Cell survival and radiosensitisation: Modulation of the linear and quadratic parameters of the LQ model (Review)

International Journal of Oncology

Volumn 42, Issue 5, 2013, Pages 1501-1515

  Franken, Nicolaas A P ^a   Oei, Arlene L ^a   Kok, H Petra ^a   Rodermond, Hans M ^a   Sminia, Peter ^c   Crezee, Johannes ^a   Stalpers, Lukas J A ^a   Barendsen, Gerrit W ^a,b  

^a ACADEMIC MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^b UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^c VU UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Cell survival; Chemotherapeutic agents; Hyperthermia; Linear quadratic model; Radiosensitisation

Indexed keywords

CISPLATIN; CYTOSTATIC AGENT; GEMCITABINE; HALOGENATED PYRIMIDINE; NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE RIBOSYLTRANSFERASE 1; PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVE; TEMOZOLOMIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

CELL FRACTIONATION; CELL SURVIVAL; HUMAN; HYPERTHERMIA; LINEAR QUADRATIC MODEL; MODEL; NONHUMAN; PARAMETERS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIATION DOSE FRACTIONATION; RADIOSENSITIZATION; RADIOTHERAPY; REVIEW;

CELL SURVIVAL; COMBINED MODALITY THERAPY; HUMANS; LINEAR MODELS; MODELS, THEORETICAL; NEOPLASMS; POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASES; RADIATION DOSAGE; RADIATION TOLERANCE; RADIATION-SENSITIZING AGENTS;

EID: 84875972277     PISSN: 10196439     EISSN: 17912423     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1857     Document Type: Review

References (133)

1. Barendsen GW: Dose fractionation, dose rate and iso-effect relationships for normal tissue responses. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 8: 1981-1997, 1982. (Pubitemid 13167385)
2. Barendsen GW: Mechanisms of cell reproductive death and shapes of radiation dose-survival curves of mammalian cells. Int J Radiat Biol 57: 885-896, 1990. (Pubitemid 20115281)
3. Barendsen GW: The relationships between RBE and LET for different types of lethal damage in mammalian cells: biophysical and molecular mechanisms. Radiat Res 139: 257-270, 1994. (Pubitemid 24295093)
4. Barendsen GW: Parameters of linear-quadratic radiation dose-effect relationships: dependence on LET and mechanisms of reproductive cell death. Int J Radiat Biol 71: 649-655, 1997. (Pubitemid 27306020)
5. Barendsen GW, van Bree C and Franken NAP: Importance of cell proliferative state and potentially lethal damage repair on radiation effectiveness: Implications for combined tumor treatments (Review). Int J Oncol 19: 257-256, 2001.
6. Franken NAP, van Bree C, Kipp JB and Barendsen GW: Modification of potentially lethal damage in irradiated Chinese hamster V79 cells after incorporation of halogenated pyrimidines. Int J Radiat Biol 72: 101-109, 1997. (Pubitemid 27316095)
7. Franken NAP, Ten Cate R, van Bree C and Haveman J: Induction of the early response protein EGR-1 in human tumour cells after ionizing radiation is correlated with a reduction of repair of lethal lesions and an increase of repair of sublethal lesions. Int J Oncol 24: 1027-1031, 2004.
8. Franken NAP, van Bree C, Veltmaat MA, Ludwików G, Kipp JB and Barendsen GW: Increased chromosome exchange frequencies in iodo-deoxyuridine- sensitized human SW-1573 cells after γ-irradiation. Oncol Rep 6: 59-63, 1999. (Pubitemid 128532799)
9. Franken NAP, Rodermond HM, Stap J, Haveman J and van Bree C: Clonogenic assay of cells in vitro. Nature Protoc 1: 2315-2319, 2006.
10. van Nifterik KA, van den Berg J, Stalpers LJA, Lafleur MV, Leenstra S, Slotman BJ, Hulsebos TJ and Sminia P: Differential radiosensitizing potential of temozolomide in MGMT promoter methylated glioblastoma multiforme cell lines. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 69: 1246-1253, 2007. (Pubitemid 47625874)
11. van Bree C, Franken NAP, Bakker PJ, Klomp-Tukker LJ, Barendsen GW and Kipp JB: Hyperthermia and incorporation of halogenated pyrimidines: radiosensitization in cultured rodent and human tumor cells. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 39: 489-496, 1997.
12. González González D, Van Dijk JD and Blank LE: Radiotherapy and hyperthermia. Eur J Cancer 31A: 1351-1355, 1995.
13. van der Zee J, González González D, van Rhoon GC, van Dijk JD, van Putten WL and Hart AA: Comparison of radiotherapy alone with radiotherapy plus hyperthermia in locally advanced pelvic tumours: a prospective, randomised, multicentre trial. Dutch Deep Hyperthermia Group. Lancet 355: 1119-1125, 2000. (Pubitemid 30172932)
14. van der Zee J, Treurniet-Donker AD, The SK, Helle PA, Seldenrath JJ, Meerwaldt JH, Wijnmalen AJ, van de Berg AP, van Rhoon GC, Broekmeyer-Reurink MP, et al: Low dose reirradiation in combination with hyperthermia: a palliative treatment for patients with breast cancer recurring in previously irradiated areas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 15: 1407-1413, 1988. (Pubitemid 19015483)
15. van der Zee J and González GD: The Dutch Deep Hyperthermia Trial: results in cervical cancer. Int J Hyperthermia 18: 1-12, 2002. Erratum in: Int J Hyperthermia 19: 213, 2003. (Pubitemid 34092370)
16. Crezee J, Barendsen GW, Westermann AM, Hulshof MC, Haveman J, Stalpers LJ, Geijsen ED and Franken NAP: Quantification of the contribution of hyperthermia to results of cervical cancer trials: in regard to Plataniotis and Dale (Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 73: 1538-1544, 2009). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 75: 634, 2009.
17. Dewey WC, Sapareto SA and Betten DA: Hyperthermic radiosensitization of synchronous Chinese hamster cells: relationship between lethality and chromosomal aberrations. Radiat Res 76: 48-59, 1978.
18. Roti Roti JL: Introduction: radiosensitization by hyperthermia. Int J Hyperthermia 20: 109-114, 2004. (Pubitemid 38425508)
19. Raaphorst GP, Feeley MM, Danjoux CE, DaSilva V and Gerig LH: Hyperthermia enhancement of radiation response and inhibition of recovery from radiation damage in human glioma cells. Int J Hyperthermia 7: 629-641, 1991.
20. Kampinga HH and Dikomey E: Hyperthermic radiosensitization: mode of action and clinical relevance. Int J Radiat Biol 77: 399-408, 2001. (Pubitemid 32281123)
21. Hildebrandt B, Wust P, Ahlers O, Dieing A, Sreenivasa G, Kerner T, Felix R and Riess H: The cellular and molecular basis of hyperthermia. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 43: 33-56, 2002. (Pubitemid 34722786)
22. Hall EJ and Giaccia AJ: Hyperthermia. In: Radiobiology for the Radiologist. Chapter 28. 6th edition. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, pp469-490, 2006.
23. Dewhirst MW, Vujaskovic Z, Jones E and Thrall D: Re-setting the biologic rationale for thermal therapy. Int J Hyperthermia 21: 779-790, 2005. (Pubitemid 41818597)
24. Bergs JWJ: Hyperthermia, cisplatin and radiation trimodality treatment: In vitro studies on interaction mechanisms. PhD Thesis, University of Amsterdam, 2007.
25. Bergs JWJ, Haveman J, Ten Cate R, Medema JP, Franken NAP and van Bree C: Effect of 41°C and 43°C on cisplatin radiosensitization in two human carcinoma cell lines with different sensitivities for cisplatin. Oncol Rep 18: 219-226, 2007.
26. Bergs JWJ, Franken NAP, Haveman J, Geijsen ED, Crezee J and van Bree C: Hyperthermia, cisplatin and radiation trimodality treatment: a promising cancer treatment? A review from preclinical studies to clinical application. Int J Hyperthermia 23: 329-341, 2007. (Pubitemid 46930177)
27. Krawczyk PM, Eppink B, Essers J, Stap J, Rodermond H, Odijk H, Zelensky A, van Bree C, Stalpers LJ, Buist MR, Soullié T, Rens J, Verhagen HJ, O'Connor MJ, Franken NAP, Ten Hagen TL, Kanaar R and Aten JA: Mild hyperthermia inhibits homologous recombination, induces BRCA2 degradation, and sensitizes cancer cells to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 inhibition. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108: 9851-9856, 2011.
28. Franken NAP, van Bree C, Ten Cate R, van Oven CH and Haveman J: Importance of TP53 and RB in the repair of potentially lethal damage and induction of color junctions after exposure to ionizing radiation. Radiat Res 158: 707-714, 2002. (Pubitemid 35429965)
29. Gorodetsky R, Levy-Agababa F, Mou X and Vexler AM: Combination of cisplatin and radiation in cell culture: effect of duration of exposure to drug and timing of irradiation. Int J Cancer 75: 635-642, 1998. (Pubitemid 28094113)
30. Dueñas-Gonzalez A, Cetina L, Mariscal I and de la Garza J: Modern management of locally advanced cervical carcinoma. Cancer Treat Rev 29: 389-399, 2003. (Pubitemid 37185105)
31. Loprevite M, Favoni RE, de Cupis A, Pirani P, Pietra G, Bruno S, Grossi F, Scolaro T and Ardizzoni A: Interaction between novel anticancer agents and radiation in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. Lung Cancer 33: 27-39, 2001. (Pubitemid 32590791)
32. Begg AC, van der Kolk PJ, Dewit L and Bartelink H: Radiosensitization by cisplatin of RIF1 tumour cells in vitro. Int J Radiat Biol Relat Stud Phys Chem Med 50: 871-884, 1986. (Pubitemid 17179659)
33. Nakamoto S, Mitsuhashi N, Takahashi T, Sakurai H and Niibe H: An interaction of cisplatin and radiation in two rat yolk sac tumour cell lines with different radiosensitivities in vitro. Int J Radiat Biol 70: 747-753, 1996. (Pubitemid 26426813)
34. Bergs JWJ, Franken NAP, Ten Cate R, van Bree C and Haveman J: Effects of cisplatin and gamma-irradiation on cell survival, the induction of chromosomal aberrations and apoptosis in SW-1573 cells. Mutat Res 594: 148-154, 2006. (Pubitemid 43170994)
35. Fehlauer F, Barten-Van Rijbroek AD, Stalpers LJ, Leenstra S, Lindeman J, Tjahja I, Troost D, Wolbers JG, van der Valk P and Sminia P: Additive cytotoxic effect of cisplatin and X-irradiation on human glioma cell cultures derived from biopsy-tissue. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 126: 711-716, 2000.
36. Rabik CA and Dolan ME: Molecular mechanisms of resistance and toxicity associated with platinating agents. Cancer Treat Rev 33: 9-23, 2007. (Pubitemid 46137553)
37. Crul M, van Waardenburg RC, Beijnen JH and Schellens JH: DNA-based drug interactions of cisplatin. Cancer Treat Rev 28: 291-303, 2002. (Pubitemid 36054538)
38. Myint WK, Ng C and Raaphorst GP: Examining the non-homologous repair process following cisplatin and radiation treatments. Int J Radiat Biol 78: 417-424, 2002. (Pubitemid 34496892)
39. Lawrence TS, Blackstock AW and McGinn C: The mechanism of action of radiosensitization of conventional chemotherapeutic agents. Semin Radiat Oncol 13: 13-21, 2003. (Pubitemid 36173256)
40. Haveman J, Castro Kreder N, Rodermond HM, van Bree C, Franken NAP, Stalpers LJ, Zdzienicka MZ and Peters GJ: Cellular response of X-ray sensitive hamster mutant cell lines to gemcitabine, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil. Oncol Rep 12: 187-192, 2004.
41. De Silva IU., McHugh PJ, Clingen PH and Hartley JA: Defects in interstrand cross-link uncoupling do not account for the extreme sensitivity of ERCC1 and XPF cells to cisplatin. Nucleic Acids Res 30: 3848-3856, 2002. (Pubitemid 35012457)
42. Dronkert ML and Kanaar R: Repair of DNA interstrand cross-links. Mutat Res 486: 217-247, 2001. (Pubitemid 32763210)
43. Dolling JA, Boreham DR, Brown DL, Raaphorst GP and Mitchel RE: Cisplatin-modification of DNA repair and ionizing radiation lethality in yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mutat Res 433: 127-136, 1999. (Pubitemid 29101634)
44. Fossella FV, Lipmann SM, Shin DM, Tarassoff P, Calayag-Jung M, Perez-Soler R, Lee JS, Murphy WK, Glisson B, Rivera E and Hong WK: Maximum-tolerated dose defined for single-agent gemcitabine: a phase I dose-escalation study in chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 15: 310-316, 1997. (Pubitemid 27020589)
45. Manegold C, Zatloukal P, Krejcy K and Blatter J: Gemcitabine in non-small lung cancer (NSCLC). Invest New Drugs 18: 29-42, 2000. (Pubitemid 30175896)
46. Shewach DS and Lawrence TS: Gemcitabine and radiosensitization in human tumor cells. Invest New Drugs 14: 257-263, 1996. (Pubitemid 26383939)
47. Castro Kreder N, van Bree C, Franken NAP and Havenman J: Effects of gemcitabine on cell survival and chromosome aberrations after pulsed low dose-rate irradiation. J Radiat Res 45: 111-118, 2004. (Pubitemid 38698657)
48. Heinemann V, Xu YZ, Chubb S, Sen A, Hertel LW, Grindey GB and Plunkett W: Cellular elimination of 2′,2′-difluorodeoxycytidine 5′-triphosphate: a mechanism of self-potentiation. Cancer Res 52: 533-539, 1992.
49. Shewach DS, Hahn TM, Chang E, Hertel LW and Lawrence TS: Metabolism of 2′,2′-difluoro-2′-deoxycytidine and radiation sensitization of human colon carcinoma cells. Cancer Res 54: 3218-3223, 1994.
50. Plunkett W, Huang P and Gandhi V: Preclinical characteristics of gemcitabine. Anticancer Drugs 6 (Suppl 6): 7-13, 1995. (Pubitemid 26014890)
51. Auer H, Oehler R, Lindner R, Kowalski H, Sliutz G, Orel L, Kucera E, Simon MM and Glössl J: Characterisation of genotoxic properties of 2′,2′-difluorodeoxycytidine. Mutat Res 393: 165-173, 1997.
52. Rockwell S and Grindey GB: Effect of 2′,2′- difluorodeoxycytidine on the viability and radiosensitivity of EMT6 cells in vitro. Oncol Res 4: 151-155, 1992. (Pubitemid 23167108)
53. Shewach DS and Lawrence TS: Radiosensitization of human solid tumor cell lines with gemcitabine. Semin Oncol 23 (Suppl 10): 65-71, 1996. (Pubitemid 26362198)
54. Latz D, Fleckenstein K, Eble M, Blatter J, Wannenmacher M and Weber KJ: Radiosensitizing potential of gemcitabine (2′,2′-difluoro-2′- deoxycytidine) within the cell cycle in vitro. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 41: 875-882, 1998. (Pubitemid 28285968)
55. Gregoire V, Hittelman WN, Rosier JF and Milas L: Chemo-radiotherapy: Radiosensitizing nucleoside analogues (Review). Oncol Rep 6: 949-957, 1999.
56. Milas L, Fujii T, Hunter N, Elshaikh M, Mason K, Plunkett W, Ang KK and Hittelman W: Enhancement of tumor radioresponse in vivo by gemcitabine. Cancer Res 59: 107-114, 1999. (Pubitemid 29062965)
57. van Putten JWG, Groen HJM, Smid K, Peters GJ and Kampinga HH: End-joining deficiency and radiosensitization induced by gemcitabine. Cancer Res 61: 1585-1591, 2001. (Pubitemid 34292591)
58. Wachters FM, van Putten JWG, Maring JG, Zdzienicka MZ, Groen HJ and Kampinga HH: Selective targeting of homologous DNA recombination repair by gemcitabine. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 57: 553-562, 2002.
59. Castro Kreder N, van Bree C, Franken NAP and Haveman J: Colour junctions as predictors of radiosensitivity: X-irradiation combined with gemcitabine in a lung carcinoma cell line. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 129: 597-603, 2003. (Pubitemid 37363600)
60. Scalliet P, Goor C, Galdermans J, et al: Gemzar (gemcitabine) with thoracic radiotherapy - a phase II pilot study in chemo-naive patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (Abstract). Proc ASCO 17: 499a, 1998.
61. Blackstock AW, Lesser GJ, Fletcher-Steede J, Case LD, Tucker RW, Russo SM, White DR and Miller A: Phase I study of twice-weekly gemcitabine and concurrent thoracic radiation for patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 51: 1281-1289, 2001. (Pubitemid 33116322)
62. Bergman AM, Giaccone G, van Moorsel CJ, Mauritz R, Noordhuis P, Pinedo HM and Peters GJ: Cross-resistance in the 2′,2′-difluorodeoxycytidine (gemcitabine)-resistant human ovarian cancer cell line AG6000 to standard and investigational drugs. Eur J Cancer 36: 1974-1983, 2000.
63. Bergman AM, Pinedo HM, Jongsma AP, Brouwer M, Ruiz van Haperen VW, Veerman G, Leyva A, Eriksson S and Peters GJ: Decreased resistance to gemcitabine (2′,2′-difluorodeoxycitidine) of cytosine arabinoside-resistant myeloblastic murine and rat leukemia cell lines: role of altered activity and substrate specificity of deoxycytidine kinase. Biochem Pharmacol 57: 397-406, 1999. (Pubitemid 29065288)
64. van Bree C, Castro Kreder N, Loves WJ, Franken NAP, Peters GJ and Haveman J: Sensitivity to ionizing radiation and chemotherapeutic agents in gemcitabine-resistant human tumor cell lines. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 54: 237-244, 2002.
65. Stupp R, Mason WP, van den Bent MJ, Weller M, Fisher B, Taphoorn MJ, Belanger K, Brandes AA, Marosi C, Bogdahn U, Curschmann J, Janzer RC, Ludwin SK, Gorlia T, Allgeier A, Lacombe D, Cairncross JG, Eisenhauer E and Mirimanoff RO; European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Brain Tumor and Radiotherapy Groups; National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group: Radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide for glioblastoma. N Engl J Med 352: 987-996, 2005. (Pubitemid 40349501)
66. Stupp R, Hegi ME, Mason WP, van den Bent MJ, Taphoorn MJ, Janzer RC, et al: Effects of radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide versus radiotherapy alone on survival in glioblastoma in a randomised phase III study: 5-year analysis of the EORTC-NCIC trial. Lancet Oncol 10: 459-466, 2009.
67. Hegi ME, Diserens AC, Godard S, Dietrich PY, Regli L, Ostermann S, Otten P, Van Melle G, de Tribolet N and Stupp R: Clinical trial substantiates the predictive value of O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter methylation in glioblastoma patients treated with temozolomide. Clin Cancer Res 10: 1871-1874, 2004. (Pubitemid 38375541)
68. Hegi ME, Diserens AC, Gorlia T, Hamou MF, de Tribolet N, Weller M, Kros JM, Hainfellner JA, Mason W, Mariani L, Bromberg JE, Hau P, Mirimanoff RO, Cairncross JG, Janzer RC and Stupp R: MGMT gene silencing and benefit from temozolomide in glioblastoma. N Engl J Med 352: 997-1003, 2005. (Pubitemid 40349502)
69. Brennand J, Margison GP: Reduction of the toxicity and mutagenicity of alkylating agents in mammalian cells harboring the Escherichia coli alkyltransferase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83: 6292-6296, 1986. (Pubitemid 17174722)
70. Wedge SR, Porteus JK, May BL and Newlands ES: Potentiation of temozolomide and BCNU cytotoxicity by O(6)-benzylguanine: a comparative study in vitro. Br J Cancer 73: 482-490, 1996. (Pubitemid 26056467)
71. 6-methylguanine residues elicit DNA repair synthesis by human cell extracts. J Biol Chem 268: 15878-15886, 1993. (Pubitemid 23222092)
72. 6- methylguanine is Bcl-2 and caspase-9/3 regulated and Fas/caspase-8 independent. Cancer Res 60: 5815-5824, 2000.
73. Gerson SL: MGMT: its role in cancer aetiology and cancer therapeutics. Nat Rev Cancer 4: 296-307, 2004. (Pubitemid 38525285)
74. 6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase activity of human malignant glioma and its clinical implications. J Neurooncol 21: 135-140, 1994.
75. 6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase gene. Cancer Res 57: 3672-3677, 1997. (Pubitemid 27381206)
76. 6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) CpG island is associated with heterochromatinization of the MGMT transcription start site and silencing of the gene. Mol Cell Biol 17: 5612-5619, 1997. (Pubitemid 27357657)
77. Paz MF, Yaya-Tur R, Rojas-Marcos I, Reynes G, Pollan M, Aguirre-Cruz L, García-Lopez JL, Piquer J, Safont MJ, Balaña C, Sanchez-Cespedes M, García-Villanueva M, Arribas L and Esteller M: CpG island hypermethylation of the DNA repair enzyme methyltransferase predicts response to temozolomide in primary gliomas. Clin Cancer Res 10: 4933-4938, 2004. (Pubitemid 39099766)
78. Donson AM, Addo-Yobo SO, Handler MH, Gore L and Foreman NK: MGMT promoter methylation correlates with survival benefit and sensitivity to temozolomide in pediatric glioblastoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 48: 403-407, 2007. (Pubitemid 46340105)
79. Chalmers AJ, Ruff EM, Martindale C, Lovegrove N and Short SC: Cytotoxic effects of temozolomide and radiation are additive- and schedule-dependent. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 75: 1511-1519, 2009.
80. Esteller M, Garcia-Foncillas J, Andion E, Goodman SN, Hidalgo OF, Vanaclocha V, Baylin SB and Herman JG: Inactivation of the DNA-repair gene MGMT and the clinical response of gliomas to alkylating agents. N Engl J Med 343: 1350-1354, 2000.
81. Chakravarti A, Erkkinen MG, Nestler U, Stupp R, Mehta M, Aldape K, Gilbert MR, Black PM and Loeffler JS: Temozolomide-mediated radiation enhancement in glioblastoma: a report on underlying mechanisms. Clin Cancer Res 12: 4738-4746, 2006. (Pubitemid 44297828)
82. van Rijn J, Heimans JJ, van den Berg J, van der Valk P and Slotman BJ: Survival of human glioma cells treated with various combinations of temozolomide and X-rays. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 47: 779-784, 2000. (Pubitemid 30317499)
83. Wedge SR, Porteous JK, Glaser MG, Marcus K and Newlands ES: In vitro evaluation of temozolomide combined with X-irradiation. Anticancer Drugs 8: 92-97, 1997. (Pubitemid 27064756)
84. van Nifterik KA, van den Berg J, van der Meide WF, Ameziane N, Wedekind LE, Steenbergen RD, Leenstra S, Lafleur MV, Slotman BJ, Stalpers LJ and Sminia P: Absence of the MGMT protein as well as methylation of the MGMT promoter predict the sensitivity for temozolomide. Br J Cancer 103: 29-35, 2010.
85. van Nifterik KA, van den Berg J, Slotman BJ, Lafleur MV, Sminia P, Stalpers LJ: Valproic acid sensitizes human glioma cells for temozolomide and γ-radiation. J Neurooncol 107: 61-67, 2012.
86. Franken NAP, van Bree C, Streefkerk J, Kuper I, Rodermond H, Kipp JB and Barendsen GW: Radiosensitization by iodo-deoxyuridine in cultured SW-1573 human lung tumor cells: Effects on α and β of the linear-quadratic model. Oncol Rep 4: 1073-1076, 1997. (Pubitemid 27357244)
87. Franken NAP, Ruurs P, Ludwików G, van Bree C, Kipp JB, Darroudi F and Barendsen GW: Correlation between cell reproductive death and chromosome aberrations assessed by FISH for low and high doses of radiation and sensitization by iododeoxyuridine in human SW-1573 cells. Int J Radiat Biol 75: 293-299, 1999. (Pubitemid 29130595)
88. Iliakis G, Kurtzman S, Pantelias G and Okayasu R: Mechanism of radiosensitisation by halogenated pyrimidines: effect of BrdU on radiation induction of DNA and chromosome damage and its correlation with cell killing. Radiat Res 119: 286-304, 1989. (Pubitemid 19208559)
89. Iliakis G, Wang Y, Pantelias GE and Metzger L: Mechanism of radiosensitisation of halogenated pyrimidines: effect of BrdU on repair of DNA breaks, interphase chromatin breaks and potentially lethal damage in plateau-phase CHO cells. Radiat Res 129: 202-211, 1992.
90. Iliakis G, Wright E and Ngo FQ: Possible importance of PLD repair in the modulation of BrdUrd and IdUrd-mediated radiosensitisation in plateau-phase C3H10T1/2 mouse embryo cells. Int J Radiat Biol Relat Stud Phys Chem Med 51: 541-548, 1987. (Pubitemid 17059932)
91. Iliakis G, Pantelias G and Kurtzman S: Mechanism of radiosensitisation by halogenated pyrimidines: effect of BrdU on cell killing and interphase chromosome breakage in radiation-sensitive cells. Radiat Res 25: 56-64, 1991.
92. Miller EM, Fowler JF and Kinsella TJ: Linear-quadratic analysis of radiosensitisation by halogenated pyrimidines. I. Radiosensitisation of human colon cancer cells by iododeoxyuridine. Radiat Res 131: 81-89, 1992.
93. Miller EM, Fowler JF and Kinsella TJ: Linear-quadratic analysis of radiosensitisation by halogenated pyrimidines. II. Radiosensitisation of human colon cancer cells by bromodeoxyuridine. Radiat Res 131: 90-97, 1992.
94. Jones GD, Ward JF, Limoli CL, Moyer DJ and Aguilera JA: Mechanisms of radiosensitization in iododeoxyuridine-substituted cells. Int J Radiat Biol 67: 647-653, 1995.
95. Bouchard VJ, Rouleau M and Poirier GG: PARP-1, a determinant of cell survival in response to DNA damage. Exp Hematol 31: 446-454, 2003. (Pubitemid 36793950)
96. Rouleau M, Patel A, Hendzel MJ, Kaufmann SH and Poirier GG: PARP inhibition: PARP1 and beyond. Nat Rev Cancer 10: 293-301, 2010.
97. Löser DA, Shibata A, Shibata AK, Woodbine LJ, Jeggo PA and Chalmers AJ: Sensitization to radiation and alkylating agents by inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is enhanced in cells deficient in DNA double-strand break repair. Mol Cancer Ther 9: 1775-1787, 2010.
98. Cate RT, Krawczyk P, Stap J, Aten JA and Franken NAP: Radiosensitizing effect of the histone acetyltransferase inhibitor anacardic acid on various mammalian cell lines. Oncol Lett 1: 765-769, 2010.
99. Rodermond HM, Ten Cate R, Haveman J, van Kuilenburg A, Medema JP, van Bree C and Franken NAP: Cyclo-pentenylcytosine does not enhance cisplatin-induced radiosensitization in human lung tumour cells. Oncol Lett 1: 537-540, 2010.
100. Ryu S, Brown SL, Kim SH, Khil MS and Kim JH: Preferential radiosensitization of human prostatic carcinoma cells by mild hyperthermia. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 34: 133-138, 1996. (Pubitemid 26019962)
101. Bergs JWJ, Ten Cate R, Haveman J, Medema JP, Franken NAP and van Bree C: Chromosome fragments have the potential to predict hyperthermia-induced radio-sensitization in two different human tumor cell lines. J Radiat Res 49: 465-472, 2008.
102. van Bree C, Savonije JH, Franken NAP, Haveman J and Bakker PJ: The effect of p53-function on the sensitivity to paclitaxel with or without hyperthermia in human colorectal carcinoma cells. Int J Oncol 16: 739-744, 2000.
103. van Bree C, van der Maat B, Ceha HM, Franken NAP, Haveman J and Bakker PJ: Inactivation of p53 and of pRb protects human colorectal carcinoma cells against hyperthermia-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 125: 549-555, 1992.
104. -/-) human colorectal carcinoma cells display equivalent amounts of thermal radiosensitization. Radiat Res 160: 205-209, 2003. (Pubitemid 36897500)
105. Murthy AK, Harris JR and Belli JA: Hyperthermia and radiation response of plateau phase cells. Potentiation and radiation damage repair. Radiat Res 70: 241-247, 1977. (Pubitemid 8081775)
106. Xu M, Myerson RJ, Xia Y, Whitehead T, Moros EG, Straube WL and Roti Roti JL: The effects of 41 degrees C hyperthermia on the DNA repair protein, MRE11, correlate with radiosensitization in four human tumor cell lines. Int J Hyperthermia 23: 343-351, 2007. (Pubitemid 46930178)
107. Xu M, Wright WD, Higashikubo R, Wang LL and Roti Roti JL: Thermal radiosensitization of human tumour cell lines with different sensitivities to 41.1 degrees C. Int J Hyperthermia 15: 279-290, 1999. (Pubitemid 29349003)
108. Vujaskovic Z and Song CW: Physiological mechanisms underlying heat-induced radiosensitization. Int J Hyperthermia 20: 163-174, 2004. (Pubitemid 38425514)
109. Oleson JR: Eugene Robertson Special Lecture. Hyperthermia from the clinic to the laboratory: a hypothesis. Int J Hyperthermia 11: 315-322, 1995.
110. Song CW, Shakil A, Osborn JL and Iwata K: Tumour oxygenation is increased by hyperthermia at mild temperatures. Int J Hyperthermia 12: 367-373, 1996. (Pubitemid 26158699)
111. Xu M, Myerson RJ, Straube WL, Moros EG, Lagroye I, Wang LL, Lee JT and Roti Roti JL: Radiosensitization of heat resistant human tumour cells by 1 hour at 41.1 degrees C and its effect on DNA repair. Int J Hyperthermia 18: 385-403, 2002.
112. Mackey MA and Ianzini F: Enhancement of radiation-induced mitotic catastrophe by moderate hyperthermia. Int J Radiat Biol 76: 273-280, 2000. (Pubitemid 30093474)
113. Wilkins DE, Ng CE and Raaphorst GP: Cisplatin and low dose rate irradiation in cisplatin resistant and sensitive human glioma cells. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 36: 105-111, 1996. (Pubitemid 26314158)
114. Wilkins DE, Heller DP and Raaphorst GP: Inhibition of potentially lethal damage recovery by cisplatin in a brain tumor cell line. Anticancer Res 13: 2137-2142, 1993. (Pubitemid 24036340)
115. Huang H, Huang SY, Chen TT, Chen JC, Chiou CL and Huang TM: Cisplatin restores p53 function and enhances the radiosensitivity in HPV16 E6 containing SiHa cells. J Cell Biochem 91: 756-765, 2004.
116. Britten RA, Peacock J and Warenius HM: Collateral resistance to photon and neutron irradiation is associated with acquired cis-platinum resistance in human ovarian tumour cells. Radiother Oncol 23: 170-175, 1992.
117. Britten RA, Evans AJ, Allalunis-Turner MJ and Pearcey RG: Effect of cisplatin on the clinically relevant radiosensitivity of human cervical carcinoma cell lines. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 34: 367-374, 1996. (Pubitemid 26031581)
118. Monk BJ, Burger RA, Parker R, Radany EH, Redpath L and Fruehauf JP: Development of an in vitro chemo-radiation response assay for cervical carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 87: 193-199, 2002. (Pubitemid 36044086)
119. Meyn RE, Meistrich ML and White RA: Cycle-dependent anticancer drug cytotoxicity in mammalian cells synchronized by centrifugal elutriation. J Natl Cancer Inst 64: 1215-1219, 1980. (Pubitemid 10100338)
120. Krishnaswamy G and Dewey WC: Cisplatin induced cell killing and chromosomal aberrations in CHO cells: treated during G1 or S phase. Mutat Res 293: 161-172, 1993. (Pubitemid 23016408)
121. Turchi JJ, Henkels KM and Zhou Y: Cisplatin-DNA adducts inhibit translocation of the Ku subunits of DNA-PK. Nucleic Acids Res 28: 4634-4641, 2000.
122. Muggia FM and Fojo T: Platinums: extending their therapeutic spectrum. J Chemother 16 (Suppl 4): 77-82, 2004. (Pubitemid 40065289)
123. Dewit L: Combined treatment of radiation and cisdiamminedichloroplatinum (II): a review of experimental and clinical data. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 13: 403-426, 1987. (Pubitemid 17053953)
124. Kumala S, Niemiec P, Widel M, Hancock R and Rzeszowska-Wolny J: Apoptosis and clonogenic survival in three tumour cell lines exposed to gamma rays or chemical genotoxic agents. Cell Mol Biol Lett 8: 655-665, 2003. (Pubitemid 37221403)
125. Guchelaar HJ, Vermes I, Koopmans RP, Reutelingsperger CP and Haanen C: Apoptosis- and necrosis-inducing potential of cladribine, cytarabine, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil in vitro: a quantitative pharmacodynamic model. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 42: 77-83, 1998. (Pubitemid 28224995)
126. Fujita M, Fujita T, Kodama T, Tsuchida T and Higashino K: The inhibitory effect of cisplatin in combination with irradiation on lung tumor cell growth is due to induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Int J Oncol 17: 393-397, 2000.
127. Ostruszka LJ and Shewach DS: The role of cell cycle progression in radiosensitization by 2′,2′-difluoro-2′-deoxycytidine. Cancer Res 60: 6080-6088, 2000.
128. Ruiz van Haperen VW, Veerman G, Eriksson S, Boven E, Stegmann AP, Hermsen M, Vermorken JB, Pinedo HM and Peters GJ: Development and molecular characterization of a 2′,2′-difluorodeoxycytidine-resistant variant of the human ovarian carcinoma cell line A2780. Cancer Res 54: 4138-4143, 1994.
129. Peters GJ, Ruiz van Haperen VW, Bergman AM, Veerman G, Smitskamp-Wilms E, van Moorsel CJ, Kuiper CM and Braakhuis BJ: Preclinical combination therapy with gemcitabine and mechanisms of resistance. Sem Oncology 23 (Suppl 10): 16-24, 1996. (Pubitemid 26362190)
130. Wang Y, Pantelias GE and Iliakis G: Mechanism of radiosensitization by halogenated pyrimidines: the contribution of excess DNA and chromosome damage in BrdU radiosensitization may be minimal in plateau-phase cells. Int J Radiat Biol 66: 133-142, 1994. (Pubitemid 24285377)
131. Webb CF, Jones GD, Ward JF, Moyer DJ, Aguilera JA and Ling LL: Mechanisms of radiosensitisation in bromodeoxyuridine-substituted cells. Int J Radiat Biol 64: 695-705, 1993.
132. Albert JM, Cao C, Kim KW, Willey CD, Geng L, Xiao D, Wang H, Sandler A, Johnson DH, Colevas AD, Low J, Rothenberg ML and Lu B: Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase enhances cell death and improves tumor growth delay in irradiated lung cancer models. Clin Cancer Res 13: 3033-3042, 2007. (Pubitemid 46849580)
133. Douglas BG and Fowler JF: The effect of multiple small doses of x-rays on skin reactions in the mouse and a basic interpretation. Radiat Res 66: 401-426, 1976.