메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 124, Issue 10, 2014, Pages 4204-4211

The contributory role of gut microbiota in cardiovascular disease

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARNITINE; CHOLINE; MICROBIAL ENZYME; PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE; QUERCETIN; TRIMETHYLAMINE OXIDE; UNSPECIFIC MONOOXYGENASE; DIMETHYLANILINE MONOOXYGENASE (N-OXIDE FORMING); METHYLAMINE; OXYGENASE; TRIMETHYLAMINE; TRIMETHYLOXAMINE;

EID: 84907486084     PISSN: 00219738     EISSN: 15588238     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1172/JCI72331     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (504)

References (84)
  • 1
    • 84893651437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart disease and stroke statistics - 2014 update: A report from the American Heart Association
    • Go AS, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics - 2014 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2014;129(3):e28-e292.
    • (2014) Circulation. , vol.129 , Issue.3 , pp. e28-e292
    • Go, A.S.1
  • 2
    • 0037785185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular disease
    • Nabel EG. Cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med. 2003;349(1):60-72.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med. , vol.349 , Issue.1 , pp. 60-72
    • Nabel, E.G.1
  • 3
    • 80053316001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of 9p21.3 genetic variants on clinical and angiographic outcomes in early-onset myocardial infarction
    • Ardissino D, et al. Influence of 9p21.3 genetic variants on clinical and angiographic outcomes in early-onset myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011;58(4):426-434.
    • (2011) J Am Coll Cardiol. , vol.58 , Issue.4 , pp. 426-434
    • Ardissino, D.1
  • 4
    • 78049314943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multilocus genetic risk score for coronary heart disease: Case-control and prospective cohort analyses
    • Ripatti S, et al. A multilocus genetic risk score for coronary heart disease: case-control and prospective cohort analyses. Lancet. 2010;376(9750):1393-1400.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.376 , Issue.9750 , pp. 1393-1400
    • Ripatti, S.1
  • 5
    • 79956319051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progress and challenges in translating the biology of atherosclerosis
    • Libby P, Ridker PM, Hansson GK. Progress and challenges in translating the biology of atherosclerosis. Nature. 2011;473(7347):317-325.
    • (2011) Nature , vol.473 , Issue.7347 , pp. 317-325
    • Libby, P.1    Ridker, P.M.2    Hansson, G.K.3
  • 6
    • 56749106312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein
    • Ridker PM, et al. Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(21):2195-2207.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med. , vol.359 , Issue.21 , pp. 2195-2207
    • Ridker, P.M.1
  • 7
    • 79960722289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dealing with dietary measurement error in nutritional cohort studies
    • Freedman LS, Schatzkin A, Midthune D, Kipnis V. Dealing with dietary measurement error in nutritional cohort studies. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2011;103(14):1086-1092.
    • (2011) J Natl Cancer Inst. , vol.103 , Issue.14 , pp. 1086-1092
    • Freedman, L.S.1    Schatzkin, A.2    Midthune, D.3    Kipnis, V.4
  • 8
    • 84866146940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity, stability and resilience of the human gut microbiota
    • Lozupone CA, Stombaugh JI, Gordon JI, Jansson JK, Knight R. Diversity, stability and resilience of the human gut microbiota. Nature. 2012;489(7415):220-230.
    • (2012) Nature , vol.489 , Issue.7415 , pp. 220-230
    • Lozupone, C.A.1    Stombaugh, J.I.2    Gordon, J.I.3    Jansson, J.K.4    Knight, R.5
  • 9
    • 84862276328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure, function diversity of the healthy human microbiome
    • Human Microbiome Project Consortium. Structure, function diversity of the healthy human microbiome. Nature. 2012;486(7402):207-214.
    • (2012) Nature , vol.486 , Issue.7402 , pp. 207-214
    • Human Microbiome Project Consortium1
  • 10
    • 84879744885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The long-term stability of the human gut microbiota
    • Faith JJ, et al. The long-term stability of the human gut microbiota. Science. 2013;341(6141):1237439.
    • (2013) Science , vol.341 , Issue.6141 , pp. 1237439
    • Faith, J.J.1
  • 11
    • 84900535804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics and associations of microbial community types across the human body
    • Ding T, Schloss PD. Dynamics and associations of microbial community types across the human body. Nature. 2014;509(7500):357-360.
    • (2014) Nature , vol.509 , Issue.7500 , pp. 357-360
    • Ding, T.1    Schloss, P.D.2
  • 12
    • 84866168894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional interactions between the gut microbiota and host metabolism
    • Tremaroli V, Backhed F. Functional interactions between the gut microbiota and host metabolism. Nature. 2012;489(7415):242-249.
    • (2012) Nature , vol.489 , Issue.7415 , pp. 242-249
    • Tremaroli, V.1    Backhed, F.2
  • 13
    • 34347399563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance
    • Cani PD, et al. Metabolic endotoxemia initiates obesity and insulin resistance. Diabetes. 2007;56(7):1761-1772.
    • (2007) Diabetes. , vol.56 , Issue.7 , pp. 1761-1772
    • Cani, P.D.1
  • 14
    • 33847668826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indoxyl sulfate and atherosclerotic risk factors in hemodialysis patients
    • Taki K, Tsuruta Y, Niwa T. Indoxyl sulfate and atherosclerotic risk factors in hemodialysis patients. Am J Nephrol. 2007;27(1):30-35.
    • (2007) Am J Nephrol. , vol.27 , Issue.1 , pp. 30-35
    • Taki, K.1    Tsuruta, Y.2    Niwa, T.3
  • 15
    • 70350031206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The uremic retention solute p-cresyl sulfate and markers of endothelial damage
    • Meijers BK, et al. The uremic retention solute p-cresyl sulfate and markers of endothelial damage. Am J Kidney Dis. 2009;54(5):891-901.
    • (2009) Am J Kidney Dis. , vol.54 , Issue.5 , pp. 891-901
    • Meijers, B.K.1
  • 16
    • 84886795788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbiota-mediated colonization resistance against intestinal pathogens
    • Buffie CG, Pamer EG. Microbiota-mediated colonization resistance against intestinal pathogens. Nat Rev Immunol. 2013;13(11):790-801.
    • (2013) Nat Rev Immunol. , vol.13 , Issue.11 , pp. 790-801
    • Buffie, C.G.1    Pamer, E.G.2
  • 17
    • 84876913132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the gut microbiota in immunity and inflammatory disease
    • Kamada N, Seo SU, Chen GY, Nunez G. Role of the gut microbiota in immunity and inflammatory disease. Nat Rev Immunol. 2013;13(5):321-335.
    • (2013) Nat Rev Immunol. , vol.13 , Issue.5 , pp. 321-335
    • Kamada, N.1    Seo, S.U.2    Chen, G.Y.3    Nunez, G.4
  • 18
    • 84905716488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for the gut microbiota in IBS
    • Collins SM. A role for the gut microbiota in IBS. Na t Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014;11(8):497-505.
    • (2014) Na T Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. , vol.11 , Issue.8 , pp. 497-505
    • Collins, S.M.1
  • 19
    • 33747618036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic profiling reveals a contribution of gut microbiota to fatty liver phenotype in insulin-resistant mice
    • Dumas ME, et al. Metabolic profiling reveals a contribution of gut microbiota to fatty liver phenotype in insulin-resistant mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006;103(33):12511-12516.
    • (2006) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.103 , Issue.33 , pp. 12511-12516
    • Dumas, M.E.1
  • 20
    • 84890597306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic phenotyping and systems biology approaches to understanding metabolic syndrome and fatty liver disease
    • Dumas ME, Kinross J, Nicholson JK. Metabolic phenotyping and systems biology approaches to understanding metabolic syndrome and fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology. 2014;146(1):46-62.
    • (2014) Gastroenterology , vol.146 , Issue.1 , pp. 46-62
    • Dumas, M.E.1    Kinross, J.2    Nicholson, J.K.3
  • 21
    • 84883478660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gut microbiota from twins discordant for obesity modulate metabolism in mice
    • Ridaura VK, et al. Gut microbiota from twins discordant for obesity modulate metabolism in mice. Science. 2013;341(6150):1241214.
    • (2013) Science , vol.341 , Issue.6150 , pp. 1241214
    • Ridaura, V.K.1
  • 22
    • 69949111703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The core gut microbiome, energy balance and obesity
    • Turnbaugh PJ, Gordon JI. The core gut microbiome, energy balance and obesity. J Physiol. 2009;587(pt 17):4153-4158.
    • (2009) J Physiol. , vol.587 , pp. 4153-4158
    • Turnbaugh, P.J.1    Gordon, J.I.2
  • 23
    • 58749112734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins
    • Turnbaugh PJ, et al. A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins. Nature. 2009;457(7228):480-484.
    • (2009) Nature , vol.457 , Issue.7228 , pp. 480-484
    • Turnbaugh, P.J.1
  • 24
    • 33845874101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest
    • Turnbaugh PJ, Ley RE, Mahowald MA, Magrini V, Mardis ER, Gordon JI. An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest. Nature. 2006;444(7122):1027-1031.
    • (2006) Nature , vol.444 , Issue.7122 , pp. 1027-1031
    • Turnbaugh, P.J.1    Ley, R.E.2    Mahowald, M.A.3    Magrini, V.4    Mardis, E.R.5    Gordon, J.I.6
  • 25
    • 79953733693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gut flora metabolism of phosphatidylcholine promotes cardiovascular disease
    • Wang Z, et al. Gut flora metabolism of phosphatidylcholine promotes cardiovascular disease. Nature. 2011;472(7341):57-63.
    • (2011) Nature , vol.472 , Issue.7341 , pp. 57-63
    • Wang, Z.1
  • 26
    • 27744534729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Betaine: A key modulator of one-carbon metabolism and homocysteine status
    • Ueland PM, Holm PI, Hustad S. Betaine: a key modulator of one-carbon metabolism and homocysteine status. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2005;43(10):1069-1075.
    • (2005) Clin Chem Lab Med. , vol.43 , Issue.10 , pp. 1069-1075
    • Ueland, P.M.1    Holm, P.I.2    Hustad, S.3
  • 27
    • 77952951396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinical significance of betaine, an osmolyte with a key role in methyl group metabolism
    • Lever M, Slow S. The clinical significance of betaine, an osmolyte with a key role in methyl group metabolism. Clin Biochem. 2010;43(9):732-744.
    • (2010) Clin Biochem. , vol.43 , Issue.9 , pp. 732-744
    • Lever, M.1    Slow, S.2
  • 28
    • 0021778428 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial reduction of trimethylamine oxide
    • Barrett EL, Kwan HS. Bacterial reduction of trimethylamine oxide. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1985;39:131-149.
    • (1985) Annu Rev Microbiol. , vol.39 , pp. 131-149
    • Barrett, E.L.1    Kwan, H.S.2
  • 29
  • 30
    • 0033029263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary precursors of trimethylamine in man: A pilot study
    • Zhang AQ, Mitchell SC, Smith RL. Dietary precursors of trimethylamine in man: a pilot study. Food Chem Toxicol. 1999;37(5):515-520.
    • (1999) Food Chem Toxicol. , vol.37 , Issue.5 , pp. 515-520
    • Zhang, A.Q.1    Mitchell, S.C.2    Smith, R.L.3
  • 31
    • 19944387962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trimethylamine: Metabolic, pharmacokinetic and safety aspects
    • Bain MA, Fornasini G, Evans AM. Trimethylamine: metabolic, pharmacokinetic and safety aspects. Curr Drug Metab. 2005;6(3):227-240.
    • (2005) Curr Drug Metab. , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 227-240
    • Bain, M.A.1    Fornasini, G.2    Evans, A.M.3
  • 32
    • 43249110882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphatidylcholine and choline homeostasis
    • Li Z, Vance DE. Phosphatidylcholine and choline homeostasis. J Lipid Res. 2008;49(6):1187-1194.
    • (2008) J Lipid Res. , vol.49 , Issue.6 , pp. 1187-1194
    • Li, Z.1    Vance, D.E.2
  • 33
    • 84873160884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis and function in bacteria
    • Geiger O, Lopez-Lara IM, Sohlenkamp C. Phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis and function in bacteria. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013;1831(3):503-513.
    • (2013) Biochim Biophys Acta. , vol.1831 , Issue.3 , pp. 503-513
    • Geiger, O.1    Lopez-Lara, I.M.2    Sohlenkamp, C.3
  • 34
  • 35
    • 79955864329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Choline and betaine in health and disease
    • Ueland PM. Choline and betaine in health and disease. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2011;34(1):3-15.
    • (2011) J Inherit Metab Dis. , vol.34 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-15
    • Ueland, P.M.1
  • 36
    • 11844300761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional importance of choline for brain development
    • Zeisel SH. Nutritional importance of choline for brain development. J Am Coll Nutr. 2004;23(6):621S-626S.
    • (2004) J Am Coll Nutr. , vol.23 , Issue.6 , pp. 621S-626S
    • Zeisel, S.H.1
  • 37
    • 84876563088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intestinal microbial metabolism of phosphatidylcholine and cardiovascular risk
    • Tang WH, et al. Intestinal microbial metabolism of phosphatidylcholine and cardiovascular risk. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(17):1575-1584.
    • (2013) N Engl J Med. , vol.368 , Issue.17 , pp. 1575-1584
    • Tang, W.H.1
  • 38
    • 84907313170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of egg ingestion on trimethylamine-N-oxide production in humans: A randomized, controlled, dose-response study [published online ahead of print June 18, 2014]
    • doi:ajcn.087692
    • Miller CA, et al. Effect of egg ingestion on trimethylamine-N-oxide production in humans: a randomized, controlled, dose-response study [published online ahead of print June 18, 2014]. Am J Clin Nutr. doi:ajcn.087692.
    • Am J Clin Nutr.
    • Miller, C.A.1
  • 39
    • 84877331372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intestinal microbiota metabolism of L-carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis
    • Koeth RA, et al. Intestinal microbiota metabolism of L-carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis. Nat Med. 2013;19(5):576-585.
    • (2013) Nat Med. , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 576-585
    • Koeth, R.A.1
  • 40
    • 84859717284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Red meat consumption and mortality: Results from 2 prospective cohort studies
    • Pan A, et al. Red meat consumption and mortality: results from 2 prospective cohort studies. Arch Intern Med. 2012;172(7):555-563.
    • (2012) Arch Intern Med. , vol.172 , Issue.7 , pp. 555-563
    • Pan, A.1
  • 42
    • 84906839738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Processed and unprocessed red meat consumption and risk of heart failure: Prospective study of men
    • Kaluza J, Akesson A, Wolk A. Processed and unprocessed red meat consumption and risk of heart failure: prospective study of men. Circ Heart Fail. 2014;7(4):552-557.
    • (2014) Circ Heart Fail. , vol.7 , Issue.4 , pp. 552-557
    • Kaluza, J.1    Akesson, A.2    Wolk, A.3
  • 43
    • 84866636113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Red meat consumption and risk of stroke: A meta-analysis of prospective studies
    • Kaluza J, Wolk A, Larsson SC. Red meat consumption and risk of stroke: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Stroke. 2012;43(10):2556-2560.
    • (2012) Stroke. , vol.43 , Issue.10 , pp. 2556-2560
    • Kaluza, J.1    Wolk, A.2    Larsson, S.C.3
  • 44
    • 84892686995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Red meat and processed meat consumption and all-cause mortality: A metaanalysis
    • Larsson SC, Orsini N. Red meat and processed meat consumption and all-cause mortality: a metaanalysis. Am J Epidemiol. 2014;179(3):282-289.
    • (2014) Am J Epidemiol. , vol.179 , Issue.3 , pp. 282-289
    • Larsson, S.C.1    Orsini, N.2
  • 45
    • 42249104007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Egg consumption in relation to cardiovascular disease and mortality: The Physicians' Health Study
    • Djousse L, Gaziano JM. Egg consumption in relation to cardiovascular disease and mortality: the Physicians' Health Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87(4):964-969.
    • (2008) Am J Clin Nutr. , vol.87 , Issue.4 , pp. 964-969
    • Djousse, L.1    Gaziano, J.M.2
  • 46
    • 41049105481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Egg consumption and risk of heart failure in the Physicians' Health Study
    • Djousse L, Gaziano JM. Egg consumption and risk of heart failure in the Physicians' Health Study. Circulation. 2008;117(4):512-516.
    • (2008) Circulation. , vol.117 , Issue.4 , pp. 512-516
    • Djousse, L.1    Gaziano, J.M.2
  • 47
    • 33845974936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regular egg consumption does not increase the risk of stroke and cardiovascular diseases
    • Qureshi AI, Suri FK, Ahmed S, Nasar A, Divani AA, Kirmani JF. Regular egg consumption does not increase the risk of stroke and cardiovascular diseases. Med Sci Monit. 2007;13(1): CR1-CR8.
    • (2007) Med Sci Monit. , vol.13 , Issue.1 , pp. CR1-CR8
    • Qureshi, A.I.1    Suri, F.K.2    Ahmed, S.3    Nasar, A.4    Divani, A.A.5    Kirmani, J.F.6
  • 48
    • 79952508817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Egg consumption and CHD and stroke mortality: A prospective study of US adults
    • Scrafford CG, Tran NL, Barraj LM, Mink PJ. Egg consumption and CHD and stroke mortality: a prospective study of US adults. Public Health Nutr. 2011;14(2):261-270.
    • (2011) Public Health Nutr. , vol.14 , Issue.2 , pp. 261-270
    • Scrafford, C.G.1    Tran, N.L.2    Barraj, L.M.3    Mink, P.J.4
  • 49
    • 84897089631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Egg consumption and cardiovascular disease among diabetic individuals: A systematic review of the literature
    • Tran NL, Barraj LM, Heilman JM, Scrafford CG. Egg consumption and cardiovascular disease among diabetic individuals: a systematic review of the literature. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2014;7:121-137.
    • (2014) Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. , vol.7 , pp. 121-137
    • Tran, N.L.1    Barraj, L.M.2    Heilman, J.M.3    Scrafford, C.G.4
  • 50
    • 84894367965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trimethylamine N-oxide metabolism by abundant marine heterotrophic bacteria
    • Lidbury I, Murrell JC, Chen Y. Trimethylamine N-oxide metabolism by abundant marine heterotrophic bacteria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014;111(7):2710-2715.
    • (2014) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.111 , Issue.7 , pp. 2710-2715
    • Lidbury, I.1    Murrell, J.C.2    Chen, Y.3
  • 51
    • 0028041630 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variations of trimethylamine oxide and urea in the blood of a coldadapted marine teleost, the rainbow smelt
    • Raymond JA. Seasonal variations of trimethylamine oxide and urea in the blood of a coldadapted marine teleost, the rainbow smelt. Fish Physiol Biochem. 1994;13(1):13-22.
    • (1994) Fish Physiol Biochem. , vol.13 , Issue.1 , pp. 13-22
    • Raymond, J.A.1
  • 52
    • 2342614722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Counteraction of urea-induced protein denaturation by trimethylamine N-oxide: A chemical chaperone at atomic resolution
    • Bennion BJ, Daggett V. Counteraction of urea-induced protein denaturation by trimethylamine N-oxide: a chemical chaperone at atomic resolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004;101(17):6433-6438.
    • (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.101 , Issue.17 , pp. 6433-6438
    • Bennion, B.J.1    Daggett, V.2
  • 53
    • 0028333824 scopus 로고
    • Urinary excretion of methylamines in men with varying intake of fish from the Baltic Sea
    • Svensson BG, Akesson B, Nilsson A, Paulsson K. Urinary excretion of methylamines in men with varying intake of fish from the Baltic Sea. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1994;41(4):411-420.
    • (1994) J Toxicol Environ Health. , vol.41 , Issue.4 , pp. 411-420
    • Svensson, B.G.1    Akesson, B.2    Nilsson, A.3    Paulsson, K.4
  • 54
    • 84872139636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trimethylamine-N-oxide, a metabolite associated with atherosclerosis, exhibits complex genetic and dietary regulation
    • Bennett BJ, et al. Trimethylamine-N-oxide, a metabolite associated with atherosclerosis, exhibits complex genetic and dietary regulation. Cell Metab. 2013;17(1):49-60.
    • (2013) Cell Metab. , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 49-60
    • Bennett, B.J.1
  • 55
    • 84898859680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic value of choline and betaine depends on intestinal microbiota-generated metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide
    • Wang Z, et al. Prognostic value of choline and betaine depends on intestinal microbiota-generated metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide. Eur Heart J. 2014;35(14):904-910.
    • (2014) Eur Heart J. , vol.35 , Issue.14 , pp. 904-910
    • Wang, Z.1
  • 56
    • 84907493550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic value of elevated levels of intestinal microbe-generated metabolite, trimethylamine-N-oxide, in patients with heart failure: Refining the gut hypothesis
    • Tang WH, et al. Prognostic value of elevated levels of intestinal microbe-generated metabolite, trimethylamine-N-oxide, in patients with heart failure: refining the gut hypothesis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61 (10-S). doi:10.1016/S0735-1097(13)60750-0.
    • (2013) J Am Coll Cardiol. , vol.61 , Issue.10 S
    • Tang, W.H.1
  • 57
    • 0026022864 scopus 로고
    • Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of blood plasma and urine from subjects with chronic renal failure: Identification of trimethylamine-N-oxide
    • Bell JD, Lee JA, Lee HA, Sadler PJ, Wilkie DR, Woodham RH. Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of blood plasma and urine from subjects with chronic renal failure: identification of trimethylamine-N-oxide. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1991;1096(2):101-107.
    • (1991) Biochim Biophys Acta. , vol.1096 , Issue.2 , pp. 101-107
    • Bell, J.D.1    Lee, J.A.2    Lee, H.A.3    Sadler, P.J.4    Wilkie, D.R.5    Woodham, R.H.6
  • 58
    • 84879876976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A combined epidemiologic and metabolomic approach improves CKD prediction
    • Rhee EP, et al. A combined epidemiologic and metabolomic approach improves CKD prediction. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2013;24(8):1330-1338.
    • (2013) J Am Soc Nephrol. , vol.24 , Issue.8 , pp. 1330-1338
    • Rhee, E.P.1
  • 59
    • 84921636319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary trimethylamine N-oxide exacerbates impaired glucose tolerance in mice fed a high fat diet
    • Gao X, Liu X, Xu J, Xue C, Xue Y, Wang Y. Dietary trimethylamine N-oxide exacerbates impaired glucose tolerance in mice fed a high fat diet. J Biosci Bioeng. 2014:S1389-1723(14)00081-4.
    • (2014) J Biosci Bioeng. , vol.S1389-1723 , Issue.14 , pp. 00081-00084
    • Gao, X.1    Liu, X.2    Xu, J.3    Xue, C.4    Xue, Y.5    Wang, Y.6
  • 60
    • 84901335706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative genome-wide association studies in mice and humans for trimethylamine N-oxide, a proatherogenic metabolite of choline and L-carnitine
    • Hartiala J, et al. Comparative genome-wide association studies in mice and humans for trimethylamine N-oxide, a proatherogenic metabolite of choline and L-carnitine. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2014;34(6):1307-1313.
    • (2014) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. , vol.34 , Issue.6 , pp. 1307-1313
    • Hartiala, J.1
  • 61
    • 79951962109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional genomics: Defining the dietary requirement and effects of choline
    • Zeisel SH. Nutritional genomics: defining the dietary requirement and effects of choline. J Nutr. 2011;141(3):531-534.
    • (2011) J Nutr. , vol.141 , Issue.3 , pp. 531-534
    • Zeisel, S.H.1
  • 62
    • 84908502147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Egg n-3 fatty acid composition modulates biomarkers of choline metabolism in free-living lacto-ovo-vegetarian women of reproductive age
    • West AA, et al. Egg n-3 fatty acid composition modulates biomarkers of choline metabolism in free-living lacto-ovo-vegetarian women of reproductive age. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2014:S2212-2672(14)00190-7.
    • (2014) J Acad Nutr Diet. , vol.S2212-2672 , Issue.14 , pp. 00190-00197
    • West, A.A.1
  • 63
    • 0031816464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carnitine metabolism and its regulation in microorganisms and mammals
    • Rebouche CJ, Seim H. Carnitine metabolism and its regulation in microorganisms and mammals. Annu Rev Nutr. 1998;18:39-61.
    • (1998) Annu Rev Nutr. , vol.18 , pp. 39-61
    • Rebouche, C.J.1    Seim, H.2
  • 64
    • 33749434362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral L-carnitine: Metabolite formation and hemodialysis
    • Bain MA, Faull R, Milne RW, Evans AM. Oral L-carnitine: metabolite formation and hemodialysis. Curr Drug Metab. 2006;7(7):811-816.
    • (2006) Curr Drug Metab. , vol.7 , Issue.7 , pp. 811-816
    • Bain, M.A.1    Faull, R.2    Milne, R.W.3    Evans, A.M.4
  • 65
    • 84872387402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Translating the basic knowledge of mitochondrial functions to metabolic therapy: Role of L-carnitine
    • Marcovina SM, et al. Translating the basic knowledge of mitochondrial functions to metabolic therapy: role of L-carnitine. Transl Res. 2013;161(2):73-84.
    • (2013) Transl Res. , vol.161 , Issue.2 , pp. 73-84
    • Marcovina, S.M.1
  • 66
    • 38949156619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary choline and betaine intakes in relation to concentrations of inflammatory markers in healthy adults: The ATTICA study
    • Detopoulou P, Panagiotakos DB, Antonopoulou S, Pitsavos C, Stefanadis C. Dietary choline and betaine intakes in relation to concentrations of inflammatory markers in healthy adults: the ATTICA study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87(2):424-430.
    • (2008) Am J Clin Nutr. , vol.87 , Issue.2 , pp. 424-430
    • Detopoulou, P.1    Panagiotakos, D.B.2    Antonopoulou, S.3    Pitsavos, C.4    Stefanadis, C.5
  • 67
    • 84858118626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary choline and betaine intakes and risk of cardiovascular diseases: Review of epidemiological evidence
    • Rajaie S, Esmaillzadeh A. Dietary choline and betaine intakes and risk of cardiovascular diseases: review of epidemiological evidence. ARYA Atheroscler. 2011;7(2):78-86.
    • (2011) ARYA Atheroscler. , vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp. 78-86
    • Rajaie, S.1    Esmaillzadeh, A.2
  • 68
    • 34547750947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Usual choline betaine dietary intake incident coronary heart disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study
    • Bidulescu A, Chambless LE, Siega-Riz AM, Zeisel SH, Heiss G. Usual choline betaine dietary intake incident coronary heart disease: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2007;7:20.
    • (2007) BMC Cardiovasc Disord. , vol.7 , pp. 20
    • Bidulescu, A.1    Chambless, L.E.2    Siega-Riz, A.M.3    Zeisel, S.H.4    Heiss, G.5
  • 69
    • 40549104526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective study on dietary intakes of folate, betaine, and choline and cardiovascular disease risk in women
    • Dalmeijer GW, Olthof MR, Verhoef P, Bots ML, Van der Schouw YT. Prospective study on dietary intakes of folate, betaine, and choline and cardiovascular disease risk in women. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2008;62(3):386-394.
    • (2008) Eur J Clin Nutr. , vol.62 , Issue.3 , pp. 386-394
    • Dalmeijer, G.W.1    Olthof, M.R.2    Verhoef, P.3    Bots, M.L.4    Van Der Schouw, Y.T.5
  • 70
    • 34247228937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Egg proteins and peptides in human health - Chemistry, bioactivity and production
    • Mine Y. Egg proteins and peptides in human health - chemistry, bioactivity and production. Curr Pharm Des. 2007;13(9):875-884.
    • (2007) Curr Pharm Des. , vol.13 , Issue.9 , pp. 875-884
    • Mine, Y.1
  • 71
    • 84892828465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome
    • David LA, et al. Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome. Nature. 2014;505(7484):559-563.
    • (2014) Nature , vol.505 , Issue.7484 , pp. 559-563
    • David, L.A.1
  • 72
    • 84892549194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The uremic toxin adsorbent AST-120 abrogates cardiorenal injury following myocardial infarction
    • Lekawanvijit S, et al. The uremic toxin adsorbent AST-120 abrogates cardiorenal injury following myocardial infarction. PLoS One. 2013;8(12):e83687.
    • (2013) PLoS One. , vol.8 , Issue.12 , pp. e83687
    • Lekawanvijit, S.1
  • 73
    • 79959368409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral activated charcoal adsorbent (AST-120) ameliorates extent instability of atherosclerosis accelerated by kidney disease in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice
    • Yamamoto S, et al. Oral activated charcoal adsorbent (AST-120) ameliorates extent instability of atherosclerosis accelerated by kidney disease in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2011;26(8):2491-2497.
    • (2011) Nephrol Dial Transplant. , vol.26 , Issue.8 , pp. 2491-2497
    • Yamamoto, S.1
  • 74
    • 84878422338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of indoxyl sulfate by AST-120 attenuates monocyte inflammation related to chronic kidney disease
    • Ito S, et al. Reduction of indoxyl sulfate by AST-120 attenuates monocyte inflammation related to chronic kidney disease. J Leukoc Biol. 2013;93(6):837-845.
    • (2013) J Leukoc Biol. , vol.93 , Issue.6 , pp. 837-845
    • Ito, S.1
  • 75
    • 84871837954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial conversion of choline to trimethylamine requires a glycyl radical enzyme
    • Craciun S, Balskus EP. Microbial conversion of choline to trimethylamine requires a glycyl radical enzyme. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012;109(52):21307-21312.
    • (2012) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.109 , Issue.52 , pp. 21307-21312
    • Craciun, S.1    Balskus, E.P.2
  • 76
    • 84904563126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of choline trimethylamine-lyase expands the chemistry of glycyl radical enzymes
    • Craciun S, Marks JA, Balskus EP. Characterization of choline trimethylamine-lyase expands the chemistry of glycyl radical enzymes. ACS Chem Biol. 2014;9(7):1408-1413.
    • (2014) ACS Chem Biol. , vol.9 , Issue.7 , pp. 1408-1413
    • Craciun, S.1    Marks, J.A.2    Balskus, E.P.3
  • 77
    • 84896537331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carnitine metabolism to trimethylamine by an unusual Rieske-type oxygenase from human microbiota
    • Zhu Y, et al. Carnitine metabolism to trimethylamine by an unusual Rieske-type oxygenase from human microbiota. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014;111(11):4268-4273.
    • (2014) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.111 , Issue.11 , pp. 4268-4273
    • Zhu, Y.1
  • 80
    • 58149202381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of flavin-containing monooxygenase in drug development
    • Cashman JR. Role of flavin-containing monooxygenase in drug development. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2008;4(12):1507-1521.
    • (2008) Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. , vol.4 , Issue.12 , pp. 1507-1521
    • Cashman, J.R.1
  • 81
    • 29944437885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative analysis of FMO gene mRNA levels in human tissues
    • Zhang J, Cashman JR. Quantitative analysis of FMO gene mRNA levels in human tissues. Drug Metab Dispos. 2006;34(1):19-26.
    • (2006) Drug Metab Dispos. , vol.34 , Issue.1 , pp. 19-26
    • Zhang, J.1    Cashman, J.R.2
  • 82
    • 0032802490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro and in vivo inhibition of human flavin-containing monooxygenase form 3 (FMO3) in the presence of dietary indoles
    • Cashman JR, et al. In vitro and in vivo inhibition of human flavin-containing monooxygenase form 3 (FMO3) in the presence of dietary indoles. Biochem Pharmacol. 1999;58(6):1047-1055.
    • (1999) Biochem Pharmacol. , vol.58 , Issue.6 , pp. 1047-1055
    • Cashman, J.R.1
  • 84
    • 0027272625 scopus 로고
    • The fish odour syndrome: Biochemical, familial, and clinical aspects
    • Ayesh R, Mitchell SC, Zhang A, Smith RL. The fish odour syndrome: biochemical, familial, and clinical aspects. BMJ. 1993;307(6905):655-657.
    • (1993) BMJ. , vol.307 , Issue.6905 , pp. 655-657
    • Ayesh, R.1    Mitchell, S.C.2    Zhang, A.3    Smith, R.L.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.