메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2016, Pages 6-36

A systematic review of methodology applied during preclinical anesthetic neurotoxicity studies: important issues and lessons relevant to the design of future clinical research

Author keywords

anesthetic related neurotoxicity in the developing age; cognitive behavioral impairment; general anesthetic neurotoxicity

Indexed keywords

ANESTHETIC AGENT; NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENT;

EID: 84979938933     PISSN: 11555645     EISSN: 14609592     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/pan.12786     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (66)

References (84)
  • 1
    • 0037321378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early exposure to common anesthetic agents causes widespread neurodegeneration in the developing rat brain and persistent learning deficits
    • Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Hartman RE, Izumi Y et al. Early exposure to common anesthetic agents causes widespread neurodegeneration in the developing rat brain and persistent learning deficits. J Neurosci 2003; 23: 876–882.
    • (2003) J Neurosci , vol.23 , pp. 876-882
    • Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.1    Hartman, R.E.2    Izumi, Y.3
  • 2
    • 30544449399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential of ketamine and midazolam, individually or in combination, to induce apoptotic neurodegeneration in the infant mouse brain
    • Young C, Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Qin YQ et al. Potential of ketamine and midazolam, individually or in combination, to induce apoptotic neurodegeneration in the infant mouse brain. Br J Pharmacol 2005; 146: 189–197.
    • (2005) Br J Pharmacol , vol.146 , pp. 189-197
    • Young, C.1    Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.2    Qin, Y.Q.3
  • 3
    • 25844506986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anesthesia induces neuronal cell death in the developing rat brain via the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways
    • Yon JH, Daniel-Johnson J, Carter LB et al. Anesthesia induces neuronal cell death in the developing rat brain via the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. Neuroscience 2005; 135: 815–827.
    • (2005) Neuroscience , vol.135 , pp. 815-827
    • Yon, J.H.1    Daniel-Johnson, J.2    Carter, L.B.3
  • 4
    • 42249095115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early exposure to general anesthesia causes significant neuronal deletion in the developing rat brain
    • Nikizad H, Yon JH, Carter LB et al. Early exposure to general anesthesia causes significant neuronal deletion in the developing rat brain. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007; 1122: 69–82.
    • (2007) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1122 , pp. 69-82
    • Nikizad, H.1    Yon, J.H.2    Carter, L.B.3
  • 5
    • 84877583431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early exposure to general anesthesia disturbs mitochondrial fission and fusion in the developing rat brain
    • Boscolo A, Milanovic D, Starr JA et al. Early exposure to general anesthesia disturbs mitochondrial fission and fusion in the developing rat brain. Anesthesiology 2013; 118: 1086–1097.
    • (2013) Anesthesiology , vol.118 , pp. 1086-1097
    • Boscolo, A.1    Milanovic, D.2    Starr, J.A.3
  • 6
    • 65349097390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consensus statement: first International Workshop on Anesthetics and Alzheimer's disease
    • Baranov D, Bickler PE, Crosby GJ et al. Consensus statement: first International Workshop on Anesthetics and Alzheimer's disease. Anesth Analg 2009; 108: 1627–1630.
    • (2009) Anesth Analg , vol.108 , pp. 1627-1630
    • Baranov, D.1    Bickler, P.E.2    Crosby, G.J.3
  • 7
    • 84883554586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Educational outcome in adolescence following pyloric stenosis repair before 3 months of age: a nationwide cohort study
    • Hansen TG, Pedersen JK, Henneberg SW et al. Educational outcome in adolescence following pyloric stenosis repair before 3 months of age: a nationwide cohort study. Pediatr Anesth 2013; 23: 883–890.
    • (2013) Pediatr Anesth , vol.23 , pp. 883-890
    • Hansen, T.G.1    Pedersen, J.K.2    Henneberg, S.W.3
  • 8
    • 79955465251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Academic performance in adolescence after inguinal hernia repair in infancy: a nationwide cohort study
    • Hansen TG, Pedersen JK, Henneberg SW et al. Academic performance in adolescence after inguinal hernia repair in infancy: a nationwide cohort study. Anesthesiology 2011; 114: 1076–1085.
    • (2011) Anesthesiology , vol.114 , pp. 1076-1085
    • Hansen, T.G.1    Pedersen, J.K.2    Henneberg, S.W.3
  • 9
    • 77955798109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pro-con debate: cohort studies vs the randomized clinical trial methodology in pediatric anesthesia
    • Hansen TG, Henneberg SW, Morton NS et al. Pro-con debate: cohort studies vs the randomized clinical trial methodology in pediatric anesthesia. Pediatr Anesth 2010; 20: 880–894.
    • (2010) Pediatr Anesth , vol.20 , pp. 880-894
    • Hansen, T.G.1    Henneberg, S.W.2    Morton, N.S.3
  • 10
    • 84865778496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term differences in language and cognitive function after childhood exposure to anesthesia
    • Ing C, DiMaggio C, Whitehouse A et al. Long-term differences in language and cognitive function after childhood exposure to anesthesia. Pediatrics 2012; 130: e476–e485.
    • (2012) Pediatrics , vol.130 , pp. e476-e485
    • Ing, C.1    DiMaggio, C.2    Whitehouse, A.3
  • 11
    • 80355148374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive and behavioral outcomes after early exposure to anesthesia and surgery
    • Flick RP, Katusic SK, Colligan RC et al. Cognitive and behavioral outcomes after early exposure to anesthesia and surgery. Pediatrics 2011; 128: e1053–e1061.
    • (2011) Pediatrics , vol.128 , pp. e1053-e1061
    • Flick, R.P.1    Katusic, S.K.2    Colligan, R.C.3
  • 13
    • 84866382968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feasibility and pilot study of the Pediatric Anesthesia NeuroDevelopment Assessment (PANDA) project. PANDA symposium proceedings
    • Sun LS, Li G, DiMaggio CJ et al. Feasibility and pilot study of the Pediatric Anesthesia NeuroDevelopment Assessment (PANDA) project. PANDA symposium proceedings. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2012; 24: 382–388.
    • (2012) J Neurosurg Anesthesiol , vol.24 , pp. 382-388
    • Sun, L.S.1    Li, G.2    DiMaggio, C.J.3
  • 14
    • 84874457770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genomic responses in mouse models poorly mimic human inflammatory diseases
    • Seok J, Warren HS, Cuenca AG et al. Genomic responses in mouse models poorly mimic human inflammatory diseases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110: 3507–3512.
    • (2013) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.110 , pp. 3507-3512
    • Seok, J.1    Warren, H.S.2    Cuenca, A.G.3
  • 15
    • 84881257390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell age-specific vulnerability of neurons to anesthetic toxicity
    • Hofacer RD, Deng M, Ward CG et al. Cell age-specific vulnerability of neurons to anesthetic toxicity. Ann Neurol 2013; 73: 695–704.
    • (2013) Ann Neurol , vol.73 , pp. 695-704
    • Hofacer, R.D.1    Deng, M.2    Ward, C.G.3
  • 16
    • 84905825186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain regional velnerability to anaesthesia-induced neuroapoptosis shifts with age at exposure and extends into adulthood for some regions
    • Deng M, Hofacer RD, Jiang C et al. Brain regional velnerability to anaesthesia-induced neuroapoptosis shifts with age at exposure and extends into adulthood for some regions. Br J Anaesth 2014; 113: 443–451.
    • (2014) Br J Anaesth , vol.113 , pp. 443-451
    • Deng, M.1    Hofacer, R.D.2    Jiang, C.3
  • 17
    • 78650956364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The glutaminergic, GABAergic, dopaminergic but not cholinergic neurons are susceptible to anaesthesia-induced cell death in the rat developing brain
    • Zhou ZW, Shu Y, Li M et al. The glutaminergic, GABAergic, dopaminergic but not cholinergic neurons are susceptible to anaesthesia-induced cell death in the rat developing brain. Neuroscience 2011; 174: 64–70.
    • (2011) Neuroscience , vol.174 , pp. 64-70
    • Zhou, Z.W.1    Shu, Y.2    Li, M.3
  • 18
    • 84876668527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization and quantification of isoflurane-induced developmental apoptotic cell death in mouse cerebral cortex
    • Istaphanous GK, Ward CG, Nan X et al. Characterization and quantification of isoflurane-induced developmental apoptotic cell death in mouse cerebral cortex. Anesth Analg 2013; 116: 845–854.
    • (2013) Anesth Analg , vol.116 , pp. 845-854
    • Istaphanous, G.K.1    Ward, C.G.2    Nan, X.3
  • 19
    • 84878608294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of anaesthetics and surgery on neurodevelopment: an update
    • Sanders RD, Hassell J, Davidson AJ et al. Impact of anaesthetics and surgery on neurodevelopment: an update. Br J Anaesth 2013; 110(Suppl 1): i53–i72.
    • (2013) Br J Anaesth , vol.110 , pp. i53-i72
    • Sanders, R.D.1    Hassell, J.2    Davidson, A.J.3
  • 20
    • 84878545040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological perioperative brain neuroprotection: a qualitative review of randomized clinical trials
    • Bilotta F, Gelb AW, Stazi E et al. Pharmacological perioperative brain neuroprotection: a qualitative review of randomized clinical trials. Br J Anaesth 2013; 110(Suppl 1): i113–i120.
    • (2013) Br J Anaesth , vol.110 , pp. i113-i120
    • Bilotta, F.1    Gelb, A.W.2    Stazi, E.3
  • 21
    • 84878601588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anaesthetic neurotoxicity and neuroplasticity: an expert group report and statement based on the BJA Salzburg Seminar
    • Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Absalom AR, Blomgren K et al. Anaesthetic neurotoxicity and neuroplasticity: an expert group report and statement based on the BJA Salzburg Seminar. Br J Anaesth 2013; 111: 143–151.
    • (2013) Br J Anaesth , vol.111 , pp. 143-151
    • Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.1    Absalom, A.R.2    Blomgren, K.3
  • 22
    • 84885314494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional implications of an early exposure to general anesthesia: are we changing the behavior of our children?
    • Jevtovic-Todorovic V. Functional implications of an early exposure to general anesthesia: are we changing the behavior of our children? Mol Neurobiol 2013; 48: 288–293.
    • (2013) Mol Neurobiol , vol.48 , pp. 288-293
    • Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.1
  • 23
    • 84901338726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine administered to pregnant rats in the second trimester causes long-lasting behavioral disorders in offspring
    • Zhao T, Li Y, Wei W et al. Ketamine administered to pregnant rats in the second trimester causes long-lasting behavioral disorders in offspring. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 68: 145–155.
    • (2014) Neurobiol Dis , vol.68 , pp. 145-155
    • Zhao, T.1    Li, Y.2    Wei, W.3
  • 24
    • 77952890794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is age-dependent, ketamine-induced apoptosis in the rat somatosensory cortex influenced by temperature?
    • Gutierrez S, Carnes A, Finucane B et al. Is age-dependent, ketamine-induced apoptosis in the rat somatosensory cortex influenced by temperature? Neuroscience 2010; 168: 253–262.
    • (2010) Neuroscience , vol.168 , pp. 253-262
    • Gutierrez, S.1    Carnes, A.2    Finucane, B.3
  • 25
    • 79961020460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental Stage-dependent persistent impact of propofol anesthesia on dendritic spines in the rat medial prefrontal cortex
    • Briner A, Nikonenko I, De Roo M et al. Developmental Stage-dependent persistent impact of propofol anesthesia on dendritic spines in the rat medial prefrontal cortex. Anesthesiology 2011; 115: 282–293.
    • (2011) Anesthesiology , vol.115 , pp. 282-293
    • Briner, A.1    Nikonenko, I.2    De Roo, M.3
  • 26
    • 65349114721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isoflurane differentially affects neurogenesis and long-term neurocognitive function in 60-day-old and 7-day-old rats
    • Stratmann G, Sall JW, May LD et al. Isoflurane differentially affects neurogenesis and long-term neurocognitive function in 60-day-old and 7-day-old rats. Anesthesiology 2009; 110: 834–848.
    • (2009) Anesthesiology , vol.110 , pp. 834-848
    • Stratmann, G.1    Sall, J.W.2    May, L.D.3
  • 27
    • 58749107529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of neonatal isoflurane exposure in mice on brain cell viability, adult behavior, learning, and memory
    • Loepke AW, Istaphanous GK, McAuliffe JJ 3rd et al. The effects of neonatal isoflurane exposure in mice on brain cell viability, adult behavior, learning, and memory. Anesth Analg 2009; 108: 90–104.
    • (2009) Anesth Analg , vol.108 , pp. 90-104
    • Loepke, A.W.1    Istaphanous, G.K.2    McAuliffe, J.J.3
  • 28
    • 77952009347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isoflurane anesthesia induced persistent, progressive memory impairment, caused a loss of neural stem cells, and reduced neurogenesis in young, but not adult, rodents
    • Zhu C, Gao J, Karlsson N et al. Isoflurane anesthesia induced persistent, progressive memory impairment, caused a loss of neural stem cells, and reduced neurogenesis in young, but not adult, rodents. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2010; 30: 1017–1030.
    • (2010) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.30 , pp. 1017-1030
    • Zhu, C.1    Gao, J.2    Karlsson, N.3
  • 29
    • 84871456345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sevoflurane exposure in 7-day-old rats affects neurogenesis, neurodegeneration and neurocognitive function
    • Fang F, Xue Z, Cang J. Sevoflurane exposure in 7-day-old rats affects neurogenesis, neurodegeneration and neurocognitive function. Neurosci Bull 2012; 28: 499–508.
    • (2012) Neurosci Bull , vol.28 , pp. 499-508
    • Fang, F.1    Xue, Z.2    Cang, J.3
  • 30
    • 84902675087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of ketamine on learning and memory function, neuronal apoptosis and its potential association with miR-214 and PTEN in adolescent rats
    • Wang J, Zhou M, Wang X et al. Impact of ketamine on learning and memory function, neuronal apoptosis and its potential association with miR-214 and PTEN in adolescent rats. PLoS ONE 2014; 9: e99855.
    • (2014) PLoS ONE , vol.9
    • Wang, J.1    Zhou, M.2    Wang, X.3
  • 31
    • 84873060898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repeated exposure to propofol potentiates neuroapoptosis and long-term behavioral deficits in neonatal rats
    • Yu D, Jiang Y, Gao J et al. Repeated exposure to propofol potentiates neuroapoptosis and long-term behavioral deficits in neonatal rats. Neurosci Lett 2013; 534: 41–46.
    • (2013) Neurosci Lett , vol.534 , pp. 41-46
    • Yu, D.1    Jiang, Y.2    Gao, J.3
  • 32
    • 77953027616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anesthetic sevoflurane causes neurotoxicity differently in neonatal naïve and Alzheimer disease transgenic mice
    • Lu Y, Wu X, Dong Y et al. Anesthetic sevoflurane causes neurotoxicity differently in neonatal naïve and Alzheimer disease transgenic mice. Anesthesiology 2010; 112: 1404–1416.
    • (2010) Anesthesiology , vol.112 , pp. 1404-1416
    • Lu, Y.1    Wu, X.2    Dong, Y.3
  • 33
    • 84898630759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neonatal ketamine exposure causes impairment of long-term synaptic plasticity in the anterior cingulate cortex of rats
    • Wang RR, Jin JH, Womack AW et al. Neonatal ketamine exposure causes impairment of long-term synaptic plasticity in the anterior cingulate cortex of rats. Neuroscience 2014; 268: 309–317.
    • (2014) Neuroscience , vol.268 , pp. 309-317
    • Wang, R.R.1    Jin, J.H.2    Womack, A.W.3
  • 34
    • 80053375207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient effects of anesthetics on dendritic spines and filopodia in the living mouse cortex
    • Yang G, Chang PC, Bekker A et al. Transient effects of anesthetics on dendritic spines and filopodia in the living mouse cortex. Anesthesiology 2011; 115: 718–726.
    • (2011) Anesthesiology , vol.115 , pp. 718-726
    • Yang, G.1    Chang, P.C.2    Bekker, A.3
  • 35
    • 44649190425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General anesthetics induce apoptotic neurodegeneration in the neonatal rat spinal cord
    • Sanders RD, Xu J, Shu Y et al. General anesthetics induce apoptotic neurodegeneration in the neonatal rat spinal cord. Anesth Analg 2008; 106: 1708–1711.
    • (2008) Anesth Analg , vol.106 , pp. 1708-1711
    • Sanders, R.D.1    Xu, J.2    Shu, Y.3
  • 36
    • 80053198647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhalation anesthetic-induced neuronal damage in the developing rhesus monkey
    • Zou X, Liu F, Zhang X et al. Inhalation anesthetic-induced neuronal damage in the developing rhesus monkey. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2011; 33: 592–597.
    • (2011) Neurotoxicol Teratol , vol.33 , pp. 592-597
    • Zou, X.1    Liu, F.2    Zhang, X.3
  • 37
    • 84878582626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propofol-induced apoptosis of neurones and oligodendrocytes in fetal and neonatal rhesus macaque brain
    • Creeley C, Dikranian K, Dissen G et al. Propofol-induced apoptosis of neurones and oligodendrocytes in fetal and neonatal rhesus macaque brain. Br J Anaesth 2013; 110(Suppl 1): i29–i38.
    • (2013) Br J Anaesth , vol.110 , pp. i29-i38
    • Creeley, C.1    Dikranian, K.2    Dissen, G.3
  • 38
    • 84895423372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isoflurane-induced apoptosis of neurons and oligodendrocytes in the fetal rhesus macaque brain
    • Creeley CE, Dikranian KT, Dissen GA et al. Isoflurane-induced apoptosis of neurons and oligodendrocytes in the fetal rhesus macaque brain. Anesthesiology 2014; 120: 626–638.
    • (2014) Anesthesiology , vol.120 , pp. 626-638
    • Creeley, C.E.1    Dikranian, K.T.2    Dissen, G.A.3
  • 39
    • 84866345734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isoflurane-induced apoptosis of oligodendrocytes in the neonatal primate brain
    • Brambrink AM, Back SA, Riddle A et al. Isoflurane-induced apoptosis of oligodendrocytes in the neonatal primate brain. Ann Neurol 2012; 72: 525–535.
    • (2012) Ann Neurol , vol.72 , pp. 525-535
    • Brambrink, A.M.1    Back, S.A.2    Riddle, A.3
  • 40
    • 77950861065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isoflurane-induced neuroapoptosis in the neonatal rhesus macaque brain
    • Brambrink AM, Evers AS, Avidan MS et al. Isoflurane-induced neuroapoptosis in the neonatal rhesus macaque brain. Anesthesiology 2010; 112: 834–841.
    • (2010) Anesthesiology , vol.112 , pp. 834-841
    • Brambrink, A.M.1    Evers, A.S.2    Avidan, M.S.3
  • 41
    • 80055005685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neonatal desflurane exposure induces more robust neuroapoptosis than do isoflurane and sevoflurane and impairs working memory
    • Kodama M, Satoh Y, Otsubo Y et al. Neonatal desflurane exposure induces more robust neuroapoptosis than do isoflurane and sevoflurane and impairs working memory. Anesthesiology 2011; 115: 979–991.
    • (2011) Anesthesiology , vol.115 , pp. 979-991
    • Kodama, M.1    Satoh, Y.2    Otsubo, Y.3
  • 42
    • 79952040939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the neuroapoptotic properties of equipotent anesthetic concentrations of desflurane, isoflurane, or sevoflurane in neonatal mice
    • Istaphanous GK, Howard J, Nan X et al. Comparison of the neuroapoptotic properties of equipotent anesthetic concentrations of desflurane, isoflurane, or sevoflurane in neonatal mice. Anesthesiology 2011; 114: 578–587.
    • (2011) Anesthesiology , vol.114 , pp. 578-587
    • Istaphanous, G.K.1    Howard, J.2    Nan, X.3
  • 43
    • 77953024533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isoflurane causes greater neurodegeneration than an equivalent exposure of sevoflurane in the developing brain of neonatal mice
    • Liang G, Ward C, Peng J et al. Isoflurane causes greater neurodegeneration than an equivalent exposure of sevoflurane in the developing brain of neonatal mice. Anesthesiology 2010; 112: 1325–1334.
    • (2010) Anesthesiology , vol.112 , pp. 1325-1334
    • Liang, G.1    Ward, C.2    Peng, J.3
  • 44
    • 84954358692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subclinical concentration of sevoflurane potentiates neuronal apoptosis in the developing C57BL/6 mouse brain
    • Zhang X, Xue Z, Sun A. Subclinical concentration of sevoflurane potentiates neuronal apoptosis in the developing C57BL/6 mouse brain. Neurosci Lett 2008; 447: 109–114.
    • (2008) Neurosci Lett , vol.447 , pp. 109-114
    • Zhang, X.1    Xue, Z.2    Sun, A.3
  • 45
    • 77649106829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volatile anesthetics rapidly increase dendritic spine density in the rat medial prefrontal cortex during synaptogenesis
    • Briner A, De Roo M, Dayer A et al. Volatile anesthetics rapidly increase dendritic spine density in the rat medial prefrontal cortex during synaptogenesis. Anesthesiology 2010; 112: 546–556.
    • (2010) Anesthesiology , vol.112 , pp. 546-556
    • Briner, A.1    De Roo, M.2    Dayer, A.3
  • 46
    • 78049352411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lower isoflurane concentration affects spatial learning and neurodegeneration in adult mice compared with higher concentrations
    • Valentim AM, Di Giminiani P, Ribeiro PO et al. Lower isoflurane concentration affects spatial learning and neurodegeneration in adult mice compared with higher concentrations. Anesthesiology 2010; 113: 1099–1108.
    • (2010) Anesthesiology , vol.113 , pp. 1099-1108
    • Valentim, A.M.1    Di Giminiani, P.2    Ribeiro, P.O.3
  • 47
    • 70449521370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurodegeneration in newborn rats following propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia
    • Bercker S, Bert B, Bittigau P et al. Neurodegeneration in newborn rats following propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia. Neurotox Res 2009; 16: 140–147.
    • (2009) Neurotox Res , vol.16 , pp. 140-147
    • Bercker, S.1    Bert, B.2    Bittigau, P.3
  • 48
    • 70349305307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prolonged exposure to ketamine increases neurodegeneration in the developing monkey brain
    • Zou X, Patterson TA, Divine RL et al. Prolonged exposure to ketamine increases neurodegeneration in the developing monkey brain. Int J Dev Neurosci 2009; 27: 727–731.
    • (2009) Int J Dev Neurosci , vol.27 , pp. 727-731
    • Zou, X.1    Patterson, T.A.2    Divine, R.L.3
  • 49
    • 47149094688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential of xenon to induce or to protect against neuroapoptosis in the developing mouse brain
    • Cattano D, Williamson P, Fukui K et al. Potential of xenon to induce or to protect against neuroapoptosis in the developing mouse brain. Can J Anaesth 2008; 55: 429–436.
    • (2008) Can J Anaesth , vol.55 , pp. 429-436
    • Cattano, D.1    Williamson, P.2    Fukui, K.3
  • 50
    • 44649160642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subanesthetic doses of propofol induce neuroapoptosis in the infant mouse brain
    • Cattano D, Young C, Straiko MM et al. Subanesthetic doses of propofol induce neuroapoptosis in the infant mouse brain. Anesth Analg 2008; 106: 1712–1714.
    • (2008) Anesth Analg , vol.106 , pp. 1712-1714
    • Cattano, D.1    Young, C.2    Straiko, M.M.3
  • 51
    • 84925350411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term effects of single or multiple neonatal sevoflurane exposures on rat hippocampal ultrastructure
    • Amrock LG, Starner ML, Murphy KL et al. Long-term effects of single or multiple neonatal sevoflurane exposures on rat hippocampal ultrastructure. Anesthesiology 2015; 122: 87–95.
    • (2015) Anesthesiology , vol.122 , pp. 87-95
    • Amrock, L.G.1    Starner, M.L.2    Murphy, K.L.3
  • 52
    • 78650516486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional and temporal profiles of calpain and caspase-3 activities in postnatal rat brain following repeated propofol administration
    • Milanovic D, Popic J, Pesic V et al. Regional and temporal profiles of calpain and caspase-3 activities in postnatal rat brain following repeated propofol administration. Dev Neurosci 2010; 32: 288–301.
    • (2010) Dev Neurosci , vol.32 , pp. 288-301
    • Milanovic, D.1    Popic, J.2    Pesic, V.3
  • 53
    • 30644479851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single-dose ketamine administration induces apoptosis in neonatal mouse brain
    • Rudin M, Ben-Abraham R, Gazit V et al. Single-dose ketamine administration induces apoptosis in neonatal mouse brain. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2005; 16: 231–243.
    • (2005) J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol , vol.16 , pp. 231-243
    • Rudin, M.1    Ben-Abraham, R.2    Gazit, V.3
  • 54
    • 5744220644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental neurotoxicity of ketamine: morphometric confirmation, exposure parameters, and multiple fluorescent labeling of apoptotic neurons
    • Scallet AC, Schmued LC, Slikker W Jr et al. Developmental neurotoxicity of ketamine: morphometric confirmation, exposure parameters, and multiple fluorescent labeling of apoptotic neurons. Toxicol Sci 2004; 81: 364–370.
    • (2004) Toxicol Sci , vol.81 , pp. 364-370
    • Scallet, A.C.1    Schmued, L.C.2    Slikker, W.3
  • 55
    • 84866937861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine potentiates hippocampal neurodegeneration and persistent learning and memory impairment through the PKCγ-ERK signaling pathway in the developing brain
    • Huang L, Liu Y, Jin W et al. Ketamine potentiates hippocampal neurodegeneration and persistent learning and memory impairment through the PKCγ-ERK signaling pathway in the developing brain. Brain Res 2012; 1476: 164–171.
    • (2012) Brain Res , vol.1476 , pp. 164-171
    • Huang, L.1    Liu, Y.2    Jin, W.3
  • 56
    • 61349185860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential neurotoxicity of ketamine in the developing rat brain
    • Zou X, Patterson TA, Sadovova N et al. Potential neurotoxicity of ketamine in the developing rat brain. Toxicol Sci 2009; 108: 149–158.
    • (2009) Toxicol Sci , vol.108 , pp. 149-158
    • Zou, X.1    Patterson, T.A.2    Sadovova, N.3
  • 57
    • 77951685246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine activates cell cycle signaling and apoptosis in the neonatal rat brain
    • Soriano SG, Liu Q, Li J et al. Ketamine activates cell cycle signaling and apoptosis in the neonatal rat brain. Anesthesiology 2010; 112: 1155–1163.
    • (2010) Anesthesiology , vol.112 , pp. 1155-1163
    • Soriano, S.G.1    Liu, Q.2    Li, J.3
  • 58
    • 84883501538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term effects of neonatal single or multiple isoflurane exposures on spatial memory in rats
    • Murphy KL, Baxter MG. Long-term effects of neonatal single or multiple isoflurane exposures on spatial memory in rats. Front Neurol 2013; 4: 87.
    • (2013) Front Neurol , vol.4 , pp. 87
    • Murphy, K.L.1    Baxter, M.G.2
  • 59
    • 84905837100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propofol anesthesia induces proapoptotic tumor necrosis factor-α and pro-nerve growth factor signaling and prosurvival Akt and XIAP expression in neonatal rat brain
    • Milanović D, Pešić V, Popić J et al. Propofol anesthesia induces proapoptotic tumor necrosis factor-α and pro-nerve growth factor signaling and prosurvival Akt and XIAP expression in neonatal rat brain. J Neurosci Res 2014; 92: 1362–1373.
    • (2014) J Neurosci Res , vol.92 , pp. 1362-1373
    • Milanović, D.1    Pešić, V.2    Popić, J.3
  • 60
    • 34548201806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neonatal exposure to a combination of N-methyl-D-aspartate and gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor anesthetic agents potentiates apoptotic neurodegeneration and persistent behavioral deficits
    • Fredriksson A, Pontén E, Gordh T et al. Neonatal exposure to a combination of N-methyl-D-aspartate and gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor anesthetic agents potentiates apoptotic neurodegeneration and persistent behavioral deficits. Anesthesiology 2007; 107: 427–436.
    • (2007) Anesthesiology , vol.107 , pp. 427-436
    • Fredriksson, A.1    Pontén, E.2    Gordh, T.3
  • 61
    • 84904750530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of combining anesthetics in neonates on long-term cognitive function
    • Lee BH, Hazarika OD, Quitoriano GR et al. Effect of combining anesthetics in neonates on long-term cognitive function. Int J Dev Neurosci 2014; 37: 87–93.
    • (2014) Int J Dev Neurosci , vol.37 , pp. 87-93
    • Lee, B.H.1    Hazarika, O.D.2    Quitoriano, G.R.3
  • 62
    • 84896942646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological disturbance may contribute to neurodegeneration induced by isoflurane or sevoflurane in 14 day old rats
    • Wu B, Yu Z, You S et al. Physiological disturbance may contribute to neurodegeneration induced by isoflurane or sevoflurane in 14 day old rats. PLoS ONE 2014; 9: e84622.
    • (2014) PLoS ONE , vol.9
    • Wu, B.1    Yu, Z.2    You, S.3
  • 63
    • 84898795722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isoflurane exposure in newborn rats induces long-term cognitive dysfunction in males but not females
    • Lee BH, Chan JT, Kraeva E et al. Isoflurane exposure in newborn rats induces long-term cognitive dysfunction in males but not females. Neuropharmacology 2014; 83: 9–17.
    • (2014) Neuropharmacology , vol.83 , pp. 9-17
    • Lee, B.H.1    Chan, J.T.2    Kraeva, E.3
  • 64
    • 84855811125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nociceptive stimuli enhance anesthetic-induced neuroapoptosis in the rat developing brain
    • Shu Y, Zhou Z, Wan Y et al. Nociceptive stimuli enhance anesthetic-induced neuroapoptosis in the rat developing brain. Neurobiol Dis 2012; 45: 743–750.
    • (2012) Neurobiol Dis , vol.45 , pp. 743-750
    • Shu, Y.1    Zhou, Z.2    Wan, Y.3
  • 65
    • 84862755784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noxious stimulation attenuates ketamine-induced neuroapoptosis in the developing rat brain
    • Liu JR, Liu Q, Li J et al. Noxious stimulation attenuates ketamine-induced neuroapoptosis in the developing rat brain. Anesthesiology 2012; 117: 64–71.
    • (2012) Anesthesiology , vol.117 , pp. 64-71
    • Liu, J.R.1    Liu, Q.2    Li, J.3
  • 66
    • 0032947526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blockade of NMDA receptors and apoptotic neurodegeneration in the developing brain
    • Ikonomidou C, Bosch F, Miksa M et al. Blockade of NMDA receptors and apoptotic neurodegeneration in the developing brain. Science 1999; 283: 70–74.
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 70-74
    • Ikonomidou, C.1    Bosch, F.2    Miksa, M.3
  • 67
    • 84868206378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General anesthesia: a gateway to modulate synapse formation and neural plasticity?
    • Vutskits L. General anesthesia: a gateway to modulate synapse formation and neural plasticity? Anesth Analg 2012; 115: 1174–1182.
    • (2012) Anesth Analg , vol.115 , pp. 1174-1182
    • Vutskits, L.1
  • 68
    • 84878578636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isoflurane and sevoflurane increase interleukin-6 levels through the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway in neuroglioma cells
    • Zhang L, Zhang J, Yang L et al. Isoflurane and sevoflurane increase interleukin-6 levels through the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway in neuroglioma cells. Br J Anaesth 2013; 110(Suppl 1): i82–i91.
    • (2013) Br J Anaesth , vol.110 , pp. i82-i91
    • Zhang, L.1    Zhang, J.2    Yang, L.3
  • 69
    • 84255194757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resolving postoperative neuroinflammation and cognitive decline
    • Terrando N, Eriksson LI, Ryu JK et al. Resolving postoperative neuroinflammation and cognitive decline. Ann Neurol 2011; 70: 986–995.
    • (2011) Ann Neurol , vol.70 , pp. 986-995
    • Terrando, N.1    Eriksson, L.I.2    Ryu, J.K.3
  • 70
    • 78650580820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha triggers a cytokine cascade yielding postoperative cognitive decline
    • Terrando N, Monaco C, Ma D et al. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha triggers a cytokine cascade yielding postoperative cognitive decline. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107: 20518–20522.
    • (2010) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.107 , pp. 20518-20522
    • Terrando, N.1    Monaco, C.2    Ma, D.3
  • 71
    • 84883366706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspirin-triggered resolving D1 prevents surgery-induced cognitive decline
    • Terrando N, Gómez-Galán M, Yang T et al. Aspirin-triggered resolving D1 prevents surgery-induced cognitive decline. FASEB J 2013; 27: 3564–3571.
    • (2013) FASEB J , vol.27 , pp. 3564-3571
    • Terrando, N.1    Gómez-Galán, M.2    Yang, T.3
  • 72
    • 33744817928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of ketamine on dendritic arbor development and survival of immature GABAergic neurons in vitro
    • Vutskits L, Gascon E, Tassonyi E et al. Effect of ketamine on dendritic arbor development and survival of immature GABAergic neurons in vitro. Toxicol Sci 2006; 91: 540–549.
    • (2006) Toxicol Sci , vol.91 , pp. 540-549
    • Vutskits, L.1    Gascon, E.2    Tassonyi, E.3
  • 73
    • 84883692006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early life exposure to sevoflurane impairs adulthood spatial memory in the rat
    • Shen X, Liu Y, Xu S et al. Early life exposure to sevoflurane impairs adulthood spatial memory in the rat. Neurotoxicology 2013; 39: 45–56.
    • (2013) Neurotoxicology , vol.39 , pp. 45-56
    • Shen, X.1    Liu, Y.2    Xu, S.3
  • 74
    • 77953163439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dexmedetomidine provides cortical neuroprotection: impact on anaesthetic-induced neuroapoptosis in the rat developing brain
    • Sanders RD, Sun P, Patel S et al. Dexmedetomidine provides cortical neuroprotection: impact on anaesthetic-induced neuroapoptosis in the rat developing brain. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2010; 54: 710–716.
    • (2010) Acta Anaesthesiol Scand , vol.54 , pp. 710-716
    • Sanders, R.D.1    Sun, P.2    Patel, S.3
  • 75
  • 76
    • 84900560850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of anesthesia with isoflurane, ketamine, or propofol on physiologic parameters in neonatal rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
    • Martin LD, Dissen GA, McPike MJ et al. Effects of anesthesia with isoflurane, ketamine, or propofol on physiologic parameters in neonatal rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci 2014; 53: 290–300.
    • (2014) J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci , vol.53 , pp. 290-300
    • Martin, L.D.1    Dissen, G.A.2    McPike, M.J.3
  • 77
    • 84914704146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A combination of mild hypothermia and sevoflurane affords long-term protection in a modified neonatal mouse model of cerebral hypoxia-ischemia
    • Lin EP, Miles L, Hughes EA et al. A combination of mild hypothermia and sevoflurane affords long-term protection in a modified neonatal mouse model of cerebral hypoxia-ischemia. Anesth Analg 2014; 119: 1158–1173.
    • (2014) Anesth Analg , vol.119 , pp. 1158-1173
    • Lin, E.P.1    Miles, L.2    Hughes, E.A.3
  • 78
    • 84856506100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine-induced neuroapoptosis in the fetal and neonatal rhesus macaque brain
    • Brambrink AM, Evers AS, Avidan MS et al. Ketamine-induced neuroapoptosis in the fetal and neonatal rhesus macaque brain. Anesthesiology 2012; 116: 372–384.
    • (2012) Anesthesiology , vol.116 , pp. 372-384
    • Brambrink, A.M.1    Evers, A.S.2    Avidan, M.S.3
  • 79
    • 79953311290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine anesthesia during the first week of life can cause long-lasting cognitive deficits in rhesus monkeys
    • Paule MG, Li M, Allen RR et al. Ketamine anesthesia during the first week of life can cause long-lasting cognitive deficits in rhesus monkeys. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2011; 33: 220–230.
    • (2011) Neurotoxicol Teratol , vol.33 , pp. 220-230
    • Paule, M.G.1    Li, M.2    Allen, R.R.3
  • 80
    • 84856853124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavioral toxicology of cognition: extrapolation from experimental animal models to humans: behavioral toxicology symposium overview
    • Paule MG, Green L, Myerson J et al. Behavioral toxicology of cognition: extrapolation from experimental animal models to humans: behavioral toxicology symposium overview. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2012; 34: 263–273.
    • (2012) Neurotoxicol Teratol , vol.34 , pp. 263-273
    • Paule, M.G.1    Green, L.2    Myerson, J.3
  • 81
    • 34250628428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reliability of S100B in predicting severity of central nervous system injury
    • Bloomfield SM, McKinney J, Smith L et al. Reliability of S100B in predicting severity of central nervous system injury. Neurocrit Care 2007; 6: 121–138.
    • (2007) Neurocrit Care , vol.6 , pp. 121-138
    • Bloomfield, S.M.1    McKinney, J.2    Smith, L.3
  • 82
    • 84876665206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Power failure: why small sample size undermines the reliability of neuroscience
    • Button KS, Ioannidis JP, Mokrysz C et al. Power failure: why small sample size undermines the reliability of neuroscience. Nat Rev Neurosci 2013; 14: 365–376.
    • (2013) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 365-376
    • Button, K.S.1    Ioannidis, J.P.2    Mokrysz, C.3
  • 83
    • 84901706695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is animal research sufficiently evidence based to be a cornerstone of biomedical research?
    • Pound P, Bracken MB. Is animal research sufficiently evidence based to be a cornerstone of biomedical research? BMJ 2014; 348: g3387.
    • (2014) BMJ , vol.348 , pp. g3387
    • Pound, P.1    Bracken, M.B.2
  • 84
    • 84923813545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anesthetic neurotoxicity—clinical implications of animal models
    • Rappaport BA, Suresh S, Hertz S et al. Anesthetic neurotoxicity—clinical implications of animal models. N Engl J Med 2015; 372: 796–797.
    • (2015) N Engl J Med , vol.372 , pp. 796-797
    • Rappaport, B.A.1    Suresh, S.2    Hertz, S.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.