메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 108, Issue , 2018, Pages 278-285

Driver error or designer error: Using the Perceptual Cycle Model to explore the circumstances surrounding the fatal Tesla crash on 7th May 2016

Author keywords

Driving automation; Human error; Mental models; Perceptual cycle model; Schema theory

Indexed keywords

COGNITIVE SYSTEMS; HIGHWAY ACCIDENTS;

EID: 85038859286     PISSN: 09257535     EISSN: 18791042     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2017.12.023     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (150)

References (78)
  • 1
    • 85008848398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A note on the validity and reliability of ergonomics methods
    • Annett, J., A note on the validity and reliability of ergonomics methods. Theoret. Issues Ergon. Sci. 3:2 (2002), 228–232.
    • (2002) Theoret. Issues Ergon. Sci. , vol.3 , Issue.2 , pp. 228-232
    • Annett, J.1
  • 2
    • 0033910023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human factors and aviation safety: what the industry has, what the industry needs
    • Aurino, D.E.M., Human factors and aviation safety: what the industry has, what the industry needs. Ergonomics 43:7 (2000), 952–959.
    • (2000) Ergonomics , vol.43 , Issue.7 , pp. 952-959
    • Aurino, D.E.M.1
  • 3
    • 84879259231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using social network analysis and agent-based modelling to explore information flow using common operational pictures for maritime search and rescue operations
    • Baber, C., Stanton, N.A., Atkinson, J., McMaster, R., Houghton, R.J., Using social network analysis and agent-based modelling to explore information flow using common operational pictures for maritime search and rescue operations. Ergonomics 56:6 (2013), 889–905.
    • (2013) Ergonomics , vol.56 , Issue.6 , pp. 889-905
    • Baber, C.1    Stanton, N.A.2    Atkinson, J.3    McMaster, R.4    Houghton, R.J.5
  • 4
    • 85035324754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is partially automated driving a bad idea? Observations from an on road study
    • Banks, V.A., Eriksson, A., O'Donoghue, J., Stanton, N.A., Is partially automated driving a bad idea? Observations from an on road study. Appl. Ergon. 68 (2018), 138–145.
    • (2018) Appl. Ergon. , vol.68 , pp. 138-145
    • Banks, V.A.1    Eriksson, A.2    O'Donoghue, J.3    Stanton, N.A.4
  • 5
    • 85009985669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovering driver-vehicle coordination problems in future automated control systems: evidence from verbal commentaries
    • Banks, V.A., Stanton, N.A., Discovering driver-vehicle coordination problems in future automated control systems: evidence from verbal commentaries. Procedia Manuf. 3 (2015), 2497–2504.
    • (2015) Procedia Manuf. , vol.3 , pp. 2497-2504
    • Banks, V.A.1    Stanton, N.A.2
  • 6
    • 84958654861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Keep the driver in control: automating automobiles of the future
    • Banks, V.A., Stanton, N.A., Keep the driver in control: automating automobiles of the future. Appl. Ergon. 53:B (2016), 389–395.
    • (2016) Appl. Ergon. , vol.53 , Issue.B , pp. 389-395
    • Banks, V.A.1    Stanton, N.A.2
  • 7
    • 85032470944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of driver roles: Modelling the changing role of the driver in automated driving systems using EAST
    • Banks, V.A., Stanton, N.A., Analysis of driver roles: Modelling the changing role of the driver in automated driving systems using EAST. Theoret. Issues Ergon. Sci., 2018.
    • (2018) Theoret. Issues Ergon. Sci.
    • Banks, V.A.1    Stanton, N.A.2
  • 8
    • 85038016155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distributed Cognition on the road: Using EAST to explore future road transportation systems
    • Banks, V.A., Stanton, N.A., Burnett, G., Hermawati, S., Distributed Cognition on the road: Using EAST to explore future road transportation systems. Appl. Ergon. 68 (2018), 258–266.
    • (2018) Appl. Ergon. , vol.68 , pp. 258-266
    • Banks, V.A.1    Stanton, N.A.2    Burnett, G.3    Hermawati, S.4
  • 9
    • 84887392688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sub-systems on the road to vehicle automation: Hands and feet free but not ‘mind’ free driving
    • Banks, V.A., Stanton, N.A., Harvey, C., Sub-systems on the road to vehicle automation: Hands and feet free but not ‘mind’ free driving. Saf. Sci. 62 (2014), 505–514.
    • (2014) Saf. Sci. , vol.62 , pp. 505-514
    • Banks, V.A.1    Stanton, N.A.2    Harvey, C.3
  • 10
    • 0004010818 scopus 로고
    • Remembering: A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology
    • Cambridge University Press Cambridge
    • Bartlett, F.C., Remembering: A Study in Experimental and Social Psychology. 1932, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (1932)
    • Bartlett, F.C.1
  • 11
  • 12
    • 84928940894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vigilance impossible: diligence, distraction, and daydreaming all lead to failures in a practical monitoring task
    • Casner, S.M., Schooler, J.W., Vigilance impossible: diligence, distraction, and daydreaming all lead to failures in a practical monitoring task. Conscious. Cogn. 35 (2015), 33–41.
    • (2015) Conscious. Cogn. , vol.35 , pp. 33-41
    • Casner, S.M.1    Schooler, J.W.2
  • 13
    • 0003801937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Chapanis chronicles: 50 years of Human Factors Research, Education, and Design
    • Aegean Pub
    • Chapanis, A., The Chapanis chronicles: 50 years of Human Factors Research, Education, and Design. 1999, Aegean Pub.
    • (1999)
    • Chapanis, A.1
  • 14
    • 84900180263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Field Guide to Understanding Human Error
    • Ashgate Aldershot
    • Dekker, S.W., The Field Guide to Understanding Human Error. 2006, Ashgate, Aldershot.
    • (2006)
    • Dekker, S.W.1
  • 15
    • 80051735107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is rational about killing a patient with an overdose? Enlightenment, continental philosophy and the role of the human subject in system failure
    • Dekker, S.W., What is rational about killing a patient with an overdose? Enlightenment, continental philosophy and the role of the human subject in system failure. Ergonomics 54:8 (2011), 679–683.
    • (2011) Ergonomics , vol.54 , Issue.8 , pp. 679-683
    • Dekker, S.W.1
  • 16
    • 34247505580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety implications of providing real-time feedback to distracted drivers
    • Donmez, B., Boyle, L.N., Lee, J.D., Safety implications of providing real-time feedback to distracted drivers. Accid. Anal. Prev. 39:3 (2007), 581–590.
    • (2007) Accid. Anal. Prev. , vol.39 , Issue.3 , pp. 581-590
    • Donmez, B.1    Boyle, L.N.2    Lee, J.D.3
  • 17
    • 85048761955 scopus 로고
    • SHERPA: a systematic human error reduction and prediction approach. In: Proceedings of the International Topical Meeting on Advances in Human Factors in Nuclear Power Systems, Knoxville, Tennessee.
    • Embrey, D.E., 1986. SHERPA: a systematic human error reduction and prediction approach. In: Proceedings of the International Topical Meeting on Advances in Human Factors in Nuclear Power Systems, Knoxville, Tennessee.
    • (1986)
    • Embrey, D.E.1
  • 18
    • 85026471986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autonomous driving systems: a preliminary naturalistic study of the Tesla Model S
    • Endsley, M.R., Autonomous driving systems: a preliminary naturalistic study of the Tesla Model S. J. Cognit. Eng. Decis. Mak., 2017, 10.1177/1555343417695197.
    • (2017) J. Cognit. Eng. Decis. Mak.
    • Endsley, M.R.1
  • 19
    • 85015845074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Take-over time in highly automated vehicles: non-critical transitions to and from manual control
    • Eriksson, A., Stanton, N.A., Take-over time in highly automated vehicles: non-critical transitions to and from manual control. Hum. Factors 59:4 (2017), 689–705.
    • (2017) Hum. Factors , vol.59 , Issue.4 , pp. 689-705
    • Eriksson, A.1    Stanton, N.A.2
  • 22
    • 0003676045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Memory and Remembering: Everyday Memory in Context
    • Longman London
    • Groeger, J.A., Memory and Remembering: Everyday Memory in Context. 1997, Longman, London.
    • (1997)
    • Groeger, J.A.1
  • 23
    • 84886374724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In search of vigilance
    • Hancock, P.A., In search of vigilance. Am. Psychol. 68:2 (2013), 97–109.
    • (2013) Am. Psychol. , vol.68 , Issue.2 , pp. 97-109
    • Hancock, P.A.1
  • 24
    • 0004271619 scopus 로고
    • Oxford University Press London
    • Head, H., Studies in Neurology, vol. I, 1920, Oxford University Press, London.
    • (1920) Studies in Neurology , vol.vol. I
    • Head, H.1
  • 25
    • 84957843149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychological constructs in driving automation: a consensus model and critical comment on construct proliferation
    • Heikoop, D.D., De Winter, J.C.F., Van Arem, B., Stanton, N.A., Psychological constructs in driving automation: a consensus model and critical comment on construct proliferation. Theoret. Issues Ergon. Sci. 17 (2016), 284–303.
    • (2016) Theoret. Issues Ergon. Sci. , vol.17 , pp. 284-303
    • Heikoop, D.D.1    De Winter, J.C.F.2    Van Arem, B.3    Stanton, N.A.4
  • 26
    • 85007786659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cooperation between drivers and automation: implications for safety
    • Hoc, J.M., Young, M.S., Blosseville, J.M., Cooperation between drivers and automation: implications for safety. Theoret. Issues Ergon. Sci. 10:2 (2009), 135–160.
    • (2009) Theoret. Issues Ergon. Sci. , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 135-160
    • Hoc, J.M.1    Young, M.S.2    Blosseville, J.M.3
  • 27
    • 85040584427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Joint Cognitive Systems Foundations of Cognitive Systems Engineering
    • CRC Press
    • Hollnagel, E., Woods, D.D., Joint Cognitive Systems Foundations of Cognitive Systems Engineering. 2005, CRC Press.
    • (2005)
    • Hollnagel, E.1    Woods, D.D.2
  • 28
    • 79551596625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What could they have been thinking? How sociotechnical system design influences cognition: a case study of the Stockwell shooting
    • Jenkins, D., Salmon, P.M., Stanton, N.A., Walker, G.H., Rafferty, L., What could they have been thinking? How sociotechnical system design influences cognition: a case study of the Stockwell shooting. Ergonomics 54:2 (2011), 103–119.
    • (2011) Ergonomics , vol.54 , Issue.2 , pp. 103-119
    • Jenkins, D.1    Salmon, P.M.2    Stanton, N.A.3    Walker, G.H.4    Rafferty, L.5
  • 29
    • 84894048800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tactical driving behavior with different levels of automation
    • Kircher, K., Larsson, A., Hultgren, J.A., Tactical driving behavior with different levels of automation. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 15:1 (2014), 158–167.
    • (2014) IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 158-167
    • Kircher, K.1    Larsson, A.2    Hultgren, J.A.3
  • 32
    • 85010007963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trust in automation: designing for appropriate reliance
    • Lee, J.D., See, K.A., Trust in automation: designing for appropriate reliance. Hum. Fact. 46:1 (2004), 50–80.
    • (2004) Hum. Fact. , vol.46 , Issue.1 , pp. 50-80
    • Lee, J.D.1    See, K.A.2
  • 33
    • 0003827962 scopus 로고
    • Stories Scripts and Scenes: Aspects of Schema Theory
    • Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Hillsdale, NJ
    • Mandler, J.M., Stories Scripts and Scenes: Aspects of Schema Theory. 1984, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ.
    • (1984)
    • Mandler, J.M.1
  • 34
    • 0030175180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring an automated system for a single failure: vigilance and task complexity effects
    • Molloy, R., Parasuraman, R., Monitoring an automated system for a single failure: vigilance and task complexity effects. Hum. Factors 38 (1996), 311–322.
    • (1996) Hum. Factors , vol.38 , pp. 311-322
    • Molloy, R.1    Parasuraman, R.2
  • 35
    • 85048738420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ODI resume. Available at <>.
    • National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2017. ODI resume. Available at < https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/inv/2016/INCLA-PE16007-7876.PDF>.
    • (2017)
    • National Highway Traffic 4 Administration1
  • 36
    • 85048795628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • a. Driver assistance systems specialists factual report. Available at: <> (accessed 9 Aug 2017).
    • National Transportation Safety Board, 2017a. Driver assistance systems specialists factual report. Available at: < https://dms.ntsb.gov/pubdms/> (accessed 9 Aug 2017).
    • (2017)
    • National Transportation Safety Board1
  • 37
    • 85048825795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • b. Collision between a car operating with automated vehicle control systems and a tractor-semitrailer truck near Williston, Florida, May 7. Available at: <> (accessed 9 Aug 2017)., 2016
    • National Transportation Safety Board, 2017b. Collision between a car operating with automated vehicle control systems and a tractor-semitrailer truck near Williston, Florida, May 7, 2016. Available at: < https://dms.ntsb.gov/pubdms/> (accessed 9 Aug 2017).
    • (2017)
    • National Transportation Safety Board1
  • 38
    • 0004267783 scopus 로고
    • Cognition and Reality
    • W.H. Freeman and Company San Francisco
    • Neisser, U., Cognition and Reality. 1976, W.H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco.
    • (1976)
    • Neisser, U.1
  • 39
    • 85144922071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The human side of automation
    • Springer International Publishing
    • Norman, D.A., The human side of automation. Road Vehicle Automation, 2, 2015, Springer International Publishing, 73–79.
    • (2015) Road Vehicle Automation , vol.2 , pp. 73-79
    • Norman, D.A.1
  • 40
    • 58149402993 scopus 로고
    • Categorization of action slips
    • Norman, D.A., Categorization of action slips. Psychol. Rev. 88 (1981), 1–15.
    • (1981) Psychol. Rev. , vol.88 , pp. 1-15
    • Norman, D.A.1
  • 41
    • 1842798202 scopus 로고
    • Performance consequences of automation-induced ‘complacency’
    • Parasuraman, R., Molloy, R., Singh, I.L., Performance consequences of automation-induced ‘complacency’. Int. J. Aviat. Psychol. 3 (1993), 1–23.
    • (1993) Int. J. Aviat. Psychol. , vol.3 , pp. 1-23
    • Parasuraman, R.1    Molloy, R.2    Singh, I.L.3
  • 42
    • 0031171736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Humans and automation: use, misuse, disuse, abuse
    • Parasuraman, R., Riley, V., Humans and automation: use, misuse, disuse, abuse. Hum. Factors 39:2 (1997), 230–253.
    • (1997) Hum. Factors , vol.39 , Issue.2 , pp. 230-253
    • Parasuraman, R.1    Riley, V.2
  • 43
    • 0003752618 scopus 로고
    • The Child's Conception of the World
    • Harcourt, Brace New York
    • Piaget, J., The Child's Conception of the World. 1926, Harcourt, Brace, New York.
    • (1926)
    • Piaget, J.1
  • 44
    • 82455171974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why did the pilots shut down the wrong engine? Explaining errors in context using Schema Theory and the Perceptual Cycle Model
    • Plant, K.L., Stanton, N.A., Why did the pilots shut down the wrong engine? Explaining errors in context using Schema Theory and the Perceptual Cycle Model. Saf. Sci. 50:2 (2012), 300–315.
    • (2012) Saf. Sci. , vol.50 , Issue.2 , pp. 300-315
    • Plant, K.L.1    Stanton, N.A.2
  • 45
    • 84873182190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The explanatory power of schema theory: Theoretical foundations and future applications in ergonomics
    • Plant, K.L., Stanton, N.A., The explanatory power of schema theory: Theoretical foundations and future applications in ergonomics. Ergonomics 51:6 (2013), 1–15.
    • (2013) Ergonomics , vol.51 , Issue.6 , pp. 1-15
    • Plant, K.L.1    Stanton, N.A.2
  • 46
    • 84884417605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is on your mind? Using the perceptual cycle model and critical decision method to understand the decision-making process in the cockpit
    • Plant, K.L., Stanton, N.A., What is on your mind? Using the perceptual cycle model and critical decision method to understand the decision-making process in the cockpit. Ergonomics 56:8 (2013), 1232–1250.
    • (2013) Ergonomics , vol.56 , Issue.8 , pp. 1232-1250
    • Plant, K.L.1    Stanton, N.A.2
  • 47
    • 84907674550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • All for one and one for all: Representing teams as a collection of individuals and an individual collective using a network perceptual cycle approach
    • Plant, K.L., Stanton, N.A., All for one and one for all: Representing teams as a collection of individuals and an individual collective using a network perceptual cycle approach. Int. J. Ind. Ergon. 44:5 (2014), 777–792.
    • (2014) Int. J. Ind. Ergon. , vol.44 , Issue.5 , pp. 777-792
    • Plant, K.L.1    Stanton, N.A.2
  • 48
    • 84929508018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The process of processing: Exploring the validity of Neisser's perceptual cycle model with accounts from critical decision-making in the cockpit
    • Plant, K.L., Stanton, N.A., The process of processing: Exploring the validity of Neisser's perceptual cycle model with accounts from critical decision-making in the cockpit. Ergonomics 58:6 (2015), 909–923.
    • (2015) Ergonomics , vol.58 , Issue.6 , pp. 909-923
    • Plant, K.L.1    Stanton, N.A.2
  • 50
    • 0004223940 scopus 로고
    • Human Error
    • Cambridge University Press Cambridge
    • Reason, J., Human Error. 1990, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (1990)
    • Reason, J.1
  • 51
    • 85007863373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Internal representations, external representations and ergonomics: towards a theoretical integration
    • Richardson, M., Ball, L.J., Internal representations, external representations and ergonomics: towards a theoretical integration. Theoret. Issues Ergon. Sci. 10:4 (2009), 335–376.
    • (2009) Theoret. Issues Ergon. Sci. , vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp. 335-376
    • Richardson, M.1    Ball, L.J.2
  • 52
    • 85048774883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Society of Automotive Engineers. Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicles, J3016_201609. SAE International.
    • Society of Automotive Engineers, 2016. Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicles, J3016_201609. SAE International.
    • (2016)
  • 53
    • 84870297874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The crash at Kerang: investigating systemic and psychological factors leading to unintentional non-compliance at rail level crossings
    • Salmon, P.M., Read, G.J., Stanton, N.A., Lenné, M.G., The crash at Kerang: investigating systemic and psychological factors leading to unintentional non-compliance at rail level crossings. Accid. Anal. Prev. 50 (2013), 1278–1288.
    • (2013) Accid. Anal. Prev. , vol.50 , pp. 1278-1288
    • Salmon, P.M.1    Read, G.J.2    Stanton, N.A.3    Lenné, M.G.4
  • 55
    • 0029257139 scopus 로고
    • How in the world did we ever get into that mode? Mode error and awareness in supervisory control
    • Sarter, N.B., Woods, D.D., How in the world did we ever get into that mode? Mode error and awareness in supervisory control. Hum. Factors 37 (1995), 5–19.
    • (1995) Hum. Factors , vol.37 , pp. 5-19
    • Sarter, N.B.1    Woods, D.D.2
  • 56
    • 84962920800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis of factors influencing the development of trust in automation: implications for understanding autonomy in future systems
    • Schaefer, K.E., Chen, J.Y.C., Szalma, J.L., Hancock, P.A., A meta-analysis of factors influencing the development of trust in automation: implications for understanding autonomy in future systems. Hum. Factors 58:3 (2016), 377–400.
    • (2016) Hum. Factors , vol.58 , Issue.3 , pp. 377-400
    • Schaefer, K.E.1    Chen, J.Y.C.2    Szalma, J.L.3    Hancock, P.A.4
  • 57
    • 84969921774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The truth about “self-driving” cars
    • Shladover, S.E., The truth about “self-driving” cars. Sci. Am. 314:6 (2016), 52–57.
    • (2016) Sci. Am. , vol.314 , Issue.6 , pp. 52-57
    • Shladover, S.E.1
  • 58
    • 84973837817 scopus 로고
    • Big brother as driver: New demands and problems for the man at the wheel
    • Sherdian, T.B., Big brother as driver: New demands and problems for the man at the wheel. Hum. Factors 12 (1970), 95–101.
    • (1970) Hum. Factors , vol.12 , pp. 95-101
    • Sherdian, T.B.1
  • 59
    • 85007286242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responses to autonomous vehicles
    • Stanton, N.A., Responses to autonomous vehicles. Ingenia, 62, 2015, 9.
    • (2015) Ingenia , vol.62 , pp. 9
    • Stanton, N.A.1
  • 60
    • 84950119895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distributed situation awareness
    • Stanton, N.A., Distributed situation awareness. Theoret. Issues Ergon. Sci. 17:1 (2016), 1–7.
    • (2016) Theoret. Issues Ergon. Sci. , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-7
    • Stanton, N.A.1
  • 61
    • 79551574589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of new in-path targets by drivers using Stop & Go Adaptive Cruise Control
    • Stanton, N.A., Dunoyer, A., Leatherland, A., Detection of new in-path targets by drivers using Stop & Go Adaptive Cruise Control. Appl. Ergon. 42:4 (2011), 592–601.
    • (2011) Appl. Ergon. , vol.42 , Issue.4 , pp. 592-601
    • Stanton, N.A.1    Dunoyer, A.2    Leatherland, A.3
  • 62
    • 0030272051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From fly-by-wire to drive-by-wire: safety implications of automation in vehicles
    • Stanton, N.A., Marsden, P.P., From fly-by-wire to drive-by-wire: safety implications of automation in vehicles. Saf. Sci. 24:1 (1996), 35–49.
    • (1996) Saf. Sci. , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 35-49
    • Stanton, N.A.1    Marsden, P.P.2
  • 63
    • 56949093997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human error taxonomies applied to driving: a generic driver error taxonomy and its implications for intelligent transport systems
    • Stanton, N.A., Salmon, P.M., Human error taxonomies applied to driving: a generic driver error taxonomy and its implications for intelligent transport systems. Saf. Sci. 47:2 (2009), 227–237.
    • (2009) Saf. Sci. , vol.47 , Issue.2 , pp. 227-237
    • Stanton, N.A.1    Salmon, P.M.2
  • 65
    • 85007823425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotype and phenotype schemata and their role in distributed situation awareness in collaborative systems
    • Stanton, N.A., Salmon, P.M., Walker, G.H., Jenkins, D., Genotype and phenotype schemata and their role in distributed situation awareness in collaborative systems. Theoret. Issues Ergon. Sci. 10:1 (2009), 43–68.
    • (2009) Theoret. Issues Ergon. Sci. , vol.10 , Issue.1 , pp. 43-68
    • Stanton, N.A.1    Salmon, P.M.2    Walker, G.H.3    Jenkins, D.4
  • 66
    • 85011665535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • State-of-science: situation awareness in individuals, teams and systems
    • Stanton, N.A., Salmon, P.M., Walker, G.H., Salas, E., Hancock, P.A., State-of-science: situation awareness in individuals, teams and systems. Ergonomics 60:4 (2017), 449–466.
    • (2017) Ergonomics , vol.60 , Issue.4 , pp. 449-466
    • Stanton, N.A.1    Salmon, P.M.2    Walker, G.H.3    Salas, E.4    Hancock, P.A.5
  • 67
    • 33749341908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distributed situation awareness in dynamic systems: Theoretical development and application of an ergonomics methodology
    • Stanton, N.A., Stewart, R., Harris, D., Houghton, R.J., Baber, C., McMaster, R., Salmon, P., Distributed situation awareness in dynamic systems: Theoretical development and application of an ergonomics methodology. Ergonomics 49:12–13 (2006), 1288–1311.
    • (2006) Ergonomics , vol.49 , Issue.12-13 , pp. 1288-1311
    • Stanton, N.A.1    Stewart, R.2    Harris, D.3    Houghton, R.J.4    Baber, C.5    McMaster, R.6    Salmon, P.7
  • 68
    • 79952451142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the psychological factors involved in the Ladbroke Grove rail accident
    • Stanton, N.A., Walker, G.H., Exploring the psychological factors involved in the Ladbroke Grove rail accident. Acc. Anal. Prevent. 43 (2011), 1117–1127.
    • (2011) Acc. Anal. Prevent. , vol.43 , pp. 1117-1127
    • Stanton, N.A.1    Walker, G.H.2
  • 69
    • 0033587126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What price ergonomics?
    • Stanton, N.A., Young, M.S., What price ergonomics?. Nature 399 (1999), 197–198.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.399 , pp. 197-198
    • Stanton, N.A.1    Young, M.S.2
  • 70
    • 85008812552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A proposed psychological model of driving automation
    • Stanton, N.A., Young, M.S., A proposed psychological model of driving automation. Theoret. Issues Ergon. Sci. 1:4 (2000), 315–331.
    • (2000) Theoret. Issues Ergon. Sci. , vol.1 , Issue.4 , pp. 315-331
    • Stanton, N.A.1    Young, M.S.2
  • 71
    • 0031279156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drive-by-wire: the case of mental workload and the ability of the driver to reclaim control
    • Stanton, N., Young, M., McCaulder, B., Drive-by-wire: the case of mental workload and the ability of the driver to reclaim control. Saf. Sci. 27:2–3 (1997), 149–159.
    • (1997) Saf. Sci. , vol.27 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 149-159
    • Stanton, N.1    Young, M.2    McCaulder, B.3
  • 72
    • 34848890011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The psychology of driving automation: a discussion with Professor Don Norman
    • Stanton, N.A., Young, M.S., Walker, G.H., The psychology of driving automation: a discussion with Professor Don Norman. Int. J. Veh. Design 45:3 (2007), 289–306.
    • (2007) Int. J. Veh. Design , vol.45 , Issue.3 , pp. 289-306
    • Stanton, N.A.1    Young, M.S.2    Walker, G.H.3
  • 73
    • 85048790289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tesla crash report blames human error – this is a missed opportunity. The Guardian. Retrieved from <> (accessed 14 Aug 2017).
    • Stilgoe, J., 2017. Tesla crash report blames human error – this is a missed opportunity. The Guardian. Retrieved from < https://www.theguardian.com/science/political-science/2017/jan/21/tesla-crash-report-blames-human-error-this-is-a-missed-opportunity> (accessed 14 Aug 2017).
    • (2017)
    • Stilgoe, J.1
  • 74
    • 79952449829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive compatibility of motorcyclists and car drivers
    • Walker, G.H., Stanton, N.A., Salmon, P.M., Cognitive compatibility of motorcyclists and car drivers. Accid. Anal. Prev. 43 (2011), 878–888.
    • (2011) Accid. Anal. Prev. , vol.43 , pp. 878-888
    • Walker, G.H.1    Stanton, N.A.2    Salmon, P.M.3
  • 76
    • 77952548552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behind Human Error
    • Ashgate Publishing, Ltd
    • Woods, D.D., Behind Human Error. 2010, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
    • (2010)
    • Woods, D.D.1
  • 77
    • 34848863683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Driving automation: learning from aviation about design philosophies
    • Young, M.S., Stanton, N.A., Harris, D., Driving automation: learning from aviation about design philosophies. Int. J. Veh. Des. 45:3 (2007), 323–338.
    • (2007) Int. J. Veh. Des. , vol.45 , Issue.3 , pp. 323-338
    • Young, M.S.1    Stanton, N.A.2    Harris, D.3
  • 78
    • 85048767122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • YouTube. <> (accessed 03.07.2017).
    • YouTube, 2015. < https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5TjbqVartjM> (accessed 03.07.2017).
    • (2015)


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.