The development of causal reasoning

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science

Volumn 3, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 327-335

  Kuhn, Deanna ^a  

^a Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84859828666     PISSN: 19395078     EISSN: 19395086     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/wcs.1160     Document Type: Review

References (59)

1. Sloman S. Causal Models: How People Think About the World and Its Alternatives. New York: Oxford University Press; 2005.
2. Cheng P. From covariation to causation: a causal power theory. Psychol Rev 1997, 104:367-405.
3. Griffiths T, Tenenbaum J. Structure and strength in causal induction. Cognit Psychol 2005, 51:334-384.
4. Perales J, Shanks D. Models of covariation-based causal judgment: a review and synthesis. Psychon Bull Rev 2007, 14:577-596.
5. Bullock M, Gelman R, Baillargeon R. The development of causal reasoning. In: Friedman W, ed. The Developmental Psychology of Time. San Diego, CA: Academic Press; 1982, 209-254.
6. Kuhn D, Dean D. Connecting scientific reasoning and causal inference. J Cognit Dev 2004, 5:261-288.
7. nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell; 2010.
8. Wellman H, Liu D. Causal reasoning as informed by the early development of explanations. In: Gopnik A, Schulz L, eds. Causal Learning: Psychology, Philosophy, and Computation. New York: Oxford University Press; 2007.
9. Goodman N, Ullman T, Tenenbaum J. Learning a theory of causality. Psychol Rev 2011, 118:110-119.
10. th ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons; 1998.
11. Michotte A. The Perception of Causality. New York: Basic Books; 1963 (original work published 1946).
12. Rips L. Causation from perception. Perspect Psychol Sci 2011, 6:77-97.
13. Carey S. The Origin of Concepts. New York: Oxford University Press; 2009.
14. Gopnik A, Glymour C, Sobel D, Schulz L, Kushnir T, Danks D. A theory of causal learning in children: causal maps and Bayes nets. Psychol Rev 2004, 111:1-31.
15. Cohen L, Chaput H, Cashon C. A constructivist model of infant cognition. Cognit Dev 2002, 17:1323-1343.
16. Sobel D, Kirkham N. Bayes nets and babies: infants' developing statistical reasoning abilities and their representation of causal knowledge. Dev Sci 2007, 10:298-306.
17. Baillargeon R, Li J, Gertner Y, Wu D. How do infants reason about physical events? In: Goswami U, ed. Handbook of Childhood Cognitive Development. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell; 2010.
18. Piaget J. The Origins of Intelligence in Children. New York: International Universities Press; 1952.
19. Shultz T. Rules of causal attribution. Monogr Soc Res Child Dev 1982, 47:1-51.
20. Kemp C, Goodman N, Tenenbaum J. Learning to learn causal models. Cognit Sci 2010, 1-59.
21. Koslowski B. Theory and Evidence: The Development of Scientific Reasoning. Cambridge: The MIT Press; 1996.
22. Koslowski B, Marasia J, Chelenza M, Dublin R. Information becomes evidence when an explanation can incorporate it into a causal framework. Cognit Dev 2008, 23:472-487.
23. Schulz L, Bonawitz E, Griffiths T. Can being scared cause tummy aches? Naïve theories, ambiguous evidence, and preschoolers' causal inferences. Dev Psychol 2007, 43:1124-1139.
24. Sobel D, Munro S. Domain generality and specificity in children's causal inference about ambiguous data. Dev Psychol 2009, 45:511-524.
25. Sobel D, Sommerville J. Rationales in children's causal learning from others' actions. Cognit Dev 2009, 24:70-79.
26. Sobel D, Buchanan D. Bridging the gap: causality-at-a-distance in children's categorization and inferences about internal properties. Cognit Dev 2009, 24:274-283.
27. Keil C. The emergence of theoretical beliefs as constraints on concepts. In: Carey S, Gelman R, eds. The Epigenesis of Mind: Essays on Biology and Cognition. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum; 1991.
28. Smith L, Sera M, Gattuso B. The development of thinking. In: Sternberg R, Smith E, eds. The Psychology of Human Thought. New York: Cambridge University Press; 1988.
29. Murphy G, Medin D. The role of theories in conceptual coherence. Psychol Rev 1985, 10:289-316.
30. Lombrozo T. Explanation and categorization: how "why?" informs "what?''. Cognition 2009, 110: 248-253.
31. Koerber S, Sodian B, Thoermer C, Nett U. Scientific reasoning in young children. Preschoolers' ability to evaluate covariation evidence. Swiss J Psychol 2005, 64:141-152.
32. Schulz L, Gopnik A. Causal learning across domains. Dev Psychol 2004, 40:162-176.
33. Kuhn D, Amsel E, O'Loughlin M. The Development of Scientific Thinking Skills. Orlando, FL: Academic Press; 1988.
34. Kushnir T, Gopnik A. Conditional probability versus spatial contiguity in causal learning: preschoolers use new contingency evidence to overcome prior spatial assumptions. Dev Psychol 2007, 43:186-196.
35. Ruffman T, Perner J, Olson D, Doherty M. Reflecting on scientific thinking: children's understanding of the hypothesis-evidence relation. Child Dev 1993, 64:1617-1636.
36. Waldmann M, Hagmayer Y. Seeing versus doing: two modes of accessing causal knowledge.. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cognit 2005, 31:216-227.
37. Kuhn D. Jumping to conclusions: can people be counted on to make sound judgments? Sci Am Mind 2007, 18:44-51.
38. Fernbach P, Darlow A, Sloman S. Neglect of alternative causes in predictive but not diagnostic reasoning. Psychol Sci 2010, 21:329-336.
39. Fernbach P. Macris D, Sobel D. Which one made it go? The emergence of diagnostic reasoning in preschoolers. Cognit Dev. In press.
40. Wimmer H, Perner J. Beliefs about beliefs: representation and constraining function of wrong beliefs in young children's understanding of deception. Cognition 1983, 13:103-128.
41. Legare C, Wellman H, Gelman S. Evidence for an explanation advantage in naive biological reasoning. Cognit Psychol 2009, 58:177-194.
42. Legare C., Gelman S., Wellman H. Inconsistency with prior knowledge triggers children's causal explanatory reasoning. Child Dev 2010, 81:929-944.
43. Gopnik A. Bayes and blickets: effects of knowledge on causal induction in children and adults. Cognit Sci 2011, 35:1407-1455.
44. Kuhn D, Garcia-Mila M, Zohar A, Andersen C. Strategies of knowledge acquisition. Society for Research in Child Development Monographs, serial no. 245, vol 60; 1995.
45. Kuhn D. What is scientific thinking and how does it develop? In: Goswami U, ed. Handbook of Childhood Cognitive Development. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell; 2010.
46. Zimmerman C. The development of scientific thinking skills in elementary and middle school. Dev Rev 2007, 27:172-223.
47. Kuhn D, Pease M, Wirkala C. Coordinating effects of multiple variables: a skill fundamental to causal and scientific reasoning. J Exp Child Psychol 2009, 103:268-284.
48. Kuhn D, Pease M. What needs to develop in the development of inquiry skills? Cognit Instr 2008, 26:512-559.
49. Kuhn D, Iordanou K, Pease M, Wirkala C. Beyond control of variables: what needs to develop to achieve skilled scientific thinking? Cognit Dev 2008, 23:435-451. [Special issue, The Development of Scientific Thinking, B. Sodian, M. Bullock, eds.].
50. Kuhn D, Pease M. Do children and adults learn differently?. J Cognit Dev 2006, 7:279-293.
51. Dean D, Kuhn D. Direct instruction vs. discovery: the long view. Sci Educ 2007, 91:384-397.
52. Strand-Cary M, Klahr D. Developing elementary science skills; Instructional effectiveness and path independence. Cognit Dev 2008, 23:488-511.
53. Schulz L, Sommerville J. God does not play dice: causal determinism and preschoolers' causal inferences. Child Dev 2006, 77:427-442.
54. Klaczynski P. A dual-process model of adolescent development: Implications for decision making, reasoning, and identity. In: Kail R, ed. Advances in Child Development and Behavior, vol. 31. San Diego, CA: Academic Press; 2004.
55. Kuhn D, Katz J. Are self-explanations always beneficial? J Exp Child Psychol 2009, 103:386-394.
56. Lombrozo T. The structure and function of explanations. Trends Cognit Sci 2006, 10:464-470.
57. Brem S, Rips L. Explanation and evidence in informal argument. Cognit Sci 2000, 24:573-604.
58. Kuhn D. How do people know? Psychol Sci 2001, 12: 1-8.
59. Lo Y, Sides A, Rozelle J, Osherson D. Evidential diversity and premise probability in young children's inductive judgment. Cognit Sci 2002, 26:181-206.