메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 43, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 186-196

Conditional probability versus spatial contiguity in causal learning: Preschoolers use new contingency evidence to overcome prior spatial assumptions

Author keywords

Causal reasoning; Conceptual development; Prior knowledge; Probabilistic reasoning; Spatial contiguity

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CONCEPT FORMATION; DEPTH PERCEPTION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; FEMALE; HUMAN; LEARNING; MALE; ORIENTATION; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PROBLEM SOLVING; REINFORCEMENT;

EID: 33846050106     PISSN: 00121649     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/0012-1649.43.1.186     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (128)

References (46)
  • 2
    • 0007141159 scopus 로고
    • Causal reasoning and developmental change over the preschool years
    • Bullock, M. (1985). Causal reasoning and developmental change over the preschool years. Human Development, 28, 169-191.
    • (1985) Human Development , vol.28 , pp. 169-191
    • Bullock, M.1
  • 3
    • 0000189690 scopus 로고
    • The development of causal reasoning
    • W. Friedman (Ed.). New York: Academic Press
    • Bullock, M., Gelman, R., & Baillargeon, R. (1982). The development of causal reasoning. In W. Friedman (Ed.), The developmental psychology of time (pp. 209-254). New York: Academic Press.
    • (1982) The Developmental Psychology of Time , pp. 209-254
    • Bullock, M.1    Gelman, R.2    Baillargeon, R.3
  • 4
    • 0039630447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From covariation to causation: A causal power theory
    • Cheng, P. W. (1997). From covariation to causation: A causal power theory. Psychological Review, 104, 367-405.
    • (1997) Psychological Review , vol.104 , pp. 367-405
    • Cheng, P.W.1
  • 5
    • 21144477193 scopus 로고
    • How infants perceive a simple causal event
    • Cohen, L. B., & Oakes, L. M. (1993). How infants perceive a simple causal event. Developmental Psychology, 29, 421-433.
    • (1993) Developmental Psychology , vol.29 , pp. 421-433
    • Cohen, L.B.1    Oakes, L.M.2
  • 7
    • 16244404902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain-based mechanisms underlying complex causal thinking
    • Fugelsang, J. A. & Dunbar, K. N. (2005). Brain-based mechanisms underlying complex causal thinking. Neuropsychologia, 43, 1204-1213.
    • (2005) Neuropsychologia , vol.43 , pp. 1204-1213
    • Fugelsang, J.A.1    Dunbar, K.N.2
  • 9
    • 0026132402 scopus 로고
    • Insides and essence: Early understandings of the non-obvious
    • Gelman, S. A., & Wellman, H. M. (1991). Insides and essence: Early understandings of the non-obvious. Cognition, 38, 213-244.
    • (1991) Cognition , vol.38 , pp. 213-244
    • Gelman, S.A.1    Wellman, H.M.2
  • 12
    • 0035458335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causal learning mechanisms in very young children: Two-, three-, and four-year-olds infer causal relations from patterns of dependent and independent probability
    • Gopnik, A., Sobel, D. M., Schulz, L., & Glymour, C. (2001). Causal learning mechanisms in very young children: Two-, three-, and four-year-olds infer causal relations from patterns of dependent and independent probability. Developmental Psychology, 37, 620-629.
    • (2001) Developmental Psychology , vol.37 , pp. 620-629
    • Gopnik, A.1    Sobel, D.M.2    Schulz, L.3    Glymour, C.4
  • 13
  • 14
    • 0027682670 scopus 로고
    • Young children's understanding of the mind-body distinction
    • Inagaki, K., & Hatano, G. (1993). Young children's understanding of the mind-body distinction. Child Development, 64, 1534-1549.
    • (1993) Child Development , vol.64 , pp. 1534-1549
    • Inagaki, K.1    Hatano, G.2
  • 15
    • 0030208565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causes and symptoms in preschoolers' conceptions of illness
    • Kalish, C. (1996). Causes and symptoms in preschoolers' conceptions of illness. Child Development, 67, 1647-1670.
    • (1996) Child Development , vol.67 , pp. 1647-1670
    • Kalish, C.1
  • 16
    • 0000560669 scopus 로고
    • The growth of causal understandings of natural kinds
    • D. Sperber, D. Premack, & A. J. Premack (Eds.). Oxford, England: Clarendon Press
    • Keil, F. C. (1995). The growth of causal understandings of natural kinds. In D. Sperber, D. Premack, & A. J. Premack (Eds.), Causal cognition: A multidisciplinary debate (pp. 234-267). Oxford, England: Clarendon Press.
    • (1995) Causal Cognition: A Multidisciplinary Debate , pp. 234-267
    • Keil, F.C.1
  • 17
    • 25144455943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Young children infer causal strength from probabilities and interventions
    • Kushnir, T., & Gopnik, A., (2005). Young children infer causal strength from probabilities and interventions. Psychological Science, 16, 678-683.
    • (2005) Psychological Science , vol.16 , pp. 678-683
    • Kushnir, T.1    Gopnik, A.2
  • 19
    • 0023319590 scopus 로고
    • Do six-month-old infants perceive causality?
    • Leslie, A. M., & Keeble, S. (1987). Do six-month-old infants perceive causality? Cognition, 25, 265-288.
    • (1987) Cognition , vol.25 , pp. 265-288
    • Leslie, A.M.1    Keeble, S.2
  • 21
    • 0001040122 scopus 로고
    • Infant perception of a causal event
    • Oakes, L. M., & Cohen, L. B. (1990). Infant perception of a causal event. Cognitive Development, 5, 193-207.
    • (1990) Cognitive Development , vol.5 , pp. 193-207
    • Oakes, L.M.1    Cohen, L.B.2
  • 22
    • 0003118071 scopus 로고
    • Infant causal perception
    • C. Rovee-Collier & L. P. Lipsitt (Eds.). Norwood, NJ: Ablex
    • Oakes, L. M., & Cohen, L. B. (1994). Infant causal perception. In C. Rovee-Collier & L. P. Lipsitt (Eds.), Advances in infancy research (Vol. 9, pp. 1-54). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
    • (1994) Advances in Infancy Research , vol.9 , pp. 1-54
    • Oakes, L.M.1    Cohen, L.B.2
  • 23
    • 0004213845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New York: Oxford University Press
    • Pearl, J. (2000). Causality. New York: Oxford University Press.
    • (2000) Causality
    • Pearl, J.1
  • 25
  • 26
    • 26444537449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociating processes supporting causal perception and causal inference in the brain
    • Roser, M. E., Fugelsang, J. A., Dunbar, K. N., Corballis, P. M., & Gazzaniga, M. S. (2005). Dissociating processes supporting causal perception and causal inference in the brain. Neuropsychology, 19, 591-602.
    • (2005) Neuropsychology , vol.19 , pp. 591-602
    • Roser, M.E.1    Fugelsang, J.A.2    Dunbar, K.N.3    Corballis, P.M.4    Gazzaniga, M.S.5
  • 27
    • 0036746332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The misunderstood limits of folk science: An illusion of explanatory depth
    • Rozenblit, L., & Keil, F. (2002). The misunderstood limits of folk science: An illusion of explanatory depth. Cognitive Science, 26, 521-562.
    • (2002) Cognitive Science , vol.26 , pp. 521-562
    • Rozenblit, L.1    Keil, F.2
  • 28
    • 0035452919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Words in a sea of sounds: The output of infant statistical learning
    • Saffran, J. (2001). Words in a sea of sounds: The output of infant statistical learning. Cognition, 81, 149-169.
    • (2001) Cognition , vol.81 , pp. 149-169
    • Saffran, J.1
  • 29
    • 0032608627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seeing it happen and knowing how it works: How children understand the relation between perceptual causality and underlying mechanism
    • Schlottmann, A. (1999). Seeing it happen and knowing how it works: How children understand the relation between perceptual causality and underlying mechanism. Developmental Psychology, 35, 303-317.
    • (1999) Developmental Psychology , vol.35 , pp. 303-317
    • Schlottmann, A.1
  • 30
    • 0033254789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do 9-month-olds perceive causation-at-a-distance?
    • Schlottmann, A., & Surian, L. (1999). Do 9-month-olds perceive causation-at-a-distance? Perception, 28, 1105-1113.
    • (1999) Perception , vol.28 , pp. 1105-1113
    • Schlottmann, A.1    Surian, L.2
  • 32
    • 34247355431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preschool children learn about causal structure from conditional interventions
    • in press
    • Schulz, L. E., & Gopnik, A. (in press). Preschool children learn about causal structure from conditional interventions. Developmental Science.
    • Developmental Science
    • Schulz, L.E.1    Gopnik, A.2
  • 33
    • 34548841709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning from doing: Interventions and causal inference
    • (in press). A. Gopnik & L. E. Schulz (Eds.). New York: Oxford University Press
    • Schulz, L. E., Kushnir, T., & Gopnik, A. (in press). Learning from doing: Interventions and causal inference. In A. Gopnik & L. E. Schulz (Eds.), Causal learning: Psychology, philosophy, and computation. New York: Oxford University Press.
    • Causal Learning: Psychology, Philosophy, and Computation
    • Schulz, L.E.1    Kushnir, T.2    Gopnik, A.3
  • 36
    • 33750739262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blickets and babies: The development of causal reasoning in toddlers and infants
    • in press
    • Sobel, D. M. & Kirkham, N. Z. (in press). Blickets and babies: The development of causal reasoning in toddlers and infants. Developmental Psychology.
    • Developmental Psychology
    • Sobel, D.M.1    Kirkham, N.Z.2
  • 37
    • 33745649255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of decision making in causal learning from interventions
    • Sobel, D. M. & Kushnir, T. (2006). The importance of decision making in causal learning from interventions. Memory & Cognition, 34, 411-419.
    • (2006) Memory & Cognition , vol.34 , pp. 411-419
    • Sobel, D.M.1    Kushnir, T.2
  • 38
    • 2442704284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Children's causal inferences from indirect evidence: Backwards blocking and Bayesian reasoning in preschoolers
    • Sobel, D., Tenenbaum, J., & Gopnik, A. (2004). Children's causal inferences from indirect evidence: Backwards blocking and Bayesian reasoning in preschoolers. Cognitive Science, 28, 303-333.
    • (2004) Cognitive Science , vol.28 , pp. 303-333
    • Sobel, D.1    Tenenbaum, J.2    Gopnik, A.3
  • 43
    • 0034781686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating causal strength: The role of structural knowledge and processing effort
    • Waldmann, M. R., & Hagmayer, Y. (2001). Estimating causal strength: The role of structural knowledge and processing effort. Cognition, 82, 27-58.
    • (2001) Cognition , vol.82 , pp. 27-58
    • Waldmann, M.R.1    Hagmayer, Y.2
  • 46
    • 33846070499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (April). Paper presented at the meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Atlanta, GA
    • Yoachim, C., Sobel, D. M., & Meltzoff, A. (2005, April). Causes, insides and categories. Paper presented at the meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Atlanta, GA.
    • (2005) Causes, Insides and Categories
    • Yoachim, C.1    Sobel, D.M.2    Meltzoff, A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.