Immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Current advances and future expectations

Journal of Immunology Research

Volumn 2018, Issue , 2018, Pages

  Xie, Yingjun ^a   Xiang, Yien ^a   Sheng, Jiyao ^a   Zhang, Dan ^a   Yao, Xiaoxiao ^a   Yang, Yongsheng ^a   Zhang, Xuewen ^a  

^a THE SECOND HOSPITAL OF JILIN UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CANCER VACCINE; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; T LYMPHOCYTE RECEPTOR; TUMOR ANTIGEN;

HUMAN; IMMUNOLOGICAL TOLERANCE; IMMUNOLOGY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; LIVER CELL CARCINOMA; LIVER TUMOR; MALE; ONCOLYTIC VIROTHERAPY; PROCEDURES; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; T LYMPHOCYTE; TUMOR ESCAPE;

ANTIBODIES, MONOCLONAL; ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM; CANCER VACCINES; CARCINOMA, HEPATOCELLULAR; COSTIMULATORY AND INHIBITORY T-CELL RECEPTORS; HUMANS; IMMUNE TOLERANCE; IMMUNOTHERAPY; LIVER NEOPLASMS; MALE; ONCOLYTIC VIROTHERAPY; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; T-LYMPHOCYTES; TUMOR ESCAPE;

EID: 85055071815     PISSN: 23148861     EISSN: 23147156     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2018/8740976     Document Type: Article

References (85)

1. L. A. Torre, F. Bray, R. L. Siegel, J. Ferlay, J. Lortet-Tieulent, and A. Jemal, “Global cancer statistics, 2012,” CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 87-108, 2015.
2. L. X. Qin, “Inflammatory immune responses in tumor microenvironment and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma,” Cancer Microenvironment, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 203-209, 2012.
3. N. Tsuchiya, Y. Sawada, I. Endo, Y. Uemura, and T. Nakatsura, “Potentiality of immunotherapy against hepatocellular carcinoma,” World Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 21, no. 36, pp. 10314-10326, 2015.
4. K. Fujiwara, T. Higashi, K. Nouso et al., “Decreased expression of B7 costimulatory molecules and major histocompatibility complex class-I in human hepatocellular carcinoma,” Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, vol. 19, no. 10, pp. 1121-1127, 2004.
5. −/low myeloid-derived suppressor cells in hepatocellular carcinoma patients and its impact on prognosis,” Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy, vol. 62, no. 8, pp. 1421-1430, 2013.
6. Z. Chen, S. Shen, B. Peng, and J. Tao, “Intratumoural GM-CSF microspheres and CTLA-4 blockade enhance the antitumour immunity induced by thermal ablation in a subcutaneous murine hepatoma model,” International Journal of Hyperther-mia, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 374-382, 2009.
7. B. Hoechst, T. Voigtlaender, L. Ormandy et al., “Myeloid derived suppressor cells inhibit natural killer cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma via the NKp30 receptor,” Hepatology, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 799-807, 2009.
8. + T-cell responses to a novel α-fetoprotein-derived epitope in hepatocellular carcinoma patients,” Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 11, no. 18, pp. 6686-6694, 2005.
9. I. N. Crispe, M. Giannandrea, I. Klein, B. John, B. Sampson, and S. Wuensch, “Cellular and molecular mechanisms of liver tolerance,” Immunological Reviews, vol. 213, no. 1, pp. 101-118, 2006.
10. K. J. Chen, S. Z. Lin, L. Zhou et al., “Selective recruitment of regulatory T cell through CCR6-CCL20 in hepatocellular carcinoma fosters tumor progression and predicts poor prognosis,” PLoS One, vol. 6, no. 9, article e24671, 2011.
11. + regulatory dendritic cells suppress T-cell response by cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4-dependent IL-10 and indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase production in hepatocellular carcinoma,” Hepatology, vol. 59, no. 2, pp. 567-579, 2014.
12. A. Budhu, M. Forgues, Q. H. Ye et al., “Prediction of venous metastases, recurrence, and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma based on a unique immune response signature of the liver microenvironment,” Cancer Cell, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 99-111, 2006.
13. J. Couzin-Frankel, “Breakthrough of the year 2013. Cancer immunotherapy,” Science, vol. 342, no. 6165, pp. 1432-1433, 2013.
14. F. M. Buonaguro and L. Buonaguro, “Cancer vaccines for hepatocellular carcinoma: future directions,” Immunotherapy, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 391-393, 2016.
15. L. Buonaguro, A. Petrizzo, M. Tagliamonte, M. L. Tornesello, and F. M. Buonaguro, “Challenges in cancer vaccine development for hepatocellular carcinoma,” Journal of Hepatology, vol. 59, no. 4, pp. 897-903, 2013.
16. Z. Jixia, Z. Chengyan, and W. Pingli, “Advances in application of adoptive T-cell therapy for cancer patients,” Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 211-217, 2017.
17. O. Yeku, X. Li, and R. J. Brentjens, “Adoptive T-cell therapy for solid tumors,” American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book, vol. 37, pp. 193-204, 2017.
18. E. N. Baruch, A. L. Berg, M. J. Besser, J. Schachter, and G. Markel, “Adoptive T cell therapy: an overview of obstacles and opportunities,” Cancer, vol. 123, no. S11, pp. 2154-2162, 2017.
19. V. Longo, A. Gnoni, A. Casadei Gardini et al., “Immunothera-peutic approaches for hepatocellular carcinoma,” Oncotarget, vol. 8, no. 20, pp. 33897-33910, 2017.
20. X. Gao, Y. Mi, N. Guo et al., “Cytokine-induced killer cells as pharmacological tools for cancer immunotherapy,” Frontiers in Immunology, vol. 8, p. 774, 2017.
21. J. J. Mata-Molanes, M. Sureda Gonzalez, B. Valenzuela Jimenez, E. M. Martinez Navarro, and A. Brugarolas Masllorens, “Cancer immunotherapy with cytokine-induced killer cells,” Targeted Oncology, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 289-299, 2017.
22. F. S. Wang, M. X. Liu, B. Zhang et al., “Antitumor activities of human autologous cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells against hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo,” World Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 464-468, 2002.
23. L. Xu, J. Wang, Y. Kim et al., “A randomized controlled trial on patients with or without adjuvant autologous cytokine-induced killer cells after curative resection for hepatocellular carcinoma,” OncoImmunology, vol. 5, no. 3, article e1083671, 2016.
24. D. H. Lee, J. Y. Nam, Y. Chang et al., “Synergistic effect of cytokine-induced killer cell with valproate inhibits growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cell in a mouse model,” Cancer Biology & Therapy, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 67-75, 2017.
25. Y. Su, Y. Yang, Y. Ma et al., “The efficacy and safety of dendritic cells co-cultured with cytokine-induced killer cell therapy in combination with TACE-predominant minimally-invasive treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis,” Clinical Laboratory, vol. 62, no. 4, pp. 599-608, 2016.
26. U. Toh, T. Fujii, N. Seki, F. Niiya, K. Shirouzu, and H. Yamana, “Characterization of IL-2-activated TILs and their use in intra-pericardial immunotherapy in malignant pericardial effusion,” Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy, vol. 55, no. 10, pp. 1219-1227, 2006.
27. L. Yuan, S. He, C. Guan, and Q. Pang, “The preparation and study on hepatic targeting tendency of galactosyl-anti-CD3-McAb in mice,” Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 424-426, 2001.
28. T. Kikuchi, M. Watanabe, and T. Ohno, “Cytological characteristics of human glioma-infiltrating lymphocytes stimulated with recombinant interleukin 2 and an anti-CD3 antibody,” Japanese Journal of Cancer Research, vol. 82, no. 3, pp. 339-345, 1991.
29. S. S. Jiang, Y. Tang, Y. J. Zhang et al., “A phase I clinical trial utilizing autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma,” Oncotarget, vol. 6, no. 38, pp. 41339-41349, 2015.
30. T. Kamiya, Y. H. Chang, and D. Campana, “Expanded and activated natural killer cells for immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma,” Cancer Immunology Research, vol. 4, no. 7, pp. 574-581, 2016.
31. M. Chmielewski, A. A. Hombach, and H. Abken, “Antigen-specific T-cell activation independently of the MHC: chimeric antigen receptor-redirected T cells,” Frontiers in Immunology, vol. 4, p. 371, 2013.
32. T. Li, H. T. Wang, and Z. G. Liu, “CAR technology and its application in treatment of multiple myeloma-review,” Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 279-284, 2016.
33. C. A. Ramos and G. Dotti, “Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)engineered lymphocytes for cancer therapy,” Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, vol. 11, no. 7, pp. 855-873, 2011.
34. S. J. Priceman, S. J. Forman, and C. E. Brown, “Smart CARs engineered for cancer immunotherapy,” Current Opinion in Oncology, vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 466-474, 2015.
35. G. Dotti, B. Savoldo, and M. Brenner, “Fifteen years of gene therapy based on chimeric antigen receptors: "are we nearly there yet?",” Human Gene Therapy, vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 1229-1239, 2009.
36. S. J. C. van der Stegen, M. Hamieh, and M. Sadelain, “The pharmacology of second-generation chimeric antigen receptors,” Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, vol. 14, no. 7, pp. 499-509, 2015.
37. X. Y. Tang, Y. Sun, A. Zhang et al., “Third-generation CD28/4-1BB chimeric antigen receptor T cells for chemotherapy relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a non-randomised, open-label phase I trial protocol,” BMJ Open, vol. 6, no. 12, article e013904, 2016.
38. M. Chmielewski and H. Abken, “TRUCKs: the fourth generation of CARs,” Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, vol. 15, no. 8, pp. 1145-1154, 2015.
39. H. Shirakawa, H. Suzuki, M. Shimomura et al., “Glypican-3 expression is correlated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma,” Cancer Science, vol. 100, no. 8, pp. 1403-1407, 2009.
40. H. Gao, K. Li, H. Tu et al., “Development of T cells redirected to glypican-3 for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma,” Clinical Cancer Research, vol. 20, no. 24, pp. 6418-6428, 2014.
41. C. Chen, K. Li, H. Jiang et al., “Development of T cells carrying two complementary chimeric antigen receptors against glypican-3 and asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma,” Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy, vol. 66, no. 4, pp. 475-489, 2017.
42. G. Gross and Z. Eshhar, “Therapeutic potential of T cell chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) in cancer treatment: counteracting off-tumor toxicities for safe CAR T cell therapy,” Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 59-83, 2016.
43. D. T. Teachey, S. F. Lacey, P. A. Shaw et al., “Identification of predictive biomarkers for cytokine release syndrome after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia,” Cancer Discovery, vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 664-679, 2016.
44. X. J. Xu and Y. M. Tang, “Cytokine release syndrome in cancer immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor engineered T cells,” Cancer Letters, vol. 343, no. 2, pp. 172-178, 2014.
45. V. D. Fedorov, M. Themeli, and M. Sadelain, “PD-1- and CTLA-4-based inhibitory chimeric antigen receptors (iCARs) divert off-target immunotherapy responses,” Science Translational Medicine, vol. 5, no. 215, article 215ra172, 2013.
46. C. C. Kloss, M. Condomines, M. Cartellieri, M. Bachmann, and M. Sadelain, “Combinatorial antigen recognition with balanced signaling promotes selective tumor eradication by engineered T cells,” Nature Biotechnology, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 71-75, 2013.
47. H. J. Pegram, J. T. Jackson, M. J. Smyth, M. H. Kershaw, and P. K. Darcy, “Adoptive transfer of gene-modified primary NK cells can specifically inhibit tumor progression in vivo,” Journal of Immunology, vol. 181, no. 5, pp. 3449-3455, 2008.
48. M. Rischer, S. Pscherer, S. Duwe, J. Vormoor, H. Jurgens, and C. Rossig, “Human γδ T cells as mediators of chimaeric-receptor redirected anti-tumour immunity,” British Journal of Haematology, vol. 126, no. 4, pp. 583-592, 2004.
49. furin/GM-CSF augmented autologous tumor cell immunotherapy (FANG™) in advanced cancer of the liver,” Oncology, vol. 87, no. 1, pp. 21-29, 2014.
50. T. Y. Sun, W. Yan, C. M. Yang et al., “Clinical research on dendritic cell vaccines to prevent postoperative recurrence and metastasis of liver cancer,” Genetics and Molecular Research, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 16222-16232, 2015.
51. W. Zhang, J. Liu, Y. Wu et al., “Immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma with a vaccine based on xenogeneic homologous α fetoprotein in mice,” Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol. 376, no. 1, pp. 10-14, 2008.
52. Y. Sawada, T. Yoshikawa, K. Ofuji et al., “Phase II study of the GPC3-derived peptide vaccine as an adjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma patients,” OncoImmunology, vol. 5, no. 5, article e1129483, 2016.
53. K. Takakura, M. Kajihara, Z. Ito, T. Ohkusa, J. Gong, and S. Koido, “Dendritic-tumor fusion cells in cancer immunotherapy,” Discovery Medicine, vol. 19, no. 104, pp. 169-174, 2015.
54. T. Zhao, H. Jia, Q. Cheng et al., “Nifuroxazide prompts antitumor immune response of TCL-loaded DC in mice with orthotopically-implanted hepatocarcinoma,” Oncology Reports, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 3405-3414, 2017.
55. J. H. Lee, Y. Lee, M. Lee et al., “A phase I/IIa study of adjuvant immunotherapy with tumour antigen-pulsed dendritic cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma,” British Journal of Cancer, vol. 113, no. 12, pp. 1666-1676, 2015.
56. M. El Ansary, S. Mogawer, S. A. Elhamid et al., “Immunotherapy by autologous dendritic cell vaccine in patients with advanced HCC,” Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, vol. 139, no. 1, pp. 39-48, 2013.
57. J. B. Haanen and C. Robert, “Immune checkpoint inhibitors,” Progress in Tumor Research, vol. 42, pp. 55-66, 2015.
58. T. Hato, L. Goyal, T. F. Greten, D. G. Duda, and A. X. Zhu, “Immune checkpoint blockade in hepatocellular carcinoma: current progress and future directions,” Hepatology, vol. 60, no. 5, pp. 1776-1782, 2014.
59. X. Meng, Z. Huang, F. Teng, L. Xing, and J. Yu, “Predictive biomarkers in PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockade immunotherapy,” Cancer Treatment Reviews, vol. 41, no. 10, pp. 868-876, 2015.
60. M. D. Vesely, M. H. Kershaw, R. D. Schreiber, and M. J. Smyth, “Natural innate and adaptive immunity to cancer,” Annual Review of Immunology, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 235-271, 2011.
61. A. V. Collins, D. W. Brodie, R. J. C. Gilbert et al., “The interaction properties of costimulatory molecules revisited,” Immunity, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 201-210, 2002.
62. B. Sangro, C. Gomez-Martin, M. de la Mata et al., “A clinical trial of CTLA-4 blockade with tremelimumab in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic hepatitis C,” Journal of Hepatology, vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 81-88, 2013.
63. A. G. Duffy, S. V. Ulahannan, O. Makorova-Rusher et al., “Tremelimumab in combination with ablation in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma,” Journal of Hepatology, vol. 66, no. 3, pp. 545-551, 2017.
64. L. Shi, S. Chen, L. Yang, and Y. Li, “The role of PD-1 and PD-L1 in T-cell immune suppression in patients with hematological malignancies,” Journal of Hematology & Oncology, vol. 6, no. 1, p. 74, 2013.
65. S. Dai, R. Jia, X. Zhang, Q. Fang, and L. Huang, “The PD-1/PD-Ls pathway and autoimmune diseases,” Cellular Immunology, vol. 290, no. 1, pp. 72-79, 2014.
66. A. B. El-Khoueiry, I. Melero, T. S. Crocenzi et al., “Phase I/II safety and antitumor activity of nivolumab in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): CA209-040,” Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol. 33, no. 18, article LBA101, 2015Supplement, 2015.
67. A. B. El-Khoueiry, B. Sangro, T. Yau et al., “Nivolumab in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (CheckMate 040): an open-label, non-comparative, phase 1/2 dose escalation and expansion trial,” Lancet, vol. 389, no. 10088, pp. 2492-2502, 2017.
68. Y. Iwai, M. Ishida, Y. Tanaka, T. Okazaki, T. Honjo, and N. Minato, “Involvement of PD-L1 on tumor cells in the escape from host immune system and tumor immunotherapy by PD-L1 blockade,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 99, no. 19, pp. 12293-12297, 2002.
69. F. Zhong, X. Cheng, S. Sun, and J. Zhou, “Transcriptional activation of PD-L1 by Sox2 contributes to the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells,” Oncology Reports, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 3061-3067, 2017.
70. J. Liu, Y. Liu, L. Meng, K. Liu, and B. Ji, “Targeting the PD-L1/ DNMT1 axis in acquired resistance to sorafenib in human hepatocellular carcinoma,” Oncology Reports, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 899-907, 2017.
71. A. M. Hammill, J. Conner, and T. P. Cripe, “Oncolytic virotherapy reaches adolescence,” Pediatric Blood & Cancer, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 1253-1263, 2010.
72. M. G. Bourke, S. Salwa, K. J. Harrington et al., “The emerging role of viruses in the treatment of solid tumours,” Cancer Treatment Reviews, vol. 37, no. 8, pp. 618-632, 2011.
73. L. C. Platanias, “Mechanisms of type-I- and type-II-interferon-mediated signalling,” Nature Reviews Immunology, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 375-386, 2005.
74. H. L. Kaufman, F. J. Kohlhapp, and A. Zloza, “Oncolytic viruses: a new class of immunotherapy drugs,” Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, vol. 14, no. 9, pp. 642-662, 2015.
75. V. Schirrmacher, “Oncolytic Newcastle disease virus as a prospective anti-cancer therapy. A biologic agent with potential to break therapy resistance,” Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, vol. 15, no. 12, pp. 1757-1771, 2015.
76. E. A. Chiocca and S. D. Rabkin, “Oncolytic viruses and their application to cancer immunotherapy,” Cancer Immunology Research, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 295-300, 2014.
77. S. T. Workenhe and K. L. Mossman, “Oncolytic virotherapy and immunogenic cancer cell death: sharpening the sword for improved cancer treatment strategies,” Molecular Therapy, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 251-256, 2014.
78. M. M. Stanford, J. C. Bell, and M. J. V. Vähä-Koskela, “Novel oncolytic viruses: riding high on the next wave?,” Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews, vol. 21, no. 2-3, pp. 177-183, 2010.
79. W. Zhang, K. Ge, Q. Zhao et al., “A novel oHSV-1 targeting telomerase reverse transcriptase-positive cancer cells via tumor-specific promoters regulating the expression of ICP4,” Oncotarget, vol. 6, no. 24, pp. 20345-20355, 2015.
80. C. J. Breitbach, R. Arulanandam, N. de Silva et al., “Oncolytic vaccinia virus disrupts tumor-associated vasculature in humans,” Cancer Research, vol. 73, no. 4, pp. 1265-1275, 2013.
81. S. Y. Yoo, S. N. Jeong, D. H. Kang, and J. Heo, “Evolutionary cancer-favoring engineered vaccinia virus for metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma,” Oncotarget, vol. 8, no. 42, pp. 71489-71499, 2017.
82. K. A. Parato, C. J. Breitbach, F. le Boeuf et al., “The oncolytic poxvirus JX-594 selectively replicates in and destroys cancer cells driven by genetic pathways commonly activated in cancers,” Molecular Therapy, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 749-758, 2012.
83. C. J. Breitbach, A. Moon, J. Burke, T. H. Hwang, and D. H. Kirn, “A phase 2, open-label, randomized study of Pexa-Vec (JX-594) administered by intratumoral injection in patients with unresectable primary hepatocellular carcinoma,” Methods in Molecular Biology, vol. 1317, pp. 343-357, 2015.
84. J. W. Ady, J. Heffner, K. Mojica et al., “Oncolytic immunotherapy using recombinant vaccinia virus GLV-1h68 kills sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma efficiently,” Surgery, vol. 156, no. 2, pp. 263-269, 2014.
85. J. Wang, L. Xu, W. Zeng et al., “Treatment of human hepatocellular carcinoma by the oncolytic herpes simplex virus G47delta,” Cancer Cell International, vol. 14, no. 1, p. 83, 2014.