메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 6, 2017, Pages 1469-1502

Erratum: South African guideline for the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults (Journal of Thoracic Disease (2017) 9 (1469-1502) DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.05.31);South African guideline for the management of communityacquired pneumonia in adults

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMOXICILLIN PLUS CLAVULANIC ACID; AMPICILLIN; AZITHROMYCIN; CEFOTAXIME; CEFPODOXIME; CEFTAROLINE; CEFTRIAXONE; CEFUROXIME; CEFUROXIME AXETIL; CLARITHROMYCIN; CORTICOSTEROID; DOXYCYCLINE; ERTAPENEM; ERYTHROMYCIN; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; LEVOFLOXACIN; MOXIFLOXACIN; PENICILLIN G; PNEUMOCOCCUS VACCINE; POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE;

EID: 85021375961     PISSN: 20721439     EISSN: 20776624     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.21037/JTD.2018.07.137     Document Type: Erratum
Times cited : (62)

References (218)
  • 1
    • 0018749177 scopus 로고
    • Rates of pneumonia during influenza epidemics in Seattle, 1964 to 1975
    • Foy HM, Cooney MK, Allan I, et al. Rates of pneumonia during influenza epidemics in Seattle, 1964 to 1975. JAMA 1979;241:253-8
    • (1979) JAMA , vol.241 , pp. 253-258
    • Foy, H.M.1    Cooney, M.K.2    Allan, I.3
  • 2
    • 0027319360 scopus 로고
    • Incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in the population of four municipalities in eastern Finland
    • Jokinen C, Heiskanen L, Juvonen H, et al. Incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in the population of four municipalities in eastern Finland. Am J Epidemiol 1993;137:977-88
    • (1993) Am J Epidemiol , vol.137 , pp. 977-988
    • Jokinen, C.1    Heiskanen, L.2    Juvonen, H.3
  • 3
    • 0023117410 scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of the aetiology and outcome of pneumonia in the community
    • Woodhead MA, Macfarlane JT, McCracken JS, et al. Prospective study of the aetiology and outcome of pneumonia in the community. Lancet 1987;1:671-4
    • (1987) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 671-674
    • Woodhead, M.A.1    Macfarlane, J.T.2    McCracken, J.S.3
  • 4
    • 84863749825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in South Africa: risk factors for acquisition and prevention
    • Brink A, Coetzee J, Clay C, et al. The spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in South Africa: risk factors for acquisition and prevention. S Afr Med J 2012;102:599-601
    • (2012) S Afr Med J , vol.102 , pp. 599-601
    • Brink, A.1    Coetzee, J.2    Clay, C.3
  • 5
    • 33847155159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of communityacquired pneumonia in adults
    • Mandell LA, Wunderink RG, Anzueto A, et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of communityacquired pneumonia in adults. Clin Infect Dis 2007;44 Suppl 2:S27-72
    • (2007) Clin Infect Dis , vol.44 , pp. S27-S72
    • Mandell, L.A.1    Wunderink, R.G.2    Anzueto, A.3
  • 6
    • 77349095417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BTS guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in adults: update 2009
    • Lim WS, Baudouin SV, George RC, et al. BTS guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in adults: update 2009. Thorax 2009;64 Suppl 3:iii1-55
    • (2009) Thorax , vol.64 , pp. iii1-iii55
    • Lim, W.S.1    Baudouin, S.V.2    George, R.C.3
  • 7
    • 38649087061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults
    • Working Group of the South African Thoracic Society. Management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. S Afr Med J 2007;97:1296-306
    • (2007) S Afr Med J , vol.97 , pp. 1296-1306
  • 9
    • 84923321484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) among adults and children aged >/=5 years in a high HIV-prevalence setting, 2009-2012
    • Cohen C, Walaza S, Moyes J, et al. Epidemiology of severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) among adults and children aged >/=5 years in a high HIV-prevalence setting, 2009-2012. PLoS One 2015;10:e0117716
    • (2015) PLoS One , vol.10
    • Cohen, C.1    Walaza, S.2    Moyes, J.3
  • 10
    • 84875654762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating the burden of pneumococcal pneumonia among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic techniques
    • Said MA, Johnson HL, Nonyane BA, et al. Estimating the burden of pneumococcal pneumonia among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic techniques. PLoS One 2013;8:e60273
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8
    • Said, M.A.1    Johnson, H.L.2    Nonyane, B.A.3
  • 11
    • 84910124401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of vaccination on invasive pneumococcal disease in South Africa
    • von Gottberg A, de Gouveia L, Tempia S, et al. Effects of vaccination on invasive pneumococcal disease in South Africa. N Engl J Med 2014;371:1889-99
    • (2014) N Engl J Med , vol.371 , pp. 1889-1899
    • von Gottberg, A.1    de Gouveia, L.2    Tempia, S.3
  • 13
    • 48449104764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical outcomes and risk factors of community-acquired pneumonia caused by gram-negative bacilli
    • Kang CI, Song JH, Oh WS, et al. Clinical outcomes and risk factors of community-acquired pneumonia caused by gram-negative bacilli. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2008;27:657-61
    • (2008) Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.27 , pp. 657-661
    • Kang, C.I.1    Song, J.H.2    Oh, W.S.3
  • 14
    • 84955447926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of influenza, RSV and other common respiratory viruses in severe acute respiratory infections and influenza-like illness in a population with a high HIV sero-prevalence, South Africa 2012-2015
    • Pretorius MA, Tempia S, Walaza S, et al. The role of influenza, RSV and other common respiratory viruses in severe acute respiratory infections and influenza-like illness in a population with a high HIV sero-prevalence, South Africa 2012-2015. J Clin Virol 2016;75:21-6
    • (2016) J Clin Virol , vol.75 , pp. 21-26
    • Pretorius, M.A.1    Tempia, S.2    Walaza, S.3
  • 15
    • 37549026467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TB presenting as community-acquired pneumonia in a setting of high TB incidence and high HIV prevalence
    • Nyamande K, Lalloo UG, John M. TB presenting as community-acquired pneumonia in a setting of high TB incidence and high HIV prevalence. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2007;11:1308-13
    • (2007) Int J Tuberc Lung Dis , vol.11 , pp. 1308-1313
    • Nyamande, K.1    Lalloo, U.G.2    John, M.3
  • 16
    • 84923936579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influenza virus infection is associated with increased risk of death amongst patients hospitalized with confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in South Africa, 2010-2011
    • 26-015-0746-x
    • Walaza S, Tempia S, Dawood H, et al. Influenza virus infection is associated with increased risk of death amongst patients hospitalized with confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in South Africa, 2010-2011. BMC Infect Dis 2015;15:26-015-0746-x
    • (2015) BMC Infect Dis , vol.15
    • Walaza, S.1    Tempia, S.2    Dawood, H.3
  • 17
    • 23244464668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A community-based study of the incidence of trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole-preventable infections in Malawian adults living with HIV
    • van Oosterhout JJ, Laufer MK, Graham SM, et al. A community-based study of the incidence of trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole-preventable infections in Malawian adults living with HIV. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2005;39:626-31
    • (2005) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.39 , pp. 626-631
    • van Oosterhout, J.J.1    Laufer, M.K.2    Graham, S.M.3
  • 18
    • 84986568307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burden of pneumocystis pneumonia in HIV-infected adults in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Wasserman S, Engel ME, Griesel R, et al. Burden of pneumocystis pneumonia in HIV-infected adults in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2016;16:482-016-1809-3
    • (2016) BMC Infect Dis , vol.16 , pp. 482-016
    • Wasserman, S.1    Engel, M.E.2    Griesel, R.3
  • 19
    • 84878117104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-associated bacterial pneumonia
    • Feldman C, Anderson R. HIV-associated bacterial pneumonia. Clin Chest Med 2013;34:205-16
    • (2013) Clin Chest Med , vol.34 , pp. 205-216
    • Feldman, C.1    Anderson, R.2
  • 20
    • 84908121386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surveillance for emerging respiratory viruses
    • Al-Tawfiq JA, Zumla A, Gautret P, et al. Surveillance for emerging respiratory viruses. Lancet Infect Dis 2014;14:992-1000
    • (2014) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.14 , pp. 992-1000
    • Al-Tawfiq, J.A.1    Zumla, A.2    Gautret, P.3
  • 22
    • 0029775899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initial antibiotic therapy for lower respiratory tract infection in the community: a European survey
    • Huchon GJ, Gialdroni-Grassi G, Leophonte P, et al. Initial antibiotic therapy for lower respiratory tract infection in the community: a European survey. Eur Respir J 1996;9:1590-5
    • (1996) Eur Respir J , vol.9 , pp. 1590-1595
    • Huchon, G.J.1    Gialdroni-Grassi, G.2    Leophonte, P.3
  • 23
    • 0032517037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National trends in the use of antibiotics by primary care physicians for adult patients with cough
    • Metlay JP, Stafford RS, Singer DE. National trends in the use of antibiotics by primary care physicians for adult patients with cough. Arch Intern Med 1998;158:1813-8
    • (1998) Arch Intern Med , vol.158 , pp. 1813-1818
    • Metlay, J.P.1    Stafford, R.S.2    Singer, D.E.3
  • 24
    • 0021338748 scopus 로고
    • Prediction of pneumonia in outpatients with acute cough-a statistical approach
    • Diehr P, Wood RW, Bushyhead J, et al. Prediction of pneumonia in outpatients with acute cough-a statistical approach. J Chronic Dis 1984;37:215-25
    • (1984) J Chronic Dis , vol.37 , pp. 215-225
    • Diehr, P.1    Wood, R.W.2    Bushyhead, J.3
  • 25
    • 0035916946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for treatment of acute bronchitis in adults
    • Snow V, Mottur-Pilson C, Gonzales R. Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for treatment of acute bronchitis in adults. Ann Intern Med 2001;134:518-20
    • (2001) Ann Intern Med , vol.134 , pp. 518-520
    • Snow, V.1    Mottur-Pilson, C.2    Gonzales, R.3
  • 26
    • 30844442165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aetiological role of viral and bacterial infections in acute adult lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in primary care
    • Creer DD, Dilworth JP, Gillespie SH, et al. Aetiological role of viral and bacterial infections in acute adult lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in primary care. Thorax 2006;61:75-9
    • (2006) Thorax , vol.61 , pp. 75-79
    • Creer, D.D.1    Dilworth, J.P.2    Gillespie, S.H.3
  • 27
    • 84872618707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amoxicillin for acute lower-respiratory-tract infection in primary care when pneumonia is not suspected: a 12-country, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
    • Little P, Stuart B, Moore M, et al. Amoxicillin for acute lower-respiratory-tract infection in primary care when pneumonia is not suspected: a 12-country, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis 2013;13:123-9
    • (2013) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.13 , pp. 123-129
    • Little, P.1    Stuart, B.2    Moore, M.3
  • 29
    • 0033008107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lower respiratory tract infection and pneumonia in the community
    • Macfarlane J. Lower respiratory tract infection and pneumonia in the community. Semin Respir Infect 1999;14:151-62
    • (1999) Semin Respir Infect , vol.14 , pp. 151-162
    • Macfarlane, J.1
  • 30
    • 67650064695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation in antibiotic prescribing and its impact on recovery in patients with acute cough in primary care: prospective study in 13 countries
    • Butler CC, Hood K, Verheij T, et al. Variation in antibiotic prescribing and its impact on recovery in patients with acute cough in primary care: prospective study in 13 countries. BMJ 2009;338:b2242
    • (2009) BMJ , vol.338
    • Butler, C.C.1    Hood, K.2    Verheij, T.3
  • 31
    • 20644469696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Information leaflet and antibiotic prescribing strategies for acute lower respiratory tract infection: a randomized controlled trial
    • Little P, Rumsby K, Kelly J, et al. Information leaflet and antibiotic prescribing strategies for acute lower respiratory tract infection: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2005;293:3029-35
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.293 , pp. 3029-3035
    • Little, P.1    Rumsby, K.2    Kelly, J.3
  • 32
    • 84939985676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers as point-of-care tests to guide prescription of antibiotics in patients with acute respiratory infections in primary care
    • Aabenhus R, Jensen JU, Jorgensen KJ, et al. Biomarkers as point-of-care tests to guide prescription of antibiotics in patients with acute respiratory infections in primary care. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014;(11):CD010130
    • (2014) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.11
    • Aabenhus, R.1    Jensen, J.U.2    Jorgensen, K.J.3
  • 33
    • 84971402251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of appropriate diagnostic testing in acute respiratory tract infections: An antibiotic stewardship strategy to minimise diagnostic uncertainty in primary care
    • Brink AJ, Van Wyk J, Moodley VM, et al. The role of appropriate diagnostic testing in acute respiratory tract infections: An antibiotic stewardship strategy to minimise diagnostic uncertainty in primary care. S Afr Med J 2016;106:30-7
    • (2016) S Afr Med J , vol.106 , pp. 30-37
    • Brink, A.J.1    Van Wyk, J.2    Moodley, V.M.3
  • 34
    • 0037458239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing strategies in the initial management of patients with community-acquired pneumonia
    • Metlay JP, Fine MJ. Testing strategies in the initial management of patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Ann Intern Med 2003;138:109-18
    • (2003) Ann Intern Med , vol.138 , pp. 109-118
    • Metlay, J.P.1    Fine, M.J.2
  • 35
    • 0030713041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does this patient have community-acquired pneumonia?. Diagnosing pneumonia by history and physical examination
    • Metlay JP, Kapoor WN, Fine MJ. Does this patient have community-acquired pneumonia? Diagnosing pneumonia by history and physical examination. JAMA 1997;278:1440-5
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.278 , pp. 1440-1445
    • Metlay, J.P.1    Kapoor, W.N.2    Fine, M.J.3
  • 36
    • 84928096187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical indicators of radiographic findings in patients with suspected community-acquired pneumonia: who needs a chest x-ray?
    • O'Brien WT, Sr., Rohweder DA, Lattin GE Jr, et al. Clinical indicators of radiographic findings in patients with suspected community-acquired pneumonia: who needs a chest x-ray? J Am Coll Radiol 2006;3:703-6
    • (2006) J Am Coll Radiol , vol.3 , pp. 703-706
    • O'Brien Sr., W.T.1    Rohweder, D.A.2    Lattin, G.E.3
  • 37
    • 33947592780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of clinical and laboratory parameters in community-acquired pneumonia
    • Müller B, Harbarth S, Stolz D, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of clinical and laboratory parameters in community-acquired pneumonia. BMC Infect Dis 2007;7:10
    • (2007) BMC Infect Dis , vol.7 , pp. 10
    • Müller, B.1    Harbarth, S.2    Stolz, D.3
  • 38
    • 33646474447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumonia: update on diagnosis and management
    • Hoare Z, Lim WS. Pneumonia: update on diagnosis and management. BMJ 2006;332:1077-9
    • (2006) BMJ , vol.332 , pp. 1077-1079
    • Hoare, Z.1    Lim, W.S.2
  • 39
    • 0037086365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly: age-and sex-related patterns of care and outcome in the United States
    • Kaplan V, Angus DC, Griffin MF, et al. Hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly: age-and sex-related patterns of care and outcome in the United States. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002;165:766-72
    • (2002) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.165 , pp. 766-772
    • Kaplan, V.1    Angus, D.C.2    Griffin, M.F.3
  • 40
    • 9644270485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The burden of community-acquired pneumonia in seniors: results of a population-based study
    • Jackson ML, Neuzil KM, Thompson WW, et al. The burden of community-acquired pneumonia in seniors: results of a population-based study. Clin Infect Dis 2004;39:1642-50
    • (2004) Clin Infect Dis , vol.39 , pp. 1642-1650
    • Jackson, M.L.1    Neuzil, K.M.2    Thompson, W.W.3
  • 41
    • 0031472414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality of care, process, and outcomes in elderly patients with pneumonia
    • Meehan TP, Fine MJ, Krumholz HM, et al. Quality of care, process, and outcomes in elderly patients with pneumonia. JAMA 1997;278:2080-4
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.278 , pp. 2080-2084
    • Meehan, T.P.1    Fine, M.J.2    Krumholz, H.M.3
  • 42
    • 0034450744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly
    • Marrie TJ. Community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly. Clin Infect Dis 2000;31:1066-78
    • (2000) Clin Infect Dis , vol.31 , pp. 1066-1078
    • Marrie, T.J.1
  • 43
    • 0030878141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of age on symptoms at presentation in patients with communityacquired pneumonia
    • Metlay JP, Schulz R, Li YH, et al. Influence of age on symptoms at presentation in patients with communityacquired pneumonia. Arch Intern Med 1997;157:1453-9
    • (1997) Arch Intern Med , vol.157 , pp. 1453-1459
    • Metlay, J.P.1    Schulz, R.2    Li, Y.H.3
  • 44
    • 0025542971 scopus 로고
    • Clinical features of pneumonia in the elderly
    • Musgrave T, Verghese A. Clinical features of pneumonia in the elderly. Semin Respir Infect 1990;5:269-75
    • (1990) Semin Respir Infect , vol.5 , pp. 269-275
    • Musgrave, T.1    Verghese, A.2
  • 46
    • 0031464961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communityacquired pneumonia in the elderly. Clinical and nutritional aspects
    • Riquelme R, Torres A, el-Ebiary M, et al. Communityacquired pneumonia in the elderly. Clinical and nutritional aspects. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997;156:1908-14
    • (1997) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.156 , pp. 1908-1914
    • Riquelme, R.1    Torres, A.2    el-Ebiary, M.3
  • 47
    • 0037910388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community-acquired pneumonia in very elderly patients: causative organisms, clinical characteristics, and outcomes
    • Fernández-Sabé N, Carratala J, Roson B, et al. Community-acquired pneumonia in very elderly patients: causative organisms, clinical characteristics, and outcomes. Medicine (Baltimore) 2003;82:159-69
    • (2003) Medicine (Baltimore) , vol.82 , pp. 159-169
    • Fernández-Sabé, N.1    Carratala, J.2    Roson, B.3
  • 48
    • 4444259110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patients admitted to hospital with suspected pneumonia and normal chest radiographs: epidemiology, microbiology, and outcomes
    • Basi SK, Marrie TJ, Huang JQ, et al. Patients admitted to hospital with suspected pneumonia and normal chest radiographs: epidemiology, microbiology, and outcomes. Am J Med 2004;117:305-11
    • (2004) Am J Med , vol.117 , pp. 305-311
    • Basi, S.K.1    Marrie, T.J.2    Huang, J.Q.3
  • 49
    • 40449105052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic timing and errors in diagnosing pneumonia
    • Welker JA, Huston M, McCue JD. Antibiotic timing and errors in diagnosing pneumonia. Arch Intern Med 2008;168:351-6
    • (2008) Arch Intern Med , vol.168 , pp. 351-356
    • Welker, J.A.1    Huston, M.2    McCue, J.D.3
  • 50
    • 34250795666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Misdiagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia and inappropriate utilization of antibiotics: side effects of the 4-h antibiotic administration rule
    • Kanwar M, Brar N, Khatib R, et al. Misdiagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia and inappropriate utilization of antibiotics: side effects of the 4-h antibiotic administration rule. Chest 2007;131:1865-9
    • (2007) Chest , vol.131 , pp. 1865-1869
    • Kanwar, M.1    Brar, N.2    Khatib, R.3
  • 51
    • 84862493752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing severity of patients with community-acquired pneumonia
    • Pereira JM, Paiva JA, Rello J. Assessing severity of patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2012;33:272-83
    • (2012) Semin Respir Crit Care Med , vol.33 , pp. 272-283
    • Pereira, J.M.1    Paiva, J.A.2    Rello, J.3
  • 52
    • 0038554228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining community acquired pneumonia severity on presentation to hospital: an international derivation and validation study
    • Lim WS, van der Eerden MM, Laing R, et al. Defining community acquired pneumonia severity on presentation to hospital: an international derivation and validation study. Thorax 2003;58:377-82
    • (2003) Thorax , vol.58 , pp. 377-382
    • Lim, W.S.1    van der Eerden, M.M.2    Laing, R.3
  • 53
    • 84930034731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determining need for hospitalisation: Evaluation of the utility of the CRB-65 score in patients with communityacquired pneumonia presenting to an emergency department
    • Kabundji DM, Musekiwa A, Mukansi M, et al. Determining need for hospitalisation: Evaluation of the utility of the CRB-65 score in patients with communityacquired pneumonia presenting to an emergency department. S Afr Med J 2014;104:769-72
    • (2014) S Afr Med J , vol.104 , pp. 769-772
    • Kabundji, D.M.1    Musekiwa, A.2    Mukansi, M.3
  • 54
    • 19944431797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outpatient care compared with hospitalization for communityacquired pneumonia: a randomized trial in low-risk patients
    • Carratala J, Fernandez-Sabe N, Ortega L, et al. Outpatient care compared with hospitalization for communityacquired pneumonia: a randomized trial in low-risk patients. Ann Intern Med 2005;142:165-72
    • (2005) Ann Intern Med , vol.142 , pp. 165-172
    • Carratala, J.1    Fernandez-Sabe, N.2    Ortega, L.3
  • 55
    • 0030872995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community-acquired pneumonia: the annual cost to the National Health Service in the UK
    • Guest JF, Morris A. Community-acquired pneumonia: the annual cost to the National Health Service in the UK. Eur Respir J 1997;10:1530-4
    • (1997) Eur Respir J , vol.10 , pp. 1530-1534
    • Guest, J.F.1    Morris, A.2
  • 56
    • 0031693610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cost of treating community-acquired pneumonia
    • Niederman MS, McCombs JS, Unger AN, et al. The cost of treating community-acquired pneumonia. Clin Ther 1998;20:820-37
    • (1998) Clin Ther , vol.20 , pp. 820-837
    • Niederman, M.S.1    McCombs, J.S.2    Unger, A.N.3
  • 57
    • 85021360680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The added value of C-reactive protein measurement in diagnosing pneumonia in primary care: a meta-analysis of individual patient data
    • [Epub ahead of print]
    • Minnaard MC, de Groot JA, Hopstaken RM, et al. The added value of C-reactive protein measurement in diagnosing pneumonia in primary care: a meta-analysis of individual patient data. CMAJ 2016. [Epub ahead of print]
    • (2016) CMAJ
    • Minnaard, M.C.1    de Groot, J.A.2    Hopstaken, R.M.3
  • 58
    • 0028876117 scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein. A clinical marker in community-acquired pneumonia
    • Smith RP, Lipworth BJ, Cree IA, et al. C-reactive protein. A clinical marker in community-acquired pneumonia. Chest 1995;108:1288-91
    • (1995) Chest , vol.108 , pp. 1288-1291
    • Smith, R.P.1    Lipworth, B.J.2    Cree, I.A.3
  • 59
    • 39849091058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein is an independent predictor of severity in communityacquired pneumonia
    • Chalmers JD, Singanayagam A, Hill AT. C-reactive protein is an independent predictor of severity in communityacquired pneumonia. Am J Med 2008;121:219-25
    • (2008) Am J Med , vol.121 , pp. 219-225
    • Chalmers, J.D.1    Singanayagam, A.2    Hill, A.T.3
  • 60
    • 84873044315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Procalcitonin to initiate or discontinue antibiotics in acute respiratory tract infections
    • Schuetz P, Muller B, Christ-Crain M, et al. Procalcitonin to initiate or discontinue antibiotics in acute respiratory tract infections. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012;(9):CD007498
    • (2012) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.9
    • Schuetz, P.1    Muller, B.2    Christ-Crain, M.3
  • 61
    • 78650084080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guideline for the optimal use of blood cultures
    • Ntusi N, Aubin L, Oliver S, et al. Guideline for the optimal use of blood cultures. S Afr Med J 2010;100:839-43
    • (2010) S Afr Med J , vol.100 , pp. 839-843
    • Ntusi, N.1    Aubin, L.2    Oliver, S.3
  • 63
    • 84897757076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can we predict which patients with community-acquired pneumonia are likely to have positive blood cultures?
    • Campbell SG, McIvor RA, Joanis V, et al. Can we predict which patients with community-acquired pneumonia are likely to have positive blood cultures? World J Emerg Med 2011;2:272-8
    • (2011) World J Emerg Med , vol.2 , pp. 272-278
    • Campbell, S.G.1    McIvor, R.A.2    Joanis, V.3
  • 64
    • 67649814844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting positive blood cultures in patients presenting with pneumonia at an Emergency Department in Singapore
    • Cham G, Yan S, Heng BH, et al. Predicting positive blood cultures in patients presenting with pneumonia at an Emergency Department in Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singap 2009;38:508-7
    • (2009) Ann Acad Med Singap , vol.38 , pp. 508-507
    • Cham, G.1    Yan, S.2    Heng, B.H.3
  • 65
    • 67651113459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Prediction Rule for Estimating the Risk of Bacteremia in Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia
    • Falguera M, Trujillano J, Mene R, et al. A Prediction Rule for Estimating the Risk of Bacteremia in Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis 2009;49:409-16
    • (2009) Clin Infect Dis , vol.49 , pp. 409-416
    • Falguera, M.1    Trujillano, J.2    Mene, R.3
  • 66
    • 34447275420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective use of blood cultures in emergency department pneumonia patients
    • Benenson RS, Kepner AM, Pyle D, et al. Selective use of blood cultures in emergency department pneumonia patients. J Emerg Med 2007;33:1-8
    • (2007) J Emerg Med , vol.33 , pp. 1-8
    • Benenson, R.S.1    Kepner, A.M.2    Pyle, D.3
  • 67
    • 68049123110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of the diagnostic utility of sputum Gram stain in pneumonia
    • Anevlavis S, Petroglou N, Tzavaras A, et al. A prospective study of the diagnostic utility of sputum Gram stain in pneumonia. J Infect 2009;59:83-9
    • (2009) J Infect , vol.59 , pp. 83-89
    • Anevlavis, S.1    Petroglou, N.2    Tzavaras, A.3
  • 68
    • 4544295369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the usefulness of sputum culture for diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia using the PORT predictive scoring system
    • García-Vázquez E, Marcos MA, Mensa J, et al. Assessment of the usefulness of sputum culture for diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia using the PORT predictive scoring system. Arch Intern Med 2004;164:1807-11
    • (2004) Arch Intern Med , vol.164 , pp. 1807-1811
    • García-Vázquez, E.1    Marcos, M.A.2    Mensa, J.3
  • 69
    • 20044394019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Value of intensive diagnostic microbiological investigation in low-and highrisk patients with community-acquired pneumonia
    • van dE, Vlaspolder F, de Graaff C, et al. Value of intensive diagnostic microbiological investigation in low-and highrisk patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2005;24:241-9
    • (2005) Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.24 , pp. 241-249
    • van de Vlaspolder, F.1    de Graaff, C.2
  • 70
    • 0037308494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the immunochromatographic Binax NOW assay for detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae urinary antigen in a prospective study of community-acquired pneumonia in Spain
    • Gutiérrez F, Masia M, Rodriguez JC, et al. Evaluation of the immunochromatographic Binax NOW assay for detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae urinary antigen in a prospective study of community-acquired pneumonia in Spain. Clin Infect Dis 2003;36:286-92
    • (2003) Clin Infect Dis , vol.36 , pp. 286-292
    • Gutiérrez, F.1    Masia, M.2    Rodriguez, J.C.3
  • 71
    • 84904121915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid urine antigen testing for Streptococcus pneumoniae in adults with community-acquired pneumonia: clinical use and barriers
    • Harris AM, Beekmann SE, Polgreen PM, et al. Rapid urine antigen testing for Streptococcus pneumoniae in adults with community-acquired pneumonia: clinical use and barriers. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2014;79:454-7
    • (2014) Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.79 , pp. 454-457
    • Harris, A.M.1    Beekmann, S.E.2    Polgreen, P.M.3
  • 72
    • 84866269502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The routine use of urinary pneumococcal antigen test in hospitalised patients with community acquired pneumonia has limited impact for adjustment of antibiotic treatment
    • Piso RJ, Iven-Koller D, Koller MT, et al. The routine use of urinary pneumococcal antigen test in hospitalised patients with community acquired pneumonia has limited impact for adjustment of antibiotic treatment. Swiss Med Wkly 2012;142:w13679-9
    • (2012) Swiss Med Wkly , vol.142
    • Piso, R.J.1    Iven-Koller, D.2    Koller, M.T.3
  • 73
    • 84929379015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can newly developed, rapid immunochromatographic antigen detection tests be reliably used for the laboratory diagnosis of influenza virus infections?
    • Dunn JJ, Ginocchio CC. Can newly developed, rapid immunochromatographic antigen detection tests be reliably used for the laboratory diagnosis of influenza virus infections? J Clin Microbiol 2015;53:1790-6
    • (2015) J Clin Microbiol , vol.53 , pp. 1790-1796
    • Dunn, J.J.1    Ginocchio, C.C.2
  • 74
    • 84880024189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Etiological analysis and predictive diagnostic model building of communityacquired pneumonia in adult outpatients in Beijing, China
    • Liu YF, Gao Y, Chen M, et al. Etiological analysis and predictive diagnostic model building of communityacquired pneumonia in adult outpatients in Beijing, China. BMC Infect Dis 2013;13:309-9
    • (2013) BMC Infect Dis , vol.13 , pp. 309-309
    • Liu, Y.F.1    Gao, Y.2    Chen, M.3
  • 75
    • 84894464168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of yield of currently available diagnostics by sample type to optimize detection of respiratory pathogens in patients with a community-acquired pneumonia
    • Huijskens EG, Rossen JW, Kluytmans JA, et al. Evaluation of yield of currently available diagnostics by sample type to optimize detection of respiratory pathogens in patients with a community-acquired pneumonia. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2014;8:243-9
    • (2014) Influenza Other Respir Viruses , vol.8 , pp. 243-249
    • Huijskens, E.G.1    Rossen, J.W.2    Kluytmans, J.A.3
  • 76
    • 0012746992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The growing burden of tuberculosis: global trends and interactions with the HIV epidemic
    • Corbett EL, Watt CJ, Walker N, et al. The growing burden of tuberculosis: global trends and interactions with the HIV epidemic. Arch Intern Med 2003;163:1009-21
    • (2003) Arch Intern Med , vol.163 , pp. 1009-1021
    • Corbett, E.L.1    Watt, C.J.2    Walker, N.3
  • 77
    • 85021369174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global tuberculosis report
    • Organization WH. Global tuberculosis report. 2014
    • (2014)
  • 78
    • 71549126811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus: convergence of two epidemics
    • Dooley KE, Chaisson RE. Tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus: convergence of two epidemics. Lancet Infect Dis 2009;9:737-46
    • (2009) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.9 , pp. 737-746
    • Dooley, K.E.1    Chaisson, R.E.2
  • 79
    • 84973176491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tuberculosis and diabetes: current state and future perspectives
    • Pizzol D, Di Gennaro F, Chhaganlal KD, et al. Tuberculosis and diabetes: current state and future perspectives. Trop Med Int Health 2016;21:694-702
    • (2016) Trop Med Int Health , vol.21 , pp. 694-702
    • Pizzol, D.1    Di Gennaro, F.2    Chhaganlal, K.D.3
  • 80
    • 84939465856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burden of tuberculosis in intensive care units in Cape Town, South Africa, and assessment of the accuracy and effect on patient outcomes of the Xpert MTB/RIF test on tracheal aspirate samples for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis: a prospective burden of disease study with a nested randomised controlled trial
    • Calligaro GL, Theron G, Khalfey H, et al. Burden of tuberculosis in intensive care units in Cape Town, South Africa, and assessment of the accuracy and effect on patient outcomes of the Xpert MTB/RIF test on tracheal aspirate samples for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis: a prospective burden of disease study with a nested randomised controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med 2015;3:621-30
    • (2015) Lancet Respir Med , vol.3 , pp. 621-630
    • Calligaro, G.L.1    Theron, G.2    Khalfey, H.3
  • 81
    • 33747603012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluorescence versus conventional sputum smear microscopy for tuberculosis: a systematic review
    • Steingart KR, Henry M, Ng V, et al. Fluorescence versus conventional sputum smear microscopy for tuberculosis: a systematic review. Lancet Infect Dis 2006;6:570-81
    • (2006) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.6 , pp. 570-581
    • Steingart, K.R.1    Henry, M.2    Ng, V.3
  • 82
    • 84925248470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Xpertâ® MTB/RIF assay for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults
    • Steingart KR, Schiller I, Horne DJ, et al. Xpertâ® MTB/RIF assay for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014;(1):CD009593
    • (2014) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.1
    • Steingart, K.R.1    Schiller, I.2    Horne, D.J.3
  • 83
    • 84881368463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of two methods for acquisition of sputum samples for diagnosis of suspected tuberculosis in smear-negative or sputum-scarce people: a randomised controlled trial
    • Peter JG, Theron G, Pooran A, et al. Comparison of two methods for acquisition of sputum samples for diagnosis of suspected tuberculosis in smear-negative or sputum-scarce people: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med 2013;1:471-8
    • (2013) Lancet Respir Med , vol.1 , pp. 471-478
    • Peter, J.G.1    Theron, G.2    Pooran, A.3
  • 84
    • 84960885607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Abbott RealTime MTB assay and the Cepheid GeneXpert assay show comparable performance for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum specimens
    • Wang SF, Ou XC, Li Q, et al. The Abbott RealTime MTB assay and the Cepheid GeneXpert assay show comparable performance for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum specimens. Int J Infect Dis 2016;45:78-80
    • (2016) Int J Infect Dis , vol.45 , pp. 78-80
    • Wang, S.F.1    Ou, X.C.2    Li, Q.3
  • 85
    • 84963943837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A performance evaluation of MTBDRplus version 2 for the diagnosis of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
    • Seifert M, Ajbani K, Georghiou SB, et al. A performance evaluation of MTBDRplus version 2 for the diagnosis of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2016;20:631-7
    • (2016) Int J Tuberc Lung Dis , vol.20 , pp. 631-637
    • Seifert, M.1    Ajbani, K.2    Georghiou, S.B.3
  • 87
    • 70349673719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic accuracy of a urine lipoarabinomannan test for tuberculosis in hospitalized patients in a High HIV prevalence setting
    • Shah M, Variava E, Holmes CB, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of a urine lipoarabinomannan test for tuberculosis in hospitalized patients in a High HIV prevalence setting. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2009;52:145-51
    • (2009) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.52 , pp. 145-151
    • Shah, M.1    Variava, E.2    Holmes, C.B.3
  • 88
    • 84863576488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic accuracy of a urine lipoarabinomannan strip-test for TB detection in HIV-infected hospitalised patients
    • Peter JG, Theron G, van Zyl-Smit R, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of a urine lipoarabinomannan strip-test for TB detection in HIV-infected hospitalised patients. Eur Respir J 2012;40:1211-20
    • (2012) Eur Respir J , vol.40 , pp. 1211-1220
    • Peter, J.G.1    Theron, G.2    van Zyl-Smit, R.3
  • 89
    • 84873499578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can point-of-care urine LAM strip testing for tuberculosis add value to clinical decision making in hospitalised HIV-infected persons?
    • Peter JG, Theron G, Dheda K. Can point-of-care urine LAM strip testing for tuberculosis add value to clinical decision making in hospitalised HIV-infected persons? PLoS One 2013;8:e54875
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8
    • Peter, J.G.1    Theron, G.2    Dheda, K.3
  • 90
    • 84961212860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect on mortality of point-of-care, urine-based lipoarabinomannan testing to guide tuberculosis treatment initiation in HIVpositive hospital inpatients: a pragmatic, parallel-group, multicountry, open-label, randomised controlled trial
    • Peter JG, Zijenah LS, Chanda D, et al. Effect on mortality of point-of-care, urine-based lipoarabinomannan testing to guide tuberculosis treatment initiation in HIVpositive hospital inpatients: a pragmatic, parallel-group, multicountry, open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2016;387:1187-97
    • (2016) Lancet , vol.387 , pp. 1187-1197
    • Peter, J.G.1    Zijenah, L.S.2    Chanda, D.3
  • 91
  • 92
    • 0036796412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of diagnostic procedures for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV-1-infected patients
    • Cruciani M, Marcati P, Malena M, et al. Meta-analysis of diagnostic procedures for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV-1-infected patients. Eur Respir J 2002;20:982-9
    • (2002) Eur Respir J , vol.20 , pp. 982-989
    • Cruciani, M.1    Marcati, P.2    Malena, M.3
  • 93
    • 0025774559 scopus 로고
    • DNA amplification on induced sputum samples for diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
    • Wakefield AE, Guiver L, Miller RF, et al. DNA amplification on induced sputum samples for diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Lancet 1991;337:1378-9
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.337 , pp. 1378-1379
    • Wakefield, A.E.1    Guiver, L.2    Miller, R.F.3
  • 94
    • 0026628966 scopus 로고
    • Improved diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii infection by polymerase chain reaction on induced sputum and blood
    • Lipschik GY, Gill VJ, Lundgren JD, et al. Improved diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii infection by polymerase chain reaction on induced sputum and blood. Lancet 1992;340:203-6
    • (1992) Lancet , vol.340 , pp. 203-206
    • Lipschik, G.Y.1    Gill, V.J.2    Lundgren, J.D.3
  • 95
    • 0028050053 scopus 로고
    • Usefulness of PCR for detection of Pneumocystis carinii DNA
    • Roux P, Lavrard I, Poirot JL, et al. Usefulness of PCR for detection of Pneumocystis carinii DNA. J Clin Microbiol 1994;32:2324-6
    • (1994) J Clin Microbiol , vol.32 , pp. 2324-2326
    • Roux, P.1    Lavrard, I.2    Poirot, J.L.3
  • 96
    • 3142701273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison between real-time PCR, conventional PCR and different staining techniques for diagnosing Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia from bronchoalveolar lavage specimens
    • Flori P, Bellete B, Durand F, et al. Comparison between real-time PCR, conventional PCR and different staining techniques for diagnosing Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia from bronchoalveolar lavage specimens. J Med Microbiol 2004;53:603-7
    • (2004) J Med Microbiol , vol.53 , pp. 603-607
    • Flori, P.1    Bellete, B.2    Durand, F.3
  • 97
    • 80051673635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Costeffectiveness analysis of diagnostic options for pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)
    • Harris JR, Marston BJ, Sangrujee N, et al. Costeffectiveness analysis of diagnostic options for pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). PLoS One 2011;6:e23158
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6
    • Harris, J.R.1    Marston, B.J.2    Sangrujee, N.3
  • 98
    • 84862108514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of the MycAssay Pneumocystis kit for detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii in bronchoalveolar lavage specimens by comparison to a laboratory standard of direct immunofluorescence microscopy, real-time PCR, or conventional PCR
    • McTaggart LR, Wengenack NL, Richardson SE. Validation of the MycAssay Pneumocystis kit for detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii in bronchoalveolar lavage specimens by comparison to a laboratory standard of direct immunofluorescence microscopy, real-time PCR, or conventional PCR. J Clin Microbiol 2012;50:1856-9
    • (2012) J Clin Microbiol , vol.50 , pp. 1856-1859
    • McTaggart, L.R.1    Wengenack, N.L.2    Richardson, S.E.3
  • 99
    • 79955525594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multicenter, prospective clinical evaluation of respiratory samples from subjects at risk for Pneumocystis jirovecii infection by use of a commercial real-time PCR assay
    • Hauser PM, Bille J, Lass-Florl C, et al. Multicenter, prospective clinical evaluation of respiratory samples from subjects at risk for Pneumocystis jirovecii infection by use of a commercial real-time PCR assay. J Clin Microbiol 2011;49:1872-8
    • (2011) J Clin Microbiol , vol.49 , pp. 1872-1878
    • Hauser, P.M.1    Bille, J.2    Lass-Florl, C.3
  • 100
    • 84876374018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Test performance of blood beta-glucan for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with AIDS and respiratory symptoms
    • Wood BR, Komarow L, Zolopa AR, et al. Test performance of blood beta-glucan for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with AIDS and respiratory symptoms. Aids 2013;27:967-72
    • (2013) Aids , vol.27 , pp. 967-972
    • Wood, B.R.1    Komarow, L.2    Zolopa, A.R.3
  • 101
    • 0023905005 scopus 로고
    • Serum lactate dehydrogenase levels and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Diagnostic and prognostic significance
    • Zaman MK, White DA. Serum lactate dehydrogenase levels and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Diagnostic and prognostic significance. Am Rev Respir Dis 1988;137:796-800
    • (1988) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.137 , pp. 796-800
    • Zaman, M.K.1    White, D.A.2
  • 102
    • 0029147342 scopus 로고
    • Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, tuberculosis, and bacterial pneumonia
    • Quist J, Hill AR. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, tuberculosis, and bacterial pneumonia. Chest 1995;108:415-8
    • (1995) Chest , vol.108 , pp. 415-418
    • Quist, J.1    Hill, A.R.2
  • 104
    • 84921988670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotics for community-acquired pneumonia in adult outpatients
    • Pakhale S, Mulpuru S, Verheij TJ, et al. Antibiotics for community-acquired pneumonia in adult outpatients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014;(10):CD002109
    • (2014) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.10
    • Pakhale, S.1    Mulpuru, S.2    Verheij, T.J.3
  • 105
    • 0032789314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia: impact of age, comorbidity, and severity
    • Ruiz M, Ewig S, Marcos MA, et al. Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia: impact of age, comorbidity, and severity. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999;160:397-405
    • (1999) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.160 , pp. 397-405
    • Ruiz, M.1    Ewig, S.2    Marcos, M.A.3
  • 107
    • 84884328137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of age and comorbidity on cause and outcome in community-acquired pneumonia
    • Cillóniz C, Polverino E, Ewig S, et al. Impact of age and comorbidity on cause and outcome in community-acquired pneumonia. Chest 2013;144:999-1007
    • (2013) Chest , vol.144 , pp. 999-1007
    • Cillóniz, C.1    Polverino, E.2    Ewig, S.3
  • 108
    • 84943423927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In the Clinic: Community-Acquired Pneumonia
    • Niederman MS. In the Clinic: Community-Acquired Pneumonia. Ann Intern Med 2015;163:ITC1-17
    • (2015) Ann Intern Med , vol.163
    • Niederman, M.S.1
  • 109
    • 84981275614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association Between Initial Route of Fluoroquinolone Administration and Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized for Communityacquired Pneumonia
    • Belforti RK, Lagu T, Haessler S, et al. Association Between Initial Route of Fluoroquinolone Administration and Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized for Communityacquired Pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis 2016;63:1-9
    • (2016) Clin Infect Dis , vol.63 , pp. 1-9
    • Belforti, R.K.1    Lagu, T.2    Haessler, S.3
  • 110
    • 84903825939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decrease in mortality in severe community-acquired pneumococcal pneumonia: impact of improving antibiotic strategies (2000-2013)
    • Gattarello S, Borgatta B, Sole-Violan J, et al. Decrease in mortality in severe community-acquired pneumococcal pneumonia: impact of improving antibiotic strategies (2000-2013). Chest 2014;146:22-31
    • (2014) Chest , vol.146 , pp. 22-31
    • Gattarello, S.1    Borgatta, B.2    Sole-Violan, J.3
  • 111
    • 84942192146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvement of antibiotic therapy and ICU survival in severe nonpneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia: a matched case-control study
    • 335-015-1051-1
    • Gattarello S, Lagunes L, Vidaur L, et al. Improvement of antibiotic therapy and ICU survival in severe nonpneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia: a matched case-control study. Crit Care 2015;19:335-015-1051-1
    • (2015) Crit Care , vol.19
    • Gattarello, S.1    Lagunes, L.2    Vidaur, L.3
  • 112
    • 84893313755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macrolides and mortality in critically ill patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Sligl WI, Asadi L, Eurich DT, et al. Macrolides and mortality in critically ill patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 2014;42:420-32
    • (2014) Crit Care Med , vol.42 , pp. 420-432
    • Sligl, W.I.1    Asadi, L.2    Eurich, D.T.3
  • 113
    • 84957922148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic Therapy for Adults Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review
    • Lee JS, Giesler DL, Gellad WF, et al. Antibiotic Therapy for Adults Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review. JAMA 2016;315:593-602
    • (2016) JAMA , vol.315 , pp. 593-602
    • Lee, J.S.1    Giesler, D.L.2    Gellad, W.F.3
  • 114
    • 77951209165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination antibiotic therapy with macrolides improves survival in intubated patients with community-acquired pneumonia
    • Martin-Loeches I, Lisboa T, Rodriguez A, et al. Combination antibiotic therapy with macrolides improves survival in intubated patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Intensive Care Med 2010;36:612-20
    • (2010) Intensive Care Med , vol.36 , pp. 612-620
    • Martin-Loeches, I.1    Lisboa, T.2    Rodriguez, A.3
  • 115
    • 58849166805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of macrolide therapy on mortality for patients with severe sepsis due to pneumonia
    • Restrepo MI, Mortensen EM, Waterer GW, et al. Impact of macrolide therapy on mortality for patients with severe sepsis due to pneumonia. Eur Respir J 2009;33:153-9
    • (2009) Eur Respir J , vol.33 , pp. 153-159
    • Restrepo, M.I.1    Mortensen, E.M.2    Waterer, G.W.3
  • 116
    • 12344338889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of a new pharmacokinetically enhanced formulation of amoxicillin/clavulanate (2000/125 mg) in adults with communityacquired pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, including penicillin-resistant strains
    • File TM, Garau J, Jacobs MR, et al. Efficacy of a new pharmacokinetically enhanced formulation of amoxicillin/clavulanate (2000/125 mg) in adults with communityacquired pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, including penicillin-resistant strains. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2005;25:110-9
    • (2005) Int J Antimicrob Agents , vol.25 , pp. 110-119
    • File, T.M.1    Garau, J.2    Jacobs, M.R.3
  • 117
    • 78649873377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrated analysis of FOCUS 1 and FOCUS 2: randomized, doubled-blinded, multicenter phase 3 trials of the efficacy and safety of ceftaroline fosamil versus ceftriaxone in patients with community-acquired pneumonia
    • File TM,Jr, Low DE, Eckburg PB, et al. Integrated analysis of FOCUS 1 and FOCUS 2: randomized, doubled-blinded, multicenter phase 3 trials of the efficacy and safety of ceftaroline fosamil versus ceftriaxone in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis 2010;51:1395-405
    • (2010) Clin Infect Dis , vol.51 , pp. 1395-1405
    • File, T.M.1    Low, D.E.2    Eckburg, P.B.3
  • 118
    • 3042599571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ertapenem versus ceftriaxone for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in adults: combined analysis of two multicentre randomized, double-blind studies
    • Ortiz-Ruiz G, Vetter N, Isaacs R, et al. Ertapenem versus ceftriaxone for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in adults: combined analysis of two multicentre randomized, double-blind studies. J Antimicrob Chemother 2004;53 Suppl 2:ii59-66
    • (2004) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.53 , pp. ii59-ii66
    • Ortiz-Ruiz, G.1    Vetter, N.2    Isaacs, R.3
  • 119
    • 84897142275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors in reducing mortality in patients admitted to hospital with influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection: a meta-analysis of individual participant data
    • Muthuri SG, Venkatesan S, Myles PR, et al. Effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors in reducing mortality in patients admitted to hospital with influenza A H1N1pdm09 virus infection: a meta-analysis of individual participant data. Lancet Respir Med 2014;2:395-404
    • (2014) Lancet Respir Med , vol.2 , pp. 395-404
    • Muthuri, S.G.1    Venkatesan, S.2    Myles, P.R.3
  • 120
    • 85013375701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of High-Dose Versus Standard Dose Oseltamivir in Critically Ill Patients With Influenza
    • [Epub ahead of print]
    • Noel ZR, Bastin ML, Montgomery AA, et al. Comparison of High-Dose Versus Standard Dose Oseltamivir in Critically Ill Patients With Influenza. J Intensive Care Med 2016. [Epub ahead of print]
    • (2016) J Intensive Care Med
    • Noel, Z.R.1    Bastin, M.L.2    Montgomery, A.A.3
  • 122
    • 79960936455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for severe outcomes following 2009 influenza A (H1N1) infection: a global pooled analysis
    • Van Kerkhove MD, Vandemaele KA, Shinde V, et al. Risk factors for severe outcomes following 2009 influenza A (H1N1) infection: a global pooled analysis. PLoS Med 2011;8:e1001053
    • (2011) PLoS Med , vol.8
    • Van Kerkhove, M.D.1    Vandemaele, K.A.2    Shinde, V.3
  • 123
    • 84992090979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors associated with hospitalisation for influenza-associated severe acute respiratory illness in South Africa: A casepopulation study
    • Abadom TR, Smith AD, Tempia S, et al. Risk factors associated with hospitalisation for influenza-associated severe acute respiratory illness in South Africa: A casepopulation study. Vaccine 2016;34:5649-55
    • (2016) Vaccine , vol.34 , pp. 5649-5655
    • Abadom, T.R.1    Smith, A.D.2    Tempia, S.3
  • 124
    • 84862490226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adjunctive therapy in community-acquired pneumonia
    • Wunderink RG, Mandell L. Adjunctive therapy in community-acquired pneumonia. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2012;33:311-8
    • (2012) Semin Respir Crit Care Med , vol.33 , pp. 311-318
    • Wunderink, R.G.1    Mandell, L.2
  • 125
    • 84862663670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs in communityacquired pneumonia
    • Meijvis SC, van de Garde EM, Rijkers GT, et al. Treatment with anti-inflammatory drugs in communityacquired pneumonia. J Intern Med 2012;272:25-35
    • (2012) J Intern Med , vol.272 , pp. 25-35
    • Meijvis, S.C.1    van de Garde, E.M.2    Rijkers, G.T.3
  • 126
    • 84907045288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunomodulatory adjuvant therapy in severe community-acquired pneumonia
    • Morton B, Pennington SH, Gordon SB. Immunomodulatory adjuvant therapy in severe community-acquired pneumonia. Expert Rev Respir Med 2014;8:587-96
    • (2014) Expert Rev Respir Med , vol.8 , pp. 587-596
    • Morton, B.1    Pennington, S.H.2    Gordon, S.B.3
  • 127
    • 84867891018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is statin use associated with reduced mortality after pneumonia?. A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Chopra V, Rogers MA, Buist M, et al. Is statin use associated with reduced mortality after pneumonia? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Med 2012;125:1111-23
    • (2012) Am J Med , vol.125 , pp. 1111-1123
    • Chopra, V.1    Rogers, M.A.2    Buist, M.3
  • 128
    • 84879299799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The immunomodulatory effects of statins in communityacquired pneumonia: a systematic review
    • Troeman DP, Postma DF, van Werkhoven CH, et al. The immunomodulatory effects of statins in communityacquired pneumonia: a systematic review. J Infect 2013;67:93-101
    • (2013) J Infect , vol.67 , pp. 93-101
    • Troeman, D.P.1    Postma, D.F.2    van Werkhoven, C.H.3
  • 129
    • 84872253001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of statins in prevention and treatment of community acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Khan AR, Riaz M, Bin Abdulhak AA, et al. The role of statins in prevention and treatment of community acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013;8:e52929
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8
    • Khan, A.R.1    Riaz, M.2    Bin Abdulhak, A.A.3
  • 130
    • 85021335826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Established statin use reduces mortality from community-acquired pneumonia:a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Fitzgerald E, Duquette L, Williams M. Established statin use reduces mortality from community-acquired pneumonia:a systematic review and meta-analysis. EMJ Respir 2015;3:46-55
    • (2015) EMJ Respir , vol.3 , pp. 46-55
    • Fitzgerald, E.1    Duquette, L.2    Williams, M.3
  • 131
    • 84920742364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of simvastatin on inflammatory cytokines in communityacquired pneumonia: a randomised, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial
    • Viasus D, Garcia-Vidal C, Simonetti AF, et al. The effect of simvastatin on inflammatory cytokines in communityacquired pneumonia: a randomised, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial. BMJ Open 2015;5:e006251-2014-006251
    • (2015) BMJ Open , vol.5
    • Viasus, D.1    Garcia-Vidal, C.2    Simonetti, A.F.3
  • 132
    • 84941795682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adjunctive Systemic Corticosteroids for Hospitalized Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 2015 Update
    • Horita N, Otsuka T, Haranaga S, et al. Adjunctive Systemic Corticosteroids for Hospitalized Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 2015 Update. Sci Rep 2015;5:14061
    • (2015) Sci Rep , vol.5 , pp. 14061
    • Horita, N.1    Otsuka, T.2    Haranaga, S.3
  • 133
    • 84961305911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose corticosteroid use and mortality in severe communityacquired pneumonia patients
    • Tagami T, Matsui H, Horiguchi H, et al. Low-dose corticosteroid use and mortality in severe communityacquired pneumonia patients. Eur Respir J 2015;45:463-72
    • (2015) Eur Respir J , vol.45 , pp. 463-472
    • Tagami, T.1    Matsui, H.2    Horiguchi, H.3
  • 134
    • 84928423838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adjunct prednisone therapy for patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebocontrolled trial
    • Blum CA, Nigro N, Briel M, et al. Adjunct prednisone therapy for patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebocontrolled trial. Lancet 2015;385:1511-8
    • (2015) Lancet , vol.385 , pp. 1511-1518
    • Blum, C.A.1    Nigro, N.2    Briel, M.3
  • 135
    • 84923125114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of corticosteroids on treatment failure among hospitalized patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia and high inflammatory response: a randomized clinical trial
    • Torres A, Sibila O, Ferrer M, et al. Effect of corticosteroids on treatment failure among hospitalized patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia and high inflammatory response: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2015;313:677-86
    • (2015) JAMA , vol.313 , pp. 677-686
    • Torres, A.1    Sibila, O.2    Ferrer, M.3
  • 136
    • 84969314814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of glucocorticoids in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Chen LP, Chen JH, Chen Y, et al. Efficacy and safety of glucocorticoids in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. World J Emerg Med 2015;6:172-8
    • (2015) World J Emerg Med , vol.6 , pp. 172-178
    • Chen, L.P.1    Chen, J.H.2    Chen, Y.3
  • 137
    • 84955604862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adjunctive Corticotherapy for Community Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    • Marti C, Grosgurin O, Harbarth S, et al. Adjunctive Corticotherapy for Community Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2015;10:e0144032
    • (2015) PLoS One , vol.10
    • Marti, C.1    Grosgurin, O.2    Harbarth, S.3
  • 138
    • 84941368693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroid Therapy for Patients Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
    • Siemieniuk RA, Meade MO, Alonso-Coello P, et al. Corticosteroid Therapy for Patients Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 2015;163:519-28
    • (2015) Ann Intern Med , vol.163 , pp. 519-528
    • Siemieniuk, R.A.1    Meade, M.O.2    Alonso-Coello, P.3
  • 139
    • 84954148193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and Safety of Corticosteroids for Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    • Wan YD, Sun TW, Liu ZQ, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Corticosteroids for Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Chest 2016;149:209-19
    • (2016) Chest , vol.149 , pp. 209-219
    • Wan, Y.D.1    Sun, T.W.2    Liu, Z.Q.3
  • 140
    • 84962145309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroids in the adjunctive therapy of community-acquired pneumonia: an appraisal of recent meta-analyses of clinical trials
    • Feldman C, Anderson R. Corticosteroids in the adjunctive therapy of community-acquired pneumonia: an appraisal of recent meta-analyses of clinical trials. J Thorac Dis 2016;8:E162-71
    • (2016) J Thorac Dis , vol.8 , pp. E162-E171
    • Feldman, C.1    Anderson, R.2
  • 141
    • 84986277879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benefit of adjunct corticosteroids for community-acquired pneumonia in diabetic patients
    • Popovic M, Blum CA, Nigro N, et al. Benefit of adjunct corticosteroids for community-acquired pneumonia in diabetic patients. Diabetologia 2016;59:2552-60
    • (2016) Diabetologia , vol.59 , pp. 2552-2560
    • Popovic, M.1    Blum, C.A.2    Nigro, N.3
  • 142
    • 0030031642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognosis and outcomes of patients with community-acquired pneumonia. A meta-analysis
    • Fine MJ, Smith MA, Carson CA, et al. Prognosis and outcomes of patients with community-acquired pneumonia. A meta-analysis. JAMA 1996;275:134-41
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.275 , pp. 134-141
    • Fine, M.J.1    Smith, M.A.2    Carson, C.A.3
  • 143
    • 78049451950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age still matters: prognosticating short-and long-term mortality for critically ill patients with pneumonia
    • Sligl WI, Eurich DT, Marrie TJ, et al. Age still matters: prognosticating short-and long-term mortality for critically ill patients with pneumonia. Crit Care Med 2010;38:2126-32
    • (2010) Crit Care Med , vol.38 , pp. 2126-2132
    • Sligl, W.I.1    Eurich, D.T.2    Marrie, T.J.3
  • 144
    • 84873714375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock, 2012
    • Dellinger RP, Levy MM, Rhodes A, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock, 2012. Intensive Care Med 2013;39:165-228
    • (2013) Intensive Care Med , vol.39 , pp. 165-228
    • Dellinger, R.P.1    Levy, M.M.2    Rhodes, A.3
  • 145
    • 84923013808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Driving pressure and survival in the acute respiratory distress syndrome
    • Amato MB, Meade MO, Slutsky AS, et al. Driving pressure and survival in the acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med 2015;372:747-55
    • (2015) N Engl J Med , vol.372 , pp. 747-755
    • Amato, M.B.1    Meade, M.O.2    Slutsky, A.S.3
  • 146
    • 84873036547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Empiric antibiotic coverage of atypical pathogens for communityacquired pneumonia in hospitalized adults
    • Eliakim-Raz N, Robenshtok E, Shefet D, et al. Empiric antibiotic coverage of atypical pathogens for communityacquired pneumonia in hospitalized adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012;(9):CD004418
    • (2012) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.9
    • Eliakim-Raz, N.1    Robenshtok, E.2    Shefet, D.3
  • 147
    • 84958793964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of neuraminidase inhibitors on influenza A(H1N1)pdm09-related pneumonia: an individual participant data metaanalysis
    • Muthuri SG, Venkatesan S, Myles PR, et al. Impact of neuraminidase inhibitors on influenza A(H1N1)pdm09-related pneumonia: an individual participant data metaanalysis. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2016;10:192-204
    • (2016) Influenza Other Respir Viruses , vol.10 , pp. 192-204
    • Muthuri, S.G.1    Venkatesan, S.2    Myles, P.R.3
  • 148
    • 67149119068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Usefulness of consecutive C-reactive protein measurements in followup of severe community-acquired pneumonia
    • Bruns AH, Oosterheert JJ, Hak E, et al. Usefulness of consecutive C-reactive protein measurements in followup of severe community-acquired pneumonia. Rev Port Pneumol 2009;15:129-32
    • (2009) Rev Port Pneumol , vol.15 , pp. 129-132
    • Bruns, A.H.1    Oosterheert, J.J.2    Hak, E.3
  • 149
    • 84942295930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implementing criteria-based early switch/early discharge programmes: a European perspective
    • Nathwani D, Lawson W, Dryden M, et al. Implementing criteria-based early switch/early discharge programmes: a European perspective. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015;21 Suppl 2:S47-55
    • (2015) Clin Microbiol Infect , vol.21 , pp. S47-S55
    • Nathwani, D.1    Lawson, W.2    Dryden, M.3
  • 150
    • 33845589493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of early switch from intravenous to oral antibiotics in severe community acquired pneumonia: multicentre randomised trial
    • Oosterheert JJ, Bonten MJ, Schneider MM, et al. Effectiveness of early switch from intravenous to oral antibiotics in severe community acquired pneumonia: multicentre randomised trial. BMJ 2006;333:1193
    • (2006) BMJ , vol.333 , pp. 1193
    • Oosterheert, J.J.1    Bonten, M.J.2    Schneider, M.M.3
  • 151
    • 84911006917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A tailored implementation strategy to reduce the duration of intravenous antibiotic treatment in community-acquired pneumonia: a controlled before-and-after study
    • Engel MF, Bruns AH, Hulscher ME, et al. A tailored implementation strategy to reduce the duration of intravenous antibiotic treatment in community-acquired pneumonia: a controlled before-and-after study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014;33:1897-908
    • (2014) Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.33 , pp. 1897-1908
    • Engel, M.F.1    Bruns, A.H.2    Hulscher, M.E.3
  • 153
    • 0015411892 scopus 로고
    • Pleural effusions: the diagnostic separation of transudates and exudates
    • Light RW, Macgregor MI, Luchsinger PC, et al. Pleural effusions: the diagnostic separation of transudates and exudates. Ann Intern Med 1972;77:507-13
    • (1972) Ann Intern Med , vol.77 , pp. 507-513
    • Light, R.W.1    Macgregor, M.I.2    Luchsinger, P.C.3
  • 154
    • 84902602803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does this patient have an exudative pleural effusion?. The Rational Clinical Examination systematic review
    • Wilcox ME, Chong CA, Stanbrook MB, et al. Does this patient have an exudative pleural effusion? The Rational Clinical Examination systematic review. JAMA 2014;311:2422-31
    • (2014) JAMA , vol.311 , pp. 2422-2431
    • Wilcox, M.E.1    Chong, C.A.2    Stanbrook, M.B.3
  • 155
    • 0018818626 scopus 로고
    • The diagnostic value of pleural fluid pH
    • Good JT Jr, Taryle DA, Maulitz RM, et al. The diagnostic value of pleural fluid pH. Chest 1980;78:55-9
    • (1980) Chest , vol.78 , pp. 55-59
    • Good, J.T.1    Taryle, D.A.2    Maulitz, R.M.3
  • 156
    • 0023412807 scopus 로고
    • Pleural fluid pH. diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic value
    • Houston MC. Pleural fluid pH: diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic value. Am J Surg 1987;154:333-7
    • (1987) Am J Surg , vol.154 , pp. 333-337
    • Houston, M.C.1
  • 157
    • 0027438910 scopus 로고
    • A study of acute community-acquired pneumonia, including details of cardiac changes
    • Seedat MA, Feldman C, Skoularigis J, et al. A study of acute community-acquired pneumonia, including details of cardiac changes. Q J Med 1993;86:669-75
    • (1993) Q J Med , vol.86 , pp. 669-675
    • Seedat, M.A.1    Feldman, C.2    Skoularigis, J.3
  • 158
    • 34447093954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between pneumococcal pneumonia and acute cardiac events
    • Musher DM, Rueda AM, Kaka AS, et al. The association between pneumococcal pneumonia and acute cardiac events. Clin Infect Dis 2007;45:158-65
    • (2007) Clin Infect Dis , vol.45 , pp. 158-165
    • Musher, D.M.1    Rueda, A.M.2    Kaka, A.S.3
  • 159
    • 46349099104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute myocardial infarction in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia
    • Ramirez J, Aliberti S, Mirsaeidi M, et al. Acute myocardial infarction in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis 2008;47:182-7
    • (2008) Clin Infect Dis , vol.47 , pp. 182-187
    • Ramirez, J.1    Aliberti, S.2    Mirsaeidi, M.3
  • 160
    • 79959806330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac complications in patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
    • Corrales-Medina VF, Suh KN, Rose G, et al. Cardiac complications in patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. PLoS Med 2011;8:e1001048
    • (2011) PLoS Med , vol.8
    • Corrales-Medina, V.F.1    Suh, K.N.2    Rose, G.3
  • 161
    • 84862823940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac complications in patients with community-acquired pneumonia: incidence, timing, risk factors, and association with short-term mortality
    • Corrales-Medina VF, Musher DM, Wells GA, et al. Cardiac complications in patients with community-acquired pneumonia: incidence, timing, risk factors, and association with short-term mortality. Circulation 2012;125:773-81
    • (2012) Circulation , vol.125 , pp. 773-781
    • Corrales-Medina, V.F.1    Musher, D.M.2    Wells, G.A.3
  • 162
    • 84873728481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute pneumonia and the cardiovascular system
    • Corrales-Medina VF, Musher DM, Shachkina S, et al. Acute pneumonia and the cardiovascular system. Lancet 2013;381:496-505
    • (2013) Lancet , vol.381 , pp. 496-505
    • Corrales-Medina, V.F.1    Musher, D.M.2    Shachkina, S.3
  • 163
  • 164
    • 84908377319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelet activation is associated with myocardial infarction in patients with pneumonia
    • Cangemi R, Casciaro M, Rossi E, et al. Platelet activation is associated with myocardial infarction in patients with pneumonia. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014;64:1917-25
    • (2014) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.64 , pp. 1917-1925
    • Cangemi, R.1    Casciaro, M.2    Rossi, E.3
  • 165
    • 84939233618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Pathogenesis of Acute Cardiac Events and Potential Adjunctive Therapies
    • Feldman C, Anderson R. Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Pathogenesis of Acute Cardiac Events and Potential Adjunctive Therapies. Chest 2015;148:523-32
    • (2015) Chest , vol.148 , pp. 523-532
    • Feldman, C.1    Anderson, R.2
  • 166
    • 84926303032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lower mortality rate in elderly patients with community-onset pneumonia on treatment with aspirin
    • Falcone M, Russo A, Cangemi R, et al. Lower mortality rate in elderly patients with community-onset pneumonia on treatment with aspirin. J Am Heart Assoc 2015;4:e001595
    • (2015) J Am Heart Assoc , vol.4
    • Falcone, M.1    Russo, A.2    Cangemi, R.3
  • 167
    • 84907572308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Streptococcus pneumoniae translocates into the myocardium and forms unique microlesions that disrupt cardiac function
    • Brown AO, Mann B, Gao G, et al. Streptococcus pneumoniae translocates into the myocardium and forms unique microlesions that disrupt cardiac function. PLoS Pathog 2014;10:e1004383
    • (2014) PLoS Pathog , vol.10
    • Brown, A.O.1    Mann, B.2    Gao, G.3
  • 169
    • 84870747214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk stratification and prognosis of acute cardiac events in hospitalized adults with community-acquired pneumonia
    • Viasus D, Garcia-Vidal C, Manresa F, et al. Risk stratification and prognosis of acute cardiac events in hospitalized adults with community-acquired pneumonia. J Infect 2013;66:27-33
    • (2013) J Infect , vol.66 , pp. 27-33
    • Viasus, D.1    Garcia-Vidal, C.2    Manresa, F.3
  • 170
    • 84921442937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between hospitalization for pneumonia and subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease
    • Corrales-Medina VF, Alvarez KN, Weissfeld LA, et al. Association between hospitalization for pneumonia and subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease. JAMA 2015;313:264-74
    • (2015) JAMA , vol.313 , pp. 264-274
    • Corrales-Medina, V.F.1    Alvarez, K.N.2    Weissfeld, L.A.3
  • 171
    • 84938201262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of Cardiac Complications in the Early Phase of Community-Acquired Pneumonia to Long-Term Mortality and Cardiovascular Events
    • Cangemi R, Calvieri C, Falcone M, et al. Relation of Cardiac Complications in the Early Phase of Community-Acquired Pneumonia to Long-Term Mortality and Cardiovascular Events. Am J Cardiol 2015;116:647-51
    • (2015) Am J Cardiol , vol.116 , pp. 647-651
    • Cangemi, R.1    Calvieri, C.2    Falcone, M.3
  • 172
    • 84987810706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community-acquired pneumonia: still a major burden of disease
    • Feldman C, Anderson R. Community-acquired pneumonia: still a major burden of disease. Curr Opin Crit Care 2016;22:477-84
    • (2016) Curr Opin Crit Care , vol.22 , pp. 477-484
    • Feldman, C.1    Anderson, R.2
  • 173
    • 0035282729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspiration pneumonitis and aspiration pneumonia
    • Marik PE. Aspiration pneumonitis and aspiration pneumonia. N Engl J Med 2001;344:665-71
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.344 , pp. 665-671
    • Marik, P.E.1
  • 174
    • 0023951328 scopus 로고
    • Microbiological and clinical aspects of aspiration pneumonia
    • Lode H. Microbiological and clinical aspects of aspiration pneumonia. J Antimicrob Chemother 1988;21 Suppl C:83-90
    • (1988) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.21 , pp. 83-90
    • Lode, H.1
  • 175
    • 0016764095 scopus 로고
    • The triple threat of aspiration pneumonia
    • Bartlett JG, Gorbach SL. The triple threat of aspiration pneumonia. Chest 1975;68:560-6
    • (1975) Chest , vol.68 , pp. 560-566
    • Bartlett, J.G.1    Gorbach, S.L.2
  • 176
    • 0025898979 scopus 로고
    • Aspiration pneumonia
    • Finegold SM. Aspiration pneumonia. Rev Infect Dis 1991;13 Suppl 9:S737-42
    • (1991) Rev Infect Dis , vol.13 , pp. S737-S742
    • Finegold, S.M.1
  • 178
    • 0026505160 scopus 로고
    • Risk of pulmonary aspiration among patients receiving enteral nutrition support
    • Mullan H, Roubenoff RA, Roubenoff R. Risk of pulmonary aspiration among patients receiving enteral nutrition support. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 1992;16:160-4
    • (1992) JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr , vol.16 , pp. 160-164
    • Mullan, H.1    Roubenoff, R.A.2    Roubenoff, R.3
  • 179
    • 84920697531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspiration pneumonia: a review of modern trends
    • DiBardino DM, Wunderink RG. Aspiration pneumonia: a review of modern trends. J Crit Care 2015;30:40-8
    • (2015) J Crit Care , vol.30 , pp. 40-48
    • DiBardino, D.M.1    Wunderink, R.G.2
  • 180
    • 0025731869 scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary aspiration during emergency endoscopy in patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage
    • Lipper B, Simon D, Cerrone F. Pulmonary aspiration during emergency endoscopy in patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Crit Care Med 1991;19:330-3
    • (1991) Crit Care Med , vol.19 , pp. 330-333
    • Lipper, B.1    Simon, D.2    Cerrone, F.3
  • 181
    • 0037283332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endotracheal intubation for airway protection during endoscopy for severe upper GI hemorrhage
    • Rudolph SJ, Landsverk BK, Freeman ML. Endotracheal intubation for airway protection during endoscopy for severe upper GI hemorrhage. Gastrointest Endosc 2003;57:58-61
    • (2003) Gastrointest Endosc , vol.57 , pp. 58-61
    • Rudolph, S.J.1    Landsverk, B.K.2    Freeman, M.L.3
  • 182
    • 33645048483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in the features of aspiration pneumonia according to site of acquisition: community or continuing care facility
    • Reza Shariatzadeh M, Huang JQ, Marrie TJ. Differences in the features of aspiration pneumonia according to site of acquisition: community or continuing care facility. J Am Geriatr Soc 2006;54:296-302
    • (2006) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.54 , pp. 296-302
    • Reza Shariatzadeh, M.1    Huang, J.Q.2    Marrie, T.J.3
  • 183
    • 0024698207 scopus 로고
    • Community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization: 5-year prospective study
    • Marrie TJ, Durant H, Yates L. Community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization: 5-year prospective study. Rev Infect Dis 1989;11:586-99
    • (1989) Rev Infect Dis , vol.11 , pp. 586-599
    • Marrie, T.J.1    Durant, H.2    Yates, L.3
  • 184
    • 0026378758 scopus 로고
    • Severe communityacquired pneumonia. Epidemiology and prognostic factors
    • Torres A, Serra-Batlles J, Ferrer A, et al. Severe communityacquired pneumonia. Epidemiology and prognostic factors. Am Rev Respir Dis 1991;144:312-8
    • (1991) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.144 , pp. 312-318
    • Torres, A.1    Serra-Batlles, J.2    Ferrer, A.3
  • 185
    • 0028332577 scopus 로고
    • Severe communityacquired pneumonia, Etiology, epidemiology, and prognosis factors. French Study Group for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit
    • Moine P, Vercken JB, Chevret S, et al. Severe communityacquired pneumonia. Etiology, epidemiology, and prognosis factors. French Study Group for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit. Chest 1994;105:1487-95
    • (1994) Chest , vol.105 , pp. 1487-1495
    • Moine, P.1    Vercken, J.B.2    Chevret, S.3
  • 186
    • 84886419531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for aspiration in community-acquired pneumonia: analysis of a hospitalized UK cohort
    • Taylor JK, Fleming GB, Singanayagam A, et al. Risk factors for aspiration in community-acquired pneumonia: analysis of a hospitalized UK cohort. Am J Med 2013;126:995-1001
    • (2013) Am J Med , vol.126 , pp. 995-1001
    • Taylor, J.K.1    Fleming, G.B.2    Singanayagam, A.3
  • 187
    • 0027932926 scopus 로고
    • Aspiration and relative risk of medical complications following stroke
    • Holas MA, DePippo KL, Reding MJ. Aspiration and relative risk of medical complications following stroke. Arch Neurol 1994;51:1051-3
    • (1994) Arch Neurol , vol.51 , pp. 1051-1053
    • Holas, M.A.1    DePippo, K.L.2    Reding, M.J.3
  • 188
    • 80053176169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poststroke infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Westendorp WF, Nederkoorn PJ, Vermeij JD, et al. Poststroke infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Neurol 2011;11:110
    • (2011) BMC Neurol , vol.11 , pp. 110
    • Westendorp, W.F.1    Nederkoorn, P.J.2    Vermeij, J.D.3
  • 189
    • 0031434652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communityacquired aspiration pneumonia in intensive care units. Epidemiological and prognosis data
    • Leroy O, Vandenbussche C, Coffinier C, et al. Communityacquired aspiration pneumonia in intensive care units. Epidemiological and prognosis data. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997;156:1922-9
    • (1997) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.156 , pp. 1922-1929
    • Leroy, O.1    Vandenbussche, C.2    Coffinier, C.3
  • 190
    • 0028889934 scopus 로고
    • A five-year study of severe community-acquired pneumonia with emphasis on prognosis in patients admitted to an intensive care unit
    • Leroy O, Santre C, Beuscart C, et al. A five-year study of severe community-acquired pneumonia with emphasis on prognosis in patients admitted to an intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med 1995;21:24-31
    • (1995) Intensive Care Med , vol.21 , pp. 24-31
    • Leroy, O.1    Santre, C.2    Beuscart, C.3
  • 191
    • 0041365479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology and impact of aspiration pneumonia in patients undergoing surgery in Maryland, 1999-2000
    • Kozlow JH, Berenholtz SM, Garrett E, et al. Epidemiology and impact of aspiration pneumonia in patients undergoing surgery in Maryland, 1999-2000. Crit Care Med 2003;31:1930-7
    • (2003) Crit Care Med , vol.31 , pp. 1930-1937
    • Kozlow, J.H.1    Berenholtz, S.M.2    Garrett, E.3
  • 192
    • 0030017848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation between Glasgow Coma Scale and aspiration pneumonia
    • Adnet F, Baud F. Relation between Glasgow Coma Scale and aspiration pneumonia. Lancet 1996;348:123-4
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.348 , pp. 123-124
    • Adnet, F.1    Baud, F.2
  • 193
    • 0036171798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oropharyngeal deglutition in stable COPD
    • Mokhlesi B, Logemann JA, Rademaker AW, et al. Oropharyngeal deglutition in stable COPD. Chest 2002;121:361-9
    • (2002) Chest , vol.121 , pp. 361-369
    • Mokhlesi, B.1    Logemann, J.A.2    Rademaker, A.W.3
  • 194
    • 84938887886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antipsychotic drug exposure and risk of pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
    • Nosè M, Recla E, Trifirò G, et al. Antipsychotic drug exposure and risk of pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2015;24:812-20
    • (2015) Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf , vol.24 , pp. 812-820
    • Nosè, M.1    Recla, E.2    Trifirò, G.3
  • 195
    • 0035013123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspiration pneumonia: dental and oral risk factors in an older veteran population
    • Terpenning MS, Taylor GW, Lopatin DE, et al. Aspiration pneumonia: dental and oral risk factors in an older veteran population. J Am Geriatr Soc 2001;49:557-63
    • (2001) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.49 , pp. 557-563
    • Terpenning, M.S.1    Taylor, G.W.2    Lopatin, D.E.3
  • 196
    • 0032110942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations between oral conditions and respiratory disease in a national sample survey population
    • Scannapieco FA, Papandonatos GD, Dunford RG. Associations between oral conditions and respiratory disease in a national sample survey population. Ann Periodontol 1998;3:251-6
    • (1998) Ann Periodontol , vol.3 , pp. 251-256
    • Scannapieco, F.A.1    Papandonatos, G.D.2    Dunford, R.G.3
  • 197
    • 0026514721 scopus 로고
    • Randomised comparison of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and nasogastric tube feeding in patients with persisting neurological dysphagia
    • Park RH, Allison MC, Lang J, et al. Randomised comparison of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and nasogastric tube feeding in patients with persisting neurological dysphagia. BMJ 1992;304:1406-9
    • (1992) BMJ , vol.304 , pp. 1406-1409
    • Park, R.H.1    Allison, M.C.2    Lang, J.3
  • 198
    • 84873561367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How important are anaerobic bacteria in aspiration pneumonia: when should they be treated and what is optimal therapy
    • Bartlett JG. How important are anaerobic bacteria in aspiration pneumonia: when should they be treated and what is optimal therapy. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2013;27:149-55
    • (2013) Infect Dis Clin North Am , vol.27 , pp. 149-155
    • Bartlett, J.G.1
  • 199
    • 0027256164 scopus 로고
    • Anaerobic bacterial infections of the lung and pleural space
    • Bartlett JG. Anaerobic bacterial infections of the lung and pleural space. Clin Infect Dis 1993;16 Suppl 4:S248-55
    • (1993) Clin Infect Dis , vol.16 , pp. S248-S255
    • Bartlett, J.G.1
  • 201
    • 0020035968 scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity, specificity, and risk of diagnostic procedures in a canine model of Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia
    • Moser KM, Maurer J, Jassy L, et al. Sensitivity, specificity, and risk of diagnostic procedures in a canine model of Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia. Am Rev Respir Dis 1982;125:436-42
    • (1982) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.125 , pp. 436-442
    • Moser, K.M.1    Maurer, J.2    Jassy, L.3
  • 202
    • 0027199545 scopus 로고
    • Is penicillin G an adequate initial treatment for aspiration pneumonia?. A prospective evaluation using a protected specimen brush and quantitative cultures
    • Mier L, Dreyfuss D, Darchy B, et al. Is penicillin G an adequate initial treatment for aspiration pneumonia? A prospective evaluation using a protected specimen brush and quantitative cultures. Intensive Care Med 1993;19:279-84
    • (1993) Intensive Care Med , vol.19 , pp. 279-284
    • Mier, L.1    Dreyfuss, D.2    Darchy, B.3
  • 203
    • 0032906929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of anaerobes in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia and aspiration pneumonia: a prospective study
    • Marik PE, Careau P. The role of anaerobes in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia and aspiration pneumonia: a prospective study. Chest 1999;115:178-83
    • (1999) Chest , vol.115 , pp. 178-183
    • Marik, P.E.1    Careau, P.2
  • 204
    • 0037531483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbiology of severe aspiration pneumonia in institutionalized elderly
    • El-Solh AA, Pietrantoni C, Bhat A, et al. Microbiology of severe aspiration pneumonia in institutionalized elderly. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003;167:1650-4
    • (2003) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.167 , pp. 1650-1654
    • El-Solh, A.A.1    Pietrantoni, C.2    Bhat, A.3
  • 205
    • 79957636566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic use of serum procalcitonin levels in pulmonary aspiration syndromes
    • El-Solh AA, Vora H, Knight PR 3rd, et al. Diagnostic use of serum procalcitonin levels in pulmonary aspiration syndromes. Crit Care Med 2011;39:1251-6
    • (2011) Crit Care Med , vol.39 , pp. 1251-1256
    • El-Solh, A.A.1    Vora, H.2    Knight, P.R.3
  • 206
    • 0016184340 scopus 로고
    • Anaerobic infections of the lung and pleural space
    • Bartlett JG, Finegold SM. Anaerobic infections of the lung and pleural space. Am Rev Respir Dis 1974;110:56-77
    • (1974) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.110 , pp. 56-77
    • Bartlett, J.G.1    Finegold, S.M.2
  • 207
    • 84930284328 scopus 로고
    • The aspiration of stomach contents into the lungs during obstetric anesthesia
    • Mendelson CL. The aspiration of stomach contents into the lungs during obstetric anesthesia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1946;52:191-205
    • (1946) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.52 , pp. 191-205
    • Mendelson, C.L.1
  • 208
    • 0020586512 scopus 로고
    • Clindamycin compared with penicillin for the treatment of anaerobic lung abscess
    • Levison ME, Mangura CT, Lorber B, et al. Clindamycin compared with penicillin for the treatment of anaerobic lung abscess. Ann Intern Med 1983;98:466-71
    • (1983) Ann Intern Med , vol.98 , pp. 466-471
    • Levison, M.E.1    Mangura, C.T.2    Lorber, B.3
  • 209
    • 0025665180 scopus 로고
    • Clindamycin vs penicillin for anaerobic lung infections. High rate of penicillin failures associated with penicillin-resistant Bacteroides melaninogenicus
    • Gudiol F, Manresa F, Pallares R, et al. Clindamycin vs penicillin for anaerobic lung infections. High rate of penicillin failures associated with penicillin-resistant Bacteroides melaninogenicus. Arch Intern Med 1990;150:2525-9
    • (1990) Arch Intern Med , vol.150 , pp. 2525-2529
    • Gudiol, F.1    Manresa, F.2    Pallares, R.3
  • 210
    • 77956405554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Updated recommendations for prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease among adults using the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23)
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. Updated recommendations for prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease among adults using the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23). MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2010;59:1102-6
    • (2010) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.59 , pp. 1102-1106
  • 211
    • 84862119561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Licensure of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for adults aged 50 years and older
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Licensure of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for adults aged 50 years and older. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2012;61:394-5
    • (2012) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.61 , pp. 394-395
  • 212
    • 85021337231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Final approved Package Insert-26 November
    • Pfizer laboratories (Pty) Ltd. Prevenar 13 suspension for injection. Final approved Package Insert-26 November 2015
    • (2015) Prevenar 13 suspension for injection
  • 213
    • 84868018443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine for adults with immunocompromising conditions: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Use of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine for adults with immunocompromising conditions: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2012;61:816-9
    • (2012) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.61 , pp. 816-819
  • 214
    • 84907454989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine among adults aged >/=65 years: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)
    • Tomczyk S, Bennett NM, Stoecker C, et al. Use of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine among adults aged >/=65 years: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2014;63:822-5
    • (2014) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.63 , pp. 822-825
    • Tomczyk, S.1    Bennett, N.M.2    Stoecker, C.3
  • 215
    • 77649329574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A trial of a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in HIV-infected adults
    • French N, Gordon SB, Mwalukomo T, et al. A trial of a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in HIV-infected adults. N Engl J Med 2010;362:812-22
    • (2010) N Engl J Med , vol.362 , pp. 812-822
    • French, N.1    Gordon, S.B.2    Mwalukomo, T.3
  • 216
    • 84925071077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polysaccharide conjugate vaccine against pneumococcal pneumonia in adults
    • Bonten MJ, Huijts SM, Bolkenbaas M, et al. Polysaccharide conjugate vaccine against pneumococcal pneumonia in adults. N Engl J Med 2015;372:1114-25
    • (2015) N Engl J Med , vol.372 , pp. 1114-1125
    • Bonten, M.J.1    Huijts, S.M.2    Bolkenbaas, M.3
  • 217
    • 84906232635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccine in older adults
    • DiazGranados CA, Dunning AJ, Kimmel M, et al. Efficacy of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccine in older adults. N Engl J Med 2014;371:635-45
    • (2014) N Engl J Med , vol.371 , pp. 635-645
    • DiazGranados, C.A.1    Dunning, A.J.2    Kimmel, M.3
  • 218
    • 79951638732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in African adults infected with human immunodeficient virus: double blind, randomized clinical trial of efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety
    • Madhi SA, Maskew M, Koen A, et al. Trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in African adults infected with human immunodeficient virus: double blind, randomized clinical trial of efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety. Clin Infect Dis 2011;52:128-37
    • (2011) Clin Infect Dis , vol.52 , pp. 128-137
    • Madhi, S.A.1    Maskew, M.2    Koen, A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.