The interaction of MYC with the trithorax protein ASH2L promotes gene transcription by regulating H3K27 modification

Nucleic Acids Research

Volumn 42, Issue 11, 2014, Pages 6901-6920

  Ullius, Andrea ^a   Lüscher Firzlaff, Juliane ^a   Costa, Ivan G ^a   Walsemann, Gesa ^a   Forst, Alexandra H ^a   Gusmao, Eduardo G ^a   Kapelle, Karsten ^a   Kleine, Henning ^a   Kremmer, Elisabeth ^b   Vervoorts, Jörg ^a   Lüscher, Bernhard ^a  

^a RWTH AACHEN UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^b INSTITUTE OF EPIDEMIOLOGY   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ASH2L PROTEIN; CYCLIN D2; HISTONE ACETYLTRANSFERASE PCAF; HISTONE H3; HISTONE H3 LYSINE 27; METHYLTRANSFERASE; MLL2 PROTEIN; MYC PROTEIN; NUCLEOLIN; ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE; RBBP5 PROTEIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; WDR5 PROTEIN;

AMINO TERMINAL SEQUENCE; ARTICLE; CARBOXY TERMINAL SEQUENCE; CCND2 GENE; CELL CYCLE G1 PHASE; CHROMATIN; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMETHYLATION; ENZYME ACTIVITY; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENETIC ASSOCIATION; GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION; HISTONE ACETYLATION; HISTONE MODIFICATION; IN VITRO STUDY; NCL GENE; ODC GENE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; PROTEIN BINDING; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; PROTEIN METHYLATION; PROTEIN PROTEIN INTERACTION;

CELL LINE; DNA-BINDING PROTEINS; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; HISTONE-LYSINE N-METHYLTRANSFERASE; HISTONES; HUMANS; METHYLATION; NUCLEAR PROTEINS; PROMOTER REGIONS, GENETIC; PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-MYC; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; TRANSCRIPTION, GENETIC;

EID: 84903214362     PISSN: 03051048     EISSN: 13624962     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku312     Document Type: Article

References (116)

1. Eilers, M. and Eisenman, R.N. (2008) Myc's broad reach. Genes Dev., 22, 2755-2766.
2. Herkert, B. and Eilers, M. (2010) Transcriptional repression: the dark side of myc. Genes Cancer, 1, 580-586.
3. Luscher, B. and Vervoorts, J. (2012) Regulation of gene transcription by the oncoprotein MYC. Gene, 494, 145-160.
4. Meyer, N. and Penn, L.Z. (2008) Reflecting on 25 years with MYC. Nat. Rev. Cancer, 8, 976-990.
5. McMahon, S.B., Van Buskirk, H.A., Dugan, K.A., Copeland, T.D. and Cole, M.D. (1998) The novel ATM-related protein TRRAP is an essential cofactor for the c-Myc and E2F oncoproteins. Cell, 94, 363-374.
6. Bouchard, C., Dittrich, O., Kiermaier, A., Dohmann, K., Menkel, A., Eilers, M. and Luscher, B. (2001) Regulation of cyclin D2 gene expression by the Myc/Max/Mad network: Myc-dependent TRRAP recruitment and histone acetylation at the cyclin D2 promoter. Genes Dev., 15, 2042-2047.
7. Frank, S.R., Schroeder, M., Fernandez, P., Taubert, S. and Amati, B. (2001) Binding of c-Myc to chromatin mediates mitogen-induced acetylation of histone H4 and gene activation. Genes Dev., 15, 2069-2082.
8. Vervoorts, J., Luscher-Firzlaff, J.M., Rottmann, S., Lilischkis, R., Walsemann, G., Dohmann, K., Austen, M. and Luscher, B. (2003) Stimulation of c-MYC transcriptional activity and acetylation by recruitment of the cofactor CBP. EMBO Rep., 4, 484-490.
9. Eberhardy, S.R. and Farnham, P.J. (2002) Myc recruits P-TEFb to mediate the final step in the transcriptional activation of the cad promoter. J. Biol. Chem., 277, 40156-40162.
10. Gargano, B., Amente, S., Majello, B. and Lania, L. (2007) P-TEFb is a crucial co-factor for Myc transactivation. Cell Cycle, 6, 2031-2037.
11. Bres, V., Yoh, S.M. and Jones, K.A. (2008) The multi-tasking P-TEFb complex. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol., 20, 334-340.
12. Liu, X., Vorontchikhina, M., Wang, Y.L., Faiola, F. and Martinez, E. (2008) STAGA recruits Mediator to the MYC oncoprotein to stimulate transcription and cell proliferation. Mol. Cell Biol., 28, 108-121.
13. Cowling, V.H. and Cole, M.D. (2007) The Myc transactivation domain promotes global phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II carboxy-terminal domain independently of direct DNA binding. Mol. Cell Biol., 27, 2059-2073.
14. Zentner, G.E. and Henikoff, S. (2013) Regulation of nucleosome dynamics by histone modifications. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol., 20, 259-266.
15. Luger, K., Dechassa, M.L. and Tremethick, D.J. (2012) New insights into nucleosome and chromatin structure: an ordered state or a disordered affair?Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol., 13, 436-447.
16. Struhl, K. and Segal, E. (2013) Determinants of nucleosome positioning. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol., 20, 267-273.
17. Voigt, P., Tee, W.W. and Reinberg, D. (2013) A double take on bivalent promoters. Genes Dev., 27, 1318-1338.
18. Allis, C.D., Berger, S.L., Cote, J., Dent, S., Jenuwien, T., Kouzarides, T., Pillus, L., Reinberg, D., Shi, Y., Shiekhattar, R. et al. (2007) New nomenclature for chromatin-modifying enzymes. Cell, 131, 633-636.
19. Shilatifard, A. (2012) The COMPASS family of histone H3K4 methylases: mechanisms of regulation in development and disease pathogenesis. Annu. Rev. Biochem., 81, 65-95.
20. Ringrose, L. and Paro, R. (2004) Epigenetic regulation of cellular memory by the Polycomb and Trithorax group proteins. Annu. Rev. Genet., 38, 413-443.
21. van Nuland, R., Smits, A.H., Pallaki, P., Jansen, P.W., Vermeulen, M. and Timmers, H.T. (2013) Quantitative dissection and stoichiometry determination of the human SET1/MLL histone methyltransferase complexes. Mol. Cell Biol., 33, 2067-2077.
22. Takahashi, Y.H., Westfield, G.H., Oleskie, A.N., Trievel, R.C., Shilatifard, A. and Skiniotis, G. (2011) Structural analysis of the core COMPASS family of histone H3K4 methylases from yeast to human. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 108, 20526-20531.
23. Patel, A., Dharmarajan, V., Vought, V.E. and Cosgrove, M.S. (2009) On the mechanism of multiple lysine methylation by the human mixed lineage leukemia protein-1 (MLL1) core complex. J. Biol. Chem., 284, 24242-24256.
24. Southall, S.M., Wong, P.S., Odho, Z., Roe, S.M. and Wilson, J.R. (2009) Structural basis for the requirement of additional factors for MLL1 SET domain activity and recognition of epigenetic marks. Mol. Cell, 33, 181-191.
25. Steward, M.M., Lee, J.S., O'Donovan, A., Wyatt, M., Bernstein, B.E. and Shilatifard, A. (2006) Molecular regulation of H3K4 trimethylation by ASH2L, a shared subunit of MLL complexes. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol., 13, 852-854.
26. Dou, Y., Milne, T.A., Ruthenburg, A.J., Lee, S., Lee, J.W., Verdine, G.L., Allis, C.D. and Roeder, R.G. (2006) Regulation of MLL1 H3K4 methyltransferase activity by its core components. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol., 13, 713-719.
27. Vermeulen, M. and Timmers, H.T. (2010) Grasping trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 4. Epigenomics, 2, 395-406.
28. Adamson, A.L. and Shearn, A. (1996) Molecular genetic analysis of Drosophila ash2, a member of the trithorax group required for imaginal disc pattern formation. Genetics, 144, 621-633.
29. LaJeunesse, D. and Shearn, A. (1995) Trans-regulation of thoracic homeotic selector genes of the Antennapedia and bithorax complexes by the trithorax group genes: absent, small, and homeotic discs 1 and 2. Mech. Dev., 53, 123-139.
30. Bulger, M. and Groudine, M. (2011) Functional and mechanistic diversity of distal transcription enhancers. Cell, 144, 327-339.
31. Zentner, G.E. and Scacheri, P.C. (2012) The chromatin fingerprint of gene enhancer elements. J. Biol. Chem., 287, 30888-30896.
32. Ruthenburg, A.J., Allis, C.D. and Wysocka, J. (2007) Methylation of lysine 4 on histone H3: intricacy of writing and reading a single epigenetic mark. Mol. Cell, 25, 15-30.
33. Adelman, K. and Lis, J.T. (2012) Promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II: emerging roles in metazoans.Nat. Rev. Genet., 13, 720-731.
34. Yu, M., Schreek, S., Cerni, C., Schamberger, C., Lesniewicz, K., Poreba, E., Vervoorts, J., Walsemann, G., Grotzinger, J., Kremmer, E. et al. (2005) PARP-10, a novel Myc-interacting protein with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity, inhibits transformation. Oncogene, 24, 1982-1993.
35. Chen, C. and Okayama, H. (1987) High-efficiency transformation of mammalian cells by plasmid DNA. Mol. Cell Biol., 7, 2745-2752.
36. Oelgeschlager, M., Krieg, J., Luscher-Firzlaff, J.M. and Luscher, B. (1995) Casein kinase II phosphorylation site mutations in c-Myb affect DNA binding and transcriptional cooperativity with NF-M. Mol. Cell Biol., 15, 5966-5974.
37. Salghetti, S.E., Kim, S.Y. and Tansey, W.P. (1999) Destruction of Myc by ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis: cancer-associated and transforming mutations stabilize Myc. EMBO J., 18, 717-726.
38. Luscher-Firzlaff, J., Gawlista, I., Vervoorts, J., Kapelle, K., Braunschweig, T., Walsemann, G., Rodgarkia-Schamberger, C., Schuchlautz, H., Dreschers, S., Kremmer, E. et al. (2008) The human trithorax protein hASH2 functions as an oncoprotein. Cancer Res., 68, 749-758.
39. Brummelkamp, T.R., Bernards, R. and Agami, R. (2002) A system for stable expression of short interfering RNAs in mammalian cells. Science, 296, 550-553.
40. Tachibana, M., Sugimoto, K., Fukushima, T. and Shinkai, Y. (2001) Set domain-containing protein, G9a, is a novel lysine-preferring mammalian histone methyltransferase with hyperactivity and specific selectivity to lysines 9 and 27 of histone H3. J. Biol. Chem., 276, 25309-25317.
41. Kitaura, H., Shinshi, M., Uchikoshi, Y., Ono, T., Iguchi-Ariga, S.M. and Ariga, H. (2000) Reciprocal regulation via protein-protein interaction between c-Myc and p21(cip1/waf1/sdi1) in DNA replication and transcription. J. Biol. Chem., 275, 10477-10483.
42. Oelgeschlager, M., Janknecht, R., Krieg, J., Schreek, S. and Luscher, B. (1996) Interaction of the co-activator CBP with Myb proteins: effects on Myb-specific transactivation and on the cooperativity with NF-M. EMBO J., 15, 2771-2780.
43. Krippner-Heidenreich, A., Talanian, R.V., Sekul, R., Kraft, R., Thole, H., Ottleben, H. and Luscher, B. (2001) Targeting of the transcription factor Max during apoptosis: phosphorylation-regulated cleavage by caspase-5 at an unusual glutamic acid residue in position P1. Biochem. J., 358, 705-715.
44. Luscher-Firzlaff, J.M., Westendorf, J.M., Zwicker, J., Burkhardt, H., Henriksson, M., Muller, R., Pirollet, F. and Luscher, B. (1999) Interaction of the fork head domain transcription factor MPP2 with the human papilloma virus 16 E7 protein: enhancement of transformation and transactivation. Oncogene, 18, 5620-5630.
45. Soderberg, O., Leuchowius, K.J., Gullberg, M., Jarvius, M., Weibrecht, I., Larsson, L.G. and Landegren, U. (2008) Characterizing proteins and their interactions in cells and tissues using the in situ proximity ligation assay. Methods, 45, 227-232.
46. Hopkin, A.S., Gordon, W., Klein, R.H., Espitia, F., Daily, K., Zeller, M., Baldi, P. and Andersen, B. (2012) GRHL3/GET1 and trithorax group members collaborate to activate the epidermal progenitor differentiation program. PLoS Genet., 8, e1002829.
47. Li, H. and Durbin, R. (2009) Fast and accurate short read alignment with Burrows-Wheeler transform. Bioinformatics, 25, 1754-1760.
48. Zhang, Y., Liu, T., Meyer, C.A., Eeckhoute, J., Johnson, D.S., Bernstein, B.E., Nusbaum, C., Myers, R.M., Brown, M., Li, W. et al. (2008) Model-based analysis of ChIP-Seq (MACS). Genome Biol., 9, R137.
49. Natoli, G. and Andrau, J.C. (2012) Noncoding transcription at enhancers: general principles and functional models. Annu. Rev. Genet., 46, 1-19.
50. Creyghton, M.P., Cheng, A.W., Welstead, G.G., Kooistra, T., Carey, B.W., Steine, E.J., Hanna, J., Lodato, M.A., Frampton, G.M., Sharp, P.A. et al. (2010) Histone H3K27ac separates active from poised enhancers and predicts developmental state. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 107, 21931-21936.
51. Quinlan, A.R. and Hall, I.M. (2010) BEDTools: a flexible suite of utilities for comparing genomic features. Bioinformatics, 26, 841-842.
52. Wilbanks, E.G. and Facciotti, M.T. (2010) Evaluation of algorithm performance in ChIP-seq peak detection. PLoS One, 5, e11471.
53. Bryne, J.C., Valen, E., Tang, M.H., Marstrand, T., Winther, O., da Piedade, I., Krogh, A., Lenhard, B. and Sandelin, A. (2008) JASPAR, the open access database of transcription factor-binding profiles: new content and tools in the 2008 update. Nucleic Acids Res., 36, D102-D106.
54. Sarvan, S., Avdic, V., Tremblay, V., Chaturvedi, C.P., Zhang, P., Lanouette, S., Blais, A., Brunzelle, J.S., Brand, M. and Couture, J.F. (2011) Crystal structure of the trithorax group protein ASH2L reveals a forkhead-like DNA binding domain. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol., 18, 857-859.
55. Cock, P.J., Antao, T., Chang, J.T., Chapman, B.A., Cox, C.J., Dalke, A., Friedberg, I., Hamelryck, T., Kauff, F., Wilczynski, B. et al. (2009) Biopython: freely available Python tools for computational molecular biology and bioinformatics. Bioinformatics, 25, 1422-1423.
56. Wilczynski, B., Dojer, N., Patelak, M. and Tiuryn, J. (2009) Finding evolutionarily conserved cis-regulatory modules with a universal set of motifs. BMC Bioinformatics, 10, 82.
57. Kleine, H., Poreba, E., Lesniewicz, K., Hassa, P.O., Hottiger, M.O., Litchfield, D.W., Shilton, B.H. and Luscher, B. (2008) Substrate-assisted catalysis by PARP10 limits its activity to mono-ADP-ribosylation. Mol. Cell, 32, 57-69.
58. Suva, M.L., Riggi, N. and Bernstein, B.E. (2013) Epigenetic reprogramming in cancer. Science, 339, 1567-1570.
59. Krivtsov, A.V. and Armstrong, S.A. (2007) MLL translocations, histone modifications and leukaemia stem-cell development. Nat. Rev. Cancer, 7, 823-833.
60. Magerl, C., Ellinger, J., Braunschweig, T., Kremmer, E., Koch, L.K., Holler, T., Buttner, R., Luscher, B. and Gutgemann, I. (2010) H3K4 dimethylation in hepatocellular carcinoma is rare compared with other hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal carcinomas and correlates with expression of the methylase Ash2 and the demethylase LSD1. Hum. Pathol., 41, 181-189.
61. Fredriksson, S., Gullberg, M., Jarvius, J., Olsson, C., Pietras, K., Gustafsdottir, S.M., Ostman, A. and Landegren, U. (2002) Protein detection using proximity-dependent DNA ligation assays. Nat. Biotechnol., 20, 473-477.
62. Hughes, C.M., Rozenblatt-Rosen, O., Milne, T.A., Copeland, T.D., Levine, S.S., Lee, J.C., Hayes, D.N., Shanmugam, K.S., Bhattacharjee, A., Biondi, C.A. et al. (2004) Menin associates with a trithorax family histone methyltransferase complex and with the hoxc8 locus. Mol.Cell, 13, 587-597.
63. Guccione, E., Bassi, C., Casadio, F., Martinato, F., Cesaroni, M., Schuchlautz, H., Luscher, B. and Amati, B. (2007) Methylation of histone H3R2 by PRMT6 and H3K4 by an MLL complex are mutually exclusive. Nature, 449, 933-937.
64. Austen, M., Cerni, C., Luscher-Firzlaff, J.M. and Luscher, B. (1998) YY1 can inhibit c-Myc function through a mechanism requiring DNA binding of YY1 but neither its transactivation domain nor direct interaction with c-Myc. Oncogene, 17, 511-520.
65. Pajic, A., Spitkovsky, D., Christoph, B., Kempkes, B., Schuhmacher, M., Staege, M.S., Brielmeier, M., Ellwart, J., Kohlhuber, F., Bornkamm, G.W. et al. (2000) Cell cycle activation by c-myc in a burkitt lymphoma model cell line. Int. J. Cancer, 87, 787-793.
66. Schuhmacher, M., Kohlhuber, F., Holzel, M., Kaiser, C., Burtscher, H., Jarsch, M., Bornkamm, G.W., Laux, G., Polack, A., Weidle, U.H. et al. (2001) The transcriptional program of a human B cell line in response to Myc. Nucleic Acids Res., 29, 397-406.
67. Perez-Roger, I., Kim, S.H., Griffiths, B., Sewing, A. and Land, H. (1999) Cyclins D1 and D2 mediate myc-induced proliferation via sequestration of p27(Kip1) and p21(Cip1). EMBO J., 18, 5310-5320.
68. Bouchard, C., Thieke, K., Maier, A., Saffrich, R., Hanley-Hyde, J., Ansorge, W., Reed, S., Sicinski, P., Bartek, J. and Eilers, M. (1999) Direct induction of cyclin D2 by Myc contributes to cell cycle progression and sequestration of p27. EMBO J., 18, 5321-5333.
69. Bello-Fernandez, C., Packham, G. and Cleveland, J.L. (1993) The ornithine decarboxylase gene is a transcriptional target of c-Myc. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 90, 7804-7808.
70. Coller, H.A., Grandori, C., Tamayo, P., Colbert, T., Lander, E.S., Eisenman, R.N. and Golub, T.R. (2000) Expression analysis with oligonucleotide microarrays reveals that MYC regulates genes involved in growth, cell cycle, signaling, and adhesion. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 97, 3260-3265.
71. Greasley, P.J., Bonnard, C. and Amati, B. (2000) Myc induces the nucleolin and BN51 genes: possible implications in ribosome biogenesis. Nucleic Acids Res., 28, 446-453.
72. Pietersen, A.M. and van Lohuizen, M. (2008) Stem cell regulation by polycomb repressors: postponing commitment. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol., 20, 201-207.
73. Pasini, D., Malatesta, M., Jung, H.R., Walfridsson, J., Willer, A., Olsson, L., Skotte, J., Wutz, A., Porse, B., Jensen, O.N. et al. (2010) Characterization of an antagonistic switch between histone H3 lysine 27 methylation and acetylation in the transcriptional regulation of Polycomb group target genes. Nucleic Acids Res., 38, 4958-4969.
74. Bedford, D.C., Kasper, L.H., Fukuyama, T. and Brindle, P.K. (2010) Target gene context influences the transcriptional requirement for the KAT3 family of CBP and p300 histone acetyltransferases. Epigenetics, 5, 9-15.
75. Guccione, E., Martinato, F., Finocchiaro, G., Luzi, L., Tizzoni, L., Dall' Olio, V., Zardo, G., Nervi, C., Bernard, L. and Amati, B. (2006) Myc-binding-site recognition in the human genome is determined by chromatin context.Nat. Cell Biol., 8, 764-770.
76. Dunham, I., Kundaje, A., Aldred, S.F., Collins, P.J., Davis, C.A., Doyle, F., Epstein, C.B., Frietze, S., Harrow, J., Kaul, R. et al. (2012) An integrated encyclopedia of DNA elements in the human genome. Nature, 489, 57-74.
77. Simon, J.A. and Kingston, R.E. (2013) Occupying chromatin: Polycomb mechanisms for getting to genomic targets, stopping transcriptional traffic, and staying put. Mol. Cell, 49, 808-824.
78. Bernstein, B.E., Kamal, M., Lindblad-Toh, K., Bekiranov, S., Bailey, D.K., Huebert, D.J., McMahon, S., Karlsson, E.K., Kulbokas, E.J. 3rd, Gingeras, T.R. et al. (2005) Genomic maps and comparative analysis of histone modifications in human and mouse. Cell, 120, 169-181.
79. Kim, T.H., Barrera, L.O., Zheng, M., Qu, C., Singer, M.A., Richmond, T.A., Wu, Y., Green, R.D. and Ren, B. (2005) A high-resolution map of active promoters in the human genome. Nature, 436, 876-880.
80. Aiden, A.P., Rivera, M.N., Rheinbay, E., Ku, M., Coffman, E.J., Truong, T.T., Vargas, S.O., Lander, E.S., Haber, D.A. and Bernstein, B.E. (2010) Wilms tumor chromatin profiles highlight stem cell properties and a renal developmental network. Cell Stem Cell, 6, 591-602.
81. Bapat, S.A., Jin, V., Berry, N., Balch, C., Sharma, N., Kurrey, N., Zhang, S., Fang, F., Lan, X., Li, M. et al. (2010) Multivalent epigenetic marks confer microenvironment-responsive epigenetic plasticity to ovarian cancer cells. Epigenetics, 5, 716-729.
82. Chapman-Rothe, N., Curry, E., Zeller, C., Liber, D., Stronach, E., Gabra, H., Ghaem-Maghami, S. and Brown, R. (2013) Chromatin H3K27me3/H3K4me3 histone marks define gene sets in high-grade serous ovarian cancer that distinguish malignant, tumour-sustaining and chemo-resistant ovarian tumour cells. Oncogene, 32, 4586-4592.
83. Rodriguez, J., Munoz, M., Vives, L., Frangou, C.G., Groudine, M. and Peinado, M.A. (2008) Bivalent domains enforce transcriptional memory of DNA methylated genes in cancer cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 105, 19809-19814.
84. Agger, K., Cloos, P.A., Christensen, J., Pasini, D., Rose, S., Rappsilber, J., Issaeva, I., Canaani, E., Salcini, A.E. and Helin, K. (2007) UTX and JMJD3 are histone H3K27 demethylases involved in HOX gene regulation and development. Nature, 449, 731-734.
85. Lee, M.G., Villa, R., Trojer, P., Norman, J., Yan, K.P., Reinberg, D., Di Croce, L. and Shiekhattar, R. (2007) Demethylation of H3K27 regulates polycomb recruitment and H2A ubiquitination. Science, 318, 447-450.
86. Cho, Y.W., Hong, T., Hong, S., Guo, H., Yu, H., Kim, D., Guszczynski, T., Dressler, G.R., Copeland, T.D., Kalkum, M. et al. (2007) PTIP associates with MLL3-and MLL4-containing histone H3 lysine 4 methyltransferase complex. J. Biol. Chem., 282, 20395-20406.
87. Tie, F., Banerjee, R., Stratton, C.A., Prasad-Sinha, J., Stepanik, V., Zlobin, A., Diaz, M.O., Scacheri, P.C. and Harte, P.J. (2009) CBP-mediated acetylation of histone H3 lysine 27 antagonizes Drosophila Polycomb silencing. Development, 136, 3131-3141.
88. Lin, C.Y., Loven, J., Rahl, P.B., Paranal, R.M., Burge, C.B., Bradner, J.E., Lee, T.I. and Young, R.A. (2012) Transcriptional amplification in tumor cells with elevated c-Myc. Cell, 151, 56-67.
89. Nie, Z., Hu, G., Wei, G., Cui, K., Yamane, A., Resch, W., Wang, R., Green, D.R., Tessarollo, L., Casellas, R. et al. (2012) c-Myc is a universal amplifier of expressed genes in lymphocytes and embryonic stem cells. Cell, 151, 68-79.
90. Tang, Z., Chen, W.Y., Shimada, M., Nguyen, U.T., Kim, J., Sun, X.J., Sengoku, T., McGinty, R.K., Fernandez, J.P., Muir, T.W. et al. (2013) SET1 and p300 act synergistically, through coupled histone modifications, in transcriptional activation by p53. Cell, 154, 297-310.
91. Chase, A. and Cross, N.C. (2011) Aberrations of EZH2 in cancer. Clin. Cancer Res., 17, 2613-2618.
92. Deb, G., Thakur, V.S. and Gupta, S. (2013) Multifaceted role of EZH2 in breast and prostate tumorigenesis: epigenetics and beyond. Epigenetics, 8, 464-476.
93. Meyer, C., Hofmann, J., Burmeister, T., Groger, D., Park, T.S., Emerenciano, M., Pombo de Oliveira, M., Renneville, A., Villarese, P., Macintyre, E. et al. (2013) The MLL recombinome of acute leukemias in 2013. Leukemia, 27, 2165-2176.
94. Slany, R.K. (2009) The molecular biology of mixed lineage leukemia. Haematologica, 94, 984-993.
95. Wang, F., Marshall, C.B. and Ikura, M. (2013) Transcriptional/epigenetic regulator CBP/p300 in tumorigenesis: structural and functional versatility in target recognition. Cell Mol. Life Sci., 70, 3989-4008.
96. Iyer, N.G., Ozdag, H. and Caldas, C. (2004) p300/CBP and cancer. Oncogene, 23, 4225-4231.
97. Fossati, A., Dolfini, D., Donati, G. and Mantovani, R. (2011) NF-Y recruits Ash2L to impart H3K4 trimethylation on CCAAT promoters. PLoS One, 6, e17220.
98. Demers, C., Chaturvedi, C.P., Ranish, J.A., Juban, G., Lai, P., Morle, F., Aebersold, R., Dilworth, F.J., Groudine, M. and Brand, M. (2007) Activator-mediated recruitment of the MLL2 methyltransferase complex to the beta-globin locus. Mol. Cell, 27, 573-584.
99. Kim, A., Song, S.H., Brand, M. and Dean, A. (2007) Nucleosome and transcription activator antagonism at human beta-globin locus control region DNase I hypersensitive sites. Nucleic Acids Res., 35, 5831-5838.
100. Aziz, A., Liu, Q.C. and Dilworth, F.J. (2010) Regulating a master regulator: establishing tissue-specific gene expression in skeletal muscle. Epigenetics, 5, 691-695.
101. Rampalli, S., Li, L., Mak, E., Ge, K., Brand, M., Tapscott, S.J. and Dilworth, F.J. (2007) p38 MAPK signaling regulates recruitment of Ash2L-containing methyltransferase complexes to specific genes during differentiation. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol., 14, 1150-1156.
102. Sebastian, S., Faralli, H., Yao, Z., Rakopoulos, P., Palii, C., Cao, Y., Singh, K., Liu, Q.C., Chu, A., Aziz, A. et al. (2013) Tissue-specific splicing of a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor is essential for muscle differentiation. Genes Dev., 27, 1247-1259.
103. Stoller, J.Z., Huang, L., Tan, C.C., Huang, F., Zhou, D.D., Yang, J., Gelb, B.D. and Epstein, J.A. (2010) Ash2l interacts with Tbx1 and is required during early embryogenesis. Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood), 235, 569-576.
104. Tan, C.C., Sindhu, K.V., Li, S., Nishio, H., Stoller, J.Z., Oishi, K., Puttreddy, S., Lee, T.J., Epstein, J.A., Walsh, M.J. et al. (2008) Transcription factor Ap2delta associates with Ash2l and ALR, a trithorax family histone methyltransferase, to activate Hoxc8 transcription. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 105, 7472-7477.
105. Tan, C.C., Walsh, M.J. and Gelb, B.D. (2009) Fgfr3 is a transcriptional target of Ap2delta and Ash2l-containing histone methyltransferase complexes. PLoS One, 4, e8535.
106. Kawabe, Y., Wang, Y.X., McKinnell, I.W., Bedford, M.T. and Rudnicki, M.A. (2012) Carm1 regulates Pax7 transcriptional activity through MLL1/2 recruitment during asymmetric satellite stem cell divisions. Cell Stem Cell, 11, 333-345.
107. McKinnell, I.W., Ishibashi, J., Le Grand, F., Punch, V.G., Addicks, G.C., Greenblatt, J.F., Dilworth, F.J. and Rudnicki, M.A. (2008) Pax7 activates myogenic genes by recruitment of a histone methyltransferase complex.Nat. Cell Biol., 10, 77-84.
108. Han, Z., Guo, L., Wang, H., Shen, Y., Deng, X.W. and Chai, J. (2006) Structural basis for the specific recognition of methylated histone H3 lysine 4 by the WD-40 protein WDR5. Mol. Cell, 22, 137-144.
109. Ruthenburg, A.J., Wang, W., Graybosch, D.M., Li, H., Allis, C.D., Patel, D.J. and Verdine, G.L. (2006) Histone H3 recognition and presentation by the WDR5 module of the MLL1 complex. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol., 13, 704-712.
110. Schuetz, A., Allali-Hassani, A., Martin, F., Loppnau, P., Vedadi, M., Bochkarev, A., Plotnikov, A.N., Arrowsmith, C.H. and Min, J. (2006) Structural basis for molecular recognition and presentation of histone H3 by WDR5. EMBO J., 25, 4245-4252.
111. Couture, J.F., Collazo, E. and Trievel, R.C. (2006) Molecular recognition of histone H3 by the WD40 protein WDR5. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol., 13, 698-703.
112. Wysocka, J., Swigut, T., Milne, T.A., Dou, Y., Zhang, X., Burlingame, A.L., Roeder, R.G., Brivanlou, A.H. and Allis, C.D. (2005) WDR5 associates with histone H3 methylated at K4 and is essential for H3 K4 methylation and vertebrate development. Cell, 121, 859-872.
113. Wang, Z., Song, J., Milne, T.A., Wang, G.G., Li, H., Allis, C.D. and Patel, D.J. (2010) Pro isomerization in MLL1 PHD3-bromo cassette connects H3K4me readout to CyP33 and HDAC-mediated repression. Cell, 141, 1183-1194.
114. Chen, Y., Wan, B., Wang, K.C., Cao, F., Yang, Y., Protacio, A., Dou, Y., Chang, H.Y. and Lei, M. (2011) Crystal structure of the N-terminal region of human Ash2L shows a winged-helix motif involved in DNA binding. EMBO Rep., 12, 797-803.
115. Ikegawa, S., Isomura, M., Koshizuka, Y. and Nakamura, Y. (1999) Cloning and characterization of ASH2L and Ash2l, human and mouse homologs of the Drosophila ash2 gene. Cytogenet. Cell Genet., 84, 167-172.
116. Chen, Y., Cao, F., Wan, B., Dou, Y. and Lei, M. (2012) Structure of the SPRY domain of human Ash2L and its interactions with RbBP5 and DPY30. Cell Res., 22, 598-602.