MiRNAs and melanoma: How are they connected?

Dermatology Research and Practice

Volumn 2012, Issue , 2012, Pages

  Da Cruz, Adriana Taveira ^a   Jasiulionis, Miriam Galvonas ^a  

^a FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF SÃO PAULO   (Brazil)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CYCLIN D1; DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE 1; DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE 3A; DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE 3B; GELATINASE A; GELATINASE B; INTERLEUKIN 6; INTERSTITIAL COLLAGENASE; MICROPHTHALMIA ASSOCIATED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; MICRORNA; MICRORNA 137; MICRORNA 148; MICRORNA 148A; MICRORNA 17; MICRORNA 182; MICRORNA 193B; MICRORNA 196A; MICRORNA 200A; MICRORNA 200B; MICRORNA 200C; MICRORNA 205; MICRORNA 211; MICRORNA 34A; NERVE CELL ADHESION MOLECULE; RNA POLYMERASE II; STROMELYSIN; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR E2F; TRANSIENT RECEPTOR POTENTIAL CHANNEL M1; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UVOMORULIN;

3' UNTRANSLATED REGION; 5' UNTRANSLATED REGION; APOPTOSIS; CANCER PROGNOSIS; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL DIVISION; CELL GROWTH; CELL INTERACTION; CELL INVASION; CELL PROLIFERATION; CELL SURFACE; CELL SURVIVAL; CYTOPLASM; DNA METHYLATION; EPIGENETICS; EPITHELIAL MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION; EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX; GENE DELETION; GENE LOCUS; GENE OVEREXPRESSION; GENE REPRESSION; HUMAN; MELANOCYTE; MELANOMA; MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY; NONHUMAN; PHENOTYPE; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; REVIEW; RNA CLEAVAGE; RNA SYNTHESIS; SKIN CARCINOGENESIS; TUMOR GROWTH;

EID: 84874914626     PISSN: None     EISSN: 16876113     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1155/2012/528345     Document Type: Review

References (110)

1. Kim V. N., Han J., Siomi M. C., Biogenesis of small RNAs in animals. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 2009 10 2 126 139 2-s2.0-58849112575 10.1038/nrm2632
2. He L., Hannon G. J., MicroRNAs: small RNAs with a big role in gene regulation. Nature Reviews Genetics 2004 5 7 522 531 2-s2.0-3042767202 10.1038/nrg1379 (Pubitemid 38868508)
3. Bartel D. P., MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function. Cell 2004 116 2 281 297 2-s2.0-0347444723 10.1016/S0092-8674(04)00045-5 (Pubitemid 38167318)
4. Volpe T., Martienssen R. A., RNA interference and heterochromatin assembly. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. In press
5. Watanabe T., Totoki Y., Toyoda A., Kaneda M., Kuramochi-Miyagawa S., Obata Y., Chiba H., Kohara Y., Kono T., Nakano T., Surani M. A., Sakaki Y., Sasaki H., Endogenous siRNAs from naturally formed dsRNAs regulate transcripts in mouse oocytes. Nature 2008 453 7194 539 543 2-s2.0-44349130233 10.1038/nature06908 (Pubitemid 351733315)
6. Kuramochi-Miyagawa S., Watanabe T., Gotoh K., Totoki Y., Toyoda A., Ikawa M., Asada N., Kojima K., Yamaguchi Y., Ijiri T. W., Hata K., Li EN., Matsuda Y., Kimura T., Okabe M., Sakaki Y., Sasaki H., Nakano T., DNA methylation of retrotransposon genes is regulated by Piwi family members MILI and MIWI2 in murine fetal testes. Genes and Development 2008 22 7 908 917 2-s2.0-41649116098 10.1101/gad.1640708 (Pubitemid 351482844)
7. Ohnishi Y., Totoki Y., Toyoda A., Watanabe T., Yamamoto Y., Tokunaga K., Sakaki Y., Sasaki H., Hohjoh H., hohjohh@ncnp.go.jp Small RNA class transition from siRNA/piRNA to miRNA during pre-implantation mouse development. Nucleic Acids Research 2010 38 15 5141 5151 10.1093/nar/gkq229
8. Lee R. C., Feinbaum R. L., Ambros V., The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14. Cell 1993 75 5 843 854 2-s2.0-0027751663 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90529-Y (Pubitemid 24014542)
9. Liu Q., Paroo Z., Biochemical principles of small RNA pathways. Annual Review of Biochemistry 2010 79 295 319 2-s2.0-77953635299
10. Bartel D. P., MicroRNAs: target recognition and regulatory functions. Cell 2009 136 2 215 233 2-s2.0-58249088751 10.1016/j.cell.2009.01.002
11. Lewis B. P., Burge C. B., Bartel D. P., Conserved seed pairing, often flanked by adenosines, indicates that thousands of human genes are microRNA targets. Cell 2005 120 1 15 20 2-s2.0-11844278458 10.1016/j.cell.2004.12.035 (Pubitemid 40094598)
12. Mocellin S., Pasquali S., Pilati P., Oncomirs: from tumor biology to molecularly targeted anticancer strategies. Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2009 9 1 70 80 2-s2.0-62749132978 10.2174/138955709787001802
13. Tsao H., Goel V., Wu H., Yang G., Haluska F. G., Genetic interaction between NRAS and BRAF mutations and PTEN/MMAC1 inactivation in melanoma. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2004 122 2 337 341 2-s2.0-1442274619 10.1046/j.0022-202X.2004.22243.x (Pubitemid 38281053)
14. Meyle K. D., Guldberg P., Genetic risk factors for melanoma. Human Genetics 2009 126 4 499 510 2-s2.0-70350152582 10.1007/s00439-009-0715-9
15. Lin J. Y., Fisher D. E., Melanocyte biology and skin pigmentation. Nature 2007 445 7130 843 850 2-s2.0-33847188116 10.1038/nature05660
16. Box N. F., Terzian T., The role of p53 in pigmentation, tanning and melanoma. Pigment Cell and Melanoma Research 2008 21 5 525 533 2-s2.0-52149120730 10.1111/j.1755-148X.2008.00495.x
17. Nihal M., Roelke C. T., Wood G. S., Anti-melanoma effects of vorinostat in combination with polyphenolic antioxidant (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Pharmaceutical Research 2010 27 6 1103 1114 2-s2.0-77953232497 10.1007/s11095-010-0054-5
18. Howell R. C., Revskaya E., Pazo V., Nosanchuk J. D., Casadevall A., Dadachova E., Phage display library derived peptides that bind to human tumor melanin as potential vehicles for targeted radionuclide therapy of metastatic melanoma. Bioconjugate Chemistry 2007 18 6 1739 1748 2-s2.0-36849087052 10.1021/bc060330u (Pubitemid 350219971)
19. Garbe C., Eigentler T. K., Diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous melanoma: state of the art 2006. Melanoma Research 2007 17 2 117 127 2-s2.0-34247635551 10.1097/CMR.0b013e328042bb36 (Pubitemid 46673905)
20. Gray-Schopfer V., Wellbrock C., Marais R., Melanoma biology and new targeted therapy. Nature 2007 445 7130 851 857 2-s2.0-33847220364 10.1038/nature05661
21. Howell P. M., Liu S., Ren S., Behlen C., Fodstad O., Riker A. I., Epigenetics in human melanoma. Cancer Control 2009 16 3 200 218 2-s2.0-67650541135
22. Ambros V., The functions of animal microRNAs. Nature 2004 431 7006 350 355 2-s2.0-4644309196 10.1038/nature02871 (Pubitemid 39265675)
23. Kawamata T., Tomari Y., Making RISC. Trends in Biochemical Sciences 2010 35 7 368 376 2-s2.0-77954310919 10.1016/j.tibs.2010.03.009
24. Borchert G. M., Lanier W., Davidson B. L., RNA polymerase III transcribes human microRNAs. Nature Structural and Molecular Biology 2006 13 12 1097 1101 2-s2.0-33845370280 10.1038/nsmb1167 (Pubitemid 44885920)
25. Calin G. A., Sevignani C., Dumitru C. D., Hyslop T., Noch E., Yendamuri S., Shimizu M., Rattan S., Bullrich F., Negrini M., Croce C. M., Human microRNA genes are frequently located at fragile sites and genomic regions involved in cancers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2004 101 9 2999 3004 2-s2.0-12144290519 10.1073/pnas.0307323101 (Pubitemid 38327724)
26. Molognoni F., Cruz A. T., Meliso F. M., Morais A. S., Souza C. F., Xander P., Bischof J. M., Costa F. F., Soares M. B., Liang G., Jones P. A., Jasiulionis M. G., mgjasiulionis@unifesp.br Epigenetic reprogramming as a key contributor to melanocyte malignant transformation. Epigenetics 2011 6 4 451 465 10.4161/epi.6.4.14917
27. Melo S. A., Moutinho C., Ropero S., Calin G. A., Rossi S., Spizzo R., Fernandez A. F., Davalos V., Villanueva A., Montoya G., Yamamoto H., Schwartz S., Esteller M., mesteller@iconcologia.net A genetic defect in exportin-5 traps precursor MicroRNAs in the nucleus of cancer cells. Cancer Cell 2010 18 4 303 315 10.1016/j.ccr.2010.09.007
28. Cowland J. B., Hother C., GrønbæK K., MicroRNAs and cancer. Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica et Immunologica Scandinavica 2007 115 10 1090 1106 2-s2.0-36548999250 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2007.apm-775.xml.x (Pubitemid 350179476)
29. Wang Y., Medvid R., Melton C., Jaenisch R., Blelloch R., DGCR8 is essential for microRNA biogenesis and silencing of embryonic stem cell self-renewal. Nature Genetics 2007 39 3 380 385 2-s2.0-33847323881 10.1038/ng1969 (Pubitemid 46328490)
30. Muralidhar B., Goldstein L. D., Ng G., Winder D. M., Palmer R. D., Gooding E. L., Barbosa-Morais N. L., Mukherjee G., Thorne N. P., Roberts I., Pett M. R., Coleman N., Global microRNA profiles in cervical squamous cell carcinoma depend on Drosha expression levels. Journal of Pathology 2007 212 4 368 377 2-s2.0-34547114724 10.1002/path.2179 (Pubitemid 47099013)
31. Sugito N., Ishiguro H., Kuwabara Y., Kimura M., Mitsui A., Kurehara H., Ando T., Mori R., Takashima N., Ogawa R., Fujii Y., RNASEN regulates cell proliferation and affects survival in esophageal cancer patients. Clinical Cancer Research 2006 12 24 7322 7328 2-s2.0-33846258745 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR- 06-0515 (Pubitemid 46095404)
32. Meister G., Tuschl T., Mechanisms of gene silencing by double-stranded RNA. Nature 2004 431 7006 343 349 2-s2.0-4644223259 10.1038/nature02873 (Pubitemid 39265674)
33. Zhang L., Huang J., Yang N., Greshock J., Megraw M. S., Giannakakis A., Liang S., Naylor T. L., Barchetti A., Ward M. R., Yao G., Medina A., O'Brien-Jenkins A., Katsaros D., Hatzigeorgiou A., Gimotty P. A., Weber B. L., Coukos G., microRNAs exhibit high frequency genomic alterations in human cancer. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2006 103 24 9136 9141 2-s2.0-33745168962 10.1073/pnas.0508889103 (Pubitemid 43902545)
34. Gregory R. I., Shiekhattar R., MicroRNA biogenesis and cancer. Cancer Research 2005 65 9 3509 3512 2-s2.0-18144365478 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-0298 (Pubitemid 40616320)
35. Perron M. P., Provost P., Protein components of the microRNA pathway and human diseases. Methods in Molecular Biology 2009 487 369 385 2-s2.0-64549113058
36. Berezikov E., Chung W. J., Willis J., Cuppen E., Lai E. C., Mammalian mirtron genes. Molecular Cell 2007 28 2 328 336 2-s2.0-35348933779 10.1016/j.molcel.2007.09.028 (Pubitemid 47600007)
37. Levy C., Khaled M., Robinson K. C., Veguilla R. A., Chen P. H., Yokoyama S., Makino E., Lu J., Larue L., Beermann F., Chin L., Bosenberg M., Song J. S., Fisher D. E., Lineage-specific transcriptional regulation of DICER by MITF in melanocytes. Cell 2010 141 6 994 1005 2-s2.0-77953694905 10.1016/j.cell.2010.05. 004
38. Sand M., Gambichler T., Sand D., Altmeyer P., Stuecker M., Bechara F. G., Immunohistochemical expression patterns of the microRNA-processing enzyme Dicer in cutaneous malignant melanomas, benign melanocytic nevi and dysplastic melanocytic nevi. European Journal of Dermatology 2011 21 1 18 21
39. Haase A. D., Jaskiewicz L., Zhang H., Lainé S., Sack R., Gatignol A., Filipowicz W., TRBP, a regulator of cellular PKR and HIV-1 virus expression, interacts with Dicer and functions in RNA silencing. EMBO Reports 2005 6 10 961 967 2-s2.0-27144550559 10.1038/sj.embor.7400509 (Pubitemid 41521952)
40. Lee Y., Hur I., Park S. Y., Kim Y. K., Mi R. S., Kim V. N., The role of PACT in the RNA silencing pathway. EMBO Journal 2006 25 3 522 532 2-s2.0-32544460452 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600942 (Pubitemid 43237659)
41. Trabucchi M., Briata P., Garcia-Mayoral M., Haase A. D., Filipowicz W., Ramos A., Gherzi R., Rosenfeld M. G., The RNA-binding protein KSRP promotes the biogenesis of a subset of microRNAs. Nature 2009 459 7249 1010 1014 2-s2.0-67649277689 10.1038/nature08025
42. Melo S. A., Ropero S., Moutinho C., Aaltonen L. A., Yamamoto H., Calin G. A., Rossi S., Fernandez A. F., Carneiro F., Oliveira C., Ferreira B., Liu C. G., Villanueva A., Capella G., Schwartz S., Shiekhattar R., Esteller M., A TARBP2 mutation in human cancer impairs microRNA processing and DICER1 function. Nature Genetics 2009 41 3 365 370 2-s2.0-61349127117 10.1038/ng.317
43. Benkirane M., Neuveut C., Chun R. F., Smith S. M., Samuel C. E., Gatignol A., Jeang K. T., Oncogenic potential of TAR RNA binding protein TRBP and its regulatory interaction with RNA-dependent protein kinase PKR. EMBO Journal 1997 16 3 611 624 2-s2.0-0031014063 10.1093/emboj/16.3.611 (Pubitemid 27067790)
44. Boominathan L., lakshmanan.boominathan@gmail.com The tumor suppressors p53, p63, and p73 are regulators of microRNA processing complex. PLoS One 2010 5 5 e10615 10.1371/journal.pone.0010615
45. Rigoutsos I., New tricks for animal micrornas: targeting of amino acid coding regions at conserved and nonconserved sites. Cancer Research 2009 69 8 3245 3248 2-s2.0-65949121645 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-0352
46. Davis-Dusenbery B. N., Hata A., akiko.hata@tufts.edu Mechanisms of control of microRNA biogenesis. Journal of Biochemistry 2010 148 4 381 392 10.1093/jb/mvq096
47. Adams B. D., Claffey K. P., White B. A., Argonaute-2 expression is regulated by epidermal growth factor receptor and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and correlates with a transformed phenotype in breast cancer cells. Endocrinology 2009 150 1 14 23 2-s2.0-58149457065 10.1210/en.2008-0984
48. Bennett D. C., How to make a melanoma: what do we know of the primary clonal events? Pigment Cell and Melanoma Research 2008 21 1 27 38 2-s2.0-41049114747 10.1111/j.1755-148X.2007.00433.x (Pubitemid 351421467)
49. Miller A. J., Mihm M. C. Jr., Melanoma. New England Journal of Medicine 2006 355 1 51 65 2-s2.0-33745684404 10.1056/NEJMra052166
50. Tang A., Eller M. S., Hara M., Yaar M., Hirohashi S., Gilchrest B. A., E-cadherin is the major mediator of human melanocyte adhesion to keratinocytes in vitro. Journal of Cell Science 1994 107 4 983 992 2-s2.0-0028334894 (Pubitemid 24119356)
51. Satyamoorthy K., Herlyn M., Cellular and molecular biology of human melanoma. Cancer Biology & Therapy 2002 1 1 14 17 2-s2.0-0036043964
52. Haass N. K., Herlyn M., Normal human melanocyte homeostasis as a paradigm for understanding melanoma. The Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings 2005 10 2 153 163 2-s2.0-33644701437
53. Mueller D. W., Bosserhoff A. K., MicroRNA miR-196a controls melanoma-associated genes by regulating HOX-C8 expression. International Journal of Cancer 2011 129 5 1064 1074
54. Magli M. C., Barba P., Celetti A., De Vita G., Cillo C., Boncinelli E., Coordinate regulation of HOX genes in human hematopoietic cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1991 88 14 6348 6352 2-s2.0-0025858183 (Pubitemid 21914943)
55. Yekta S., Shih I. H., Bartel D. P., MicroRNA-directed cleavage of HOXB8 mRNA. Science 2004 304 5670 594 596 2-s2.0-2142654329 10.1126/science.1097434 (Pubitemid 38541919)
56. Their J. P., Epithelial-mesenchymal transitions in tumor progression. Nature Reviews Cancer 2002 2 6 442 454 2-s2.0-0036595629 (Pubitemid 37328941)
57. Brabletz S., Brabletz T., thomas.brabletz@uniklinik-freiburg.de The ZEB/miR-200 feedback loop-a motor of cellular plasticity in development and cancer? EMBO Reports 2010 11 9 670 677 10.1038/embor.2010.117
58. Burk U., Schubert J., Wellner U., Schmalhofer O., Vincan E., Spaderna S., Brabletz T., A reciprocal repression between ZEB1 and members of the miR-200 family promotes EMT and invasion in cancer cells. EMBO Reports 2008 9 6 582 589 2-s2.0-44649163918 10.1038/embor.2008.74 (Pubitemid 351772923)
59. Gregory P. A., Bert A. G., Paterson E. L., Barry S. C., Tsykin A., Farshid G., Vadas M. A., Khew-Goodall Y., Goodall G. J., The miR-200 family and miR-205 regulate epithelial to mesenchymal transition by targeting ZEB1 and SIP1. Nature Cell Biology 2008 10 5 593 601 2-s2.0-43049103824 10.1038/ncb1722 (Pubitemid 351627379)
60. Mueller D. W., Rehli M., Bosserhoff A. K., miRNA expression profiling in melanocytes and melanoma cell lines reveals miRNAs associated with formation and progression of malignant melanoma. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2009 129 7 1740 1751 2-s2.0-67449119421 10.1038/jid.2008.452
61. Schultz J., Lorenz P., Gross G., Ibrahim S., Kunz M., MicroRNA let-7b targets important cell cycle molecules in malignant melanoma cells and interferes with anchorage-independent growth. Cell Research 2008 18 5 549 557 2-s2.0-43049133807 10.1038/cr.2008.45 (Pubitemid 351630945)
62. Rosenfeld N., Aharonov R., Meiri E., Rosenwald S., Spector Y., Zepeniuk M., Benjamin H., Shabes N., Tabak S., Levy A., Lebanony D., Goren Y., Silberschein E., Targan N., Ben-Ari A., Gilad S., Sion-Vardy N., Tobar A., Feinmesser M., Kharenko O., Nativ O., Nass D., Perelman M., Yosepovich A., Shalmon B., Polak-Charcon S., Fridman E., Avniel A., Bentwich I., Bentwich Z., Cohen D., Chajut A., Barshack I., MicroRNAs accurately identify cancer tissue origin. Nature Biotechnology 2008 26 4 462 469 2-s2.0-41849114566 10.1038/nbt1392 (Pubitemid 351501813)
63. Elson-Schwab I., Lorentzen A., Marshall C. J., chris.marshall@icr.ac.uk MicroRNA-200 family members differentially regulate morphological plasticity and mode of melanoma cell invasion. PLoS One 2010 5 10 10.1371/journal.pone.0013176
64. Hodgkinson C. A., Moore K. J., Nakayama A., Steingrimsson E., Copeland N. G., Jenkins N. A., Arnheiter H., Mutations at the mouse microphthalmia locus are associated with defects in a gene encoding a novel basic-helix-loop-helix- zipper protein. Cell 1993 74 2 395 404 2-s2.0-0027204149 10.1016/0092-8674(93) 90429-T (Pubitemid 23221714)
65. Yasumoto K. I., Yokoyama K., Shibata K., Tomita Y., Shibahara S., Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor as a regulator for melanocyte-specific transcription of the human tyrosinase gene. Molecular and Cellular Biology 1994 14 12 8058 8070 2-s2.0-0028051530 (Pubitemid 24373554)
66. Vachtenheim J., jivach@upn.anet.cz Borovanský J., Transcription physiology of pigment formation in melanocytes: central role of MITF. Experimental Dermatology 2010 19 7 617 627 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2009.01053.x
67. Garraway L. A., Widlund H. R., Rubin M. A., Getz G., Berger A. J., Ramaswamy S., Beroukhim R., Milner D. A., Granter S. R., Du J., Lee C., Wagner S. N., Li C., Golub T. R., Rimm D. L., Meyerson M. L., Fisher D. E., Sellers W. R., Integrative genomic analyses identify MITF as a lineage survival oncogene amplified in malignant melanoma. Nature 2005 436 7047 117 122 2-s2.0-21844478747 10.1038/nature03664 (Pubitemid 40966196)
68. Segura M. F., Hanniford D., Menendez S., Reavie L., Zou X., Alvarez-Diaz S., Zakrzewski J., Blochin E., Rose A., Bogunovic D., Polsky D., Wei J., Lee P., Belitskaya-Levy I., Bhardwaj N., Osman I., Hernando E., Aberrant miR-182 expression promotes melanoma metastasis by repressing FOXO3 and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2009 106 6 1814 1819 2-s2.0-60549112361 10.1073/pnas.0808263106
69. Haflidadóttir B. S., Bergsteinsdóttir K., Praetorius C., Steingrímsson E., eirikurs@hi.is miR-148 regulates Mitf in melanoma cells. PLoS One 2010 5 7 e11574 10.1371/journal.pone.0011574
70. Bemis L. T., Chen R., Amato C. M., Classen E. H., Robinson S. E., Coffey D. G., Erickson P. F., Shellman Y. G., Robinson W. A., MicroRNA-137 targets microphthalmia-associated transcription factor in melanoma cell lines. Cancer Research 2008 68 5 1362 1368 2-s2.0-40449094344 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-2912 (Pubitemid 351346843)
71. Bloch M., Ousingsawat J., Simon R., Schraml P., Gasser T. C., Mihatsch M. J., Kunzelmann K., Bubendorf L., KCNMA1 gene amplification promotes tumor cell proliferation in human prostate cancer. Oncogene 2007 26 17 2525 2534 2-s2.0-34247126153 10.1038/sj.onc.1210036 (Pubitemid 46597266)
72. Miller A. J., Du J., Rowan S., Hershey C. L., Widlund H. R., Fisher D. E., Transcriptional regulation of the melanoma prognostic marker melastatin (TRPM1) by MITF in melanocytes and melanoma. Cancer Research 2004 64 2 509 516 2-s2.0-1642515793 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-2440 (Pubitemid 38120889)
73. Mazar J., de Young K., Khaitan D., Meister E., Almodovar A., Goydos J., Ray A., Perera R. J., rperera@sanfordburnham.org The regulation of miRNA-211 expression and its role in melanoma cell invasiveness. PLoS One 2010 5 11 e13779 10.1371/journal.pone.0013779
74. Chen J., Feilotter H. E., Paré G. C., Zhang X., Pemberton J. G. W., Garady C., Lai D., Yang X., Tron V. A., MicroRNA-193b represses cell proliferation and regulates cyclin D1 in melanoma. American Journal of Pathology 2010 176 5 2520 2529 2-s2.0-77952028244 10.2353/ajpath.2010.091061
75. Philippidou D., Schmitt M., Moser D., Margue C., Nazarov P. V., Muller A., Vallar L., Nashan D., Behrmann I., Kreis S., Signatures of MicroRNAs and selected MicroRNA target genes in human melanoma. Cancer Research 2010 70 10 4163 4173 2-s2.0-77952838399 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-4512
76. Johnson S. M., Grosshans H., Shingara J., Byrom M., Jarvis R., Cheng A., Labourier E., Reinert K. L., Brown D., Slack F. J., RAS is regulated by the let-7 microRNA family. Cell 2005 120 5 635 647 2-s2.0-20044395613 10.1016/j.cell.2005.01.014 (Pubitemid 40343076)
77. Peter M. E., Let-7 and miR-200 microRNAs: guardians against pluripotency and cancer progression. Cell Cycle 2009 8 6 843 852 2-s2.0-65349162096
78. Sauter E. R., Yeo U. C., Von Stemm A., Zhu W., Litwin S., Tichansky D. S., Pistritto G., Nesbit M., Pinkel D., Herlyn M., Bastian B. C., Cyclin D1 is a candidate oncogene in cutaneous melanoma. Cancer Research 2002 62 11 3200 3206 2-s2.0-0036605974 (Pubitemid 34602414)
79. Dar A. A., Majid S., De Semir D., Nosrati M., Bezrookove V., Kashani-Sabet M., kashani@cpmcri.org miRNA-205 suppresses melanoma cell proliferation and induces senescence via regulation of E2F1 protein. Journal of Biological Chemistry 2011 286 19 16606 16614 10.1074/jbc.M111.227611
80. Hoekstra R., Eskens F. A. L. M., Verweij J., Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors: current developments and future perspectives. Oncologist 2001 6 5 415 427 2-s2.0-0034751435 10.1634/theoncologist.6-5-415 (Pubitemid 33022212)
81. Fu T.-Y., Chang C.-C., Lin C.-T., Lai C.-H., Peng S.-Y., Ko Y.-J., Tang P.-C., pctang@dragon.nchu.edu.tw Let-7b-mediated suppression of basigin expression and metastasis in mouse melanoma cells. Experimental Cell Research 2011 317 4 445 451 10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.11.004
82. Walsh C. P., Bestor T. H., Cytosine methylation and mammalian development. Genes and Development 1999 13 1 26 34 2-s2.0-0032901199 (Pubitemid 29045113)
83. Attwood J. T., Yung R. L., Richardson B. C., DNA methylation and the regulation of gene transcription. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 2002 59 2 241 257 2-s2.0-0036178007 10.1007/s00018-002-8420-z (Pubitemid 34169512)
84. Siedlecki P., Zielenkiewicz P., Mammalian DNA methyltransferases. Acta Biochimica Polonica 2006 53 2 245 256 2-s2.0-33745870851 (Pubitemid 44033922)
85. Gal-Yam E. N., Saito Y., Egger G., Jones P. A., Cancer epigenetics: modifications, screening, and therapy. Annual Review of Medicine 2008 59 267 280 2-s2.0-39649122136 10.1146/annurev.med.59.061606.095816 (Pubitemid 351287937)
86. Łuczak M. W., Jagodziński P. P., The role of DNA methylation in cancer development. Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica 2006 44 3 143 154 2-s2.0-33746557514 (Pubitemid 44131981)
87. Brown R., Strathdee G., Epigenomics and epigenetic therapy of cancer. Trends in Molecular Medicine 2002 8 4 S43 S48 2-s2.0-0036216505 10.1016/S1471-4914(02)02314-6 (Pubitemid 34297078)
88. Okano M., Bell D. W., Haber D. A., Li E., DNA methyltransferases Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b are essential for de novo methylation and mammalian development. Cell 1999 99 3 247 257 2-s2.0-0033615717 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81656-6 (Pubitemid 29519904)
89. Xu G. L., Bestor T. H., Bourc'his D., Hsieh C. L., Tommerup N., Bugge M., Hulten M., Qu X., Russo J. J., Viegas-Péquignot E., Chromosome instability and immunodeficiency syndrome caused by mutations in a DNA methyltransferase gene. Nature 1999 402 6758 187 191 2-s2.0-0033547330 10.1038/46052
90. Lin R. K., Hsu H. S., Chang J. W., Chen C. Y., Chen J. T., Wang YI. C., Alteration of DNA methyltransferases contributes to 5′CpG methylation and poor prognosis in lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2007 55 2 205 213 2-s2.0-33846111256 10.1016/j.lungcan.2006.10.022 (Pubitemid 46074232)
91. Braconi C., Huang N., Patel T., Microrna-dependent regulation of DNA methyltransferase-1 and tumor suppressor gene expression by interleukin-6 in human malignant cholangiocytes. Hepatology 2010 51 3 881 890 2-s2.0-77950600443 10.1002/hep.23381
92. Meng F., Yamagiwa Y., Ueno Y., Patel T., Over-expression of interleukin-6 enhances cell survival and transformed cell growth in human malignant cholangiocytes. Journal of Hepatology 2006 44 6 1055 1065 2-s2.0-33746902024 10.1016/j.jhep.2005.10.030 (Pubitemid 44308229)
93. Duursma A. M., Kedde M., Schrier M., Le Sage C., Agami R., miR-148 targets human DNMT3b protein coding region. RNA 2008 14 5 872 877 2-s2.0-42449086421 10.1261/rna.972008 (Pubitemid 351574909)
94. Fabbri M., Garzon R., Cimmino A., Liu Z., Zanesi N., Callegari E., Liu S., Alder H., Costinean S., Fernandez-Cymering C., Volinia S., Guler G., Morrison C. D., Chan K. K., Marcucci G., Calin G. A., Huebner K., Croce C. M., MicroRNA-29 family reverts aberrant methylation in lung cancer by targeting DNA methyltransferases 3A and 3B. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007 104 40 15805 15810 2-s2.0-35649020283 10.1073/pnas.0707628104 (Pubitemid 350035380)
95. Han L., Witmer P. D., Casey E., Valle D., Sukumar S., DNA methylation regulates microRNA expression. Cancer Biology and Therapy 2007 6 8 1284 1288 2-s2.0-38949115888 (Pubitemid 351590384)
96. Lodygin D., Tarasov V., Epanchintsev A., Berking C., Knyazeva T., Körner H., Knyazev P., Diebold J., Hermeking H., Inactivation of miR-34a by aberrant CpG methylation in multiple types of cancer. Cell Cycle 2008 7 16 2591 2600 2-s2.0-49749126791
97. He X., He L., Hannon G. J., The guardian's little helper: microRNAs in the p53 tumor suppressor network. Cancer Research 2007 67 23 11099 11101 2-s2.0-37049010980 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-2672 (Pubitemid 350248530)
98. Brueckner B., Stresemann C., Kuner R., Mund C., Musch T., Meister M., Sültmann H., Lyko F., The human let-7a-3 locus contains an epigenetically regulated microRNA gene with oncogenic function. Cancer Research 2007 67 4 1419 1423 2-s2.0-33847748913 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-4074 (Pubitemid 46383365)
99. Vidwans S. J., Flaherty K. T., Fisher D. E., Tenenbaum J. M., Travers M. D., Shrager J., jshrager@stanford.edu A melanoma molecular disease model. PLoS One 2011 6 3 e18257 10.1371/journal.pone.0018257
100. Krutovskikh V. A., Herceg Z., herceg@iarc.fr Oncogenic microRNAs (OncomiRs) as a new class of cancer biomarkers. BioEssays 2010 32 10 894 904 10.1002/bies.201000040
101. Mitchell P. S., Parkin R. K., Kroh E. M., Fritz B. R., Wyman S. K., Pogosova-Agadjanyan E. L., Peterson A., Noteboom J., O'Briant K. C., Allen A., Lin D. W., Urban N., Drescher C. W., Knudsen B. S., Stirewalt D. L., Gentleman R., Vessella R. L., Nelson P. S., Martin D. B., Tewari M., Circulating microRNAs as stable blood-based markers for cancer detection. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2008 105 30 10513 10518 2-s2.0-48749122914 10.1073/pnas.0804549105
102. Osaki M., Takeshita F., Ochiya T., MicroRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic drugs in human cancer. Biomarkers 2008 13 7-8 658 670 2-s2.0-58049219002 10.1080/13547500802646572
103. Holst L. M. B., lhol0034@bbh.regionh.dk Kaczkowski B., Glud M., Futoma-Kazmierczak E., Hansen L. F., Gniadecki R., The microRNA molecular signature of atypic and common acquired melanocytic nevi: differential expression of miR-125b and let-7c. Experimental Dermatology 2011 20 3 278 280 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2010.01163.x
104. Scatolini M., Grand M. M., Grosso E., Venesio T., Pisacane A., Balsamo A., Sirovich R., Risio M., Chiorino G., Altered molecular pathways in melanocytic lesions. International Journal of Cancer 2010 126 8 1869 1881 2-s2.0-77949876566 10.1002/ijc.24899
105. Glud M., glud.martin@gmail.com Rossing M., Hother C., Holst L., Hastrup N., Nielsen F. C., Gniadecki R., Drzewiecki K. T., Downregulation of miR-125b in metastatic cutaneous malignant melanoma. Melanoma Research 2010 20 6 479 484 10.1097/CMR.0b013e32833e32a1
106. Felicetti F., Errico M. C., Bottero L., Segnalini P., Stoppacciaro A., Biffoni M., Felli N., Mattia G., Petrini M., Colombo M. P., Peschle C., Carè A., alessandra.care@iss.it The promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger-microRNA-221/-222 pathway controls melanoma progression through multiple oncogenic mechanisms. Cancer Research 2008 68 8 2745 2754 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN- 07-2538 (Pubitemid 351556272)
107. Kanemaru H., Fukushima S., satoshi.fukushima.tb@gmail.com Yamashita J., Honda N., Oyama R., Kakimoto A., Masuguchi S., Ishihara T., Inoue Y., Jinnin M., Ihn H., The circulating microRNA-221 level in patients with malignant melanoma as a new tumor marker. Journal of Dermatological Science 2011 61 3 187 193 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2010.12.010
108. Ciafrè S. A., Galardi S., Mangiola A., Ferracin M., Liu C. G., Sabatino G., Negrini M., Maira G., Croce C. M., Farace M. G., Extensive modulation of a set of microRNAs in primary glioblastoma. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2005 334 4 1351 1358 2-s2.0-23044464236 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.07.030 (Pubitemid 41074723)
109. Zhang C. Z., Han L., Zhang A. L., Fu Y. C., Yue X., Wang G. X., Jia Z. F., Pu P. Y., Zhang Q. Y., Kang C. S., MicroRNA-221 and microRNA-222 regulate gastric carcinoma cell proliferation and radioresistance by targeting PTEN. BMC Cancer 2010 10 367 2-s2.0-77954412033 10.1186/1471-2407-10-367
110. Huynh C., Segura M. F., Gaziel-Sovran A., Menendez S., Darvishian F., Chiriboga L., Levin B., Meruelo D., Osman I., Zavadil J., Marcusson E. G., Hernando E., eva.hernando@med.nyu.edu Efficient in vivo microRNA targeting of liver metastasis. Oncogene 2011 30 12 1481 1488 10.1038/onc.2010.523