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For copper-catalyzed direct coupling of heteroarenes with aryl iodides, see
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For copper-catalyzed direct coupling of heteroarenes with aryl iodides, see
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Based on previous copper-catalyzed couplings (see Ref.[10]), the current reaction can be assumed to proceed by transmetalation followed by reaction with ArI. Since RZnX are known to undergo transmetalation with copper(I) salts below room temperature (see Ref.[13]), we believe that the reaction with ArI could be rate-limiting. In addition, alkylcopper(I) species are more electron-rich than aryl- and alkynylcopper(I) species and are more likely to react with ArI at lower temperatures than aryl- and alkynylcopper(I) species formed after transmetalation with alkyl-, aryl-, and alkynylzinc reagents.
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Based on previous copper-catalyzed couplings (see Ref.[10]), the current reaction can be assumed to proceed by transmetalation followed by reaction with ArI. Since RZnX are known to undergo transmetalation with copper(I) salts below room temperature (see Ref.[13]), we believe that the reaction with ArI could be rate-limiting. In addition, alkylcopper(I) species are more electron-rich than aryl- and alkynylcopper(I) species and are more likely to react with ArI at lower temperatures than aryl- and alkynylcopper(I) species formed after transmetalation with alkyl-, aryl-, and alkynylzinc reagents.
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