Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder - a brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

Frontiers in Psychiatry

Volumn 2, Issue NOV, 2011, Pages

  Dramsdahl, Margaretha ^a,b   Ersland, Lars ^a,b   Plessen, Kerstin J ^b,c,d   Haavik, Jan ^a,b   Hugdahl, Kenneth ^a,b   Specht, Karsten ^a,b  

^a HAUKELAND UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Norway)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN   (Norway)

^c Center for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at Bispebjerg   (Denmark)

^d UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Acc; Adhd; Cognitive control; Cortex cinguli anterior; Glu cre; Glutamate; MR spectroscopy; Mrs

Indexed keywords

CREATINE; GLUTAMIC ACID;

ADULT; ANTERIOR CINGULATE; ARTICLE; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; BRAIN LEVEL; BRAIN REGION; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; IMAGE ANALYSIS; MALE; NEUROIMAGING; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; PROTON NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE;

EID: 84866871255     PISSN: None     EISSN: 16640640     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00065     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Bozkurt, A., Zilles, K., Schleicher, A., Kamper, L., Arigita, E. S., Uylings, H. B., and Kotter, R. (2005). Distributions of transmitter receptors in the macaque cingulate cortex. Neuroimage 25,219-229.
2. Bush, G., Luu, P., and Posner, M. I. (2000). Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex. Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul Ed.) 4, 215-222.
3. Bush, G., Valera, E. M., and Seidman, L. J. (2005). Functional neuroimaging of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a review and suggested future directions. Biol. Psychiatry 57, 1273-1284.
4. Capizzano, A. A., Jorge, R. E., Acion, L. C., and Robinson, R. G. (2007). In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with mood disorders: a technically oriented review. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 26, 1378-1389.
5. Carlsson, M. L. (2001). On the role of prefrontal cortex glutamate for the antithetical phenomenology of obsessive compulsive disorder and attention deficit hyper-activity disorder. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 25, 5-26.
6. Carter, C. S., and Van Veen, V. (2007). Anterior cingulate cortex and conflict detection: an update of theory and data. Cogn. Affect. Behav. Neurosci. 7, 367-379.
7. Challman, T. D., and Lipsky, J. J. (2000). Methylphenidate: its pharmacology and uses. Mayo Clin. Proc. 75,711-721.
8. Colla, M., Ende, G., Alm, B., Deuschle, M., Heuser, I., and Kronenberg, G. (2008). Cognitive MR spectroscopy of anterior cingulate cortex in ADHD: elevated choline signal correlates with slowed hit reaction times. J. Psychiatr. Res. 42, 587-595.
9. Cornforth, C., Sonuga-Barke, E., and Coghill, D. (2010). Stimulant drug effects on attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a review of the effects of age and sex of patients. Curr. Pharm. Des. 16, 2424-2433.
10. Dager, S. R., Corrigan, N. M., Richards, T. L., and Posse, S. (2008). Research applications of magnetic resonance spectroscopy to investigate psychiatric disorders. Top. Magn. Reson. Imaging 19,81-96.
11. Dennis, M., Francis, D. J., Cirino, P. T., Schachar, R., Barnes, M. A., and Fletcher, J. M. (2009). Why IQ is not a covariate in cognitive studies of neurodevelopmental disorders. J. Int. Neuropsychol Soc. 15, 331-343.
12. Doyle, A. E. (2006). Executive functions in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J. Clin. Psychiatry 67(Suppl. 8), 21-26.
13. Fan, J., Gu, X., Guise, K. G., Liu, X., Fossella, J., Wang, H., and Posner, M. I. (2009). Testing the behavioral interaction and integration of attentional networks. Brain Cogn. 70, 209-220.
14. Fan, J., Mccandliss, B. D., Fossella, J., Flombaum, J. I., and Posner, M. I. (2005). The activation of attentional networks. Neuroimage 26, 471-479.
15. Faraone, S. V., Biederman, J., and Mick, E. (2006). The age-dependent decline of attention deficit hyper-activity disorder: a meta-analysis of follow-up studies. Psychol Med. 36, 159-165.
16. Ferreira, P. E., Palmini, A., Bau, C. H., Grevet, E. H., Hoefel, J. R., Rohde, L. A., Anes, M., Ferreira, E. E., and Belmonte-De-Abreu, P. (2009). Differentiating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder inattentive and combined types: a (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of fronto-striato-thalamic regions. J. Neural Transm. 116,623-629.
17. Fornito, A., Wood, S. J., Whittle, S., Fuller, J., Adamson, C., Saling, M. M., Velakoulis, D., Pantelis, C., and Yucel, M. (2008). Variability of the par acingulate sulcus and morphometry of the medial frontal cortex: associations with cortical thickness, surface area, volume, and sulcal depth. Hum. Brain Mapp. 29, 222-236.
18. Genro, J. P., Kieling, C., Rohde, L. A., and Hutz, M. H. (2010). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and the dopaminergic hypotheses. Expert Rev. Neurother. 10,587-601.
19. Graaf, R. A. D. (2007). In vivo NMR Spectroscopy: Principles and Techniques. Chichester: Wiley.
20. Halleland, H., Lundervold, A. J., Halmoy, A., Haavik, J., and Johansson, S. (2009). Association between catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) haplotypes and severity of hyper-activity symptoms in adults. Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. 150B,403-410.
21. Halmoy, A., Fasmer, O. B., Gillberg, C., and Haavik, J. (2009). Occupational outcome in adult ADHD: impact of symptom profile, comorbid psychiatric problems, and treatment: a cross-sectional study of 414 clinically diagnosed adult ADHD patients. J. Atten. Disord. 13, 175-187.
22. Hesslinger, B., Thiel, T., Tebartz Van Elst, L., Hennig, J., and Ebert, D. (2001). Attention-deficit disorder in adults with or without hyperactivity: where is the difference? A study in humans using short echo (1)H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Neurosci. Lett. 304, 117-119.
23. Hugdahl, K., Westerhausen, R., Alho, K., Medvedev, S., Laine, M., and Hamalainen, H. (2009). Attention and cognitive control: unfolding the dichotic listening story. Scand. J. Psychol. 50, 11-22.
24. Huster, R. J., Westerhausen, R., Kreuder, E, Schweiger, E., and Wittling, W. (2007). Morphologic asymmetry of the human anterior cingulate cortex. Neuroimage 34, 888-895.
25. Javitt, D. C. (2004). Glutamate as ather-apeutic target in psychiatric disorders. Mol. Psychiatry 9, 984-997.
26. Johansson, S., Halleland, H., Halmoy, A., Jacobsen, K. K., Landaas, E. T., Dramsdahl, M., Fasmer, O. B., Bergsholm, P., Lundervold, A. J., Gillberg, C., Hugdahl, K., Knappskog, P. M., and Haavik, J. (2008). Genetic analyses of dopamine related genes in adult ADHD patients suggest an association with the DRD5-microsatellite repeat, but not with DRD4 or SLC6A3 VNTRs. Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. 147B,1470-1475.
27. Karaszewski, B., Thomas, R. G., Chappell, F. M., Armitage, P. A., Carpenter, T. K., Lymer, G. K., Dennis, M. S., Marshall, I., and Wardlaw, J. M. (2010). Brain choline concentration. Early quantitative marker of ischemia and infarct expansion? Neurology 75, 850-856.
28. Kaufman, J., Birmaher, B., Brent, D., Rao, U., Flynn, C., Moreci, P., Williamson, D., and Ryan, N. (1997). Schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children-present and lifetime version (K-SADS-PL): initial reliability and validity data. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 36, 980-988.
29. Kessler, R. C., Adler, L., Ames, M., Demler, O., Faraone, S., Hiripi, E., Howes, M. J., Jin, R., Secnik, K., Spencer, T., Ustun, T. B., and Walters, E. E. (2005). The World Health Organization adult ADHD self-report scale (ASRS): a short screening scale for use in the general population. Psychol. Med. 35, 245-256.
30. Kronenberg, G., Ende, G., Alm, B., Deuschle, M., Heuser, I., and Colla, M. (2008). Increased NAA and reduced choline levels in the anterior cingulum following chronic methylphenidate. A spectroscopic test-retest study in adult ADHD. Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 258, 446-450.
31. Krystal, J. H., Mathew, S. J., D'souza, D. C., Garakani, A., Gunduz-Bruce, H., and Charney, D. S. (2010). Potential psychiatric applications of metabotropic glutamate receptor agonists and antagonists. CNS Drugs 24, 669-693.
32. Lesage, A., and Steckler, T. (2010). Metabotropic glutamate mGlu1 receptor stimulation and blockade: therapeutic opportunities in psychiatric illness. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 639, 2-16.
33. Ludolph, A. G., Udvardi, P. T., Schaz, U., Henes, C., Adolph, O., Weigt, H. U., Fegert, J. M., Boeckers, T. M., and Fohr, K. J. (2010). Atomoxetine acts as an NMDA receptor blocker in clinically relevant concentrations. Br. I Pharmacol. 160, 283-291.
34. O'neill, M. J., and Dix, S. (2007). AMPA receptor potentiators as cognitive enhancers. IDrugs 10, 185-192.
35. Parsons, C. G., Danysz, W., and Zieglgansberger, W (2005). Excitatory amino acid neurotransmission. Handb. Exp. Pharmacol. 169, 249-303.
36. Perlov, E., Philipsen, A., Hesslinger, B., Buechert, M., Ahrendts, J., Feige, B., Bubl, E., Hennig, J., Ebert, D., and Tebartz Van Elst, L. (2007). Reduced cingulate glutamate/glutamine-to-creatine ratios in adult patients with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder a magnet resonance spectroscopy study. J. Psychiatr. Res. 41, 934-941.
37. Perlov, E., Philipsen, A., Matthies, S., Drieling, T., Maier, S., Bubl, E., Hesslinger, B., Buechert, M., Henning, J., Ebert, D and Tebartz Van Elst, L. (2009). Spectroscopic findings in attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder: review and meta-analysis. World J. Biol. Psychiatry 10, 355-365.
38. Perlov, E., Tebarzt Van Elst, L., Buechert, M., Maier, S., Matthies, S., Ebert, D., Hesslinger, B., and Philipsen, A. (2010). H(1)-MR-spectroscopy of cerebellum in adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J. Psychiatr. Res. 44, 938-943.
39. Polanczyk, G., De Lima, M. S., Horta, B. L., Biederman, J., and Rohde, L. A. (2007). The worldwide prevalence of ADHD: a systematic review and metaregression analysis. Am. J. Psychiatry 164, 942-948.
40. Posner, M. I., and Rothbart, M. K. (2007). Research on attention networks as a model for the integration of psychological science. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 58, 1-23.
41. Provencher, S. W (1993). Estimation of metabolite concentrations from localized in vivo proton NMR spectra. Magn. Reson. Med. 30, 672-679.
42. Provencher, S. W (2001). Automatic quantitation of localized in vivo 1H spectra with LCModel. NMR. Biomed. 14, 260-264.
43. Provencher, S. W. (2011). LCModel and LCMgui User's Manual. Available at: http://s-provencher.com/pages/lcmodel.shtml
44. Rusch, N., Boeker, M., Buchert, M., Glauche, V., Bohrmann, C., Ebert, D., Lieb, K., Hennig, J., and Tebartz Van Elst, L. (2010). Neurochemical alterations in women with borderline personality disorder and comorbid attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. World J. Biol. Psychiatry 11, 372-381.
45. Saunders, D. E., Howe, F. A., Van Den Boogaart, A., Griffiths, J. R., and Brown, M. M. (1999). Aging of the adult human brain: in vivo quantitation of metabolite content with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 9, 711-716.
46. Schubert, F., Gallinat, J., Seifert, F., and Rinneberg, H. (2004). Glutamate concentrations in human brain using single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 3 Tesla. Neuroimage 21, 1762-1771.
47. Shaw, P., Eckstrand, K., Sharp, W., Blumenthal, J., Lerch, J. P., Greenstein, D., Clasen, L., Evans, A., Giedd, J., and Rapoport, J. L. (2007). Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is characterized by a delay in cortical maturation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104, 19649-19654.
48. Solanto, M. V (1998). Neuropsychopharmacological mechanisms of stimulant drug action in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a review and integration. Behav. Brain Res. 94,127-152.
49. Sonuga-Barke, E. J., Wiersema, J. R., Van Der Meere, J. J., and Roeyers, H. (2010). Context-dependent dynamic processes in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: differentiating common and unique effects of state regulation deficits and delay aversion. Neuropsychol. Rev. 20,86-102.
50. Staller, J. A., and Faraone, S. V. (2007). Targeting the dopamine system in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Expert Rev. Neurother. 7, 351-362.
51. Van Wageningen, H., Jorgensen, H. A., Specht, K., Eichele, T., and Hugdahl, K. (2009). The effects of the glutamate antagonist memantine on brain activation to an auditory perception task. Hum. Brain Mapp. 30, 3616-3624.
52. Van Wageningen, H., Jorgensen, H. A., Specht, K., and Hugdahl, K. (2010). A 1H-MR spectroscopy study of changes in glutamate and glutamine (Glx) concentrations in frontal spectra after administration of memantine. Cereb. Cortex 20, 798-803.
53. Vogt, B. A. (2009). Cingulate Neurobiology and Disease. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
54. Willcutt, E. G. E. G. G. (2005). Validity of the executive function theory of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analytic review. Biol. Psychiatry 57,1336-1346.
55. Yang, J. W., Shih, H. C., and Shyu, B. C. (2006). Intracortical circuits in rat anterior cingulate cortex are activated by nociceptive inputs mediated by medial thalamus. J. Neurophysiol. 96, 3409-3422.
56. Yerli, H., Agildere, A. M., Ozen, O., Geyik, E., Atalay, B., and Elhan, A. H. (2007). Evaluation of cerebral glioma grade by using normal side creatine as an internal reference in multi-voxel 1H-MR spectroscopy. Diagn. Interv. Radiol. 13, 3-9.