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Volumn 54, Issue 28, 2015, Pages 8236-8240

Ligand-Free Copper-Catalyzed Negishi Coupling of Alkyl-, Aryl-, and Alkynylzinc Reagents with Heteroaryl Iodides

Author keywords

copper; cross coupling; heterocycles; synthetic methods; zinc

Indexed keywords

CATALYSIS; COPPER; LIGANDS; ZINC;

EID: 85027952836     PISSN: 14337851     EISSN: 15213773     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502379     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (59)

References (88)
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    • Based on previous copper-catalyzed couplings (see Ref.[10]), the current reaction can be assumed to proceed by transmetalation followed by reaction with ArI. Since RZnX are known to undergo transmetalation with copper(I) salts below room temperature (see Ref.[13]), we believe that the reaction with ArI could be rate-limiting. In addition, alkylcopper(I) species are more electron-rich than aryl- and alkynylcopper(I) species and are more likely to react with ArI at lower temperatures than aryl- and alkynylcopper(I) species formed after transmetalation with alkyl-, aryl-, and alkynylzinc reagents.
    • Based on previous copper-catalyzed couplings (see Ref.[10]), the current reaction can be assumed to proceed by transmetalation followed by reaction with ArI. Since RZnX are known to undergo transmetalation with copper(I) salts below room temperature (see Ref.[13]), we believe that the reaction with ArI could be rate-limiting. In addition, alkylcopper(I) species are more electron-rich than aryl- and alkynylcopper(I) species and are more likely to react with ArI at lower temperatures than aryl- and alkynylcopper(I) species formed after transmetalation with alkyl-, aryl-, and alkynylzinc reagents.


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