Anti-angiogenesis therapy in cancer: Current challenges and future perspectives

Cancer Letters

Volumn 320, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 130-137

  Shojaei, Farbod ^a  

^a PFIZER INC   (United States)

Author keywords

Anti angiogenesis therapy; Drug resistance; Tumor angiogenesis; VEGF

Indexed keywords

AFLIBERCEPT; ANGIOGENESIS INHIBITOR; AXITINIB; BEVACIZUMAB; CABOZANTINIB; CYTOKINE; EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR KINASE INHIBITOR; GROWTH FACTOR; LINIFANIB; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY DC101; PAZOPANIB; SORAFENIB; SUNITINIB; TIVOZANIB; VADIMEZAN; VANDETANIB; VASCULOTROPIN ANTIBODY; VASCULOTROPIN INHIBITOR;

ANTIANGIOGENIC THERAPY; BONE MARROW CELL; BREAST CANCER; CANCER INVASION; CANCER RESISTANCE; CLEAR CELL CARCINOMA; COLORECTAL CANCER; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG RESPONSE; ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELL; GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMOR; GLIOBLASTOMA; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; KIDNEY CARCINOMA; LIVER CELL CARCINOMA; LUNG ADENOCARCINOMA; LUNG NON SMALL CELL CANCER; METASTASIS; NEUROENDOCRINE TUMOR; NONHUMAN; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; OVERALL SURVIVAL; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGRESSION FREE SURVIVAL; PROSTATE CANCER; RECTUM CARCINOMA; SHORT SURVEY; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM; STROMA CELL; THYROID MEDULLARY CARCINOMA; TUMOR GROWTH; TUMOR VASCULARIZATION;

EID: 84859575611     PISSN: 03043835     EISSN: 18727980     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2012.03.008     Document Type: Review

References (119)

1. J. Wilting, B. Christ, Embryonic angiogenesis: a review, Naturwissenschaften 83 (1996) 153-164, ISSN:0028-1042.
2. Rhodin J.A., Fujita H. Capillary growth in the mesentery of normal young rats. Intravital video and electron microscope analyses. Journal of Submicroscopic Cytology and Pathology 1989, 21:1-34.
3. Risau W., Flamme I. Vasculogenesis. Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology 1995, 11:73-91.
4. Folkman J. Tumor angiogenesis: therapeutic implications. New England Journal of Medicine 1971, 285:1182-1186.
5. Hiratsuka S. Vasculogenensis, angiogenesis and special features of tumor blood vessels. Frontiers in Bioscience 2011, 16:1413-1427.
6. Ribatti D. The involvement of endothelial progenitor cells in tumor angiogenesis. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine 2004, 8:294-300.
7. Gao D., Nolan D., McDonnell K., Vahdat L., Benezra R., Altorki N., Mittal V. Bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells contribute to the angiogenic switch in tumor growth and metastatic progression. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 2009, 1796:33-40.
8. Ferrara N., Henzel W.J. Pituitary follicular cells secrete a novel heparin-binding growth factor specific for vascular endothelial cells. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 1989, 161:851-858.
9. Khoury C.C., Ziyadeh F.N. Angiogenic factors. Contributions to Nephrology 2011, 170:83-92.
10. Taraboletti G., Rusnati M., Ragona L., Colombo G. Targeting tumor angiogenesis with TSP-1-based compounds: rational design of antiangiogenic mimetics of endogenous inhibitors. Oncotarget 2010, 1:662-673.
11. G.H. Algire, H.W. Chalkley, Vascular reactions of normal and malignant tissues in vivo. I. Vascular reactions of mice to wounds and to normal and neoplastic transplants, Journal of the National Cancer Institute 6 (1945) 73-85.
12. Ferrara N., Gerber H.P., LeCouter J. The biology of VEGF and its receptors. Nature Medicine 2003, 9:669-676.
13. Ferrara N., Carver-Moore K., Chen H., Dowd M., Lu L., O'Shea K.S., Powell-Braxton L., Hillan K.J., Moore M.W. Heterozygous embryonic lethality induced by targeted inactivation of the VEGF gene. Nature 1996, 380:439-442.
14. Rosmorduc O., Housset C. Hypoxia: a link between fibrogenesis, angiogenesis, and carcinogenesis in liver disease. Seminars in Liver Disease 2010, 30:258-270.
15. G.L. Wang, G.L. Semenza, Purification and characterization of hypoxia-inducible factor 1, Journal of Biological Chemistry 270 (1995) 1230-1237, ISSN:0021-9258.
16. Brahimi-Horn C., Pouyssegur J. The role of the hypoxia-inducible factor in tumor metabolism growth and invasion. Bulletin du Cancer 2006, 93:E73-E80.
17. Ellis L.M., Hicklin D.J. VEGF-targeted therapy: mechanisms of anti-tumour activity. Nature Reviews Cancer 2008, 8:579-591.
18. Petrova T.V., Bono P., Holnthoner W., Chesnes J., Pytowski B., Sihto H., Laakkonen P., Heikkila P., Joensuu H., Alitalo K. VEGFR-3 expression is restricted to blood and lymphatic vessels in solid tumors. Cancer Cell 2008, 13:554-556.
19. Kim K.J., Li B., Winer J., Armanini M., Gillett N., Phillips H.S., Ferrara N. Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis suppresses tumor growth in vivo. Nature 1993, 362:841-844.
20. Presta L.G., Chen H., O'Connor S.J., Chisholm V., Meng Y.G., Krummen L., Winkler M., Ferrara N. Humanization of an anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody for the therapy of solid tumors and other disorders. Cancer Research 1997, 57:4593-4599.
21. Hurwitz H., Fehrenbacher L., Novotny W., Cartwright T., Hainsworth J., Heim W., Berlin J., Baron A., Griffing S., Holmgren E., Ferrara N., Fyfe G., Rogers B., Ross R., Kabbinavar F. Bevacizumab plus irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin for metastatic colorectal cancer. New England Journal of Medicine 2004, 350:2335-2342.
22. Sandler A., Gray R., Perry M.C., Brahmer J., Schiller J.H., Dowlati A., Lilenbaum R., Johnson D.H. Paclitaxel-carboplatin alone or with bevacizumab for non-small-cell lung cancer. New England Journal of Medicine 2006, 355:2542-2550.
23. Miller K., Wang M., Gralow J., Dickler M., Cobleigh M., Perez E.A., Shenkier T., Cella D., Davidson N.E. Paclitaxel plus bevacizumab versus paclitaxel alone for metastatic breast cancer. New England Journal of Medicine 2007, 357:2666-2676.
24. Holash J., Davis S., Papadopoulos N., Croll S.D., Ho L., Russell M., Boland P., Leidich R., Hylton D., Burova E., Ioffe E., Huang T., Radziejewski C., Bailey K., Fandl J.P., Daly T., Wiegand S.J., Yancopoulos G.D., Rudge J.S. VEGF-Trap: a VEGF blocker with potent antitumor effects. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States 2002, 99:11393-11398.
25. Ellis L.M., Hicklin D.J. Pathways mediating resistance to vascular endothelial growth factor-targeted therapy. Clinical Cancer Research 2008, 14:6371-6375.
26. Kerbel R.S. Tumor angiogenesis. New England Journal of Medicine 2008, 358:2039-2049.
27. O'Farrell A.M., Abrams T.J., Yuen H.A., Ngai T.J., Louie S.G., Yee K.W., Wong L.M., Hong W., Lee L.B., Town A., Smolich B.D., Manning W.C., Murray L.J., Heinrich M.C., Cherrington J.M. SU11248 is a novel FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potent activity in vitro and in vivo. Blood 2003, 101:3597-3605.
28. Sleijfer S., Ray-Coquard I., Papai Z., Le Cesne A., Scurr M., Schoffski P., Collin F., Pandite L., Marreaud S., De Brauwer A., van Glabbeke M., Verweij J., Blay J.Y. Pazopanib, a multikinase angiogenesis inhibitor, in patients with relapsed or refractory advanced soft tissue sarcoma: a phase II study from the European organisation for research and treatment of cancer-soft tissue and bone sarcoma group (EORTC study 62043). Journal of Clinical Oncology 2009, 27:3126-3132.
29. Kupsch P., Henning B.F., Passarge K., Richly H., Wiesemann K., Hilger R.A., Scheulen M.E., Christensen O., Brendel E., Schwartz B., Hofstra E., Voigtmann R., Seeber S., Strumberg D. Results of a phase I trial of sorafenib (BAY 43-9006) in combination with oxaliplatin in patients with refractory solid tumors, including colorectal cancer. Clinical Colorectal Cancer 2005, 5:188-196.
30. Langmuir P.B., Yver A. Vandetanib for the treatment of thyroid cancer. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2012, 91:71-80.
31. W.K. You, B. Sennino, C.W. Williamson, B. Falcon, H. Hashizume, L.C. Yao, D.T. Aftab, D.M. McDonald, VEGF and c-Met blockade amplify angiogenesis inhibition in pancreatic islet cancer, Cancer Research (2011).
32. Ho T.H., Jonasch E. Axitinib in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Future Oncology 2011, 7:1247-1253.
33. Eskens F.A., de Jonge M.J., Bhargava P., Isoe T., Cotreau M.M., Esteves B., Hayashi K., Burger H., Thomeer M., van Doorn L., Verweij J. Biologic and clinical activity of tivozanib (AV-951, KRN-951), a selective inhibitor of VEGF receptor-1, -2, and -3 tyrosine kinases, in a 4-week-on, 2-week-off schedule in patients with advanced solid tumors. Clinical Cancer Research 2011, 17:7156-7163.
34. Jiang F., Albert D.H., Luo Y., Tapang P., Zhang K., Davidsen S.K., Fox G.B., Lesniewski R., McKeegan E.M. ABT-869, a multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, reduces tumor microvascularity and improves vascular wall integrity in preclinical tumor models. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2011, 338:134-142.
35. Tan E.H., Goss G.D., Salgia R., Besse B., Gandara D.R., Hanna N.H., Yang J.C., Thertulien R., Wertheim M., Mazieres J., Hensing T., Lee C., Gupta N., Pradhan R., Qian J., Qin Q., Scappaticci F.A., Ricker J.L., Carlson D.M., Soo R.A. Phase 2 trial of Linifanib (ABT-869) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Journal of Thoracic Oncology 2011, 6:1418-1425.
36. Jain R.K. Normalization of tumor vasculature: an emerging concept in antiangiogenic therapy. Science 2005, 307:58-62.
37. UNIO Health, US National Institute of Health. http://clinicaltrials.gov/.
38. Cooney M.M., van Heeckeren W., Bhakta S., Ortiz J., Remick S.C. Drug insight: vascular disrupting agents and angiogenesis-novel approaches for drug delivery. Nature Clinical Practice Oncology 2006, 3:682-692.
39. McKeage M.J., Von Pawel J., Reck M., Jameson M.B., Rosenthal M.A., Sullivan R., Gibbs D., Mainwaring P.N., Serke M., Lafitte J.J., Chouaid C., Freitag L., Quoix E. Randomised phase II study of ASA404 combined with carboplatin and paclitaxel in previously untreated advanced non-small cell lung cancer. British Journal of Cancer 2008, 99:2006-2012.
40. Bergers G., Hanahan D. Modes of resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy. Nature Reviews Cancer 2008, 8:592-603.
41. Shojaei F., Wu X., Malik A.K., Zhong C., Baldwin M.E., Schanz S., Fuh G., Gerber H.P., Ferrara N. Tumor refractoriness to anti-VEGF treatment is mediated by CD11b+Gr1+ myeloid cells. Nature Biotechnology 2007, 25:911-920.
42. Shojaei F., Lee J.H., Simmons B.H., Wong A., Esparza C.O., Plumlee P.A., Feng J., Stewart A.E., Hu-Lowe D.D., Christensen J.G. HGF/c-Met acts as an alternative angiogenic pathway in sunitinib-resistant tumors. Cancer Research 2010, 70:10090-10100.
43. Gerber H.P., Wu X., Yu L., Wiesmann C., Liang X.H., Lee C.V., Fuh G., Olsson C., Damico L., Xie D., Meng Y.G., Gutierrez J., Corpuz R., Li B., Hall L., Rangell L., Ferrando R., Lowman H., Peale F., Ferrara N. Mice expressing a humanized form of VEGF-A may provide insights into the safety and efficacy of anti-VEGF antibodies. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States 2007, 104:3478-3483.
44. Broxterman H.J., Lankelma J., Hoekman K. Resistance to cytotoxic and anti-angiogenic anticancer agents: similarities and differences. Drug Resistance Updates 2003, 6:111-127.
45. Pan Q., Chanthery Y., Liang W.C., Stawicki S., Mak J., Rathore N., Tong R.K., Kowalski J., Yee S.F., Pacheco G., Ross S., Cheng Z., Le Couter J., Plowman G., Peale F., Koch A.W., Wu Y., Bagri A., Tessier-Lavigne M., Watts R.J. Blocking neuropilin-1 function has an additive effect with anti-VEGF to inhibit tumor growth. Cancer Cell 2007, 11:53-67.
46. Mancuso P., Colleoni M., Calleri A., Orlando L., Maisonneuve P., Pruneri G., Agliano A., Goldhirsch A., Shaked Y., Kerbel R.S., Bertolini F. Circulating endothelial-cell kinetics and viability predict survival in breast cancer patients receiving metronomic chemotherapy. Blood 2006, 108:452-459.
47. Casanovas O., Hicklin D.J., Bergers G., Hanahan D. Drug resistance by evasion of antiangiogenic targeting of VEGF signaling in late-stage pancreatic islet tumors. Cancer Cell 2005, 8:299-309.
48. Chiao M., Yang Y., Cheng W., Shen C., Ko J. CD133+ glioblastoma stem-like cells induce vascular mimicry in vivo. Current Neurovascular Research 2011, 1:210-219.
49. Ricci-Vitiani L., Pallini R., Biffoni M., Todaro M., Invernici G., Cenci T., Maira G., Parati E.A., Stassi G., Larocca L.M., De Maria R. Tumour vascularization via endothelial differentiation of glioblastoma stem-like cells. Nature 2010, 468:824-828.
50. Wang R., Chadalavada K., Wilshire J., Kowalik U., Hovinga K.E., Geber A., Fligelman B., Leversha M., Brennan C., Tabar V. Glioblastoma stem-like cells give rise to tumour endothelium. Nature 2010, 468:829-833.
51. Mailhos C., Modlich U., Lewis J., Harris A., Bicknell R., Ish-Horowicz D. Delta4, an endothelial specific notch ligand expressed at sites of physiological and tumor angiogenesis. Differentiation 2001, 69:135-144.
52. Noguera-Troise I., Daly C., Papadopoulos N.J., Coetzee S., Boland P., Gale N.W., Lin H.C., Yancopoulos G.D., Thurston G. Blockade of Dll4 inhibits tumour growth by promoting non-productive angiogenesis. Nature 2006, 444:1032-1037.
53. Ridgway J., Zhang G., Wu Y., Stawicki S., Liang W.C., Chanthery Y., Kowalski J., Watts R.J., Callahan C., Kasman I., Singh M., Chien M., Tan C., Hongo J.A., de Sauvage F., Plowman G., Yan M. Inhibition of Dll4 signalling inhibits tumour growth by deregulating angiogenesis. Nature 2006, 444:1083-1087.
54. Cascone T., Herynk M.H., Xu L., Du Z., Kadara H., Nilsson M.B., Oborn C.J., Park Y.Y., Erez B., Jacoby J.J., Lee J.S., Lin H.Y., Ciardiello F., Herbst R.S., Langley R.R., Heymach J.V. Upregulated stromal EGFR and vascular remodeling in mouse xenograft models of angiogenesis inhibitor-resistant human lung adenocarcinoma. Journal of Clinical Investigation 2011, 121:1313-1328.
55. Shojaei F., Zhong C., Wu X., Yu L., Ferrara N. Role of myeloid cells in tumor angiogenesis and growth. Trends in Cell Biology 2008, 18:372-378.
56. Shojaei F., Wu X., Qu X., Kowanetz M., Yu L., Tan M., Meng Y.G., Ferrara N. G-CSF-initiated myeloid cell mobilization and angiogenesis mediate tumor refractoriness to anti-VEGF therapy in mouse models. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States 2009, 106:6742-6747.
57. Kowanetz M., Wu X., Lee J., Tan M., Hagenbeek T., Qu X., Yu L., Ross J., Korsisaari N., Cao T., Bou-Reslan H., Kallop D., Weimer R., Ludlam M.J., Kaminker J.S., Modrusan Z., van Bruggen N., Peale F.V., Carano R., Meng Y.G., Ferrara N. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor promotes lung metastasis through mobilization of Ly6G+Ly6C+granulocytes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States 2010, 107:21248-21255.
58. Nozawa H., Chiu C., Hanahan D. Infiltrating neutrophils mediate the initial angiogenic switch in a mouse model of multistage carcinogenesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States 2006, 103:12493-12498.
59. Huang B., Pan P.Y., Li Q., Sato A.I., Levy D.E., Bromberg J., Divino C.M., Chen S.H. Gr-1+CD115+ immature myeloid suppressor cells mediate the development of tumor-induced T regulatory cells and T-cell anergy in tumor-bearing host. Cancer Research 2006, 66:1123-1131.
60. Crawford Y., Kasman I., Yu L., Zhong C., Wu X., Modrusan Z., Kaminker J., Ferrara N. PDGF-C mediates the angiogenic and tumorigenic properties of fibroblasts associated with tumors refractory to anti-VEGF treatment. Cancer Cell 2009, 15:21-34.
61. von Tell D., Armulik A., Betsholtz C. Pericytes and vascular stability. Experimental Cell Research 2006, 312:623-629.
62. Paez-Ribes M., Allen E., Hudock J., Takeda T., Okuyama H., Vinals F., Inoue M., Bergers G., Hanahan D., Casanovas O. Antiangiogenic therapy elicits malignant progression of tumors to increased local invasion and distant metastasis. Cancer Cell 2009, 15:220-231.
63. Lucio-Eterovic A.K., Piao Y., de Groot J.F. Mediators of glioblastoma resistance and invasion during antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy. Clinical Cancer Research 2009, 15:4589-4599.
64. Ebos J.M., Lee C.R., Cruz-Munoz W., Bjarnason G.A., Christensen J.G., Kerbel R.S. Accelerated metastasis after short-term treatment with a potent inhibitor of tumor angiogenesis. Cancer Cell 2009, 15:232-239.
65. Shojaei F., Simmons B.H., Lee J.H., Patrick B.L., Christensen J.G. HGF/c-met pathway is one of the mediators of sunitinib-induced tumor cell type-dependent metastasis. Cancer Letters 2012, [Epub ahead of print].
66. Rapisarda A., Melillo G. Role of the hypoxic tumor microenvironment in the resistance to anti-angiogenic therapies. Drug Resistance Updates 2009, 12:74-80.
67. Ebos J.M., Lee C.R., Christensen J.G., Mutsaers A.J., Kerbel R.S. Multiple circulating proangiogenic factors induced by sunitinib malate are tumor-independent and correlate with antitumor efficacy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States 2007, 104:17069-17074.
68. Xian X., Hakansson J., Stahlberg A., Lindblom P., Betsholtz C., Gerhardt H., Semb H. Pericytes limit tumor cell metastasis. Journal of Clinical Investigation 2006, 116:642-651.
69. Ebos J.M., Kerbel R.S. Antiangiogenic therapy: impact on invasion, disease progression, and metastasis. Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology 2011, 8:210-221.
70. Gerger A., LaBonte M., Lenz H.J. Molecular predictors of response to antiangiogenesis therapies. Cancer Journal 2011, 17:134-141.
71. Yang S.X., Steinberg S.M., Nguyen D., Wu T.D., Modrusan Z., Swain S.M. Gene expression profile and angiogenic marker correlates with response to neoadjuvant bevacizumab followed by bevacizumab plus chemotherapy in breast cancer. Clinical Cancer Research 2008, 14:5893-5899.
72. Choueiri T.K., Regan M.M., Rosenberg J.E., Oh W.K., Clement J., Amato A.M., McDermott D., Cho D.C., Atkins M.B., Signoretti S. Carbonic anhydrase IX and pathological features as predictors of outcome in patients with metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma receiving vascular endothelial growth factor-targeted therapy. BJU International 2010, 106:772-778.
73. Batchelor T.T., Sorensen A.G., di Tomaso E., Zhang W.T., Duda D.G., Cohen K.S., Kozak K.R., Cahill D.P., Chen P.J., Zhu M., Ancukiewicz M., Mrugala M.M., Plotkin S., Drappatz J., Louis D.N., Ivy P., Scadden D.T., Benner T., Loeffler J.S., Wen P.Y., Jain R.K. AZD2171, a pan-VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, normalizes tumor vasculature and alleviates edema in glioblastoma patients. Cancer Cell 2007, 11:83-95.
74. Lin Y., Weisdorf D.J., Solovey A., Hebbel R.P. Origins of circulating endothelial cells and endothelial outgrowth from blood. Journal of Clinical Investigation 2000, 105:71-77.
75. Rowand J.L., Martin G., Doyle G.V., Miller M.C., Pierce M.S., Connelly M.C., Rao C., Terstappen L.W. Endothelial cells in peripheral blood of healthy subjects and patients with metastatic carcinomas. Cytometry A 2007, 71:105-113.
76. Dellapasqua S., Bertolini F., Bagnardi V., Campagnoli E., Scarano E., Torrisi R., Shaked Y., Mancuso P., Goldhirsch A., Rocca A., Pietri E., Colleoni M. Metronomic cyclophosphamide and capecitabine combined with bevacizumab in advanced breast cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2008, 26:4899-4905.
77. Jain R.K., Duda D.G., Willett C.G., Sahani D.V., Zhu A.X., Loeffler J.S., Batchelor T.T., Sorensen A.G. Biomarkers of response and resistance to antiangiogenic therapy. Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology 2009, 6:327-338.
78. Gorgels T.G., Waarsing J.H., Herfs M., Versteeg D., Schoensiegel F., Sato T., Schlingemann R.O., Ivandic B., Vermeer C., Schurgers L.J., Bergen A.A. Vitamin K supplementation increases vitamin K tissue levels but fails to counteract ectopic calcification in a mouse model for pseudoxanthoma elasticum. Journal of Molecular Medicine (Berlin) 2011, 89:1125-1135.
79. Loupakis F., Falcone A., Masi G., Fioravanti A., Kerbel R.S., Del Tacca M., Bocci G. Vascular endothelial growth factor levels in immunodepleted plasma of cancer patients as a possible pharmacodynamic marker for bevacizumab activity. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2007, 25:1816-1818.
80. Gordon M.S., Margolin K., Talpaz M., Sledge G.W., Holmgren E., Benjamin R., Stalter S., Shak S., Adelman D. Phase I safety and pharmacokinetic study of recombinant human anti-vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with advanced cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2001, 19:843-850.
81. Jayson G.C., Mulatero C., Ranson M., Zweit J., Jackson A., Broughton L., Wagstaff J., Hakansson L., Groenewegen G., Lawrance J., Tang M., Wauk L., Levitt D., Marreaud S., Lehmann F.F., Herold M., Zwierzina H. Phase I investigation of recombinant anti-human vascular endothelial growth factor antibody in patients with advanced cancer. European Journal of Cancer 2005, 41:555-563.
82. Denduluri N., Yang S.X., Berman A.W., Nguyen D., Liewehr D.J., Steinberg S.M., Swain S.M. Circulating biomarkers of bevacizumab activity in patients with breast cancer. Cancer Biology & Therapy 2008, 7:15-20.
83. Porta C., Paglino C., De Amici M., Quaglini S., Sacchi L., Imarisio I., Canipari C. Predictive value of baseline serum vascular endothelial growth factor and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in advanced kidney cancer patients receiving sunitinib. Kidney International 2010, 77:809-815.
84. Xu L., Duda D.G., di Tomaso E., Ancukiewicz M., Chung D.C., Lauwers G.Y., Samuel R., Shellito P., Czito B.G., Lin P.C., Poleski M., Bentley R., Clark J.W., Willett C.G., Jain R.K. Direct evidence that bevacizumab, an anti-VEGF antibody, up-regulates SDF1alpha, CXCR4, CXCL6, and neuropilin 1 in tumors from patients with rectal cancer. Cancer Research 2009, 69:7905-7910.
85. Maitland M.L., Grimsley C., Kuttab-Boulos H., Witonsky D., Kasza K.E., Yang L., Roe B.A., Di Rienzo A. Comparative genomics analysis of human sequence variation in the UGT1A gene cluster. Pharmacogenomics Journal 2006, 6:52-62.
86. Scartozzi M., Galizia E., Chiorrini S., Giampieri R., Berardi R., Pierantoni C., Cascinu S. Arterial hypertension correlates with clinical outcome in colorectal cancer patients treated with first-line bevacizumab. Annals of Oncology 2009, 20:227-230.
87. Schneider B.P., Wang M., Radovich M., Sledge G.W., Badve S., Thor A., Flockhart D.A., Hancock B., Davidson N., Gralow J., Dickler M., Perez E.A., Cobleigh M., Shenkier T., Edgerton S., Miller K.D. Association of vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 genetic polymorphisms with outcome in a trial of paclitaxel compared with paclitaxel plus bevacizumab in advanced breast cancer: ECOG 2100. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2008, 26:4672-4678.
88. Hahn O.M., Yang C., Medved M., Karczmar G., Kistner E., Karrison T., Manchen E., Mitchell M., Ratain M.J., Stadler W.M. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging pharmacodynamic biomarker study of sorafenib in metastatic renal carcinoma. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2008, 26:4572-4578.
89. Morgan B., Thomas A.L., Drevs J., Hennig J., Buchert M., Jivan A., Horsfield M.A., Mross K., Ball H.A., Lee L., Mietlowski W., Fuxuis S., Unger C., O'Byrne K., Henry A., Cherryman G.R., Laurent D., Dugan M., Marme D., Steward W.P. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging as a biomarker for the pharmacological response of PTK787/ZK 222584, an inhibitor of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases, in patients with advanced colorectal cancer and liver metastases: results from two phase I studies. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2003, 21:3955-3964.
90. Nagengast W.B., Lub-de Hooge M.N., Oosting S.F., den Dunnen W.F., Warnders F.J., Brouwers A.H., de Jong J.R., Price P.M., Hollema H., Hospers G.A., Elsinga P.H., Hesselink J.W., Gietema J.A., de Vries E.G. VEGF-PET imaging is a noninvasive biomarker showing differential changes in the tumor during sunitinib treatment. Cancer Research 2011, 71:143-153.
91. T.F. Hansen, R.D. Christensen, R.F. Andersen, K.L. Spindler, A. Johnsson, A. Jakobsen, The predictive value of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the VEGF system to the efficacy of first-line treatment with bevacizumab plus chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: results from the Nordic ACT trial, The International Journal of Colorectal Disease (2011).
92. Garcia-Donas J., Esteban E., Leandro-Garcia L.J., Castellano D.E., del Alba A.G., Climent M.A., Arranz J.A., Gallardo E., Puente J., Bellmunt J., Mellado B., Martinez E., Moreno F., Font A., Robledo M., Rodriguez-Antona C. Single nucleotide polymorphism associations with response and toxic effects in patients with advanced renal-cell carcinoma treated with first-line sunitinib: a multicentre, observational, prospective study. Lancet Oncology 2011, 12:1143-1150.
93. Shojaei F., Singh M., Thompson J.D., Ferrara N. Role of Bv8 in neutrophil-dependent angiogenesis in a transgenic model of cancer progression. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States 2008, 105:2640-2645.
94. Shojaei F., Wu X., Zhong C., Yu L., Liang X.H., Yao J., Blanchard D., Bais C., Peale F.V., van Bruggen N., Ho C., Ross J., Tan M., Carano R.A., Meng Y.G., Ferrara N. Bv8 regulates myeloid-cell-dependent tumour angiogenesis. Nature 2007, 450:825-831.
95. Hadj-Slimane R., Lepelletier Y., Lopez N., Garbay C., Raynaud F. Short interfering RNA (siRNA), a novel therapeutic tool acting on angiogenesis. Biochimie 2007, 89:1234-1244.
96. Anand S., Majeti B.K., Acevedo L.M., Murphy E.A., Mukthavaram R., Scheppke L., Huang M., Shields D.J., Lindquist J.N., Lapinski P.E., King P.D., Weis S.M., Cheresh D.A. MicroRNA-132-mediated loss of p120RasGAP activates the endothelium to facilitate pathological angiogenesis. Nature Medicine 2010, 16:909-914.
97. Barakat M.R., Kaiser P.K. VEGF inhibitors for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 2009, 18:637-646.
98. Ferrara N. Vascular endothelial growth factor and age-related macular degeneration: from basic science to therapy. Nature Medicine 2010, 16:1107-1111.
99. Epenetos A.A., Snook D., Durbin H., Johnson P.M., Taylor-Papadimitriou J. Limitations of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies for localization of human neoplasms. Cancer Research 1986, 46:3183-3191.
100. Yoncheva K., Momekov G. Antiangiogenic anticancer strategy based on nanoparticulate systems. Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery 2011, 8:1041-1056.
101. Li L., Wartchow C.A., Danthi S.N., Shen Z., Dechene N., Pease J., Choi H.S., Doede T., Chu P., Ning S., Lee D.Y., Bednarski M.D., Knox S.J. A novel antiangiogenesis therapy using an integrin antagonist or anti-Flk-1 antibody coated 90Y-labeled nanoparticles. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics 2004, 58:1215-1227.
102. Abu Lila A.S., Ishida T., Kiwada H. Targeting anticancer drugs to tumor vasculature using cationic liposomes. Pharmaceutical Research 2010, 27:1171-1183.
103. Abu Lila A.S., Kizuki S., Doi Y., Suzuki T., Ishida T., Kiwada H. Oxaliplatin encapsulated in PEG-coated cationic liposomes induces significant tumor growth suppression via a dual-targeting approach in a murine solid tumor model. Journal of Controlled Release 2009, 137:8-14.
104. Temming K., Schiffelers R.M., Molema G., Kok R.J. RGD-based strategies for selective delivery of therapeutics and imaging agents to the tumour vasculature. Drug Resistance Updates 2005, 8:381-402.
105. Murphy E.A., Majeti B.K., Barnes L.A., Makale M., Weis S.M., Lutu-Fuga K., Wrasidlo W., Cheresh D.A. Nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery to tumor vasculature suppresses metastasis. Proceedings of the National academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2008, 105:9343-9348.
106. Iordanov M.S., Magun B.E. Different mechanisms of c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase-1 (JNK1) activation by ultraviolet-B radiation and by oxidative stressors. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1999, 274:25801-25806.
107. Backer M., Backer J. Targeting endothelial cells overexpressing VEGFR-2: selective toxicity of Shiga-like toxin-VEGF fusion proteins. Bioconjugate Chemistry 2001, 12:1066-1073.
108. Backer M.V., Hamby C.V., Backer J.M. Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling in angiogenic tumor vasculature. Advances in Genetics 2009, 67:1-27.
109. Teicher B.A. Antibody-drug conjugate targets. Current Cancer Drug Targets 2009, 9:982-1004.
110. Gerber H.P., Senter P.D., Grewal I.S. Antibody drug-conjugates targeting the tumor vasculature: current and future developments. MAbs 2009, 1:247-253.
111. Borsi L., Balza E., Bestagno M., Castellani P., Carnemolla B., Biro A., Leprini A., Sepulveda J., Burrone O., Neri D., Zardi L. Selective targeting of tumoral vasculature: comparison of different formats of an antibody (L19) to the ED-B domain of fibronectin. International Journal of Cancer 2002, 102:75-85.
112. Midwood K.S., Hussenet T., Langlois B., Orend G. Advances in tenascin-C biology. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 2011, 68:3175-3199.
113. van der Veldt A.A., Meijerink M.R., van den Eertwegh A.J., Bex A., de Gast G., Haanen J.B., Boven E. Sunitinib for treatment of advanced renal cell cancer: primary tumor response. Clinical Cancer Research 2008, 14:2431-2436.
114. Smith J.K., Mamoon N.M., Duhe R.J. Emerging roles of targeted small molecule protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer therapy. Oncology Research 2004, 14:175-225.
115. Fabian M.A., Biggs W.H., Treiber D.K., Atteridge C.E., Azimioara M.D., Benedetti M.G., Carter T.A., Ciceri P., Edeen P.T., Floyd M., Ford J.M., Galvin M., Gerlach J.L., Grotzfeld R.M., Herrgard S., Insko D.E., Insko M.A., Lai A.G., Lelias J.M., Mehta S.A., Milanov Z.V., Velasco A.M., Wodicka L.M., Patel H.K., Zarrinkar P.P., Lockhart D.J. A small molecule-kinase interaction map for clinical kinase inhibitors. Nature Biotechnology 2005, 23:329-336.
116. Kane R.C., Farrell A.T., Saber H., Tang S., Williams G., Jee J.M., Liang C., Booth B., Chidambaram N., Morse D., Sridhara R., Garvey P., Justice R., Pazdur R. Sorafenib for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma. Clinical Cancer Research 2006, 12:7271-7278.
117. Lang L. FDA approves sorafenib for patients with inoperable liver cancer. Gastroenterology 2008, 134:379.
118. Wells S.A., Gosnell J.E., Gagel R.F., Moley J., Pfister D., Sosa J.A., Skinner M., Krebs A., Vasselli J., Schlumberger M. Vandetanib for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic hereditary medullary thyroid cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2010, 28:767-772.
119. Yakes F.M., Chen J., Tan J., Yamaguchi K., Shi Y., Yu P., Qian F., Chu F., Bentzien F., Cancilla B., Orf J., You A., Laird A.D., Engst S., Lee L., Lesch J., Chou Y.C., Joly A.H. Cabozantinib (XL184), a novel MET and VEGFR2 inhibitor, simultaneously suppresses metastasis, angiogenesis, and tumor growth. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 2011, 10:2298-2308.