메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue SEP, 2013, Pages

Effects of early language, speech, and cognition on later reading: A mediation analysis

Author keywords

Cognition; Comprehension; Language; Mediation; Preschool; Reading; Speech; Vocabulary

Indexed keywords


EID: 84885344925     PISSN: None     EISSN: 16641078     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00586     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (31)

References (59)
  • 1
    • 0033190635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation between language and theory-of-mind development
    • doi:10.1037/0012-1649.35.5.1311
    • Astington, J. W., and Jenkins, J. M. (1999). Relation between language and theory-of-mind development. Dev. Psychol. 35, 1311-1320. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.35.5.1311.
    • (1999) Dev. Psychol. , vol.35 , pp. 1311-1320
    • Astington, J.W.1    Jenkins, J.M.2
  • 2
    • 0023020183 scopus 로고
    • The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research:conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations
    • doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
    • Baron, R. M., and Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research:conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 51, 1173-1182. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173.
    • (1986) J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. , vol.51 , pp. 1173-1182
    • Baron, R.M.1    Kenny, D.A.2
  • 3
    • 0025602128 scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of the relationship between specific language impairment, phonological disorders and reading retardation
    • doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1990.tb00844.x
    • Bishop, D. V. M., and Adams, C. (1990). A prospective study of the relationship between specific language impairment, phonological disorders and reading retardation. J. Child. Psychol. Psychiatry. 31, 1027-1050. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1990.tb00844.x.
    • (1990) J. Child. Psychol. Psychiatry. , vol.31 , pp. 1027-1050
    • Bishop, D.V.M.1    Adams, C.2
  • 4
    • 0035430237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does language shape thought?. Mandarin and English speakers' conceptions of time
    • doi:10.1006/cogp.2001.0748
    • Boroditsky, L. (2001). Does language shape thought? Mandarin and English speakers' conceptions of time. Cogn. Psychol. 43, 1-22. doi:10.1006/cogp.2001.0748.
    • (2001) Cogn. Psychol. , vol.43 , pp. 1-22
    • Boroditsky, L.1
  • 5
    • 80052212719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Matthew effects in young readers:reading comprehension and reading experience aid vocabulary development
    • doi:10.1177/0022219411410042
    • Cain, K., and Oakhill, J. (2011). Matthew effects in young readers:reading comprehension and reading experience aid vocabulary development. J. Learn. Disabil. 44, 431-443. doi:10.1177/0022219411410042.
    • (2011) J. Learn. Disabil. , vol.44 , pp. 431-443
    • Cain, K.1    Oakhill, J.2
  • 6
    • 34548551211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A performance curve for assessing change in Percentage of Consonants Correct Revised (PCC-R)
    • doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2007/077)
    • Campbell, T. F., Dollaghan, C., Janosky, J. E., and Adelson, P. D. (2007). A performance curve for assessing change in Percentage of Consonants Correct Revised (PCC-R). J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. 50, 1110. doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2007/077).
    • (2007) J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. , vol.50 , pp. 1110
    • Campbell, T.F.1    Dollaghan, C.2    Janosky, J.E.3    Adelson, P.D.4
  • 7
    • 33644829324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are specific language impairment and dyslexia distinct disorders?
    • doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2005/096)
    • Catts, H. W., Adlof, S. M., Hogan, T. P., and Weismer, S. E. (2005). Are specific language impairment and dyslexia distinct disorders? J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. 48, 1378. doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2005/096).
    • (2005) J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. , vol.48 , pp. 1378
    • Catts, H.W.1    Adlof, S.M.2    Hogan, T.P.3    Weismer, S.E.4
  • 8
    • 33747864547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language deficits in poor comprehenders:a case for the simple view of reading
    • doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2006/023)
    • Catts, H. W., Adlof, S. M., and Weismer, S. E. (2006). Language deficits in poor comprehenders:a case for the simple view of reading. J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. 49, 278-293. doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2006/023).
    • (2006) J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. , vol.49 , pp. 278-293
    • Catts, H.W.1    Adlof, S.M.2    Weismer, S.E.3
  • 9
    • 0036929512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A longitudinal investigation of reading outcomes in children with language impairments
    • doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2002/093)
    • Catts, H. W., Fey, M. E., Tomblin, J. B., and Zhang, X. (2002). A longitudinal investigation of reading outcomes in children with language impairments. J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. 45, 1142-57. doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2002/093).
    • (2002) J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. , vol.45 , pp. 1142-57
    • Catts, H.W.1    Fey, M.E.2    Tomblin, J.B.3    Zhang, X.4
  • 10
    • 84937189208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language basis of reading and reading disabilities:evidence from a longitudinal investigation
    • doi:10.1207/s1532799xssr0304_2
    • Catts, H. W., Fey, M. E., Zhang, X., and Tomblin, J. (1999). Language basis of reading and reading disabilities:evidence from a longitudinal investigation. Sci. Stud. Read. 3, 331-361. doi:10.1207/s1532799xssr0304_2.
    • (1999) Sci. Stud. Read. , vol.3 , pp. 331-361
    • Catts, H.W.1    Fey, M.E.2    Zhang, X.3    Tomblin, J.4
  • 12
    • 84885338865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing the effectiveness of two reading intervention programs for children with reading disabilities
    • doi:10.1891/194589508787381836
    • Das, J., Hayward, V., Georgiou, G. K., Janzen, T., and Boora, N. (2008). Comparing the effectiveness of two reading intervention programs for children with reading disabilities. J. Cogn. Educ. Psychol. 7, 199-222. doi:10.1891/194589508787381836.
    • (2008) J. Cogn. Educ. Psychol. , vol.7 , pp. 199-222
    • Das, J.1    Hayward, V.2    Georgiou, G.K.3    Janzen, T.4    Boora, N.5
  • 15
    • 36348967785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal models of developmental dynamics between reading and cognition from childhood to adolescence
    • doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.6.1460
    • Ferrer, E., McArdle, J. J., Shaywitz, B. A., Holahan, J. M., Marchione, K., and Shaywitz, S. E. (2007). Longitudinal models of developmental dynamics between reading and cognition from childhood to adolescence. Dev. Psychol. 43, 1460. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.6.1460.
    • (2007) Dev. Psychol. , vol.43 , pp. 1460
    • Ferrer, E.1    McArdle, J.J.2    Shaywitz, B.A.3    Holahan, J.M.4    Marchione, K.5    Shaywitz, S.E.6
  • 16
    • 77951272415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uncoupling of reading and IQ over time empirical evidence for a definition of dyslexia
    • doi:10.1177/0956797609354084
    • Ferrer, E., Shaywitz, B. A., Holahan, J. M., Marchione, K., and Shaywitz, S. E. (2010). Uncoupling of reading and IQ over time empirical evidence for a definition of dyslexia. Psychol. Sci. 21, 93-101. doi:10.1177/0956797609354084.
    • (2010) Psychol. Sci. , vol.21 , pp. 93-101
    • Ferrer, E.1    Shaywitz, B.A.2    Holahan, J.M.3    Marchione, K.4    Shaywitz, S.E.5
  • 18
    • 84858286355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Speech production deficits in early readers:predictors of risk
    • doi:10.1007/s11145-011-9300-4
    • Foy, J. G., and Mann, V. A. (2012). Speech production deficits in early readers:predictors of risk. Read. Writ. 25, 799-830. doi:10.1007/s11145-011-9300-4.
    • (2012) Read. Writ. , vol.25 , pp. 799-830
    • Foy, J.G.1    Mann, V.A.2
  • 19
    • 84937344825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral reading fluency as an indicator of reading competence:a theoretical, empirical, and historical analysis
    • doi:10.1207/S1532799XSSR0503_3
    • Fuchs, L. S., Fuchs, D., Hosp, M. K., and Jenkins, J. R. (2001). Oral reading fluency as an indicator of reading competence:a theoretical, empirical, and historical analysis. Sci. Stud. Read. 5, 239-256. doi:10.1207/S1532799XSSR0503_3.
    • (2001) Sci. Stud. Read. , vol.5 , pp. 239-256
    • Fuchs, L.S.1    Fuchs, D.2    Hosp, M.K.3    Jenkins, J.R.4
  • 21
    • 70949095633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyong baron and kenny:statistical mediation analysis in the new millenium
    • doi:10.1080/03637750903310360
    • Hayes, A. F. (2009). Beyong baron and kenny:statistical mediation analysis in the new millenium. Commun. Monogr. 76, 408-420. doi:10.1080/03637750903310360.
    • (2009) Commun. Monogr. , vol.76 , pp. 408-420
    • Hayes, A.F.1
  • 23
    • 0000053427 scopus 로고
    • The simple view of reading
    • doi:10.1007/BF00401799
    • Hoover, W. A., and Gough, P. B. (1990). The simple view of reading. Read. Writ. 2, 127-160. doi:10.1007/BF00401799.
    • (1990) Read. Writ. , vol.2 , pp. 127-160
    • Hoover, W.A.1    Gough, P.B.2
  • 24
    • 0345149807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sources of individual differences in reading comprehension and reading fluency
    • doi:10.1037/0022-0663.95.4.719
    • Jenkins, J. R., Fuchs, L. S., Van Den Broek, P., Espin, C., and Deno, S. L. (2003). Sources of individual differences in reading comprehension and reading fluency. J. Educ. Psychol. 95:719. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.95.4.719.
    • (2003) J. Educ. Psychol. , vol.95 , pp. 719
    • Jenkins, J.R.1    Fuchs, L.S.2    Van Den Broek, P.3    Espin, C.4    Deno, S.L.5
  • 25
    • 0033039004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fourteen-year follow-up of children with and without speech/language impairments:Speech/language stability and outcomes
    • Johnson, C. J., Beitchman, J. H., Young, A., Escobar, M., Atkinson, L., Wilson, B., et al. (1999). Fourteen-year follow-up of children with and without speech/language impairments:Speech/language stability and outcomes. J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. 42, 744-760.
    • (1999) J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. , vol.42 , pp. 744-760
    • Johnson, C.J.1    Beitchman, J.H.2    Young, A.3    Escobar, M.4    Atkinson, L.5    Wilson, B.6
  • 26
    • 84863782853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental relations between reading fluency and reading comprehension:a longitudinal study from Grade 1 to Grade 2
    • doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2012.03.002
    • Kim, Y. S., Wagner, R. K., and Lopez, D. (2012). Developmental relations between reading fluency and reading comprehension:a longitudinal study from Grade 1 to Grade 2. J. Exp. Child Psychol. 113, 93-111. doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2012.03.002.
    • (2012) J. Exp. Child Psychol. , vol.113 , pp. 93-111
    • Kim, Y.S.1    Wagner, R.K.2    Lopez, D.3
  • 28
    • 33847237284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mediation analysis
    • doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085542
    • MacKinnon, D. P., Fairchild, A. J., and Fritz, M. S. (2007). Mediation analysis. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 58, 593-614. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085542.
    • (2007) Annu. Rev. Psychol. , vol.58 , pp. 593-614
    • MacKinnon, D.P.1    Fairchild, A.J.2    Fritz, M.S.3
  • 29
    • 43449122183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Speed of word recognition and vocabulary knowledge in infancy predict cognitive and language outcomes in later childhood
    • doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2007.00671.x
    • Marchman, V. A., and Fernald, A. (2008). Speed of word recognition and vocabulary knowledge in infancy predict cognitive and language outcomes in later childhood. Dev. Sci. 11, F9-F16. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2007.00671.x.
    • (2008) Dev. Sci. , vol.11
    • Marchman, V.A.1    Fernald, A.2
  • 31
    • 0019575661 scopus 로고
    • The relation between age and mean length of utterance in morphemes
    • Miller, J. F., and Chapman, R. S. (1981). The relation between age and mean length of utterance in morphemes. J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. 24, 154.
    • (1981) J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. , vol.24 , pp. 154
    • Miller, J.F.1    Chapman, R.S.2
  • 32
    • 65249159586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early intervening for students with speech sound disorders lessons from a school district
    • doi:10.1177/1525740108326593
    • Mire, S. P., and Montgomery, J. K. (2009). Early intervening for students with speech sound disorders lessons from a school district. Commun. Disord. Q. 30, 155-166. doi:10.1177/1525740108326593.
    • (2009) Commun. Disord. Q. , vol.30 , pp. 155-166
    • Mire, S.P.1    Montgomery, J.K.2
  • 33
    • 4444324428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phonemes, rimes, vocabulary, and grammatical skills as foundations of early reading development:evidence from a longitudinal study
    • doi:10.1037/0012-1649.40.5.665
    • Muter, V., Hulme, C., Snowling, M. J., and Stevenson, J. (2004). Phonemes, rimes, vocabulary, and grammatical skills as foundations of early reading development:evidence from a longitudinal study. Dev. Psychol. 40, 665-681. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.40.5.665.
    • (2004) Dev. Psychol. , vol.40 , pp. 665-681
    • Muter, V.1    Hulme, C.2    Snowling, M.J.3    Stevenson, J.4
  • 34
    • 71949120799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developing Early Literacy
    • National Center for Family Literacy. Jessup, MD:National Institue for Literacy
    • National Center for Family Literacy. (2008). Developing Early Literacy:Report of the National Early Literacy Panel. Jessup, MD:National Institue for Literacy.
    • (2008) Report of the National Early Literacy Panel
  • 35
    • 15844425591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathways to reading:the role of oral language in the transition to reading
    • NICHD Early Child Care Research Network. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.41.2.428
    • NICHD Early Child Care Research Network. (2005). Pathways to reading:the role of oral language in the transition to reading. Dev. Psychol. 41, 428-442. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.41.2.428.
    • (2005) Dev. Psychol. , vol.41 , pp. 428-442
  • 36
    • 28444478044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tiers of intervention in kindergarten through third grade
    • doi:10.1177/00222194050380060901
    • O'Connor, R. E., Harty, K. R., and Fulmer, D. (2005). Tiers of intervention in kindergarten through third grade. J. Learn. Disabil. 38, 532-538. doi:10.1177/00222194050380060901.
    • (2005) J. Learn. Disabil. , vol.38 , pp. 532-538
    • O'Connor, R.E.1    Harty, K.R.2    Fulmer, D.3
  • 37
    • 84855378112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliteracy speech sound production skill and later literacy outcomes:a study using the templin archive
    • doi:10.1044/0161-1461(2011/10-0064)
    • Overby, M. S., Trainin, G., Smit, A. B., Bernthal, J. E., and Nelson, R. (2012). Preliteracy speech sound production skill and later literacy outcomes:a study using the templin archive. Lang. Speech Hear. Serv. Sch. 43, 97-115. doi:10.1044/0161-1461(2011/10-0064).
    • (2012) Lang. Speech Hear. Serv. Sch. , vol.43 , pp. 97-115
    • Overby, M.S.1    Trainin, G.2    Smit, A.B.3    Bernthal, J.E.4    Nelson, R.5
  • 38
    • 8344251894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kindergarten cognitive intervention for reading difficulties:the PREP remediation in Greek
    • doi:10.1007/BF03173238
    • Papadopoulos, T. C., Charalambous, A., Kanari, A., and Loizou, M. (2004). Kindergarten cognitive intervention for reading difficulties:the PREP remediation in Greek. Eur. J. Psychol. Educ. 19, 79-105. doi:10.1007/BF03173238.
    • (2004) Eur. J. Psychol. Educ. , vol.19 , pp. 79-105
    • Papadopoulos, T.C.1    Charalambous, A.2    Kanari, A.3    Loizou, M.4
  • 39
    • 23444441956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental outcomes after early or delayed insertion of tympanostomy tubes
    • doi:10.1056/NEJMoa050406
    • Paradise, J. L., Campbell, T. F., Dollaghan, C. A., Feldman, H. M., Bernard, B. S., Colborn, D. K., et al. (2005). Developmental outcomes after early or delayed insertion of tympanostomy tubes. N. Engl. J. Med. 353, 576-586. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa050406.
    • (2005) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.353 , pp. 576-586
    • Paradise, J.L.1    Campbell, T.F.2    Dollaghan, C.A.3    Feldman, H.M.4    Bernard, B.S.5    Colborn, D.K.6
  • 40
    • 0041630776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Otitis media and tympanostomy tube insertion during the first three years of life:developmental outcomes at the age of four years
    • doi:10.1542/peds.112.2.265
    • Paradise, J. L., Dollaghan, C. A., Campbell, T. F., Feldman, H. M., Bernard, B. S., Colborn, D. K., et al. (2003). Otitis media and tympanostomy tube insertion during the first three years of life:developmental outcomes at the age of four years. Pediatrics 112, 265-277. doi:10.1542/peds.112.2.265.
    • (2003) Pediatrics , vol.112 , pp. 265-277
    • Paradise, J.L.1    Dollaghan, C.A.2    Campbell, T.F.3    Feldman, H.M.4    Bernard, B.S.5    Colborn, D.K.6
  • 41
    • 0035912155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of early or delayed insertion of tympanostomy tubes for persistent otitis media on developmental outcomes at the age of three years
    • doi:10.1056/NEJM200104193441601
    • Paradise, J. L., Feldman, H. M., Campbell, T. F., Dollaghan, C. A., Colborn, D. K., Bernard, B. S., et al. (2001). Effect of early or delayed insertion of tympanostomy tubes for persistent otitis media on developmental outcomes at the age of three years. N. Engl. J. Med. 344, 1179-1187. doi:10.1056/NEJM200104193441601.
    • (2001) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.344 , pp. 1179-1187
    • Paradise, J.L.1    Feldman, H.M.2    Campbell, T.F.3    Dollaghan, C.A.4    Colborn, D.K.5    Bernard, B.S.6
  • 43
    • 0030938086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Otitis media in 2253 pittsburgh-area infants:prevalence and risk factors during the first two years of life
    • doi:10.1542/peds.99.3.318
    • Paradise, J. L., Rockette, H. E., Colborn, D. K., Bernard, B. S., Smith, C. G., Kurs-Lasky, M., and Janosky, J. E. (1997). Otitis media in 2253 pittsburgh-area infants:prevalence and risk factors during the first two years of life. Pediatrics 99, 318-333. doi:10.1542/peds.99.3.318.
    • (1997) Pediatrics , vol.99 , pp. 318-333
    • Paradise, J.L.1    Rockette, H.E.2    Colborn, D.K.3    Bernard, B.S.4    Smith, C.G.5    Kurs-Lasky, M.6    Janosky, J.E.7
  • 44
    • 17444366176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluency:bridge between decoding and reading comprehension
    • doi:10.1598/RT.58.6.2
    • Pikulski, J. J., and Chard, D. J. (2005). Fluency:bridge between decoding and reading comprehension. Read. Teach. 58, 510-519. doi:10.1598/RT.58.6.2.
    • (2005) Read. Teach. , vol.58 , pp. 510-519
    • Pikulski, J.J.1    Chard, D.J.2
  • 46
    • 0036229460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language and reading outcomes to age 9 in late-talking toddlers
    • doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2002/028)
    • Rescorla, L. (2002). Language and reading outcomes to age 9 in late-talking toddlers. J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. 45, 360-71. doi:10.1044/1092-4388(2002/028).
    • (2002) J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. , vol.45 , pp. 360-71
    • Rescorla, L.1
  • 47
    • 33845266473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal predictors of implicit phonological awareness skills
    • doi:10.1044/1058-0360(2006/016)
    • Rvachew, S. (2006). Longitudinal predictors of implicit phonological awareness skills. Am. J. Speech Lang. Pathol. 15, 165. doi:10.1044/1058-0360(2006/016).
    • (2006) Am. J. Speech Lang. Pathol. , vol.15 , pp. 165
    • Rvachew, S.1
  • 48
    • 0025579709 scopus 로고
    • Very early language deficits in dyslexic children
    • doi:10.2307/1130834
    • Scarborough, H. S. (1990). Very early language deficits in dyslexic children. Child Dev. 61, 1728-1743. doi:10.2307/1130834.
    • (1990) Child Dev. , vol.61 , pp. 1728-1743
    • Scarborough, H.S.1
  • 49
    • 0013289266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Connecting early language and literacy to later reading disabilities:evidence, theory, and practice
    • eds S. B. Neuman and D. K. Dickinson (New York, NY:The Guilford Press)
    • Scarborough, H. S. (2001). "Connecting early language and literacy to later reading disabilities:evidence, theory, and practice," in Approaching Difficulties in Literacy Development:Assessment, Pedagogy and Programmes, eds S. B. Neuman and D. K. Dickinson (New York, NY:The Guilford Press), 97-110.
    • (2001) Approaching Difficulties in Literacy Development:Assessment, Pedagogy and Programmes , pp. 97-110
    • Scarborough, H.S.1
  • 50
    • 0025255271 scopus 로고
    • Development of children with early language delay
    • Scarborough, H. S., and Dobrich, W. (1990). Development of children with early language delay. J. Speech Hear. Res. 33, 70-83.
    • (1990) J. Speech Hear. Res. , vol.33 , pp. 70-83
    • Scarborough, H.S.1    Dobrich, W.2
  • 51
    • 41549165267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The education of dyslexic children from childhood to young adulthood
    • doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.59.103006.093633
    • Shaywitz, S. E., Morris, R., and Shaywitz, B. A. (2008). The education of dyslexic children from childhood to young adulthood. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 59, 451-475. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.59.103006.093633.
    • (2008) Annu. Rev. Psychol. , vol.59 , pp. 451-475
    • Shaywitz, S.E.1    Morris, R.2    Shaywitz, B.A.3
  • 53
    • 0021021854 scopus 로고
    • Developmental language delay from three to seven years and its significance for low intelligence and reading difficulties at age seven
    • doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1983.tb13847.x
    • Silva, P. A., McGee, R., and Williams, S. M. (1983). Developmental language delay from three to seven years and its significance for low intelligence and reading difficulties at age seven. Dev. Med. Child Neurol. 25, 783-793. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1983.tb13847.x.
    • (1983) Dev. Med. Child Neurol. , vol.25 , pp. 783-793
    • Silva, P.A.1    McGee, R.2    Williams, S.M.3
  • 54
    • 0039043802 scopus 로고
    • Relation between early reading acquisition and word decoding with and without context:a longitudinal study of first-grade children
    • doi:10.1037/0022-0663.76.4.668
    • Stanovich, K. E., Cunningham, A. E., and Feeman, D. J. (1984). Relation between early reading acquisition and word decoding with and without context:a longitudinal study of first-grade children. J. Educ. Psychol. 76:668. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.76.4.668.
    • (1984) J. Educ. Psychol. , vol.76 , pp. 668
    • Stanovich, K.E.1    Cunningham, A.E.2    Feeman, D.J.3
  • 55
    • 0036835322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral language and code-related precursors to reading:evidence from a longitudinal structural model
    • doi:10.1037/0012-1649.38.6.934
    • Storch, S. A., and Whitehurst, G. J. (2002). Oral language and code-related precursors to reading:evidence from a longitudinal structural model. Dev. Psychol. 38:934. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.38.6.934.
    • (2002) Dev. Psychol. , vol.38 , pp. 934
    • Storch, S.A.1    Whitehurst, G.J.2
  • 56
    • 77953966132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction:advances in early detection of reading risk J
    • doi:10.1177/0022219410366831
    • Thomson, J. M., and Hogan, T. P. (2010). Introduction:advances in early detection of reading risk J. Learn. Disabil. 43, 291-293. doi:10.1177/0022219410366831.
    • (2010) Learn. Disabil. , vol.43 , pp. 291-293
    • Thomson, J.M.1    Hogan, T.P.2
  • 57
    • 4344574046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Speech perception in infancy predicts language development in the second year of life:a longitudinal study
    • doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00726.x
    • Tsao, F. M., Liu, H. M., and Kuhl, P. K. (2004). Speech perception in infancy predicts language development in the second year of life:a longitudinal study. Child Dev. 75, 1067-1084. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00726.x.
    • (2004) Child Dev. , vol.75 , pp. 1067-1084
    • Tsao, F.M.1    Liu, H.M.2    Kuhl, P.K.3
  • 58
    • 0028415902 scopus 로고
    • Prediction of school outcomes based on early language production and socioeconomic factors
    • doi:10.2307/1131404
    • Walker, D., Greenwood, C., Hart, B., and Carta, J. (1994). Prediction of school outcomes based on early language production and socioeconomic factors. Child Dev. 65, 606-621. doi:10.2307/1131404.
    • (1994) Child Dev. , vol.65 , pp. 606-621
    • Walker, D.1    Greenwood, C.2    Hart, B.3    Carta, J.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.