Crater Lake Apoyo Revisited - Population Genetics of an Emerging Species Flock

PLoS ONE

Volumn 8, Issue 9, 2013, Pages

  Geiger, Matthias F ^a   McCrary, Jeffrey K ^b   Schliewen, Ulrich K ^a  

^a ZOOLOGISCHE STAATSSAMMLUNG MÜNCHEN   (Germany)

^b Fundación Nicaragüense Pro desarrollo Comunitario Integral FUNDECI GAIA   (Nicaragua)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MITOCHONDRIAL DNA;

AMPHILOPHUS; AMPHILOPHUS ZALIOSUS; AMPLIFIED FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM; ARTICLE; CICHLID; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; ENDEMIC SPECIES; GENETIC VARIABILITY; HAPLOTYPE; INTROGRESSION; MONOPHYLY; NICARAGUA; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PHYLOGENY; POLYPHYLY; POPULATION GENETICS; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; SPECIES DIFFERENCE; SPECIES DIFFERENTIATION;

AMPLIFIED FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM ANALYSIS; ANIMALS; CICHLIDS; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; DNA, MITOCHONDRIAL; GENETIC LOCI; GENETICS, POPULATION; HAPLOTYPES; HYBRIDIZATION, GENETIC; LAKES; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; NICARAGUA; PHYLOGENY; SPECIES SPECIFICITY;

EID: 84884521868     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074901     Document Type: Article

References (105)

1. Mayr E, (1942) Systematics and the origin of species from the viewpoint of a zoologist. New York: Columbia University Press.
2. Maynard Smith J, (1966) Sympatric speciation. Am Nat, 100: 637-650. doi:10.1086/282457.
3. Turner GF, Burrows MT, (1995) A model of sympatric speciation by sexual selection. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 260: 287-292. doi:10.1098/rspb.1995.0093.
4. Dieckmann U, Doebeli M, (1999) On the origin of species by sympatric speciation. Nature, 400: 354-357. doi:10.1038/22521. PubMed: 10432112.
5. Kondrashov AS, Kondrashov FA, (1999) Interactions among quantitative traits in the course of sympatric speciation. Nature, 400: 351-354. doi:10.1038/22514. PubMed: 10432111.
6. Almeida CR, de Abreu FV, (2003) Dynamical instabilities lead to sympatric speciation. Evol Ecol Res, 5: 739-757.
7. Fitzpatrick BM, Fordyce JA, Gavrilets S, (2008) What, if anything, is sympatric speciation? J Evol Biol, 21: 1452-1459. doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2008.01611.x. PubMed: 18823452.
8. Mallet J, Meyer A, Nosil P, Feder JL, (2009) Space, sympatry and speciation. J Evol Biol, 22: 2332-2341. doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2009.01816.x. PubMed: 19732264.
9. Rundle HD, Nosil P, (2005) Ecological speciation. Ecol Lett, 8: 336-352. doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00715.x.
10. Butlin RK, Ritchie MG, (2009) Genetics of speciation. Heredity (Edinb), 102: 1-3. doi:10.1038/hdy.2008.97. PubMed: 19088743.
11. The Marie Curie SPECIATION Network, (2012) What We Need Know About Speciation? Trends Ecol Evol, 27(1): 27-39.
12. Schliewen UK, Kocher TD, McKaye KR, Seehausen O, Tautz D, (2006) Evolutionary biology: Evidence for sympatric speciation?. Nature, 444: E12-E13. doi:10.1038/nature05419. PubMed: 17151605.
13. Losos JB, Mahler DL, (2010) Adaptive radiation: the interaction of ecological opportunity, adaptation, and speciation. In Bell MA, Eanes WF, Futuyma DJ, Levinton JS, eds., Evolution After Darwin: the First 150 Years. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates.
14. Barlow GW, Munsey JW, (1976) The Red Devil-Midas-Arrow Cichlid Species Complex in Nicaragua. In Thorsen TB, eds. Investigations of the ichthyofauna of Nicaraguan lakes. Lincoln: University of Nebraska.
15. Stauffer JR, McCrary JK, Black KE, (2008) Three new species of cichlid fishes (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from Lake Apoyo, Nicaragua. Proc Biol Soc Wash, 121: 117-129. doi:10.2988/06-37.1.
16. Geiger MF, McCrary JK, Stauffer JR, (2010a) Description of two new species of the Midas cichlid complex (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from Lake Apoyo, Nicaragua. Proc Biol Soc Wash, 123: 159-173. doi:10.2988/09-20.1.
17. Barluenga M, Meyer A, (2004) The Midas cichlid species complex: Incipient sympatric speciation in Nicaraguan cichlid fishes? Mol Ecol, 13: 2061-2076. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02211.x. PubMed: 15189226.
18. Barluenga M, Meyer A, (2010) Phylogeography, colonization and population history of the Midas cichlid species complex (Amphilophus spp.) in the Nicaraguan crater lakes. BMC Evol Biol 10: 326. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-10-326. PubMed: 20977752.
19. Geiger MF, McCrary JK, Schliewen UK, (2010b) Not a simple case- A first comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis for the Midas cichlid complex in Nicaragua (Teleostei: Cichlidae: Amphilophus). Mol Phylogenet Evol, 56: 1011-1124. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.05.015.
20. Kautt AF, Elmer KR, Meyer A, (2012) Genomic signatures of divergent selection and speciation patterns in a 'natural experiment', the young parallel radiations of Nicaraguan crater lake cichlid fishes. Mol Ecol, 21: 4770-4786. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05738.x. PubMed: 22934802.
21. Barluenga M, Stölting KN, Salzburger W, Muschick M, Meyer A, (2006) Sympatric speciation in Nicaraguan crater lake cichlid fish. Nature, 439: 719-723. doi:10.1038/nature04325. PubMed: 16467837.
22. Wilson AB, Noack-Kunnmann K, Meyer A, (2000) Incipient speciation in sympatric Nicaraguan crater lake cichlid fishes: sexual selection versus ecological diversification. Proc Biol Sci, 267: 2133-2141. doi:10.1098/rspb.2000.1260. PubMed: 11413624.
23. Gavrilets S, (2004) Fitness Landscapes and the Origin of Species. Monogr Popul Biol 41. Princeton, NJ.: Princeton University Press.
24. Bolnick DI, Fitzpatrick BM, (2007) Sympatric speciation: models and empirical evidence. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst, 38: 459-487. doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.38.091206.095804.
25. Feulner PG, Plath M, Engelmann J, Kirschbaum F, Tiedemann R, (2009) Magic trait electric organ discharge (EOD): Dual function of electric signals promotes speciation in African weakly electric fish. Commun Integr Biol, 2: 329-331. doi:10.4161/cib.2.4.8386. PubMed: 19721881.
26. Sussman D, (1982) Apoyo caldera, Nicaragua: A major quaternary silicic eruptive center. J Vulcanology Geother Res, 24: 249-242.
27. Recknagel H, Elmer KR, Meyer A, (2013) A hybrid genetic linkage map of two ecologically and morphologically divergent Midas cichlid fishes (Amphilophus spp.) obtained by massively parallel DNA Sequencing (ddRADSeq). G3, 3: 65-74.
28. Pérez GA, Rícan O, Ortí G, Bermingham E, Doadrio I, et al. (2007) Phylogeny and biogeography of 91 species of heroine cichlids (Teleostei: Cichlidae) based on sequences of the cytochrome b gene. Mol Phylogenet Evol, 43: 91-110. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.08.012. PubMed: 17045493.
29. Rícan O, Zardoya R, Doadrio I, (2008) Phylogenetic relationships of Middle American cichlids (Cichlidae, Heroini) based on combined evidence from nuclear genes, mtDNA, and morphology. Mol Phylogenet Evol, 49: 941-957. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.07.022. PubMed: 18725305.
30. BANIC (1977) Informe Financiero 1976. Banco Nicaragüense de Industria y Comercio, Managua, Nicaragua. 46 pp., as reported in Waid et al. Encuentro 1999: 51,-80.
31. CIRA-UNAN Managua, (2008). Plan: Informe sobre el Lago de Apoyo de Manejo Reserva Natural Laguna de Apoyo. Catarina, Nicaragua: CLUSA, Vol. III.
32. Meyer A, Morrissey JM, Schartl M, (1994) Recurrent origin of a sexually selected trait in Xiphophorus fishes inferred from a molecular phylogeny. Nature, 368: 39-542. doi:10.1038/368039a0.
33. Kocher TD, Thomas WK, Meyer A, Edwards SV, Pääbo S, et al. (1989) Dynamics of mitochondrial DNA evolution in animals: amplification and sequencing with conserved primers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 86: 6196-6200. doi:10.1073/pnas.86.16.6196. PubMed: 2762322.
34. Thompson JD, Gibson TJ, Plewniak F, Jeanmougin F, Higgins DG, (1997) The ClustalX windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res, 24: 4876-4882.
35. Posada D, (2004) Collapse ver. 1.2. A tool for collapsing sequences to haplotypes. [Online]. Available: http://darwin.uvigo.es.
36. Bandelt HJ, Forster P, Sykes BC, Richards MB, (1995) Mitochondrial portraits of human populations using median networks. Genetics 141: 743-753. PubMed: 8647407.
37. Bandelt HJ, Forster P, Röhl A, (1999) Median-joining networks for inferring intraspecific phylogenies. Mol Biol Evol, 16: 37-48. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026036. PubMed: 10331250.
38. Rogers AR, Harpending H, (1992) Population growth makes waves in the distribution of pairwise genetic differences. Mol Biol Evol, 9(3):: 552-569. PubMed: 1316531.
39. Gaggiotti O, Excoffier, (2000) A simple method of removing the effect of a bottleneck and unequal population sizes on pairwise genetic distancesL. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 267: 81-87. doi:10.1098/rspb.2000.0970.
40. Schenekar T, Weiss S, (2011) High rate of calculation errors in mismatch distribution analysis results in numerous false inferences of biological importance. Heredity (Edinb) (advance online publication). doi:10.1038/hdy.2011.48. PubMed: 21731052.
41. Donaldson KA, Wilson RR Jr,. (1999) Amphi-panamic geminates of snook (Percoidei: Centropomidae) provide a calibration of the divergence rate in the mitochondrial DNA control region of fishes. Mol Phylogenet Evol, 13: 208-213. doi:10.1006/mpev.1999.0625. PubMed: 10508553.
42. Nagl S, Tichy H, Mayer WE, Takahata N, Klein J, (1998) Persistence of neutral polymorphisms in Lake Victoria cichlid fish. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 95: 14238-14243. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.24.14238. PubMed: 9826684.
43. Sato A, Takezaki N, Tichy H, Figueroa F, Mayer WE, et al. (2003) Origin and speciation of haplochromine fishes in East African crater lakes investigated by the analysis of their mtDNA, Mhc genes, and SINEs. Mol Biol Evol, 20: 1448-1462. doi:10.1093/molbev/msg151. PubMed: 12777512.
44. Vos P, Hogers R, Bleeker M, Reijans M, van de lee T, et al. (1995) AFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting. Nucleic Acids Res, 23: 4407-4414. doi:10.1093/nar/23.21.4407. PubMed: 7501463.
45. Herder F, Pfaender J, Schliewen UK, (2008) Adaptive sympatric speciation of polychromatic 'roundfin' sailfin silverside fish in Lake Matano (Sulawesi). Evolution, 62: 2178-2195. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2008.00447.x. PubMed: 18616575.
46. Van de Peer Y, De Wachter R, (1994) TREECON for Windows: a software package for the construction and drawing of evolutionary trees for the Microsoft Windows environment. Comput Appl Biosci, 10: 569-570. PubMed: 7828077.
47. Link W, Dixkens C, Singh M, Schwall M, Melchinger AE, (1995) Genetic diversity in European and Mediterranean faba bean germ plasm revealed by RAPD markers. Theor Appl Genet, 90: 27-32.
48. Smith SA, Dunn CW, (2008) Phyutility: a phyloinformatics tool for trees, alignments and molecular data. Bioinformatics, 24: 715-716. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btm619. PubMed: 18227120.
49. Seehausen O, (2004) Hybridization and adaptive radiation. Trends Ecol Evol, 19: 198-207. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2004.01.003. PubMed: 16701254.
50. Bryant D, Moulton V, (2004) Neighbor-Net: An Agglomerative Method for the Construction of Phylogenetic Networks. Mol Biol Evol, 21: 255-265. PubMed: 14660700.
51. Huson DH, (1998) SplitsTree: Analyzing and visualizing evolutionary data. Bioinformatics, 14: 68-73. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/14.1.68. PubMed: 9520503.
52. Foll M, Gaggiotti OE, (2008) A genome-scan method to identify selected loci appropriate for both dominant and codominant markers: A Bayesian perspective. Genetics, 179: 927-939. doi:10.1534/genetics.107.084541. PubMed: 18505879.
53. Pérez-Figueroa A, García-Pereira MJ, Saura M, Rolán-Alvarez E, Caballero A, (2010) Comparing three different methods to detect selective loci using dominant markers. J Evol Biol, 23: 2267-2276. doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.02093.x. PubMed: 20796133.
54. Pritchard JK, Stephens M, Donnelly P, (2000) Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data. Genetics, 155: 945-959. PubMed: 10835412.
55. Falush D, Stephens M, Pritchard JK, (2007) Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data: dominant markers and null alleles. Mol Ecol Notes, 7: 574-578. doi:10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01758.x. PubMed: 18784791.
56. Falush D, Stephens M, Pritchard JK, (2003) Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data: linked loci and correlated allele frequencies. Genetics, 164: 1567-1587. PubMed: 12930761.
57. Evanno G, Regnaut S, Goudet J, (2005) Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: a simulation study. Mol Ecol, 14: 2611-2620. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02553.x. PubMed: 15969739.
58. Weir BS, Cockerham CC, (1984) Estimating F-statistics for the analysis of population structure. Evolution, 38: 1358-1370. doi:10.2307/2408641.
59. Schlüter PM, Harris SA, (2006) Analysis of multilocus fingerprinting data sets containing missing data. Mol Ecol Notes, 6: 569-572. doi:10.1111/j.1471-8286.2006.01225.x.
60. Caballero A, Quesada H, Rolán-Alvarez E, (2008) Impact of amplified fragment length polymorphism size homoplasy on the estimation of population genetic diversity and the detection of selective loci. Genetics, 179: 539-554. doi:10.1534/genetics.107.083246. PubMed: 18493070.
61. Butlin RK, (2010) Population genomics and speciation. Genetica, 138: 409-418. doi:10.1007/s10709-008-9321-3. PubMed: 18777099.
62. Oleksiak MF, (2010) Genomic approaches with natural fish populations. J Fish Biol, 76: 1067-1093. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02563.x. PubMed: 20409163.
63. Elmer KR, Fan S, Gunter HM, Jones JC, Boekhoff S, et al. (2010a) Rapid evolution and selection inferred from the transcriptomes of sympatric crater lake cichlid fishes. Mol Ecol, 19 (Suppl 1):: 197-211. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04488.x. PubMed: 20331780.
64. Kirkpatrick, Barton, (2006) Chromosome inversions, local adaptation and speciation. Genetics, 173: 419-434. doi:10.1534/genetics.105.047985. PubMed: 16204214.
65. Hoffmann AA, Rieseberg LH, (2008) Revisiting the impact of inversions in evolution: From population genetic markers to drivers of adaptive shifts and speciation? Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst, 39: 21-42. doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.39.110707.173532. PubMed: 20419035.
66. Mallet J, (2007) Hybrid speciation. Nature, 446: 279-283. doi:10.1038/nature05706. PubMed: 17361174.
67. Dowling TE, Secor CL, (1997) The role of hybridization and introgression in the diversification of animals. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst, 28: 593-620. doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.28.1.593.
68. Burke JM, Arnold ML, (2001) Genetics and the Fitness of Hybrids. Annu Rev Genet, 35: 31-52. doi:10.1146/annurev.genet.35.102401.085719. PubMed: 11700276.
69. Baack EJ, Rieseberg LH, (2007) A genomic view of introgression and hybrid speciation. Curr Opin Genet Dev, 17: 513-518. doi:10.1016/j.gde.2007.09.001. PubMed: 17933508.
70. Stelkens RB, Schmid C, Selz O, Seehausen O, (2009) Phenotypic novelty in experimental hybrids is predicted by the genetic distance between species of cichlid fish. BMC Evol Biol, 9: 283. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-283. PubMed: 19961584.
71. Barrett RD, Schluter D, (2008) Adaptation from standing genetic variation. Trends Ecol Evol, 23: 38-44. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2007.09.008. PubMed: 18006185.
72. Wolf JB, Lindell J, Backström N, (2010) Speciation genetics: Current status and evolving approaches. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 365: 1717-1733. doi:10.1098/rstb.2010.0023. PubMed: 20439277.
73. Coyne JA, Orr HA, (2004) Speciation. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates.
74. Kawata M, Yoshimura J, (2000) Speciation by sexual selection in hybridizing populations without viability selection. Evol Ecol Res, 2: 897-909.
75. Ripa J, (2009) When is sympatric speciation truly adaptive? An analysis of the joint evolution of resource utilization and assortative mating. Evol Ecol, 23: 31-52. doi:10.1007/s10682-008-9267-z.
76. van Doorn GS, Edelaar P, Weissing FJ, (2009) On the origin of species by natural and sexual selection. Science, 326: 1704-1707. doi:10.1126/science.1181661. PubMed: 19965377.
77. Martin CH, (2012) Weak disruptive selection and incomplete phenotypic divergence in two classic examples of sympatric speciation: cameroon crater lake cichlids. Am Nat, 180(4):: E90-E109. doi:10.1086/667586. PubMed: 22976018.
78. Streelman JT, Danley PD, (2003) The stages of vertebrate evolutionary radiation. Trends Ecol Evol, 18: 126-131. doi:10.1016/S0169-5347(02)00036-8.
79. Kocher TD, (2004) Adaptive evolution and explosive speciation: the cichlid fish model. Nat Rev Genet 5: 288-298. doi:10.1038/nrg1316. PubMed: 15131652.
80. Elmer KR, Lehtonen TK, Fan S, Meyer A, (2013) Crater lake colonization by neotropical cichlid fishes. Evolution, 67: 281-288. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2012.01755.x. PubMed: 23289578.
81. McCrary JK, López LJ, (2008) El monitoreo de las mojarras (Amphilophus spp.) en Nicaragua con aportes sobre su ecología y estado de conservación en la Laguna de Apoyo. Rev Nicaragüense Biodiversidad, 1: 43-50.
82. Salazar C, Baxter SW, Pardo-Diaz C, Wu G, Surridge A, et al. (2010) Genetic Evidence for Hybrid Trait Speciation in Heliconius Butterflies. PLOS Genet, 6: 1000930. PubMed: 20442862.
83. Rieseberg LH, Archer MA, Wayne RK, (1999) Transgressive segregation, adaptation and speciation. Heredity (Edinb), 83(Pt 4):: 363-372. doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6886170. PubMed: 10583537.
84. Ellstrand NC, Schierenbeck KA, (2000) Hybridization as a stimulus for the evolution of invasiveness in plants? Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 97: 7043-7050. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.13.7043. PubMed: 10860969.
85. Gross BL, Kane NC, Lexer C, Ludwig F, Rosenthal DM, et al. (2004) Reconstructing the origin of Helianthus deserticola: Survival and selection on the desert floor. Am Nat, 164: 145-156. doi:10.1086/422223. PubMed: 15278840.
86. Nolte A, Freyhof J, Stemshorn K, Tautz D, (2005) An invasive lineage of sculpins, Cottus sp. (Pisces, Teleostei) in the Rhine with new habitat adaptations has originated by hybridization between old phylogeographic groups. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 272: 2379-2387. doi:10.1098/rspb.2005.3231.
87. Pfennig KS, (2007) Facultative mate choice drives adaptive hybridization. Science, 318: 965-967. doi:10.1126/science.1146035. PubMed: 17991861.
88. Seehausen O, van Alphen JM, Witte F, (1997) Cichlid fish diversity threatened by eutrophication that curbs sexual selection. Science, 277: 1808-1811. doi:10.1126/science.277.5333.1808.
89. Seehausen O, (2006) Conservation: Losing Biodiversity by Reverse Speciation. Curr Biol, 16: 337 16682344.
90. Taylor EB, Boughman JW, Groenenboom M, Sniatynski M, Schluter D, et al. (2006) Speciation in reverse: morphological and genetic evidence of the collapse of a three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) species pair. Mol Ecol, 15: 343-355. PubMed: 16448405.
91. Smith TB, Wayne RK, Girman DJ, Bruford MW, (1997) A role for ecotones in generating rainforest biodiversity. Science, 276: 1855-1857. doi:10.1126/science.276.5320.1855.
92. Crandall KA, Bininda-Emonds OR, Mace GM, Wayne RK, (2000) Considering evolutionary processes in conservation biology. Trends Ecol Evol, 15: 290-295. doi:10.1016/S0169-5347(00)01876-0. PubMed: 10856956.
93. Barreto FS, McCartney MA, (2008) Extraordinary AFLP fingerprint similarity despite strong assortative mating between reef fish color morphospecies. Evolution, 62: 226-233. PubMed: 18053072.
94. Nielsen EE, Hemmer-Hansen J, Poulsen NA, Loeschcke V, Moen T, et al. (2009) Genomic signatures of local directional selection in a high gene flow marine organism; the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). BMC Evol Biol, 9: 276-287. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-276. PubMed: 19948077.
95. Barlow GW, (1976) The Midas cichlid in Nicaragua. In Thorsen TB, eds. Investigations of the ichthyofauna of Nicaraguan lakes. Lincoln: University of Nebraska.
96. Barlow GW, Rogers W, (1978) Female Midas cichlids' choice of mate in relation to parents' and to own color. Biol Behav, 3: 137-145.
97. Barlow GW, Rogers W, Cappeto RV, (1977) Incompatability and assortative mating in the Midas cichlid. Behav Ecol Sociobiol, 2: 49-59. doi:10.1007/BF00299288.
98. McKaye KR, Barlow GW, (1976) Competition between color morphs of the midas cichlid, Cichlasoma citrinellum in Lake Jiloa, Nicaragua. In Thorson TB, eds. Investigations of the Ichthyofauna of Nicargauan Lakes. Lincoln: University of Nebraska.
99. Elmer KR, Lehtonen TK, Meyer A, (2009) Color assortative mating contributes to sympatric divergence of neotropical cichlid fish. Evolution, 63: 2750-2757. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00736.x. PubMed: 19490078.
100. Engström-Öst J, Candolin U, (2007) Human-induced water turbidity alters selection on sexual displays in sticklebacks. Behav Ecol, 18: 393-398. doi:10.1093/beheco/arl097.
101. Järvenpää M, Lindström K, (2004) Water turbidity by algal blooms causes mating system breakdown in a shallow-water fish, the sand goby Pomatoschistus minutus. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 271: 2361-2365. doi:10.1098/rspb.2004.2870.
102. Seehausen O, Terai Y, Magalhaes IS, Carleton KL, Mrosso HD, et al. (2008) Speciation through sensory drive in cichlid fish. Nature, 455: 620-626. doi:10.1038/nature07285. PubMed: 18833272.
103. Elmer KR, Lehtonen TK, Kautt AF, Harrod C, Meyer A, (2010b) Rapid sympatric ecological differentiation of crater lake cichlid fishes within historic times. BMC Biol, 8: 60. doi:10.1186/1741-7007-8-60. PubMed: 20459869.
104. Elmer KR, Meyer A, (2011) Adaptation in the age of ecological genomics: insights from parallelism and convergence. Trends Ecol Evol, 26: 298-306. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2011.02.008. PubMed: 21459472.
105. Henning F, Jones JC, Franchini P, Meyer A, (2013) Transcriptomics of morphological color change in polychromatic Midas cichlids. BMC Genomics, 14: 171. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-14-171. PubMed: 23497064.