메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5 JUL, Issue , 2014, Pages

Adrenal adrenoceptors in heart failure

Author keywords

Adrenal gland; Adrenergic system; Catecholamine; Functional recovery; GRK2; Heart failure; adrenergic receptor

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCHOLINE; ADRENALIN; ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; ALPHA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; BETA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CATECHOLAMINE; G PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTOR; G PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTOR KINASE; G PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTOR KINASE 2; INHIBITORY GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE BINDING PROTEIN; NICOTINIC RECEPTOR; NORADRENALIN; STIMULATORY GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE BINDING PROTEIN;

EID: 84904307770     PISSN: None     EISSN: 1664042X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00246     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (38)

References (95)
  • 1
    • 0033514046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study II (CIBIS-II): a randomised trial
    • CIBIS-II Investigators and Committees
    • CIBIS-II Investigators and Committees. (1999). The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study II (CIBIS-II): a randomised trial. Lancet 353, 9-13.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 9-13
  • 2
    • 0029129029 scopus 로고
    • Role of catecholamines and sympathetic activation as a risk factor for coronary artery disease
    • Amadi, A., Ponikowski, P., and Coats, A. J. (1995). Role of catecholamines and sympathetic activation as a risk factor for coronary artery disease. J. Cardiovasc. Risk 2, 222-228.
    • (1995) J. Cardiovasc. Risk , vol.2 , pp. 222-228
    • Amadi, A.1    Ponikowski, P.2    Coats, A.J.3
  • 3
    • 20444430437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin II receptor blockade and ventricular remodelling
    • doi: 10.3317/jraas.2005.006
    • Anavekar, N. S., and Solomon, S. D. (2005). Angiotensin II receptor blockade and ventricular remodelling. J. Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 6, 43-48. doi: 10.3317/jraas.2005.006.
    • (2005) J. Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. , vol.6 , pp. 43-48
    • Anavekar, N.S.1    Solomon, S.D.2
  • 4
    • 0028236204 scopus 로고
    • The effect of age on prevalence of secondary forms of hypertension in 4429 consecutively referred patients
    • Anderson, G. H. Jr., Blakeman, N., and Streeten, D. H. (1994). The effect of age on prevalence of secondary forms of hypertension in 4429 consecutively referred patients. J. Hypertens. 12, 609-615.
    • (1994) J. Hypertens. , vol.12 , pp. 609-615
    • Anderson Jr., G.H.1    Blakeman, N.2    Streeten, D.H.3
  • 5
    • 3242658938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin II AT1 and AT2 receptor types regulate basal and stress-induced adrenomedullary catecholamine production through transcriptional regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase
    • doi: 10.1196/annals.1296.036
    • Armando, I., Jezova, M., Bregonzio, C., Baiardi, G., and Saavedra, J. M. (2004). Angiotensin II AT1 and AT2 receptor types regulate basal and stress-induced adrenomedullary catecholamine production through transcriptional regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1018, 302-309. doi: 10.1196/annals.1296.036.
    • (2004) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.1018 , pp. 302-309
    • Armando, I.1    Jezova, M.2    Bregonzio, C.3    Baiardi, G.4    Saavedra, J.M.5
  • 6
    • 84892921129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Negative impact of beta-arrestin-1 on post-myocardial infarction heart failure via cardiac and adrenal-dependent neurohormonal mechanisms
    • doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.02043
    • Bathgate-Siryk, A., Dabul, S., Pandya, K., Walklett, K., Rengo, G., Cannavo, A., et al. (2014). Negative impact of beta-arrestin-1 on post-myocardial infarction heart failure via cardiac and adrenal-dependent neurohormonal mechanisms. Hypertension 63, 404-412. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.02043.
    • (2014) Hypertension , vol.63 , pp. 404-412
    • Bathgate-Siryk, A.1    Dabul, S.2    Pandya, K.3    Walklett, K.4    Rengo, G.5    Cannavo, A.6
  • 7
    • 84865783058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulated exocytosis in chromaffin cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes: how similar are they?
    • doi: 10.1016/j.ceca.2012.04.002
    • Becherer, U., Medart, M. R., Schirra, C., Krause, E., Stevens, D., and Rettig, J. (2012). Regulated exocytosis in chromaffin cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes: how similar are they? Cell Calcium 52, 303-312. doi: 10.1016/j.ceca.2012.04.002.
    • (2012) Cell Calcium , vol.52 , pp. 303-312
    • Becherer, U.1    Medart, M.R.2    Schirra, C.3    Krause, E.4    Stevens, D.5    Rettig, J.6
  • 8
    • 0024558936 scopus 로고
    • Pheochromocytoma presenting as shock
    • Bergland, B. E. (1989). Pheochromocytoma presenting as shock. Am. J. Emerg. Med. 7, 44-48.
    • (1989) Am. J. Emerg. Med. , vol.7 , pp. 44-48
    • Bergland, B.E.1
  • 9
    • 0028054186 scopus 로고
    • Localization of messenger RNA for three distinct alpha 2-adrenergic receptor subtypes in human tissues. Evidence for species heterogeneity and implications for human pharmacology
    • Berkowitz, D. E., Price, D. T., Bello, E. A., Page, S. O., and Schwinn, D. A. (1994). Localization of messenger RNA for three distinct alpha 2-adrenergic receptor subtypes in human tissues. Evidence for species heterogeneity and implications for human pharmacology. Anesthesiology 81, 1235-1244.
    • (1994) Anesthesiology , vol.81 , pp. 1235-1244
    • Berkowitz, D.E.1    Price, D.T.2    Bello, E.A.3    Page, S.O.4    Schwinn, D.A.5
  • 10
    • 0041765759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential control of adrenal and sympathetic catecholamine release by alpha 2-adrenoceptor subtypes
    • doi: 10.1210/me.2003-0035
    • Brede, M., Nagy, G., Philipp, M., Sorensen, J. B., Lohse, M. J., and Hein, L. (2003). Differential control of adrenal and sympathetic catecholamine release by alpha 2-adrenoceptor subtypes. Mol. Endocrinol. 17, 1640-1646. doi: 10.1210/me.2003-0035.
    • (2003) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.17 , pp. 1640-1646
    • Brede, M.1    Nagy, G.2    Philipp, M.3    Sorensen, J.B.4    Lohse, M.J.5    Hein, L.6
  • 11
    • 0037027480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feedback inhibition of catecholamine release by two different alpha2-adrenoceptor subtypes prevents progression of heart failure
    • doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000036600.39600.66
    • Brede, M., Wiesmann, F., Jahns, R., Hadamek, K., Arnolt, C., Neubauer, S., et al. (2002). Feedback inhibition of catecholamine release by two different alpha2-adrenoceptor subtypes prevents progression of heart failure. Circulation 106, 2491-2496. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000036600.39600.66.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 2491-2496
    • Brede, M.1    Wiesmann, F.2    Jahns, R.3    Hadamek, K.4    Arnolt, C.5    Neubauer, S.6
  • 12
    • 0036839584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal cardiac function associated with sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity in mice
    • doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.01063.2001
    • Brum, P. C., Kosek, J., Patterson, A., Bernstein, D., and Kobilka, B. (2002). Abnormal cardiac function associated with sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity in mice. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 283, H1838-H1845. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.01063.2001.
    • (2002) Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. , vol.283
    • Brum, P.C.1    Kosek, J.2    Patterson, A.3    Bernstein, D.4    Kobilka, B.5
  • 15
    • 84876413668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prodeath signaling of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 in cardiac myocytes after ischemic stress occurs via extracellular signal-regulated kinase-dependent heat shock protein 90-mediated mitochondrial targeting
    • doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.112.300754
    • Chen, M., Sato, P. Y., Chuprun, J. K., Peroutka, R. J., Otis, N. J., Ibetti, J., et al. (2013). Prodeath signaling of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 in cardiac myocytes after ischemic stress occurs via extracellular signal-regulated kinase-dependent heat shock protein 90-mediated mitochondrial targeting. Circ. Res. 112, 1121-1134. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.112.300754.
    • (2013) Circ. Res. , vol.112 , pp. 1121-1134
    • Chen, M.1    Sato, P.Y.2    Chuprun, J.K.3    Peroutka, R.J.4    Otis, N.J.5    Ibetti, J.6
  • 16
    • 0021194420 scopus 로고
    • Plasma norepinephrine as a guide to prognosis in patients with chronic congestive heart failure
    • Cohn, J. N., Levine, T. B., Olivari, M. T., Garberg, V., Lura, D., Francis, G. S., et al. (1984). Plasma norepinephrine as a guide to prognosis in patients with chronic congestive heart failure. N. Engl. J. Med. 311, 819-823.
    • (1984) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.311 , pp. 819-823
    • Cohn, J.N.1    Levine, T.B.2    Olivari, M.T.3    Garberg, V.4    Lura, D.5    Francis, G.S.6
  • 17
    • 84857026869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of catecholamine release in human adrenal chromaffin cells by beta-adrenoceptors
    • doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2011.12.018
    • Cortez, V., Santana, M., Marques, A. P., Mota, A., Rosmaninho-Salgado, J., and Cavadas, C. (2012). Regulation of catecholamine release in human adrenal chromaffin cells by beta-adrenoceptors. Neurochem. Int. 60, 387-393. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2011.12.018.
    • (2012) Neurochem. Int. , vol.60 , pp. 387-393
    • Cortez, V.1    Santana, M.2    Marques, A.P.3    Mota, A.4    Rosmaninho-Salgado, J.5    Cavadas, C.6
  • 18
    • 79955898074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart failure pharmacogenetics: past, present, and future
    • doi: 10.1007/s11886-011-0181-6
    • Davis, H. M., and Johnson, J. A. (2011). Heart failure pharmacogenetics: past, present, and future. Curr. Cardiol. Rep. 13, 175-184. doi: 10.1007/s11886-011-0181-6.
    • (2011) Curr. Cardiol. Rep. , vol.13 , pp. 175-184
    • Davis, H.M.1    Johnson, J.A.2
  • 20
    • 33750281024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of sympathetic activation in obesity-related hypertension
    • doi: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000242642.42177.49
    • Esler, M., Straznicky, N., Eikelis, N., Masuo, K., Lambert, G., and Lambert, E. (2006). Mechanisms of sympathetic activation in obesity-related hypertension. Hypertension 48, 787-796. doi: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000242642.42177.49.
    • (2006) Hypertension , vol.48 , pp. 787-796
    • Esler, M.1    Straznicky, N.2    Eikelis, N.3    Masuo, K.4    Lambert, G.5    Lambert, E.6
  • 22
    • 84874288851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • beta-adrenergic receptors and G protein-coupled receptor kinase-2 in Alzheimer's disease: a new paradigm for prognosis and therapy?
    • doi: 10.3233/JAD-121813
    • Femminella, G. D., Rengo, G., Pagano, G., De Lucia, C., Komici, K., Parisi, V., et al. (2013b). beta-adrenergic receptors and G protein-coupled receptor kinase-2 in Alzheimer's disease: a new paradigm for prognosis and therapy? J. Alzheimers. Dis. 34, 341-347. doi: 10.3233/JAD-121813.
    • (2013) J. Alzheimers. Dis. , vol.34 , pp. 341-347
    • Femminella, G.D.1    Rengo, G.2    Pagano, G.3    De Lucia, C.4    Komici, K.5    Parisi, V.6
  • 23
    • 0038659418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha2A and alpha2C-adrenoceptor regulation in the brain: alpha2A changes persist after chronic stress
    • doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02510.x
    • Flugge, G., Van Kampen, M., Meyer, H., and Fuchs, E. (2003). Alpha2A and alpha2C-adrenoceptor regulation in the brain: alpha2A changes persist after chronic stress. Eur. J. Neurosci. 17, 917-928. doi: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02510.x.
    • (2003) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.17 , pp. 917-928
    • Flugge, G.1    Van Kampen, M.2    Meyer, H.3    Fuchs, E.4
  • 24
    • 0035030884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thyroid status influences baroreflex function and autonomic contributions to arterial pressure and heart rate
    • Foley, C. M., McAllister, R. M., and Hasser, E. M. (2001). Thyroid status influences baroreflex function and autonomic contributions to arterial pressure and heart rate. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 280, H2061-H2068.
    • (2001) Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. , vol.280
    • Foley, C.M.1    McAllister, R.M.2    Hasser, E.M.3
  • 25
    • 0023760299 scopus 로고
    • In vivo interactions between prejunctional alpha 2- and beta 2-adrenoceptors at the level of the adrenal medulla
    • Foucart, S., De Champlain, J., and Nadeau, R. (1988). In vivo interactions between prejunctional alpha 2- and beta 2-adrenoceptors at the level of the adrenal medulla. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 66, 1340-1343.
    • (1988) Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. , vol.66 , pp. 1340-1343
    • Foucart, S.1    De Champlain, J.2    Nadeau, R.3
  • 26
    • 83555174502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial localization unveils a novel role for GRK2 in organelle biogenesis
    • doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.09.026
    • Fusco, A., Santulli, G., Sorriento, D., Cipolletta, E., Garbi, C., Dorn, G. W., et al. (2012). Mitochondrial localization unveils a novel role for GRK2 in organelle biogenesis. Cell. Signal. 24, 468-475. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2011.09.026.
    • (2012) Cell. Signal. , vol.24 , pp. 468-475
    • Fusco, A.1    Santulli, G.2    Sorriento, D.3    Cipolletta, E.4    Garbi, C.5    Dorn, G.W.6
  • 27
    • 84893651437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart disease and stroke statistics-2014 update: a report from the American Heart Association
    • doi: 10.1161/01.cir.0000441139.02102.80
    • Go, A. S., Mozaffarian, D., Roger, V. L., Benjamin, E. J., Berry, J. D., Blaha, M. J., et al. (2014). Heart disease and stroke statistics-2014 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 129, e28-e292. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.0000441139.02102.80.
    • (2014) Circulation , vol.129
    • Go, A.S.1    Mozaffarian, D.2    Roger, V.L.3    Benjamin, E.J.4    Berry, J.D.5    Blaha, M.J.6
  • 28
    • 0032407947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the sympathetic nervous system in human hypertension
    • Grassi, G. (1998). Role of the sympathetic nervous system in human hypertension. J. Hypertens. 16, 1979-1987.
    • (1998) J. Hypertens. , vol.16 , pp. 1979-1987
    • Grassi, G.1
  • 29
    • 34447514179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular risk and adrenergic overdrive in the metabolic syndrome
    • doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2007.01.004
    • Grassi, G., Quarti-Trevano, F., Seravalle, G., and Dell'oro, R. (2007). Cardiovascular risk and adrenergic overdrive in the metabolic syndrome. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. 17, 473-481. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2007.01.004.
    • (2007) Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. , vol.17 , pp. 473-481
    • Grassi, G.1    Quarti-Trevano, F.2    Seravalle, G.3    Dell'oro, R.4
  • 30
    • 84882614330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In anesthetized pigs human chorionic gonadotropin increases myocardial perfusion and function through a beta-adrenergic-related pathway and nitric oxide
    • doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00425.2013
    • Grossini, E., Surico, D., Mary, D. A., Molinari, C., Surico, N., and Vacca, G. (2013). In anesthetized pigs human chorionic gonadotropin increases myocardial perfusion and function through a beta-adrenergic-related pathway and nitric oxide. J. Appl. Physiol. 115, 422-435. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00425.2013.
    • (2013) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.115 , pp. 422-435
    • Grossini, E.1    Surico, D.2    Mary, D.A.3    Molinari, C.4    Surico, N.5    Vacca, G.6
  • 31
    • 83555168220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • G protein-coupled receptor kinases: more than just kinases and not only for GPCRs
    • doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.08.001
    • Gurevich, E. V., Tesmer, J. J., Mushegian, A., and Gurevich, V. V. (2012). G protein-coupled receptor kinases: more than just kinases and not only for GPCRs. Pharmacol. Ther. 133, 40-69. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.08.001.
    • (2012) Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.133 , pp. 40-69
    • Gurevich, E.V.1    Tesmer, J.J.2    Mushegian, A.3    Gurevich, V.V.4
  • 32
    • 84926099509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Update on the corticomedullary interaction in the adrenal gland
    • doi: 10.1159/000321211
    • Haase, M., Willenberg, H. S., and Bornstein, S. R. (2011). Update on the corticomedullary interaction in the adrenal gland. Endocr. Dev. 20, 28-37. doi: 10.1159/000321211.
    • (2011) Endocr. Dev. , vol.20 , pp. 28-37
    • Haase, M.1    Willenberg, H.S.2    Bornstein, S.R.3
  • 33
    • 34748881865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Addressing sympathetic overactivity in major depressive disorder
    • doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3282ef9819
    • Hausberg, M., Hillebrand, U., and Kisters, K. (2007). Addressing sympathetic overactivity in major depressive disorder. J. Hypertens. 25, 2004-2005. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3282ef9819.
    • (2007) J. Hypertens. , vol.25 , pp. 2004-2005
    • Hausberg, M.1    Hillebrand, U.2    Kisters, K.3
  • 34
    • 0033547241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two functionally distinct alpha2-adrenergic receptors regulate sympathetic neurotransmission
    • Hein, L., Altman, J. D., and Kobilka, B. K. (1999). Two functionally distinct alpha2-adrenergic receptors regulate sympathetic neurotransmission. Nature 402, 181-184.
    • (1999) Nature , vol.402 , pp. 181-184
    • Hein, L.1    Altman, J.D.2    Kobilka, B.K.3
  • 35
    • 0035261068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of glucocorticoids on adrenal chromaffin cells
    • doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2826.2001.00628.x
    • Hodel, A. (2001). Effects of glucocorticoids on adrenal chromaffin cells. J. Neuroendocrinol. 13, 216-220. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2826.2001.00628.x.
    • (2001) J. Neuroendocrinol. , vol.13 , pp. 216-220
    • Hodel, A.1
  • 36
    • 0346788540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on sympathetic neural mechanisms in hypertension
    • doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000103123.66264.FE
    • Huggett, R. J., Scott, E. M., Gilbey, S. G., Stoker, J. B., Mackintosh, A. F., and Mary, D. A. (2003). Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on sympathetic neural mechanisms in hypertension. Circulation 108, 3097-3101. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000103123.66264.FE.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.108 , pp. 3097-3101
    • Huggett, R.J.1    Scott, E.M.2    Gilbey, S.G.3    Stoker, J.B.4    Mackintosh, A.F.5    Mary, D.A.6
  • 37
    • 0032936470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic potential of G-protein coupled receptor kinases in the heart
    • Iaccarino, G., and Koch, W. J. (1999). Therapeutic potential of G-protein coupled receptor kinases in the heart. Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs 8, 545-554.
    • (1999) Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs , vol.8 , pp. 545-554
    • Iaccarino, G.1    Koch, W.J.2
  • 38
    • 0032855703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial G protein-coupled receptor kinases: implications for heart failure therapy
    • Iaccarino, G., Lefkowitz, R. J., and Koch, W. J. (1999). Myocardial G protein-coupled receptor kinases: implications for heart failure therapy. Proc. Assoc. Am. Physicians 111, 399-405.
    • (1999) Proc. Assoc. Am. Physicians , vol.111 , pp. 399-405
    • Iaccarino, G.1    Lefkowitz, R.J.2    Koch, W.J.3
  • 39
    • 0032573192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reciprocal in vivo regulation of myocardial G protein-coupled receptor kinase expression by beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation and blockade
    • Iaccarino, G., Tomhave, E. D., Lefkowitz, R. J., and Koch, W. J. (1998). Reciprocal in vivo regulation of myocardial G protein-coupled receptor kinase expression by beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation and blockade. Circulation 98, 1783-1789.
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.98 , pp. 1783-1789
    • Iaccarino, G.1    Tomhave, E.D.2    Lefkowitz, R.J.3    Koch, W.J.4
  • 40
    • 0030013246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • G protein-coupled receptor kinase specificity for phosphorylation and desensitization of alpha2-adrenergic receptor subtypes
    • Jewell-Motz, E. A., and Liggett, S. B. (1996). G protein-coupled receptor kinase specificity for phosphorylation and desensitization of alpha2-adrenergic receptor subtypes. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 18082-18087.
    • (1996) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.271 , pp. 18082-18087
    • Jewell-Motz, E.A.1    Liggett, S.B.2
  • 43
    • 0029061324 scopus 로고
    • Cardiac function in mice overexpressing the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase or a beta ARK inhibitor
    • Koch, W. J., Rockman, H. A., Samama, P., Hamilton, R. A., Bond, R. A., Milano, C. A., et al. (1995). Cardiac function in mice overexpressing the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase or a beta ARK inhibitor. Science 268, 1350-1353.
    • (1995) Science , vol.268 , pp. 1350-1353
    • Koch, W.J.1    Rockman, H.A.2    Samama, P.3    Hamilton, R.A.4    Bond, R.A.5    Milano, C.A.6
  • 44
    • 0022591615 scopus 로고
    • Direct evidence from intraneural recordings for increased central sympathetic outflow in patients with heart failure
    • Leimbach, W. N. Jr., Wallin, B. G., Victor, R. G., Aylward, P. E., Sundlof, G., and Mark, A. L. (1986). Direct evidence from intraneural recordings for increased central sympathetic outflow in patients with heart failure. Circulation 73, 913-919.
    • (1986) Circulation , vol.73 , pp. 913-919
    • Leimbach Jr., W.N.1    Wallin, B.G.2    Victor, R.G.3    Aylward, P.E.4    Sundlof, G.5    Mark, A.L.6
  • 45
    • 0032895241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Receptor selectivity of the cloned opossum G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) in intact opossum kidney cells: role in desensitization of endogenous alpha2C-adrenergic but not serotonin 1B receptors
    • Lembo, P. M., Ghahremani, M. H., and Albert, P. R. (1999). Receptor selectivity of the cloned opossum G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) in intact opossum kidney cells: role in desensitization of endogenous alpha2C-adrenergic but not serotonin 1B receptors. Mol. Endocrinol. 13, 138-147.
    • (1999) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.13 , pp. 138-147
    • Lembo, P.M.1    Ghahremani, M.H.2    Albert, P.R.3
  • 46
    • 0029739504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular regulation in mice lacking alpha2-adrenergic receptor subtypes b and c
    • Link, R. E., Desai, K., Hein, L., Stevens, M. E., Chruscinski, A., Bernstein, D., et al. (1996). Cardiovascular regulation in mice lacking alpha2-adrenergic receptor subtypes b and c. Science 273, 803-805.
    • (1996) Science , vol.273 , pp. 803-805
    • Link, R.E.1    Desai, K.2    Hein, L.3    Stevens, M.E.4    Chruscinski, A.5    Bernstein, D.6
  • 47
    • 0036473397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of beta-arrestins in the termination and transduction of G-protein-coupled receptor signals
    • Luttrell, L. M., and Lefkowitz, R. J. (2002). The role of beta-arrestins in the termination and transduction of G-protein-coupled receptor signals. J. Cell Sci. 115, 455-465.
    • (2002) J. Cell Sci. , vol.115 , pp. 455-465
    • Luttrell, L.M.1    Lefkowitz, R.J.2
  • 48
    • 84884585457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiology and pharmacology of the cardiovascular adrenergic system
    • doi: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00240
    • Lymperopoulos, A. (2013). Physiology and pharmacology of the cardiovascular adrenergic system. Front. Physiol. 4:240. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00240.
    • (2013) Front. Physiol. , vol.4 , pp. 240
    • Lymperopoulos, A.1
  • 49
    • 33847728682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenal GRK2 upregulation mediates sympathetic overdrive in heart failure
    • doi: 10.1038/nm1553
    • Lymperopoulos, A., Rengo, G., Funakoshi, H., Eckhart, A. D., and Koch, W. J. (2007a). Adrenal GRK2 upregulation mediates sympathetic overdrive in heart failure. Nat. Med. 13, 315-323. doi: 10.1038/nm1553.
    • (2007) Nat. Med. , vol.13 , pp. 315-323
    • Lymperopoulos, A.1    Rengo, G.2    Funakoshi, H.3    Eckhart, A.D.4    Koch, W.J.5
  • 50
    • 77952368252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of sympathetic activity via adrenal-targeted GRK2 gene deletion attenuates heart failure progression and improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction
    • doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.077859
    • Lymperopoulos, A., Rengo, G., Gao, E., Ebert, S. N., Dorn, G. W. 2nd, and Koch, W. J. (2010). Reduction of sympathetic activity via adrenal-targeted GRK2 gene deletion attenuates heart failure progression and improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction. J. Biol. Chem. 285, 16378-16386. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.077859.
    • (2010) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.285 , pp. 16378-16386
    • Lymperopoulos, A.1    Rengo, G.2    Gao, E.3    Ebert, S.N.4    Dorn II, G.W.5    Koch, W.J.6
  • 51
    • 36249021393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenal adrenoceptors in heart failure: fine-tuning cardiac stimulation
    • doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2007.10.005
    • Lymperopoulos, A., Rengo, G., and Koch, W. J. (2007b). Adrenal adrenoceptors in heart failure: fine-tuning cardiac stimulation. Trends Mol. Med. 13, 503-511. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2007.10.005.
    • (2007) Trends Mol. Med. , vol.13 , pp. 503-511
    • Lymperopoulos, A.1    Rengo, G.2    Koch, W.J.3
  • 52
    • 84856504934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GRK2 inhibition in heart failure: something old, something new
    • doi: 10.2174/138161212799040510
    • Lymperopoulos, A., Rengo, G., and Koch, W. J. (2012). GRK2 inhibition in heart failure: something old, something new. Curr. Pharm. Des. 18, 186-191. doi: 10.2174/138161212799040510.
    • (2012) Curr. Pharm. Des. , vol.18 , pp. 186-191
    • Lymperopoulos, A.1    Rengo, G.2    Koch, W.J.3
  • 53
    • 84883565348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenergic nervous system in heart failure: pathophysiology and therapy
    • doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.113.300308
    • Lymperopoulos, A., Rengo, G., and Koch, W. J. (2013). Adrenergic nervous system in heart failure: pathophysiology and therapy. Circ. Res. 113, 739-753. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.113.300308.
    • (2013) Circ. Res. , vol.113 , pp. 739-753
    • Lymperopoulos, A.1    Rengo, G.2    Koch, W.J.3
  • 54
    • 78651326867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenal beta-arrestin 1 inhibition in vivo attenuates post-myocardial infarction progression to heart failure and adverse remodeling via reduction of circulating aldosterone levels
    • doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.08.635
    • Lymperopoulos, A., Rengo, G., Zincarelli, C., Kim, J., and Koch, W. J. (2011). Adrenal beta-arrestin 1 inhibition in vivo attenuates post-myocardial infarction progression to heart failure and adverse remodeling via reduction of circulating aldosterone levels. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 57, 356-365. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.08.635.
    • (2011) J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. , vol.57 , pp. 356-365
    • Lymperopoulos, A.1    Rengo, G.2    Zincarelli, C.3    Kim, J.4    Koch, W.J.5
  • 55
    • 65249162262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An adrenal beta-arrestin 1-mediated signaling pathway underlies angiotensin II-induced aldosterone production in vitro and in vivo
    • doi: 10.1073/pnas.0811706106
    • Lymperopoulos, A., Rengo, G., Zincarelli, C., Kim, J., Soltys, S., and Koch, W. J. (2009). An adrenal beta-arrestin 1-mediated signaling pathway underlies angiotensin II-induced aldosterone production in vitro and in vivo. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106, 5825-5830. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0811706106.
    • (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.106 , pp. 5825-5830
    • Lymperopoulos, A.1    Rengo, G.2    Zincarelli, C.3    Kim, J.4    Soltys, S.5    Koch, W.J.6
  • 56
    • 38649085669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of adrenal catecholamine secretion by in vivo gene transfer and manipulation of G protein-coupled receptor kinase-2 activity
    • doi: 10.1038/sj.mt.6300371
    • Lymperopoulos, A., Rengo, G., Zincarelli, C., Soltys, S., and Koch, W. J. (2008). Modulation of adrenal catecholamine secretion by in vivo gene transfer and manipulation of G protein-coupled receptor kinase-2 activity. Mol. Ther. 16, 302-307. doi: 10.1038/sj.mt.6300371.
    • (2008) Mol. Ther. , vol.16 , pp. 302-307
    • Lymperopoulos, A.1    Rengo, G.2    Zincarelli, C.3    Soltys, S.4    Koch, W.J.5
  • 57
    • 0030844448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene targeting-homing in on alpha 2-adrenoceptor-subtype function
    • Macdonald, E., Kobilka, B. K., and Scheinin, M. (1997). Gene targeting-homing in on alpha 2-adrenoceptor-subtype function. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 18, 211-219.
    • (1997) Trends Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.18 , pp. 211-219
    • Macdonald, E.1    Kobilka, B.K.2    Scheinin, M.3
  • 58
    • 77953200567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of sympathetic nervous activity in renal injury and end-stage renal disease
    • doi: 10.1038/hr.2010.35
    • Masuo, K., Lambert, G. W., Esler, M. D., Rakugi, H., Ogihara, T., and Schlaich, M. P. (2010). The role of sympathetic nervous activity in renal injury and end-stage renal disease. Hypertens. Res. 33, 521-528. doi: 10.1038/hr.2010.35.
    • (2010) Hypertens. Res. , vol.33 , pp. 521-528
    • Masuo, K.1    Lambert, G.W.2    Esler, M.D.3    Rakugi, H.4    Ogihara, T.5    Schlaich, M.P.6
  • 59
    • 0029658714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • alpha-Adrenergic regulation of human renal function
    • Michel, M. C., and Rump, L. C. (1996). alpha-Adrenergic regulation of human renal function. Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol. 10, 493-503.
    • (1996) Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.10 , pp. 493-503
    • Michel, M.C.1    Rump, L.C.2
  • 60
    • 0031461027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The sympathetic nervous system and obstructive sleep apnea: implications for hypertension
    • Narkiewicz, K., and Somers, V. K. (1997). The sympathetic nervous system and obstructive sleep apnea: implications for hypertension. J. Hypertens. 15, 1613-1619.
    • (1997) J. Hypertens. , vol.15 , pp. 1613-1619
    • Narkiewicz, K.1    Somers, V.K.2
  • 61
    • 79551637820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired desensitization of a human polymorphic alpha2B-adrenergic receptor variant enhances its sympatho-inhibitory activity in chromaffin cells
    • doi: 10.1186/1478-811X-9-5
    • Nguyen, K., Kassimatis, T., and Lymperopoulos, A. (2011). Impaired desensitization of a human polymorphic alpha2B-adrenergic receptor variant enhances its sympatho-inhibitory activity in chromaffin cells. Cell Commun. Signal. 9, 5. doi: 10.1186/1478-811X-9-5.
    • (2011) Cell Commun. Signal. , vol.9 , pp. 5
    • Nguyen, K.1    Kassimatis, T.2    Lymperopoulos, A.3
  • 62
    • 84870906939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GRK2-mediated inhibition of adrenergic and dopaminergic signaling in right ventricular hypertrophy: therapeutic implications in pulmonary hypertension
    • doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA
    • Piao, L., Fang, Y. H., Parikh, K. S., Ryan, J. J., D'souza, K. M., Theccanat, T., et al. (2012). GRK2-mediated inhibition of adrenergic and dopaminergic signaling in right ventricular hypertrophy: therapeutic implications in pulmonary hypertension. Circulation 126, 2859-2869. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.
    • (2012) Circulation , vol.126 , pp. 2859-2869
    • Piao, L.1    Fang, Y.H.2    Parikh, K.S.3    Ryan, J.J.4    D'souza, K.M.5    Theccanat, T.6
  • 63
    • 0034976707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered beta-adrenergic receptor gene regulation and signaling in chronic heart failure
    • doi: 10.1006/jmcc.2001.1358
    • Port, J. D., and Bristow, M. R. (2001). Altered beta-adrenergic receptor gene regulation and signaling in chronic heart failure. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 33, 887-905. doi: 10.1006/jmcc.2001.1358.
    • (2001) J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. , vol.33 , pp. 887-905
    • Port, J.D.1    Bristow, M.R.2
  • 64
    • 80054096098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular manifestations of phaeochromocytoma
    • doi: 10.1053/ajem.2000.7341
    • Prejbisz, A., Lenders, J. W., Eisenhofer, G., and Januszewicz, A. (2011). Cardiovascular manifestations of phaeochromocytoma. J. Hypertens. 29, 2049-2060. doi: 10.1053/ajem.2000.7341.
    • (2011) J. Hypertens. , vol.29 , pp. 2049-2060
    • Prejbisz, A.1    Lenders, J.W.2    Eisenhofer, G.3    Januszewicz, A.4
  • 65
    • 0016735883 scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular complications of pheochromocytoma crisis
    • doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(75)90060-0
    • Radtke, W. E., Kazmier, F. J., Rutherford, B. D., and Sheps, S. G. (1975). Cardiovascular complications of pheochromocytoma crisis. Am. J. Cardiol. 35, 701-705. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(75)90060-0.
    • (1975) Am. J. Cardiol. , vol.35 , pp. 701-705
    • Radtke, W.E.1    Kazmier, F.J.2    Rutherford, B.D.3    Sheps, S.G.4
  • 66
    • 33646162635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GRKs and beta-arrestins: roles in receptor silencing, trafficking and signaling
    • doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2006.03.008
    • Reiter, E., and Lefkowitz, R. J. (2006). GRKs and beta-arrestins: roles in receptor silencing, trafficking and signaling. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 17, 159-165. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2006.03.008.
    • (2006) Trends Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.17 , pp. 159-165
    • Reiter, E.1    Lefkowitz, R.J.2
  • 67
    • 84890454726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of lymphocyte G protein-coupled receptor kinase-2 (GRK2) after exercise training predicts survival in patients with heart failure
    • doi: 10.1177/2047487313491656
    • Rengo, G., Galasso, G., Femminella, G. D., Parisi, V., Zincarelli, C., Pagano, G., et al. (2014). Reduction of lymphocyte G protein-coupled receptor kinase-2 (GRK2) after exercise training predicts survival in patients with heart failure. Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol. 21, 4-11. doi: 10.1177/2047487313491656.
    • (2014) Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol. , vol.21 , pp. 4-11
    • Rengo, G.1    Galasso, G.2    Femminella, G.D.3    Parisi, V.4    Zincarelli, C.5    Pagano, G.6
  • 68
    • 77952635752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adrenal GRK2 lowering is an underlying mechanism for the beneficial sympathetic effects of exercise training in heart failure
    • doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00702.2009
    • Rengo, G., Leosco, D., Zincarelli, C., Marchese, M., Corbi, G., Liccardo, D., et al. (2010). Adrenal GRK2 lowering is an underlying mechanism for the beneficial sympathetic effects of exercise training in heart failure. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 298, H2032-H2038. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00702.2009.
    • (2010) Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. , vol.298
    • Rengo, G.1    Leosco, D.2    Zincarelli, C.3    Marchese, M.4    Corbi, G.5    Liccardo, D.6
  • 69
    • 67651113673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Future g protein-coupled receptor targets for treatment of heart failure
    • doi: 10.1007/s11936-009-0033-5
    • Rengo, G., Lymperopoulos, A., and Koch, W. J. (2009a). Future g protein-coupled receptor targets for treatment of heart failure. Curr. Treat. Options Cardiovasc. Med. 11, 328-338. doi: 10.1007/s11936-009-0033-5.
    • (2009) Curr. Treat. Options Cardiovasc. Med. , vol.11 , pp. 328-338
    • Rengo, G.1    Lymperopoulos, A.2    Koch, W.J.3
  • 70
    • 59049097977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial adeno-associated virus serotype 6-betaARKct gene therapy improves cardiac function and normalizes the neurohormonal axis in chronic heart failure
    • doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.803999
    • Rengo, G., Lymperopoulos, A., Zincarelli, C., Donniacuo, M., Soltys, S., Rabinowitz, J. E., et al. (2009b). Myocardial adeno-associated virus serotype 6-betaARKct gene therapy improves cardiac function and normalizes the neurohormonal axis in chronic heart failure. Circulation 119, 89-98. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.803999.
    • (2009) Circulation , vol.119 , pp. 89-98
    • Rengo, G.1    Lymperopoulos, A.2    Zincarelli, C.3    Donniacuo, M.4    Soltys, S.5    Rabinowitz, J.E.6
  • 71
    • 84864444752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blockade of beta-adrenoceptors restores the GRK2-mediated adrenal alpha(2) -adrenoceptor-catecholamine production axis in heart failure
    • doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01972.x
    • Rengo, G., Lymperopoulos, A., Zincarelli, C., Femminella, G., Liccardo, D., Pagano, G., et al. (2012a). Blockade of beta-adrenoceptors restores the GRK2-mediated adrenal alpha(2) -adrenoceptor-catecholamine production axis in heart failure. Br. J. Pharmacol. 166, 2430-2440. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01972.x.
    • (2012) Br. J. Pharmacol. , vol.166 , pp. 2430-2440
    • Rengo, G.1    Lymperopoulos, A.2    Zincarelli, C.3    Femminella, G.4    Liccardo, D.5    Pagano, G.6
  • 72
    • 84864304935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting the beta-adrenergic receptor system through G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2: a new paradigm for therapy and prognostic evaluation in heart failure: from bench to bedside
    • doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.112.966895
    • Rengo, G., Perrone-Filardi, P., Femminella, G. D., Liccardo, D., Zincarelli, C., De Lucia, C., et al. (2012b). Targeting the beta-adrenergic receptor system through G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2: a new paradigm for therapy and prognostic evaluation in heart failure: from bench to bedside. Circ. Heart Fail. 5, 385-391. doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.112.966895.
    • (2012) Circ. Heart Fail. , vol.5 , pp. 385-391
    • Rengo, G.1    Perrone-Filardi, P.2    Femminella, G.D.3    Liccardo, D.4    Zincarelli, C.5    De Lucia, C.6
  • 73
    • 84864435906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial beta(2) -adrenoceptor gene delivery promotes coordinated cardiac adaptive remodelling and angiogenesis in heart failure
    • doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01954.x
    • Rengo, G., Zincarelli, C., Femminella, G. D., Liccardo, D., Pagano, G., De Lucia, C., et al. (2012c). Myocardial beta(2) -adrenoceptor gene delivery promotes coordinated cardiac adaptive remodelling and angiogenesis in heart failure. Br. J. Pharmacol. 166, 2348-2361. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01954.x.
    • (2012) Br. J. Pharmacol. , vol.166 , pp. 2348-2361
    • Rengo, G.1    Zincarelli, C.2    Femminella, G.D.3    Liccardo, D.4    Pagano, G.5    De Lucia, C.6
  • 74
    • 0029844311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Receptor-specific in vivo desensitization by the G protein-coupled receptor kinase-5 in transgenic mice
    • doi: 10.1073/pnas.93.18.9954
    • Rockman, H. A., Choi, D. J., Rahman, N. U., Akhter, S. A., Lefkowitz, R. J., and Koch, W. J. (1996). Receptor-specific in vivo desensitization by the G protein-coupled receptor kinase-5 in transgenic mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93, 9954-9959. doi: 10.1073/pnas.93.18.9954.
    • (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.93 , pp. 9954-9959
    • Rockman, H.A.1    Choi, D.J.2    Rahman, N.U.3    Akhter, S.A.4    Lefkowitz, R.J.5    Koch, W.J.6
  • 76
    • 0023770924 scopus 로고
    • Catecholamine binding and concentrations in acute phase plasma after surgery
    • doi: 10.3109/00365518809085751
    • Sager, G., Trovik, T., Slordal, L., Jaeger, R., Prytz, P. S., Brox, J., et al. (1988). Catecholamine binding and concentrations in acute phase plasma after surgery. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 48, 419-424. doi: 10.3109/00365518809085751.
    • (1988) Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. , vol.48 , pp. 419-424
    • Sager, G.1    Trovik, T.2    Slordal, L.3    Jaeger, R.4    Prytz, P.S.5    Brox, J.6
  • 77
    • 84883539947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GRK2 blockade with betaARKct is essential for cardiac beta2-adrenergic receptor signaling toward increased contractility
    • doi: 10.1186/1478-811X-11-64
    • Salazar, N. C., Vallejos, X., Siryk, A., Rengo, G., Cannavo, A., Liccardo, D., et al. (2013). GRK2 blockade with betaARKct is essential for cardiac beta2-adrenergic receptor signaling toward increased contractility. Cell Commun. Signal. 11, 64. doi: 10.1186/1478-811X-11-64.
    • (2013) Cell Commun. Signal. , vol.11 , pp. 64
    • Salazar, N.C.1    Vallejos, X.2    Siryk, A.3    Rengo, G.4    Cannavo, A.5    Liccardo, D.6
  • 78
    • 0032589476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic alteration of the alpha2-adrenoceptor subtype c in mice affects the development of behavioral despair and stress-induced increases in plasma corticosterone levels
    • doi: 10.1038/sj.mp.4000543
    • Sallinen, J., Haapalinna, A., Macdonald, E., Viitamaa, T., Lahdesmaki, J., Rybnikova, E., et al. (1999). Genetic alteration of the alpha2-adrenoceptor subtype c in mice affects the development of behavioral despair and stress-induced increases in plasma corticosterone levels. Mol. Psychiatry 4, 443-452. doi: 10.1038/sj.mp.4000543.
    • (1999) Mol. Psychiatry , vol.4 , pp. 443-452
    • Sallinen, J.1    Haapalinna, A.2    Macdonald, E.3    Viitamaa, T.4    Lahdesmaki, J.5    Rybnikova, E.6
  • 79
    • 0842289476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sympathetic augmentation in hypertension: role of nerve firing, norepinephrine reuptake, and Angiotensin neuromodulation
    • doi: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000103160.35395.9E
    • Schlaich, M. P., Lambert, E., Kaye, D. M., Krozowski, Z., Campbell, D. J., Lambert, G., et al. (2004). Sympathetic augmentation in hypertension: role of nerve firing, norepinephrine reuptake, and Angiotensin neuromodulation. Hypertension 43, 169-175. doi: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000103160.35395.9E.
    • (2004) Hypertension , vol.43 , pp. 169-175
    • Schlaich, M.P.1    Lambert, E.2    Kaye, D.M.3    Krozowski, Z.4    Campbell, D.J.5    Lambert, G.6
  • 80
    • 79959724145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic cardiac pressure overload induces adrenal medulla hypertrophy and increased catecholamine synthesis
    • doi: 10.1007/s00395-011-0166-z
    • Schneider, J., Lother, A., Hein, L., and Gilsbach, R. (2011). Chronic cardiac pressure overload induces adrenal medulla hypertrophy and increased catecholamine synthesis. Basic Res. Cardiol. 106, 591-602. doi: 10.1007/s00395-011-0166-z.
    • (2011) Basic Res. Cardiol. , vol.106 , pp. 591-602
    • Schneider, J.1    Lother, A.2    Hein, L.3    Gilsbach, R.4
  • 81
    • 0034725616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A four amino acid deletion polymorphism in the third intracellular loop of the human alpha 2C-adrenergic receptor confers impaired coupling to multiple effectors
    • doi: 10.1074/jbc.M000796200
    • Small, K. M., Forbes, S. L., Rahman, F. F., Bridges, K. M., and Liggett, S. B. (2000). A four amino acid deletion polymorphism in the third intracellular loop of the human alpha 2C-adrenergic receptor confers impaired coupling to multiple effectors. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 23059-23064. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M000796200.
    • (2000) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.275 , pp. 23059-23064
    • Small, K.M.1    Forbes, S.L.2    Rahman, F.F.3    Bridges, K.M.4    Liggett, S.B.5
  • 82
    • 0037057235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic polymorphisms of beta1- and alpha2C-adrenergic receptors and the risk of congestive heart failure
    • doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa020803
    • Small, K. M., Wagoner, L. E., Levin, A. M., Kardia, S. L., and Liggett, S. B. (2002). Synergistic polymorphisms of beta1- and alpha2C-adrenergic receptors and the risk of congestive heart failure. N. Engl. J. Med. 347, 1135-1142. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa020803.
    • (2002) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.347 , pp. 1135-1142
    • Small, K.M.1    Wagoner, L.E.2    Levin, A.M.3    Kardia, S.L.4    Liggett, S.B.5
  • 83
    • 1942484878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of neurovascular compression to central sympathetic discharge and essential hypertension
    • doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2003.11.047
    • Smith, P. A., Meaney, J. F., Graham, L. N., Stoker, J. B., Mackintosh, A. F., Mary, D. A., et al. (2004). Relationship of neurovascular compression to central sympathetic discharge and essential hypertension. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 43, 1453-1458. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2003.11.047.
    • (2004) J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. , vol.43 , pp. 1453-1458
    • Smith, P.A.1    Meaney, J.F.2    Graham, L.N.3    Stoker, J.B.4    Mackintosh, A.F.5    Mary, D.A.6
  • 84
    • 0037117654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of sustained-release moxonidine, an imidazoline agonist, on plasma norepinephrine in patients with chronic heart failure
    • doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000014212.04920.62
    • Swedberg, K., Bristow, M. R., Cohn, J. N., Dargie, H., Straub, M., Wiltse, C., et al. (2002). Effects of sustained-release moxonidine, an imidazoline agonist, on plasma norepinephrine in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation 105, 1797-1803. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000014212.04920.62.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.105 , pp. 1797-1803
    • Swedberg, K.1    Bristow, M.R.2    Cohn, J.N.3    Dargie, H.4    Straub, M.5    Wiltse, C.6
  • 85
    • 0035985292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subtype-specific neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells transfected with alpha2-adrenergic receptors
    • doi: 10.1078/0171-9335-00250
    • Taraviras, S., Olli-Lahdesmaki, T., Lymperopoulos, A., Charitonidou, D., Mavroidis, M., Kallio, J., et al. (2002). Subtype-specific neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells transfected with alpha2-adrenergic receptors. Eur. J. Cell Biol. 81, 363-374. doi: 10.1078/0171-9335-00250.
    • (2002) Eur. J. Cell Biol. , vol.81 , pp. 363-374
    • Taraviras, S.1    Olli-Lahdesmaki, T.2    Lymperopoulos, A.3    Charitonidou, D.4    Mavroidis, M.5    Kallio, J.6
  • 86
    • 0034830533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of catecholamine release by endogenous adenosine in the rat adrenal medulla
    • doi: 10.1007/BF02255947
    • Tseng, C. J., Chan, J. Y., Lo, W. C., and Jan, C. R. (2001). Modulation of catecholamine release by endogenous adenosine in the rat adrenal medulla. J. Biomed. Sci. 8, 389-394. doi: 10.1007/BF02255947.
    • (2001) J. Biomed. Sci. , vol.8 , pp. 389-394
    • Tseng, C.J.1    Chan, J.Y.2    Lo, W.C.3    Jan, C.R.4
  • 87
    • 27644433164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 mediates endothelin-1-induced insulin resistance via the inhibition of both Galphaq/11 and insulin receptor substrate-1 pathways in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
    • doi: 10.1210/me.2004-0429
    • Usui, I., Imamura, T., Babendure, J. L., Satoh, H., Lu, J. C., Hupfeld, C. J., et al. (2005). G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 mediates endothelin-1-induced insulin resistance via the inhibition of both Galphaq/11 and insulin receptor substrate-1 pathways in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Mol. Endocrinol. 19, 2760-2768. doi: 10.1210/me.2004-0429.
    • (2005) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.19 , pp. 2760-2768
    • Usui, I.1    Imamura, T.2    Babendure, J.L.3    Satoh, H.4    Lu, J.C.5    Hupfeld, C.J.6
  • 88
    • 84878319775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RAAS inhibitors and cardiovascular protection in large scale trials
    • doi: 10.1007/s10557-012-6424-y
    • Von Lueder, T. G., and Krum, H. (2013). RAAS inhibitors and cardiovascular protection in large scale trials. Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther. 27, 171-179. doi: 10.1007/s10557-012-6424-y.
    • (2013) Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther. , vol.27 , pp. 171-179
    • Von Lueder, T.G.1    Krum, H.2
  • 89
    • 0036588250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histamine promotes excitability in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells by inhibiting an M-current
    • doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2001.013370
    • Wallace, D. J., Chen, C., and Marley, P. D. (2002). Histamine promotes excitability in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells by inhibiting an M-current. J. Physiol. 540, 921-939. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2001.013370.
    • (2002) J. Physiol. , vol.540 , pp. 921-939
    • Wallace, D.J.1    Chen, C.2    Marley, P.D.3
  • 90
    • 0019196088 scopus 로고
    • Adrenal medulla denervation prevents stress-induced epinephrine plasma elevation and cardiac hypertrophy
    • doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(80)90513-5
    • Womble, J. R., Larson, D. F., Copeland, J. G., Brown, B. R., Haddox, M. K., and Russell, D. H. (1980). Adrenal medulla denervation prevents stress-induced epinephrine plasma elevation and cardiac hypertrophy. Life Sci. 27, 2417-2420. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(80)90513-5.
    • (1980) Life Sci. , vol.27 , pp. 2417-2420
    • Womble, J.R.1    Larson, D.F.2    Copeland, J.G.3    Brown, B.R.4    Haddox, M.K.5    Russell, D.H.6
  • 91
    • 1542298937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholine-induced calcium signalling in adrenaline- and noradrenaline-containing adrenal chromaffin cells
    • doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2004.01.012
    • Zaika, O. L., Pochynyuk, O. M., Kostyuk, P. G., Yavorskaya, E. N., and Lukyanetz, E. A. (2004). Acetylcholine-induced calcium signalling in adrenaline- and noradrenaline-containing adrenal chromaffin cells. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 424, 23-32. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2004.01.012.
    • (2004) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , vol.424 , pp. 23-32
    • Zaika, O.L.1    Pochynyuk, O.M.2    Kostyuk, P.G.3    Yavorskaya, E.N.4    Lukyanetz, E.A.5
  • 92
    • 77957280335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative cardiac gene delivery of adeno-associated virus serotypes 1-9 reveals that AAV6 mediates the most efficient transduction in mouse heart
    • doi: 10.1111/j.1752-8062.2010.00190.x
    • Zincarelli, C., Soltys, S., Rengo, G., Koch, W. J., and Rabinowitz, J. E. (2010). Comparative cardiac gene delivery of adeno-associated virus serotypes 1-9 reveals that AAV6 mediates the most efficient transduction in mouse heart. Clin. Transl. Sci. 3, 81-89. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-8062.2010.00190.x.
    • (2010) Clin. Transl. Sci. , vol.3 , pp. 81-89
    • Zincarelli, C.1    Soltys, S.2    Rengo, G.3    Koch, W.J.4    Rabinowitz, J.E.5
  • 93
    • 44349170706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of AAV serotypes 1-9 mediated gene expression and tropism in mice after systemic injection
    • doi: 10.1038/mt.2008.76
    • Zincarelli, C., Soltys, S., Rengo, G., and Rabinowitz, J. E. (2008). Analysis of AAV serotypes 1-9 mediated gene expression and tropism in mice after systemic injection. Mol. Ther. 16, 1073-1080. doi: 10.1038/mt.2008.76.
    • (2008) Mol. Ther. , vol.16 , pp. 1073-1080
    • Zincarelli, C.1    Soltys, S.2    Rengo, G.3    Rabinowitz, J.E.4
  • 94
    • 0033609028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of endothelin-1, endothelin-converting enzyme, and endothelin receptors in chronic heart failure
    • doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.99.16.2118
    • Zolk, O., Quattek, J., Sitzler, G., Schrader, T., Nickenig, G., Schnabel, P., et al. (1999). Expression of endothelin-1, endothelin-converting enzyme, and endothelin receptors in chronic heart failure. Circulation 99, 2118-2123. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.99.16.2118.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.99 , pp. 2118-2123
    • Zolk, O.1    Quattek, J.2    Sitzler, G.3    Schrader, T.4    Nickenig, G.5    Schnabel, P.6
  • 95
    • 34047210166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pattern of activation of the sympathetic nervous system during tilt-induced syncope
    • doi: 10.1093/europace/eum027
    • Zysko, D., Gajek, J., Sciborski, R., Smereka, J., Checinski, I., and Mazurek, W. (2007). The pattern of activation of the sympathetic nervous system during tilt-induced syncope. Europace 9, 225-227. doi: 10.1093/europace/eum027.
    • (2007) Europace , vol.9 , pp. 225-227
    • Zysko, D.1    Gajek, J.2    Sciborski, R.3    Smereka, J.4    Checinski, I.5    Mazurek, W.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.