    • 0031963524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of intravenous vs oral artesunate in uncomplicated falciparum malaria
    • Batty KT, Thu LT, Davis TM, et al. A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of intravenous vs oral artesunate in uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1998; 45: 123-9
    • (1998) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.45 , pp. 123-129
    • Batty, K.T.1    Thu, L.T.2    Davis, T.M.3
  • 24
    • 0031758826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics study of artesunate for vivax malaria
    • Batty KT, Le AT, Ilett KF, et al. A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics study of artesunate for vivax malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1998; 59: 823-7
    • (1998) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.59 , pp. 823-827
    • Batty, K.T.1    Le, A.T.2    Ilett, K.F.3
  • 25
    • 0034065696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimalarial bioavailability and disposition of artesunate in acute falciparum malaria
    • Newton P, Suputtamongkol Y, Teja-Isavadharm P, et al. Antimalarial bioavailability and disposition of artesunate in acute falciparum malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000; 44: 972-7
    • (2000) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.44 , pp. 972-977
    • Newton, P.1    Suputtamongkol, Y.2    Teja-Isavadharm, P.3
  • 26
    • 0029852334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative bioavailability of rectal, rectal, and intramuscular artemethcr in healthy subjects: Use of simultaneous measurement by high performance liquid chromatography and bioassay
    • Teja-Isavadharm P, Nosten F, Kyle DE, et al. Comparative bioavailability of rectal, rectal, and intramuscular artemethcr in healthy subjects: use of simultaneous measurement by high performance liquid chromatography and bioassay. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1996; 42: 599-604
    • (1996) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.42 , pp. 599-604
    • Teja-Isavadharm, P.1    Nosten, F.2    Kyle, D.E.3
  • 27
    • 0030786432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of oral and intramuscular artemether
    • Karbwang J, Na-Bangchang K, Congpuong K, et al. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of oral and intramuscular artemether. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1997; 52: 307-10
    • (1997) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.52 , pp. 307-310
    • Karbwang, J.1    Na-Bangchang, K.2    Congpuong, K.3
  • 28
    • 12644318782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The disposition of intramuscular artemether in children with cerebral malaria: A preliminary study
    • Murphy SA, Mberu E, Muhia D, et al. The disposition of intramuscular artemether in children with cerebral malaria: a preliminary study. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1997; 91 (3): 331-4
    • (1997) Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg , vol.91 , Issue.3 , pp. 331-334
    • Murphy, S.A.1    Mberu, E.2    Muhia, D.3
  • 29
    • 0021871541 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic fate of qinghaosu in rats: A new tlc densitometric method for its determination in biological material
    • Niu X, Ho L, Ren Z, et al. Metabolic fate of qinghaosu in rats: a new tlc densitometric method for its determination in biological material. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 1985; 10: 55-9
    • (1985) Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet , vol.10 , pp. 55-59
    • Niu, X.1    Ho, L.2    Ren, Z.3
  • 31
    • 0024451252 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of absorption and distribution of artemether in rats using a thin layer chromatography scanning technique
    • Jiang JR, Zou CD, Shu HL, et al. Assessment of absorption and distribution of artemether in rats using a thin layer chromatography scanning technique. Acta Pharmacol Sin 1989; 10 (5): 431-4
    • (1989) Acta Pharmacol Sin , vol.10 , Issue.5 , pp. 431-434
    • Jiang, J.R.1    Zou, C.D.2    Shu, H.L.3
  • 34
    • 0021216905 scopus 로고
    • Determination of artesunate and dihydroartemisinin in plasma by liquid chromatography with post-column derivatization and UV detection
    • Edlund PO, Westerlund D, Carlqvist J, et al. Determination of artesunate and dihydroartemisinin in plasma by liquid chromatography with post-column derivatization and UV detection. Acta Pharm Sci 1984; 21: 223-34
    • (1984) Acta Pharm Sci , vol.21 , pp. 223-234
    • Edlund, P.O.1    Westerlund, D.2    Carlqvist, J.3
  • 36
    • 0031805447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacology and toxicology of artelinic acid: Preclinical investigations on pharmacokinetics, metabolism, protein and red blood cell binding, and acute and anorectic toxicities
    • Li QG, Peggins JO, Lin AJ, et al. Pharmacology and toxicology of artelinic acid: preclinical investigations on pharmacokinetics, metabolism, protein and red blood cell binding, and acute and anorectic toxicities. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1998; 92 (3): 332-40
    • (1998) Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg , vol.92 , Issue.3 , pp. 332-340
    • Li, Q.G.1    Peggins, J.O.2    Lin, A.J.3
  • 37
    • 0031059859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro interaction of artemisinin with intact human erythrocytes, erythrocyte ghosts, haemoglobin and carbonic anhydrase
    • Bakhshi HB, Gordi T, Ashton M. In vitro interaction of artemisinin with intact human erythrocytes, erythrocyte ghosts, haemoglobin and carbonic anhydrase. J Pharm Pharmacol 1997: 49 (2): 223-6
    • (1997) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.49 , Issue.2 , pp. 223-226
    • Bakhshi, H.B.1    Gordi, T.2    Ashton, M.3
  • 38
    • 0021284125 scopus 로고
    • 3H]dihydroartemisinin by erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium falciparum in vitro
    • 3H]dihydroartemisinin by erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1984; 78 (2): 265-70
    • (1984) Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg , vol.78 , Issue.2 , pp. 265-270
    • Gu, H.M.1    Warhurst, D.C.2    Peters, W.3
  • 39
    • 0028436058 scopus 로고
    • The interaction of artemisinin with red cell membranes
    • Asawamahasakda W, Benakis A, Meshnick SR. The interaction of artemisinin with red cell membranes. J Lab Clin Med 1994; 123 (5): 757-62
    • (1994) J Lab Clin Med , vol.123 , Issue.5 , pp. 757-762
    • Asawamahasakda, W.1    Benakis, A.2    Meshnick, S.R.3
  • 40
    • 0026529424 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of arteether with the red blood cell in vitro and its possible importance in the interpretation of plasma concentrations in vivo
    • Edwards G, Ward S, Breckenridge A. Interaction of arteether with the red blood cell in vitro and its possible importance in the interpretation of plasma concentrations in vivo. J Pharm Pharmacol 1991; 44: 280-1
    • (1991) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.44 , pp. 280-281
    • Edwards, G.1    Ward, S.2    Breckenridge, A.3
  • 41
    • 0020201219 scopus 로고
    • The binding of qinghaosu (artemisinine) and its derivatives to plasma protein
    • Li WH, Shu HL, Xu GY, et al. The binding of qinghaosu (artemisinine) and its derivatives to plasma protein [in Chinese]. Acta Pharmacol Sin 1982; 17: 783-6
    • (1982) Acta Pharmacol Sin , vol.17 , pp. 783-786
    • Li, W.H.1    Shu, H.L.2    Xu, G.Y.3
  • 42
    • 0026487301 scopus 로고
    • The binding of the antimalarial arteether to human plasma proteins in vitro
    • Wanwimolruk S, Edwards G, Ward SA, et al. The binding of the antimalarial arteether to human plasma proteins in vitro. J Pharm Pharmacol 1992; 44 (11): 940-2
    • (1992) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.44 , Issue.11 , pp. 940-942
    • Wanwimolruk, S.1    Edwards, G.2    Ward, S.A.3
  • 43
    • 0025739165 scopus 로고
    • Effect of Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection on the plasma concentration of alpha-acid glycoprotein and the binding of quinine in Malawian children
    • Mansor SM, Molyneux ME, Taylor TE, et al. Effect of Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection on the plasma concentration of alpha-acid glycoprotein and the binding of quinine in Malawian children. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1991; 32: 317-21
    • (1991) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.32 , pp. 317-321
    • Mansor, S.M.1    Molyneux, M.E.2    Taylor, T.E.3
  • 44
    • 0032860379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Binding of artemether and lumefantrine to plasma proteins and erythrocytes
    • Colussi D, Parisot C, Legay F, et al. Binding of artemether and lumefantrine to plasma proteins and erythrocytes. Eur J Pharm Sci 1999; 9(1): 9-16
    • (1999) Eur J Pharm Sci , vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp. 9-16
    • Colussi, D.1    Parisot, C.2    Legay, F.3
  • 45
    • 0027182356 scopus 로고
    • Alkylation of human albumin by the antimalarial artemisinin
    • Yang YZ, Asawamahasakda W, Meshnick SR. Alkylation of human albumin by the antimalarial artemisinin. Biochem Pharmacol 1993; 46 (2): 336-9
    • (1993) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.46 , Issue.2 , pp. 336-339
    • Yang, Y.Z.1    Asawamahasakda, W.2    Meshnick, S.R.3
  • 46
    • 0027935551 scopus 로고
    • Alkylation of proteins by artemisinin: Effects of heme, pH, and drug structure
    • Yang YZ, Little B, Meshnick SR. Alkylation of proteins by artemisinin: effects of heme, pH, and drug structure. Biochem Pharmacol 1994; 48 (3): 569-73
    • (1994) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.48 , Issue.3 , pp. 569-573
    • Yang, Y.Z.1    Little, B.2    Meshnick, S.R.3
  • 47
    • 0023235531 scopus 로고
    • High-performance liquid chromatography determination of artemisinin in human plasma and saliva
    • Zhao S. High-performance liquid chromatography determination of artemisinin in human plasma and saliva. Analyst 1987; 112: 661-4
    • (1987) Analyst , vol.112 , pp. 661-664
    • Zhao, S.1
  • 48
    • 0022635736 scopus 로고
    • Application of precolumn reaction to highperformance liquid chromatography of qinghaosu in animal plasma
    • Zhao S, Zeng M-Y. Application of precolumn reaction to highperformance liquid chromatography of qinghaosu in animal plasma. Anal Chem 1986; 58: 289-92
    • (1986) Anal Chem , vol.58 , pp. 289-292
    • Zhao, S.1    Zeng, M.-Y.2
  • 49
    • 0027939070 scopus 로고
    • Differential extraction of artemether and its metabolite dihydroartemisinin from plasma and determination by high-performance liquid chromatography
    • Muhia DK, Mberu EK, Watkins WM. Differential extraction of artemether and its metabolite dihydroartemisinin from plasma and determination by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1994; 660: 196-9
    • (1994) J Chromatogr A , vol.660 , pp. 196-199
    • Muhia, D.K.1    Mberu, E.K.2    Watkins, W.M.3
  • 50
    • 0026465405 scopus 로고
    • Selective determination, in plasma, of artemether and its major metabolite, dihydroartemisinin, by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection
    • Thomas CG, Ward SA. Selective determination, in plasma, of artemether and its major metabolite, dihydroartemisinin, by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. J Chromatogr A 1992; 583: 131-6
    • (1992) J Chromatogr A , vol.583 , pp. 131-136
    • Thomas, C.G.1    Ward, S.A.2
  • 51
    • 0030966734 scopus 로고
    • Determination artemether and its metabolite dihydroartemisinin in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection in the reductive mode
    • Samdrenan B, Sioufi A, Godbillon J, et al. Determination artemether and its metabolite dihydroartemisinin in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection in the reductive mode. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 1987; 691(1): 145-53
    • (1987) J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl , vol.691 , Issue.1 , pp. 145-153
    • Samdrenan, B.1    Sioufi, A.2    Godbillon, J.3
  • 52
    • 0029146165 scopus 로고
    • Determination of artemether and dihydroartemisinin in blood plasma by highperformance liquid chromatography for application in clinical pharmacological studies
    • Navaratnam V, Mansor SM, Chin LK, et al. Determination of artemether and dihydroartemisinin in blood plasma by highperformance liquid chromatography for application in clinical pharmacological studies. J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl 1995; 669 (2): 289-94
    • (1995) J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl , vol.669 , Issue.2 , pp. 289-294
    • Navaratnam, V.1    Mansor, S.M.2    Chin, L.K.3
  • 53
    • 0024457268 scopus 로고
    • Determination of arteether in blood plasma by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection after hydrolyis acid
    • Idowu OR, Edwards G, Ward SA, et al. Determination of arteether in blood plasma by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection after hydrolyis acid. J Chromatogr A 1989; 493: 125-36
    • (1989) J Chromatogr A , vol.493 , pp. 125-136
    • Idowu, O.R.1    Edwards, G.2    Ward, S.A.3
  • 54
    • 0023103041 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of artesunic acid and dihydroqinghaosu in blood by high-performance liquid chromatography with reductive electrochemical detection
    • Zhou ZM, Anders JC, Chung H, et al. Analysis of artesunic acid and dihydroqinghaosu in blood by high-performance liquid chromatography with reductive electrochemical detection. J Chromatogr A 1987; 414 (1): 77-90
    • (1987) J Chromatogr A , vol.414 , Issue.1 , pp. 77-90
    • Zhou, Z.M.1    Anders, J.C.2    Chung, H.3
  • 55
    • 0029868179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective high-performance liquid Chromatographic determination of artesunate and alpha- And beta-dihydroartemisinin in patients with falciparum malaria
    • Batty KT, Davis TM, Thu LT, et al. Selective high-performance liquid Chromatographic determination of artesunate and alpha- and beta-dihydroartemisinin in patients with falciparum malaria. J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl 1996; 677 (2): 345-50
    • (1996) J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl , vol.677 , Issue.2 , pp. 345-350
    • Batty, K.T.1    Davis, T.M.2    Thu, L.T.3
  • 56
    • 0030959661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous determination of artesunic acid and dihydroartemisinin in blood plasma by high- Performance liquid chromatography for application in clinical pharmacological studies
    • Navaratnam V, Mordi MN, Mansor SM. Simultaneous determination of artesunic acid and dihydroartemisinin in blood plasma by high- performance liquid chromatography for application in clinical pharmacological studies. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 1997; 692 (1): 157-62
    • (1997) J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl , vol.692 , Issue.1 , pp. 157-162
    • Navaratnam, V.1    Mordi, M.N.2    Mansor, S.M.3
  • 57
    • 0032562510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simple highperformance liquid Chromatographic method with electrochemical detection of artesunate and dihydroartemisinin in biological fluids
    • Na-Bangchang K, Congpuong K, Hung LN, et al. Simple highperformance liquid Chromatographic method with electrochemical detection of artesunate and dihydroartemisinin in biological fluids. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 1998; 7081(2): 201-7
    • (1998) J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl , vol.7081 , Issue.2 , pp. 201-207
    • Na-Bangchang, K.1    Congpuong, K.2    Hung, L.N.3
  • 58
    • 0023878244 scopus 로고
    • Determination of the dihydroqinghaosu by pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
    • Theoharides AD, Smyth MH, Ashmore RW, et al. Determination of the dihydroqinghaosu by pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 1988; 60: 115-20
    • (1988) Anal Chem , vol.60 , pp. 115-120
    • Theoharides, A.D.1    Smyth, M.H.2    Ashmore, R.W.3
  • 59
    • 0030941625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single dose pharmacokinetics of oral artemether in healthy Malaysian volunteers
    • Navaratnam V, Mordi MN, Mansor SM, et al. Single dose pharmacokinetics of oral artemether in healthy Malaysian volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1997; 43: 363-5
    • (1997) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.43 , pp. 363-365
    • Navaratnam, V.1    Mordi, M.N.2    Mansor, S.M.3
  • 60
    • 0030028396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple dose pharmacokinetics of oral artemisinin and comparison of its efficacy with that of oral artesunate in falciparum malaria patients
    • Hassan Alin M, Ashton M, Kihamia CM, et al. Multiple dose pharmacokinetics of oral artemisinin and comparison of its efficacy with that of oral artesunate in falciparum malaria patients. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1996; 90 (1): 61-5
    • (1996) Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg , vol.90 , Issue.1 , pp. 61-65
    • Hassan Alin, M.1    Ashton, M.2    Kihamia, C.M.3
  • 61
    • 0345628028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Artemisinin pharmacokinetics is time-dependent during repeated oral administration in healthy male adults
    • Ashton M, Hai TN, Sy ND, et al. Artemisinin pharmacokinetics is time-dependent during repeated oral administration in healthy male adults. Drug Metab Dispos 1998; 26 (1): 25-7
    • (1998) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 25-27
    • Ashton, M.1    Hai, T.N.2    Sy, N.D.3
  • 62
    • 0345491020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Declining concentrations of dihydroartemisinin in plasma during 5-day oral treatment with artesunate for falciparum malaria
    • Khanh NX, de Vries PJ, Ha LD, et al. Declining concentrations of dihydroartemisinin in plasma during 5-day oral treatment with artesunate for falciparum malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999; 43 (3): 690-2
    • (1999) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.43 , Issue.3 , pp. 690-692
    • Khanh, N.X.1    De Vries, P.J.2    Ha, L.D.3
  • 63
    • 0031973066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma concentrations of artemether and its major plasma metabolite, dihydroartemisinin, following a 5-day regimen of oral artemether, in patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria
    • Karbwang J, Na-Bangchang K, Thanavibul A, et al. Plasma concentrations of artemether and its major plasma metabolite, dihydroartemisinin, following a 5-day regimen of oral artemether, in patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 1998; 92 (1): 31-6
    • (1998) Ann Trop Med Parasitol , vol.92 , Issue.1 , pp. 31-36
    • Karbwang, J.1    Na-Bangchang, K.2    Thanavibul, A.3
  • 64
    • 0033067324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple dose pharmacokinetics of artemether in Chinese patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria
    • van Agtmael MA, Cheng-Qi S, Qing JX, et al. Multiple dose pharmacokinetics of artemether in Chinese patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Int J Antimicrob Agents 1999; 12 (2): 151-8
    • (1999) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.12 , Issue.2 , pp. 151-158
    • Van Agtmael, M.A.1    Cheng-Qi, S.2    Qing, J.X.3
  • 65
    • 0032912781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High in situ rat intestinal permeability of artemisinin unaffected by multiple dosing and with no evidence of P-glycoprotein involvement
    • Svensson USH, Sandstrom R, Carlborg O, et al. High in situ rat intestinal permeability of artemisinin unaffected by multiple dosing and with no evidence of P-glycoprotein involvement. Drug Metab Dispos 1999; 27 (2): 227-32
    • (1999) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 227-232
    • Svensson, U.S.H.1    Sandstrom, R.2    Carlborg, O.3
  • 66
    • 0029891746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transport of artemisinin and sodium artesunate in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells
    • Augustijns P, D'Hulst A, van Daele J, et al. Transport of artemisinin and sodium artesunate in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. J Pharm Sci 1996; 85 (6): 577-9
    • (1996) J Pharm Sci , vol.85 , Issue.6 , pp. 577-579
    • Augustijns, P.1    D'Hulst, A.2    Van Daele, J.3
  • 67
    • 0026022401 scopus 로고
    • Formulation and pharmacokinetics of artemisinin and its derivatives
    • Titulaer HA, Zuidema J, Lugt CB. Formulation and pharmacokinetics of artemisinin and its derivatives. Int J Pharm 1991; 69: 83-92
    • (1991) Int J Pharm , vol.69 , pp. 83-92
    • Titulaer, H.A.1    Zuidema, J.2    Lugt, C.B.3
  • 68
    • 0025646009 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of antimalarial sesquiterpene lactones
    • Lee IK, Hufford CD. Metabolism of antimalarial sesquiterpene lactones. Pharmacol Ther 1990; 48: 345-55
    • (1990) Pharmacol Ther , vol.48 , pp. 345-355
    • Lee, I.K.1    Hufford, C.D.2
  • 69
    • 0033959522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biliary metabolites of beta-artemether in rats: Biotransformations of an antimalarial endoperoxide
    • Maggs JL, Bishop LP, Edwards G, et al. Biliary metabolites of beta-artemether in rats: biotransformations of an antimalarial endoperoxide. Drug Metab Dispos 2000; 28 (2): 209-17
    • (2000) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.28 , Issue.2 , pp. 209-217
    • Maggs, J.L.1    Bishop, L.P.2    Edwards, G.3
  • 70
    • 0026239217 scopus 로고
    • Identification of the in vivo metabolites of the antimalarial arteetherby thermospray highperformance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry
    • Chi HT, Ramu K, Baker JK, et al. Identification of the in vivo metabolites of the antimalarial arteetherby thermospray highperformance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Biol Mass Spectrom 1991; 20: 609-28
    • (1991) Biol Mass Spectrom , vol.20 , pp. 609-628
    • Chi, H.T.1    Ramu, K.2    Baker, J.K.3
  • 71
    • 0025835250 scopus 로고
    • Hepatic metabolism of artemisinin drugs-I: Drug metabolism in rat liver microsomes
    • Leskovac V, Theoharides AD. Hepatic metabolism of artemisinin drugs-I: drug metabolism in rat liver microsomes. Comp Biochem Physiol 1991; 99C: 383-90
    • (1991) Comp Biochem Physiol , vol.99 C , pp. 383-390
    • Leskovac, V.1    Theoharides, A.D.2
  • 72
    • 0021026286 scopus 로고
    • Isolation and identification of the metabolite of artemisinine in human
    • Zhu DY, Huang BS, Chen ZL, et al. Isolation and identification of the metabolite of artemisinine in human [in Chinese]. Acta Pharmacol Sin 1983; 4: 194-7
    • (1983) Acta Pharmacol Sin , vol.4 , pp. 194-197
    • Zhu, D.Y.1    Huang, B.S.2    Chen, Z.L.3
  • 73
    • 58149353471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isomerization in human urine of a glucuronide of the antimalarial endoperoxide drug dihydroartemisinin
    • Apr 22-24; Chester
    • Maggs JL, Batty KT, Ilett KF, et al. Isomerization in human urine of a glucuronide of the antimalarial endoperoxide drug dihydroartemisinin [abstract]. Proceedings of the British Pharmacological Society; 1998 Apr 22-24; Chester
    • (1998) Proceedings of the British Pharmacological Society
    • Maggs, J.L.1    Batty, K.T.2    Ilett, K.F.3
  • 74
    • 0023355966 scopus 로고
    • A preliminary study on the urinary excretion of artesunate and its metabolites in man after a single intravenous injection
    • Yang SD, Ma JM, Sun JH, et al. A preliminary study on the urinary excretion of artesunate and its metabolites in man after a single intravenous injection [in Chinese]. Acta Pharmacol Sin 1987; 22: 401-4
    • (1987) Acta Pharmacol Sin , vol.22 , pp. 401-404
    • Yang, S.D.1    Ma, J.M.2    Sun, J.H.3
  • 75
    • 0000249736 scopus 로고
    • Anticholinesterase agents
    • Goodman LS, Gilman A, editors. New York: Macmillan
    • Taylor P. Anticholinesterase agents. In: Goodman LS, Gilman A, editors. The pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 7th ed. New York: Macmillan, 1985: 110-5
    • (1985) The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 7th ed , pp. 110-115
    • Taylor, P.1
  • 76
    • 0030426570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of enzymes of drug metabolism
    • Meyer UA. Overview of enzymes of drug metabolism. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 1996; 24 (5): 449-59
    • (1996) J Pharmacokinet Biopharm , vol.24 , Issue.5 , pp. 449-459
    • Meyer, U.A.1
  • 77
    • 0032910248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative in vivo and in vitro sex differences in artemisinin metabolism in rat
    • Ashton M, Johansson L, Thornqvist AS, et al. Quantitative in vivo and in vitro sex differences in artemisinin metabolism in rat. Xenobiotica 1999; 29 (2): 195-204
    • (1999) Xenobiotica , vol.29 , Issue.2 , pp. 195-204
    • Ashton, M.1    Johansson, L.2    Thornqvist, A.S.3
  • 78
    • 0032853806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of the human cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the in vitro metabolism of artemisinin
    • Svensson US, Ashton M. Identification of the human cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the in vitro metabolism of artemisinin. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1999; 48 (4): 528-35
    • (1999) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.48 , Issue.4 , pp. 528-535
    • Svensson, U.S.1    Ashton, M.2
  • 79
    • 0031953576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of βarteether to dihydroqinghaosu by human liver microsomes and recombinant cytochrome P450
    • Grace JM, Aguilar AJ, Trotman KM, et al. Metabolism of βarteether to dihydroqinghaosu by human liver microsomes and recombinant cytochrome P450. Drug Metab Dispos 1998; 26 (4): 313-7
    • (1998) Drug Metab Dispos , vol.26 , Issue.4 , pp. 313-317
    • Grace, J.M.1    Aguilar, A.J.2    Trotman, K.M.3
  • 80
    • 0031739078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contribution of the enzymes CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 in the demethylation of artemether in healthy subjects
    • van Agtmael MA, van der Graaf CA, Dien TK, et al. The contribution of the enzymes CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 in the demethylation of artemether in healthy subjects. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 1998; 23 (3): 429-36
    • (1998) Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 429-436
    • Van Agtmael, M.A.1    Van Der Graaf, C.A.2    Dien, T.K.3
  • 83
    • 0032841316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grapefruit juice increases the bioavailability of artemether
    • van Agtmael MA, Gupta V, van der Wosten TH, et al. Grapefruit juice increases the bioavailability of artemether. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1999; 55 (5): 405-10
    • (1999) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.55 , Issue.5 , pp. 405-410
    • Van Agtmael, M.A.1    Gupta, V.2    Van Der Wosten, T.H.3
  • 84
    • 0032723774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of grapefruit juice on the time-dependent decline of artemether plasma levels in healthy subjects
    • van Agtmael MA, Gupta V, van der Graaf, CA, et al. The effect of grapefruit juice on the time-dependent decline of artemether plasma levels in healthy subjects. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1999; 66 (4); 408-14
    • (1999) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.66 , Issue.4 , pp. 408-414
    • Van Agtmael, M.A.1    Gupta, V.2    Van Der Graaf, C.A.3
  • 85
    • 0025835250 scopus 로고
    • Hepatic metabolism of artemisinin drugs: I. Drug metabolism in rat liver microsomes
    • Leskovac V, Theoharides AD. Hepatic metabolism of artemisinin drugs: I. Drug metabolism in rat liver microsomes. Comp Biochem Physiol 1991; 99C: 383-90
    • (1991) Comp Biochem Physiol , vol.99 C , pp. 383-390
    • Leskovac, V.1    Theoharides, A.D.2
  • 86
    • 0025344378 scopus 로고
    • Cytochrome P450 isoenzymes epoxide hydrolase and glutathiohe transferases in rat and human hepatic and extrahepatic tissues
    • de Waziers I, Cugnenc PH, Yang CS, et al. Cytochrome P450 isoenzymes epoxide hydrolase and glutathiohe transferases in rat and human hepatic and extrahepatic tissues. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1990; 253 (1): 387-94
    • (1990) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.253 , Issue.1 , pp. 387-394
    • De Waziers, I.1    Cugnenc, P.H.2    Yang, C.S.3
  • 87
    • 0026464616 scopus 로고
    • Identification of rifampicin-inducible P450IIIA4 in human small bowel enterocytes
    • Kolars JC, Schmiedlin-Ren P, Schuetz JD, et al. Identification of rifampicin-inducible P450IIIA4 in human small bowel enterocytes. J Clin Invest 1992; 90 (5): 1871-8
    • (1992) J Clin Invest , vol.90 , Issue.5 , pp. 1871-1878
    • Kolars, J.C.1    Schmiedlin-Ren, P.2    Schuetz, J.D.3
  • 88
    • 0032778975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of artelinic acid to dihydroqinghaosu by human liver cytochrome P4503A
    • Grace JM, Skanchy DJ, Aguilar AJ. Metabolism of artelinic acid to dihydroqinghaosu by human liver cytochrome P4503A. Xenobiotica 1999; 29 (7): 703-17
    • (1999) Xenobiotica , vol.29 , Issue.7 , pp. 703-717
    • Grace, J.M.1    Skanchy, D.J.2    Aguilar, A.J.3
  • 89
    • 13144307057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Artemisinin induces omeprazole metabolism in human beings
    • Svensson USH, Ashton M, Hai TN, et al. Artemisinin induces omeprazole metabolism in human beings. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1998; 64: 160-7
    • (1998) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.64 , pp. 160-167
    • Svensson, U.S.H.1    Ashton, M.2    Hai, T.N.3
  • 90
    • 0030740220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Plasmodium berghei infection on artemether metabolism and disposition
    • Leo KU, Grace JM, Li Q, et al. Effects of Plasmodium berghei infection on artemether metabolism and disposition. Pharmacology 1997; 54:276-84
    • (1997) Pharmacology , vol.54 , pp. 276-284
    • Leo, K.U.1    Grace, J.M.2    Li, Q.3
  • 91
    • 0027537486 scopus 로고
    • Effect of malaria infection and endotoxin-induced fever on phenacelin Odeethylation by rat liver microsomes
    • Kokwaro GO, Glazier AP, Ward SA, et al. Effect of malaria infection and endotoxin-induced fever on phenacelin Odeethylation by rat liver microsomes. Biochem Pharmacol 1993: 45(6): 1235-41
    • (1993) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.45 , Issue.6 , pp. 1235-1241
    • Kokwaro, G.O.1    Glazier, A.P.2    Ward, S.A.3
  • 92
    • 0021745542 scopus 로고
    • Impairment of hepatic cytochrome P450 dependent mono-oxygenase by malarial parasites Plasmodium berghei
    • Alvares AP, Veng TH, Scheibel LW, et al. Impairment of hepatic cytochrome P450 dependent mono-oxygenase by malarial parasites Plasmodium berghei. Mol Biochem Parasitol 1984; 13: 277-82
    • (1984) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.13 , pp. 277-282
    • Alvares, A.P.1    Veng, T.H.2    Scheibel, L.W.3
  • 93
    • 0025736577 scopus 로고
    • The effect of malaria infection on paracetamol disposition in the rat
    • Mansor SM, Edwards G, Roberts PJ, et al. The effect of malaria infection on paracetamol disposition in the rat. Biochem Pharmacol 1991:41: 1707-11
    • (1991) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.41 , pp. 1707-1711
    • Mansor, S.M.1    Edwards, G.2    Roberts, P.J.3
  • 94
    • 0028306156 scopus 로고
    • Effect of malaria infection on the pharmacokinetics of paracetamol in rat
    • Ismail S, Kokwaro GO, Back DJ, et al. Effect of malaria infection on the pharmacokinetics of paracetamol in rat. Xenobiotica 1994; 24: 527-33
    • (1994) Xenobiotica , vol.24 , pp. 527-533
    • Ismail, S.1    Kokwaro, G.O.2    Back, D.J.3
  • 95
    • 0028357240 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of artemether after oral administration to healthy Thai males and patients with acute, uncomplicated falciparum malaria
    • Na-Bangchang K, Karbwang J, Thomas CG, et al. Pharmacokinetics of artemether after oral administration to healthy Thai males and patients with acute, uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1994; 37: 249-53
    • (1994) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.37 , pp. 249-253
    • Na-Bangchang, K.1    Karbwang, J.2    Thomas, C.G.3
  • 96
    • 0031812372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of intramuscular artemether in patients with severe falciparum malaria with or without acute renal failure
    • Karbwang J, Na-Bangchang K, Tin T, et al. Pharmacokinetics of intramuscular artemether in patients with severe falciparum malaria with or without acute renal failure. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1998; 45: 597-600
    • (1998) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.45 , pp. 597-600
    • Karbwang, J.1    Na-Bangchang, K.2    Tin, T.3
  • 97
    • 0028557496 scopus 로고
    • The pharmacokinetics of a single dose of artemisinin in healthy Vietnamese subjects
    • Duc DD, de Vries PJ, Nguyen XK, et al. The pharmacokinetics of a single dose of artemisinin in healthy Vietnamese subjects. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1994; 51 (6): 785-90
    • (1994) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.51 , Issue.6 , pp. 785-790
    • Duc, D.D.1    De Vries, P.J.2    Nguyen, X.K.3
  • 98
    • 9844252870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pharmacokinetics of a single dose of artemisinin in subjects with liver cirrhosis: Bach Mai-Amsterdam Research Group on Artemisinin
    • de Vries PJ, Nguyen XK, Tran KD, et al. The pharmacokinetics of a single dose of artemisinin in subjects with liver cirrhosis: Bach Mai-Amsterdam Research Group on Artemisinin. Trop Med Int Health 1997; 2(10): 957-62
    • (1997) Trop Med Int Health , vol.2 , Issue.10 , pp. 957-962
    • De Vries, P.J.1    Nguyen, X.K.2    Tran, K.D.3
  • 99
    • 0013612468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of food intake on the pharmacokinetics of oral artemisinin in healthy Vietnamese subjects
    • Dien TK, de Vries PJ, Khanh NX, et al. Effect of food intake on the pharmacokinetics of oral artemisinin in healthy Vietnamese subjects. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997; 41 (5): 1069-72
    • (1997) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.41 , Issue.5 , pp. 1069-1072
    • Dien, T.K.1    De Vries, P.J.2    Khanh, N.X.3
  • 100
    • 0030271322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategies for the prevention of antimalarial drug resistance: Rationale for combination chemotherapy for malaria
    • White NJ, Olliaro PL. Strategies for the prevention of antimalarial drug resistance: rationale for combination chemotherapy for malaria. Parasitol Today 1996; 12(10): 399-401
    • (1996) Parasitol Today , vol.12 , Issue.10 , pp. 399-401
    • White, N.J.1    Olliaro, P.L.2
  • 101
    • 0026343961 scopus 로고
    • Clinical trial of artesunate and artemether on multidrug resistant falciparum malaria in Thailand: A preliminary report
    • Bunnag D, Viravan C, Looareesuwan S, et al. Clinical trial of artesunate and artemether on multidrug resistant falciparum malaria in Thailand: a preliminary report. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Pub Health 1991; 22: 380-5
    • (1991) Southeast Asian J Trop Med Pub Health , vol.22 , pp. 380-385
    • Bunnag, D.1    Viravan, C.2    Looareesuwan, S.3
  • 102
    • 0028341385 scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of mefloquine-doxycycline, and artesunate-doxycycline for treatment of acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria
    • Looareesuwan S, Viravan C, Vanijanonta S, et al. Randomized trial of mefloquine-doxycycline, and artesunate-doxycycline for treatment of acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1994; 50 (6): 784-9
    • (1994) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.50 , Issue.6 , pp. 784-789
    • Looareesuwan, S.1    Viravan, C.2    Vanijanonta, S.3
  • 103
    • 13344269029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized controlled trial of artesunate plus tetracycline versus standard treatment (quinine plus tetracycline) for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Brazil
    • Duarte EC, Fontes CJ, Gyorkos TW, et al. Randomized controlled trial of artesunate plus tetracycline versus standard treatment (quinine plus tetracycline) for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1996; 54 (2): 197-202
    • (1996) Am J Trop Med Hyg , vol.54 , Issue.2 , pp. 197-202
    • Duarte, E.C.1    Fontes, C.J.2    Gyorkos, T.W.3
  • 104
    • 0032886155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative clinical trial of four regimens of dihydroartemisininmefloquine in multidrug-resistant falciparum malaria
    • Na-Bangchang K, Tippanangkosol P, Ubalee R, et al. Comparative clinical trial of four regimens of dihydroartemisininmefloquine in multidrug-resistant falciparum malaria. Trop Med Int Health 1999; 4 h(9): 602-10
    • (1999) Trop Med Int Health , vol.4 H , Issue.9 , pp. 602-610
    • Na-Bangchang, K.1    Tippanangkosol, P.2    Ubalee, R.3
  • 105
    • 0029563974 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of mefloquine, when given alone and in combination with artemether, in patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria
    • Na-Bangchang K, Karbwang J, Molunto P, et al. Pharmacokinetics of mefloquine, when given alone and in combination with artemether, in patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 1995; 9 (6): 576-82
    • (1995) Fundam Clin Pharmacol , vol.9 , Issue.6 , pp. 576-582
    • Na-Bangchang, K.1    Karbwang, J.2    Molunto, P.3
  • 106
    • 8944263309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics of artemisinin monotherapy and in combination with mefloquine in patients with falciparum malaria
    • Alin MH, Ashton M, Kihamia CM, et al. Clinical efficacy and pharmacokinetics of artemisinin monotherapy and in combination with mefloquine in patients with falciparum malaria. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1996; 41 (6): 587-92
    • (1996) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.41 , Issue.6 , pp. 587-592
    • Alin, M.H.1    Ashton, M.2    Kihamia, C.M.3
  • 107
    • 0029819068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical pharmacokinetics and metabolism of chloroquine: Focus on recent advancements
    • Ducharme J, Farinotti R. Clinical pharmacokinetics and metabolism of chloroquine: focus on recent advancements. Clin Pharmacokinet 1996; 31 (4): 257-74
    • (1996) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.31 , Issue.4 , pp. 257-274
    • Ducharme, J.1    Farinotti, R.2
  • 108
    • 0028812667 scopus 로고
    • An investigation of the interaction between halofantrine, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4: Studies with human liver microsomes and heterologous enzyme expression systems
    • Halliday RC, Jones BC, Smith DA, et al. An investigation of the interaction between halofantrine, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4: studies with human liver microsomes and heterologous enzyme expression systems. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1995; 40 (4): 369-78
    • (1995) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.40 , Issue.4 , pp. 369-378
    • Halliday, R.C.1    Jones, B.C.2    Smith, D.A.3
  • 109
    • 0033030589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Halofantrine metabolism in microsomes in man: Major role of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5
    • Baune B, Flinois JP, Furlan V, et al. Halofantrine metabolism in microsomes in man: major role of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5. J Pharm Pharmacol 1999; 51 (4): 419-26
    • (1999) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.51 , Issue.4 , pp. 419-426
    • Baune, B.1    Flinois, J.P.2    Furlan, V.3
  • 110
    • 0031458032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The in vitro hepatic metabolism of quinine in mice, rats and dogs: Comparison with human liver microsomes
    • Zhao XJ, Ishizaki T. The in vitro hepatic metabolism of quinine in mice, rats and dogs: comparison with human liver microsomes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1997; 283 (3): 1168-76
    • (1997) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.283 , Issue.3 , pp. 1168-1176
    • Zhao, X.J.1    Ishizaki, T.2
  • 111
    • 0031472588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of pharmacokinetics and metabolism in drug discovery and development
    • Lin JH, Lu AYH. Role of pharmacokinetics and metabolism in drug discovery and development. Pharmacol Rev 1997; 49 (4): 403-49
    • (1997) Pharmacol Rev , vol.49 , Issue.4 , pp. 403-449
    • Lin, J.H.1    Lu, A.Y.H.2
  • 112
    • 0026653584 scopus 로고
    • Primaquine metabolism by human liver microsomes: Effect of other antimalarial drugs
    • Na-Bangchang K, Karbwang J, Back DJ. Primaquine metabolism by human liver microsomes: effect of other antimalarial drugs. Biochem Pharmacol 1992; 44 (3): 587-90
    • (1992) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.44 , Issue.3 , pp. 587-590
    • Na-Bangchang, K.1    Karbwang, J.2    Back, D.J.3
  • 113
    • 0026510399 scopus 로고
    • Mefloquine metabolism by human liver microsomes: Effect of other antimalarial drugs
    • Na-Bangchang K, Karbwang J, Back DJ. Mefloquine metabolism by human liver microsomes: effect of other antimalarial drugs. Biochem Pharmacol 1992; 43 (9): 1957-61
    • (1992) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.43 , Issue.9 , pp. 1957-1961
    • Na-Bangchang, K.1    Karbwang, J.2    Back, D.J.3
  • 114
    • 0032796920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence of an interaction between artesunate and atovaquone-proguanil
    • van Vugt M, Edstein MD, Proux S, et al. Absence of an interaction between artesunate and atovaquone-proguanil. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1999; 55: 469-74
    • (1999) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.55 , pp. 469-474
    • Van Vugt, M.1    Edstein, M.D.2    Proux, S.3
  • 115
    • 0032014191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic interactions of artemether and pyrimethamine in healthy male Thais
    • Tan-ariya P, Na-Bangchang K, Ubalee R, et al. Pharmacokinetic interactions of artemether and pyrimethamine in healthy male Thais. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1998; 29 (1): 18-23
    • (1998) Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health , vol.29 , Issue.1 , pp. 18-23
    • Tan-ariya, P.1    Na-Bangchang, K.2    Ubalee, R.3
  • 116
    • 0032854190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics interactions of mefloquine and dihydroartemisinin
    • Na-Bangchang K, Tippawangkosol P, Thanavibul A, et al. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics interactions of mefloquine and dihydroartemisinin. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 1999; 19(1): 9-17
    • (1999) Int J Clin Pharmacol Res , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 9-17
    • Na-Bangchang, K.1    Tippawangkosol, P.2    Thanavibul, A.3
  • 117
    • 0342514531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic interaction trial between co-artemether and mefloquine
    • Lefevre G, Bindschedler M, Ezzet F, et al. Pharmacokinetic interaction trial between co-artemether and mefloquine. Eur J Pharm Sci 2000; 10 (2): 141-51
    • (2000) Eur J Pharm Sci , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 141-151
    • Lefevre, G.1    Bindschedler, M.2    Ezzet, F.3
  • 118
    • 0009812974 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of dihydroqinghaosu in human volunteers and comparison with qinghaosu
    • Zhao KC, Song ZY. Pharmacokinetics of dihydroqinghaosu in human volunteers and comparison with qinghaosu [in Chinese]. Acta Pharmacol Sin 1993; 28 (5): 342-6
    • (1993) Acta Pharmacol Sin , vol.28 , Issue.5 , pp. 342-346
    • Zhao, K.C.1    Song, Z.Y.2
  • 121
    • 0030176425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mode of action of the antimalarial artemisinin and its derivatives
    • Kamchonwongpaisan S, Meshnick SR. The mode of action of the antimalarial artemisinin and its derivatives. Gen Pharmacol 1996; 27 (4): 587-92
    • (1996) Gen Pharmacol , vol.27 , Issue.4 , pp. 587-592
    • Kamchonwongpaisan, S.1    Meshnick, S.R.2
  • 122
    • 14944343717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is alkylation the main mechanism of action of the antimalarial drug artemisinin?
    • Robert A, Meunier B. Is alkylation the main mechanism of action of the antimalarial drug artemisinin? Chem Soc Rev 1998; 27:273-9
    • (1998) Chem Soc Rev , vol.27 , pp. 273-279
    • Robert, A.1    Meunier, B.2
  • 123
    • 0033580871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ring opening of artemisinin (Qinghaosu) and dihydroartemisinin and interception of the open hydroperoxides with formation of N-oxides: A chemical model for antimalarial mode of action
    • Haynes RK, Hung-On Pai H, Voerste A. Ring opening of artemisinin (Qinghaosu) and dihydroartemisinin and interception of the open hydroperoxides with formation of N-oxides: a chemical model for antimalarial mode of action. Tetrahedon Lett 1999; 40: 4715-8
    • (1999) Tetrahedon Lett , vol.40 , pp. 4715-4718
    • Haynes, R.K.1    Hung-On Pai, H.2    Voerste, A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.