Electronic liquid crystal phases in strongly correlated systems

Lecture Notes in Physics

Volumn 843, Issue , 2012, Pages 53-116

  Fradkin, Eduardo ^a  

^a University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84857848623     PISSN: 00758450     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-10449-7_2     Document Type: Article

References (235)

1. Kivelson, S.A., Fradkin, E., Emery, V.J.: Electronic liquid-crystal phases of a doped Mott insulator. Nature 393, 550 (1998)
2. de Gennes, P.G., Prost, J.: The Physics of Liquid Crystals. Oxford Science Publications/Clarendon Press, Oxford, UK (1993)
3. Chaikin, P.M.,Lubensky,T.C.: Principles of Condensed Matter Physics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK (1995)
4. Kivelson, S.A., Fradkin, E., Oganesyan, V., Bindloss, I., Tranquada, J., Kapitulnik, A., Howald, C.: How to detect fluctuating stripes in high tempertature superconductors. Rev. Mod. Phys. 75, 1201 (2003)
5. Berg, E., Fradkin, E., Kim, E.-A., Kivelson, S., Oganesyan, V., Tranquada, J.M., Zhang, S.: Dynamical layer decoupling in a stripe-ordered high Tc superconductor. Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 127003 (2007)
6. Berg, E., Chen, C.-C., Kivelson, S.A.: Stability of nodal quasiparticles in superconductors with coexisting orders. Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 027003 (2008)
7. Fulde, P., Ferrell, R.A.: Superconductivity in a strong spin-exchange field. Phys. Rev. 135, A550 (1964)
8. Larkin, A.I., Ovchinnikov, Y.N.: Nonuniform state of superconductors. Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 47, 1136 (1964). (Sov. Phys. JETP. 20, 762 (1965))
9. Fradkin, E., Kivelson, S.A., Manousakis, E., Nho, K.: Nematic phase of the two-dimensional electron gas in a magnetic field. Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 1982 (2000)
10. Cooper, K.B., Lilly, M.P., Eisenstein, J.P., Pfeiffer, L.N., West, K.W.: Onset of anisotropic transport of two-dimensional electrons in high Landau levels: possible isotropic-to-nematic liquid-crystal phase transition. Phys. Rev. B 65, 241313 (2002)
11. Ando, Y., Segawa, K., Komiya, S., Lavrov, A.N.: Electrical resistivity anisotropy from selforganized one-dimensionality in high-temperature superconductors. Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 137005 (2002)
12. Borzi, R.A., Grigera, S.A., Farrell, J., Perry, R.S., Lister, S.J.S., Lee, S.L., Tennant, D.A., Maeno, Y.,Mackenzie, A.P.: Formation of a nematic fluid at high fields in Sr3Ru2O7. Science 315, 214 (2007)
13. Hinkov, V., Haug, D., Fauqué, B., Bourges, P., Sidis, Y., Ivanov, A., Bernhard, C., Lin, C.T., Keimer, B.: Electronic liquid crystal state in superconducting YBa2Cu3O6.45. Science 319, 597 (2008)
14. Sun, K., Fradkin, E.: Time-reversal symmetry breaking and spontaneous anomalous Hall effect in Fermi fluids. Phys. Rev. B 78, 245122 (2008)
15. Varma, C.M.: A theory of the pseudogap state of the cuprates. Philos. Mag. 85, 1657 (2005)
16. Wu, C., Zhang, S.-C.: Dynamic generation of spin-orbit coupling. Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 036403 (2004)
17. Wu, C.J., Sun, K., Fradkin, E., Zhang, S.-C.: Fermi liquid instabilities in the spin channel. Phys. Rev. B 75, 115103 (2007)
18. Anderson, P.W.: The resonating valence bond state of La2CuO4 and superconductivity. Science 235, 1196 (1987)
19. Emery, V.J., Kivelson, S.A., Lin, H.Q.: Phase separation in the t-J model. Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 475 (1990)
20. Dagotto, E.: Correlated electrons in high-temperature superconductors. Rev. Mod. Phys. 66, 763 (1994) (Pubitemid 24821628)
21. Emery, V.J., Kivelson, S.A.: Frustrated electronic phase separation and high-temperature superconductors. Physica C 209, 597 (1993)
22. Seul, M., Andelman, D.: Domain shapes and patterns: the phenomenology of modulated phases. Science 267, 476 (1995)
23. Lorenz, C.P., Ravenhall, D.G., Pethick, C.J.: Neutron star crusts. Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 379 (1993)
24. Fradkin, E., Kivelson, S.A., Lawler, M.J., Eisenstein, J.P., Mackenzie, A.P.: Nematic Fermi fluids in condensed matter physics. Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys. 1, 71 (2010)
25. Lilly, M.P., Cooper, K.B., Eisenstein, J.P., Pfeiffer, L.N., West, K.W.: Evidence for an anisotropic state of two-dimensional electrons in high Landau levels. Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 394 (1999)
26. Lilly, M.P., Cooper, K.B., Eisenstein, J.P., Pfeiffer, L.N., West, K.W.: Anisotropic states of two-dimensional electron systems in high Landau levels: effect of an in-plane magnetic field. Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 824 (1999)
27. Du, R.R., Tsui, D.C., Störmer, H.L., Pfeiffer, L.N., Baldwin, K.W., West, K.W.: Strongly anisotropic transport in higher two-dimensional Landau levels. Solid State Comm. 109, 389 (1999)
28. Pan, W., Du, R.R., Störmer, H.L., Tsui, D.C., Pfeiffer, L.N., Baldwin, K.W., West, K.W.: Strongly anisotropic electronic transport at Landau level filling factor ν = 9/2 and ν = 5/2 under tilted magnetic field. Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 820 (1999)
29. Koulakov, A.A., Fogler, M.M., Shklovskii, B.I.: Charge density wave in two-dimensional electron liquid in weak magnetic field. Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 499 (1996)
30. Moessner, R., Chalker, J.T.: Exact results for interacting electrons in high Landau levels. Phys. Rev. B 54, 5006 (1996)
31. Fradkin, E., Kivelson, S.A.: Liquid crystal phases of quantum Hall systems. Phys. Rev. B 59, 8065 (1999)
32. MacDonald, A.H., Fisher, M.P.A.: Quantum theory of quantum Hall smectics. Phys. Rev. B 61, 5724 (2000)
33. Barci, D.G., Fradkin, E., Kivelson, S.A., Oganesyan, V.: Theory of the quantum Hall smectic phase. I. Low-energy properties of the quantum Hall smectic fixed point. Phys. Rev. B 65, 245319 (2002)
34. Cooper, K.B., Lilly, M.P., Eisenstein, J.P., Jungwirth, T., Pfeiffer, L.N.,West, K.W.: An investigation of orientational symmetry-breaking mechanisms in high Landau levels. Sol. State Commun. 119, 89 (2001)
35. Cooper, K.B., Eisenstein, J.P., Pfeiffer, L.N., West, K.W.: Observation of narrow-band noise accompanying the breakdown of insulating states in high Landau levels. Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 226803 (2003)
36. Wexler, C., Dorsey, A.T.: Disclination unbinding transition in quantum Hall liquid crystals. Phys. Rev. B 64, 115312 (2001)
37. Radzihovsky, L., Dorsey, A.T.: Theory of quantum Hall nematics. Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 216802 (2002)
38. Doan, Q.M., Manousakis, E.: Quantum nematic as ground state of a two-dimensional electron gas in a magnetic field. Phys. Rev. B 75, 195433 (2007)
39. Oganesyan, V., Kivelson, S.A., Fradkin, E.: Quantum theory of a nematic Fermi fluid. Phys. Rev. B 64, 195109 (2001)
40. Grigera, S.A., Gegenwart, P., Borzi, R.A., Weickert, F., Schofield, A.J., Perry, R.S., Tayama, T., Sakakibara, T., Maeno, Y., Green, A.G. et al.: Disorder-sensitive phase formation linked to metamagnetic quantum criticality. Science 306, 1154 (2004)
41. Fradkin, E.,Kivelson, S.A., Oganesyan,V.:Discovery of a nematic electron fluid in a transition metal oxide. Science 315, 196 (2007)
42. Grigera, S.A., Perry, R.S., Schofield, A.J., Chiao, M., Julian, S.R., Lonzarich, G.G., Ikeda, S.I., Maeno, Y.,Millis, A.J., Mackenzie, A.P.:Magnetic field-tuned quantum criticality in the metallic ruthenate Sr3Ru2O7. Science 294, 329 (2001)
43. Millis, A.J., Schofield, A.J., Lonzarich, G.G., Grigera, S.A.: Metamagnetic quantum criticality. Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 217204 (2002)
44. Perry, R.S., Kitagawa, K., Grigera, S.A., Borzi, R.A.,Mackenzie, A.P., Ishida, K.,Maeno, Y.: Multiple first-ordermetamagnetic transitions and quantum oscillations in ultrapure Sr3Ru2O7. Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 166602 (2004)
45. Green, A.G., Grigera, S.A., Borzi, R.A., Mackenzie, A.P., Perry, R.S., Simons, B.D.: Phase bifurcation and quantum fluctuations in Sr3Ru2O7. Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 086402 (2005)
46. Jamei, R., Kivelson. Spivak, B.: Universal aspects of Coulomb-frustrated phase separation. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 056805 (2005)
47. Lorenzana, J., Castellani, C., Di Castro, C.: Mesoscopic frustrated phase separation in electronic systems. Euro. Phys. Lett. 57, 704 (2002)
48. Kivelson, S.A., Fradkin, E.: In: Schrieffer, J.R., Brooks, J. (eds.) Handbook of High Temperature Superconductivity, pp. 569-595. Springer-Verlag, New York (2007)
49. Chakravarty, S., Laughlin, R.B., Morr, D.K., Nayak, C.: Hidden order in the cuprates. Phys. Rev. B 63, 094503 (2001)
50. Fujita,M., Goka, H., Yamada, K., Tranquada, J.M., Regnault, L.P.: Stripe order depinning and fluctuations in La1.875Ba0.125CuO4 and La1.875Ba0.075Sr0. 050CuO4. Phys. Rev. B 70, 104517 (2004)
51. Abbamonte, P., Rusydi, A., Smadici, S., Gu, G.D., Sawatzky, G.A., Feng, D.L.: Spatially modulated 'Mottness' in La2xBaxCuO4. Nature Phys. 1, 155 (2005)
52. Tranquada, J.M.: In: Schrieffer, J.R., Brooks, J. (ed.) Treatise of High Temperature Superconductivity, pp. 257-298. Springer-Verlag, New York (2007)
53. Tranquada, J.M., Sternlieb, B.J., Axe, J.D., Nakamura, Y., Uchida, S.: Evidence for stripe correlations of spins and holes in copper oxide superconductors. Nature 375, 561 (1995)
54. Tranquada, J.M., Woo, H., Perring, T.G., Goka, H., Gu, G.D., Xu, G., Fujita, M., Yamada, K.: Quantum magnetic excitations from stripes in copper-oxide superconductors. Nature 429, 534 (2004)
55. Haug, D., Hinkov, V., Suchaneck, A., Inosov, D.S., Christensen, N.B., Niedermayer, C., Bourges, P., Sidis, Y., Park, J.T., Ivanov, A. et al.: Magnetic-field-enhanced incommensurate magnetic order in the underdoped high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O6.45. Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 017001 (2009)
56. Hinkov, V., Bourges, P., Pailhés, S., Sidis, Y., Ivanov, A., Frost, C.D., Perring, T.G., Lin, C.T., Chen, D.P., Keimer, B.: Spin dynamics in the pseudogap state of a high-temperature superconductor. Nature Phys. 3, 780 (2007)
57. Hinkov, V., Bourges, P., Pailhés, S., Sidis, Y., Ivanov, A., Lin, C., Chen, D., Keimer, B.: In-plane anisotropy of spin excitations in the normal and superconducting states of underdoped YBa2Cu3O6+x. Nature Phys. 3, 780 (2007)
58. Mook, H.A., Dai, P., Doǧan, F., Hunt, R.D.: One-dimensional nature of the magnetic fluctuations in YBa2Cu3O6.6. Nature 404, 729 (2000)
59. Stock, C.,Buyers,W.J.L., Liang, R., Peets, D.,Tun, Z.,Bonn, D.,Hardy,W.N., Birgeneau,R.J.: Dynamic stripes and resonance in the superconducting and normal phases of YBa2Cu3O6.5 ortho-II superconductor. Phys. Rev. B 69, 014502 (2004)
60. Daou, R., Chang, J., LeBoeuf, D., Cyr-Choinière, O., Laliberté, F., Doiron-Leyraud, N., Ramshaw, B.J., Liang, R., Bonn, D.A., Hardy, W.N. et al.: Broken rotational symmetry in the pseudogap phase of a high-Tc superconductor. Nature 463, 519 (2010)
61. Li, L., Wang, Y., Naughton, M.J., Komiya, S., Ono, S., Ando, Y., Ong, N.P.: Magnetization, nernst effect and vorticity in the cuprates. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 310, 460 (2007)
62. Cyr-Choinière, O., Daou, R., Laliberté, F., LeBoeuf, D., Doiron-Leyraud, N., Chang, J., Yan, J.-Q., Cheng, J.-G., Zhou, J.-S., Goodenough, J.B. et al.: Enhancement of the nernst effect by stripe order in a high-Tc superconductor. Nature 458, 743 (2009)
63. Matsuda, M., Fujita, M.,Wakimoto, S., Fernandez-Baca, J.A., Tranquada, J.M., Yamada, K.: Magnetic excitations of the diagonal incommensurate phase in lightly-doped La2x SrxCuO4. Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 197001 (2008)
64. Lake, B., Rønnow, H.M., Christensen, N.B., Aeppli, G., Lefmann, K., McMorrow, D.F., Vorderwisch, P., Smeibidl, P., Mangkorntong, N., Sasagawa, T., Nohara, M., Takagi, H., Mason, T.E.: Antiferromagnetic order induced by an applied magnetic field in a high temperature superconductor. Nature 415, 299 (2002)
65. Li, Q., Hücker, M., Gu, G.D., Tsvelik, A.M., Tranquada, J.M.: Two-dimensional superconducting fluctuations in stripe-ordered La1.875Ba0.125CuO4. Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 067001 (2007)
66. Valla, T., Fedorov, A.V., Lee, J., Davis, J.C., Gu, G.D.: The ground state of the pseudogap in cuprate superconductors. Science 314, 1914 (2006)
67. He, R.-H., Tanaka, K., Mo, S.-K., Sasagawa, T., Fujita, M., Adachi, T., Mannella, N., Yamada, K.,Koike,Y., Hussain, Z. et al.: Energy gaps in the failed high-Tc superconductor La1.875Ba0.125CuO4. Nat. Phys. 5, 119 (2008)
68. Berg, E., Fradkin, E., Kivelson, S.A.: Charge 4e superconductivity from pair density wave order in certain high temperature superconductors. Nature Phys. 5, 830 (2009)
69. Schafgans, A.A., LaForge, A.D., Dordevic, S.V., Qazilbash, M.M., Komiya, S., Ando, Y., Basov,D.N.: Towards two-dimensional superconductivity in La2x SrxCuO4 in amoderate magnetic field. Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 157002 (2010)
70. Kohsaka, Y., Taylor, C., Fujita,K., Schmidt, A., Lupien, C., Hanaguri, T., Azuma,M., Takano, M., Eisaki, H., Takagi, H. et al.: An intrinsic bond-centered electronic glass with unidirectional domains in underdoped cuprates. Science 315, 1380 (2007)
71. Howald, C., Eisaki, H., Kaneko, N., Kapitulnik, A.: Coexistence of charged stripes and superconductivity in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100, 9705 (2003)
72. Hanaguri, T., Lupien, C., Kohsaka, Y., Lee, D.H., Azuma,M., Takano, M., Takagi, H., Davis, J.C.: A 'checkerboard' electronic crystal state in lightly hole-doped Ca2xNaxCuO2Cl2. Nature 430, 1001 (2004)
73. Vershinin, M., Misra, S., Ono, S., Abe, Y., Ando, Y., Yazdani, A.: Local ordering in the pseudogap state of the high-Tc superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ . Science 303, 1005 (2004)
74. Lawler,M.J., Fujita,K., Lee, J.W., Schmidt,A.R.,Kohsaka,Y.,Kim, C.K., Eisaki,H., Uchida, S., Davis, J.C., Sethna, J.P. et al.: Electronic nematic ordering of the intra-unit-cell pseudogap states in underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ. Nature 466, 347 (2009)
75. Kamihara, Y., Watanabe, T., Hirano, M., Hosono, H.: Iron-based layered superconductor La[O1xFx[. FeAs (x=0.05-0.12) with Tc = 26 K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130, 3296 (2008)
76. Mu, G., Zhu, X., Fang, L., Shan, L., Ren, C., Wen, H.H.: Nodal gap in Fe-based layered superconductor LaO0.9F0.1δFeAs probed by specific heat measurements. Chin. Phys. Lett. 25, 2221 (2008)
77. Fang, C., Yao, H., Tsai, W.-F., Hu, J.P., Kivelson, S.A.: Theory of electron nematic order in LaOFeAs. Phys. Rev. B 77, 224509 (2008)
78. Xu, C., Müller, M., Sachdev, S.: Ising and spin orders in Iron-based superconductors. Phys. Rev. B 78, 020501 (R) (2008)
79. Chuang, T.-M., Allan, M., Lee, J., Xie, Y., Ni, N., Bud'ko, S., Boebinger, G.S., Canfield, P.C., Davis, J.C.: Nematic electronic structure in the 'parent' state of the iron-based superconductor Ca(Fe1xCox )2As2. Science 327, 181 (2010)
80. Dagotto., E., Hotta., T., Moreo, A.: Colossal magnetoresistant materials: the key role of phase separation. Phys. Rep. 344, 1 (2001)
81. Rübhausen, M., Yoon, S., Cooper, S.L., Kim, K.H., Cheong, S.W.: Anisotropic optical signatures of orbital and charge ordering in Bi1xCaxMnO3. Phys. Rev. B 62, R4782 (2000)
82. Grüner, G.: The dynamics of charge-density waves. Rev. Mod. Phys. 60, 1129 (1988)
83. Grüner, G.: The dynamics of spin-density-waves. Rev. Mod. Phys. 66, 1 (1994)
84. McMillan,W.L.: Landau theory of charge density waves in transition-metal dichalcogenides. Phys. Rev. B 12, 1187 (1975)
85. McMillan, W.L.: Theory of discommensurations and the commensurate- incommensurate charge-density-wave phase transition. Phys. Rev. B 14, 1496 (1976)
86. Emery,V.J., Fradkin, E.,Kivelson, S.A., Lubensky, T.C.: Quantum theory of the smectic metal state in stripe shases. Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 2160 (2000)
87. Carlson, E.W., Emery, V.J., Kivelson, S.A., Orgad, D.: In: Bennemann, K.H., Ketterson, J.B. (ed.) The Physics ofConventional and Unconventional Superconductors, vol. II, Springer-Verlag, Berlin (2004)
88. Snow, C.S., Karpus, J.F., Cooper, S.L., Kidd, T.E., Chiang, T.-C.: Quantum melting of the charge-density-wave state in 1T-TiSe2. Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 136402 (2003)
89. Morosan, E., Zandbergen, H.W., Dennis, B.S., Bos, J.W., Onose, Y., Klimczuk, T., Ramirez, A.P., Ong, N.P., Cava, R.J.: Superconductivity in Cux TiSe2. Nature Phys. 2, 44 (2006)
90. Barath,H., Kim, M.,Karpus, J.F., Cooper, S.L., Abbamonte, P., Fradkin, E., Morosan,E., Cava, R.J.: Quantum and classical mode softening near the charge-density-wave/superconductor transition of Cux TiSe2 : Raman spectroscopic studies. Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 106402 (2008)
91. Dai, H., Chen, H., Lieber, C.M.:Weak pinning and hexatic order in a doped two-dimensional charge-density-wave system. Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 3183 (1991)
92. Kusmartseva, A.F., Sipos, B., Berker, H., Forró, L., Tutiš, E.: Pressure induced superconductivity in pristine 1T-TiSe2. Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 236401 (2009)
93. Brouet, V., Yang, W.L., Zhou, X.J., Hussain, Z., Ru, N., Shin, K.Y., Fisher, I.R., Shen, Z.X.: Fermi surface reconstruction in the CDW state of CeTe3 observed by photoemission. Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 126405 (2004)
94. Laverock, J., Dugdale, S.B., Major, Z., Alam, M.A., Ru, N., Fisher, I.R., Santi, G., Bruno, E.: Fermi surface nesting and charge-density wave formation in rare-earth tritellurides. Phys. Rev. B 71, 085114 (2005)
95. Sacchetti, A., Degiorgi, L., Giamarchi, T., Ru, N., Fisher, I.R.: Chemical pressure and hidden one-dimensional behavior in rare-earth tri-telluride charge-density-wave compounds. Phys. Rev. B 74, 125115 (2006)
96. Fang, A., Ru, N., Fisher, I.R., Kapitulnik, A.: STM studies of Tb Te3 : evidence for a fully incommensurate charge density wave. Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 046401 (2007)
97. Yao, H., Robertson, J.A., Kim, E.-A., Kivelson, S.A.: Theory of stripes in quasi-twodimensional rare-earth tritellurides. Phys. Rev. B 74, 245126 (2006)
98. Vojta, M.: Lattice symmetry breaking in cuprate superconductors: stripes, nematics, and superconductivity. Adv. Phys. 58, 564 (2009)
99. Brazovskii, S., Kirova, N.: Electron self-localization and superstructures in quasi onedimensional dielectrics. Sov. Sci. Rev. A 5, 99 (1984)
100. Kivelson, S.A., Emery, V.J.: In: Bedell, K., Wang, Z., Meltzer, D.E., Balatsky, A.V., Abrahams, E. (ed.) Strongly Correlated Electron Materials: The Los Alamos Symposium 1993, pp. 619-650. Addison-Wesley, Redwood City (1994)
101. Zaanen, J., Gunnarsson, O.: Charged magnetic domain lines and the magnetism of high Tc oxides. Phys. Rev. B 40, 7391 (1989)
102. Schulz, H.J.: Incommensurate antiferromagnetism in the 2-dimensionalHubbard model. Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 1445 (1990)
103. Poilblanc, D., Rice, T.M.: Charged solitons in the hartree-fock approximation to the large-U Hubbard model. Phys. Rev. B 39, 9749 (1989)
104. Machida, K.: Magnetism in La2CuO4 based compounds. Physica C 158, 192 (1989)
105. Kato,M., Machida, K., Nakanishi, H., Fujita,M.: Soliton lattice modulation of incommensurate spin density wave in two dimensional Hubbard model-a mean field study. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 59, 1047 (1990)
106. Kivelson, S.A., Emery, V.J.: Topological doping. Synth. Met. 80, 151 (1996)
107. Emery, V.J., Kivelson, S.A., Tranquada, J.M.: Stripe phases in high-temperature superconductors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 8814 (1999)
108. Pryadko, L.P., Kivelson, S.A., Emery, V.J., Bazaliy, Y.B., Demler, E.A.: Topological doping and the stability of stripe phases. Phys. Rev. B 60, 7541 (1999)
109. Berg, E., Fradkin, E., Kivelson, S.A., Tranquada, J.M.: Striped superconductors: how the cuprates intertwine spin, charge and superconducting orders. New J. Phys. 11, 115004 (2009)
110. Read, N., Sachdev, S.: Valence-bond and Spin-Peierls ground states in low-dimensional quantum antiferromagnets. Phys. Rev. Lett. 62, 1694 (1989)
111. Vojta, M., Sachdev, S.: Charge order, superconductivity, and a global phase diagram of doped antiferromagnets. Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 3916 (1999)
112. Vojta, M., Zhang, Y., Sachdev, S.: Competing orders and quantum criticality in doped antiferromagnets. Phys. Rev. B 62, 6721 (2000)
113. Kivelson, S.A., Rokhsar, D., Sethna, J.P.: Topology of the resonating valence-bond state: solitons and high Tc superconductivity. Phys. Rev. B 35, 865 (1987)
114. Capello,M., Raczkowski, M., Poilblanc, D.: Stability of RVB hole stripes in high temperature superconductors. Phys. Rev. B 77, 224502 (2008)
115. Himeda, A., Kato, T., Ogata, M.: Stripe states with spatially oscillating d-wave superconductivity in the two-dimensional t́tσ́ J model. Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 117001 (2002)
116. Yamase, H., Metzner, W.: Competition of Fermi surface symmetry breaking and superconductivity. Phys. Rev. B 75, 155117 (2007)
117. White, S.R., Scalapino, D.J.: Ground states of the doped four-leg t-J ladder. Phys. Rev. B 55, 14701 (R) (1997)
118. White, S.R., Scalapino, D.J.: Density matrix renormalization group study of the striped phase in the 2D t-J model. Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 1272 (1998)
119. White, S.R., Scalapino, D.J.: Ground-state properties of the doped three-leg t-J ladder. Phys. Rev. B 57, 3031 (1998)
120. White, S.R., Scalapino, D.J.: Phase separation and stripe formation in the two-dimensional t-J model: a comparison of numerical results. Phys. Rev. B 61, 6320 (2000)
121. Hager, G.,Wellein,G., Jackelmann, E., Fehske, H.: Stripe formation in dopedHubbard ladders. Phys. Rev. B 71, 075108 (2005)
122. Kivelson, S.A., Emery, V.J., Lin, H.Q.: Doped antiferromagnets in the small t limit. Phys. Rev. B 42, 6523 (1990)
123. Emery, V.J.: Theory of high Tc superconductivity in oxides. Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2794 (1987)
124. Lorenzana, J., Seibold, G.: Metallic mean-field stripes, incommensurability, and chemical potential in cuprates. Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 136401 (2002)
125. Granath, M., Oganesyan, V., Kivelson, S.A., Fradkin, E., Emery, V.J.: Nodal quasi-particles and coexisting orders in striped superconductors. Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 167011 (2001)
126. Arrigoni, E., Fradkin, E., Kivelson, S.A.: Mechanism of high temperature superconductivity in a striped Hubbard model. Phys. Rev. B. 69, 214519 (2004)
127. Emery, V.J.: In: Devreese, J.T., Evrard, R.P., van Doren, V.E. (ed.) Highly Conducting One-Dimensional Solids, p. 327. Plenum Press, New York (1979)
128. Luther, A., Emery, V.J.: Backward scattering in the one-dimensional electron gas. Phys. Rev. Lett. 33, 589 (1974)
129. Noack, R.M., Bulut, N., Scalapino, D.J., Zacher,M.G.: Enhanced dx2y2 pairing correlations in the two-leg Hubbard ladder. Phys. Rev. B 56, 7162 (1997)
130. Balents, L., Fisher, M.P.A.: Weak-coupling phase diagram of the two-chain Hubbard model. Phys. Rev. B 53, 12133 (1996)
131. Lin, H.H., Balents, L., Fisher, M.P.A.: N-chain Hubbard model in weak coupling. Phys. Rev. B 56, 6569 (1997)
132. Lin, H.H., Balents, L., Fisher, M.P.A.: Exact SO(8) symmetry in the weakly-interacting two-leg ladder. Phys. Rev. B 58, 1794 (1998)
133. Emery, V.J., Kivelson, S.A., Zachar, O.: Classification and stability of phases of the multicomponent one-dimensional electron gas. Phys. Rev. B 59, 15641 (1999)
134. Emery, V.J., Kivelson, S.A., Zachar, O.: Spin-gap proximity effect mechanism of high temperature superconductivity. Phys. Rev. B 56, 6120 (1997)
135. Tsunetsugu, H., Troyer, M., Rice, T.M.: Pairing and excitation spectrum in doped t-J ladders. Phys. Rev. B 51, 16456 (1995)
136. Vishwanath, A., Carpentier, D.: Two-dimensional anisotropic non-Fermi-liquid phase of coupled luttinger liquids. Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 676 (2001)
137. Fertig, H.A.: Unlocking transition for modulated surfaces and quantum Hall stripes. Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 3693 (1999)
138. Lawler, M.J., Fradkin, E.: Quantum Hall smectics, sliding symmetry and the renormalization group. Phys. Rev. B 70, 165310 (2004)
139. O'Hern, C.S., Lubensky, T.C., Toner, J.: Sliding phases in XY-models, crystals, and cationic lipid-DNA complexes. Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 2746 (1999)
140. Carlson, E.W., Orgad, D., Kivelson, S.A., Emery, V.J.: Dimensional crossover in quasi one-dimensional and high Tc superconductors. Phys. Rev. B 62, 3422 (2000)
141. Affleck, I., Halperin, B.I.: On a renormalization group approach to dimensional crossover. J. Phys. A.: Math. Gen. 29, 2627 (1996)
142. Lee, P.A., Nagaosa, N., Wen, X.-G.: Doping a mott insulator: physics of high temperature superconductivity. Rev. Mod. Phys. 78, 17 (2006)
143. Berg, E., Fradkin, E., Kivelson, S.A.: Theory of the striped superconductor. Phys. Rev. B 79, 064515 (2009)
144. Tranquada, J.M., Gu, G.D., Hücker,M., Kang, H.J., Klingerer, R., Li, Q.,Wen, J.S., Xu, G.Y., Zimmermann, M.v.: Evidence for unusual superconducting correlations coexisting with stripe order in La1.875Ba0.125CuO4. Phys. Rev. B 78, 174529 (2008)
145. Hücker, M., Zimmermann, M.V., Debessai, M., Schilling, J.S., Tranquada, J.M., Gu, G.D.: Spontaneous symmetry breaking by charge stripes in the high-pressure phase of superconducting La1.875Ba0.125CuO4. Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 057004 (2010)
146. Raczkowski, M., Capello, M., Poilblanc, D., Frésard, R., Olés, A.M.: Unidirectional d-wave superconducting domains in the two-dimensional t-J model. Phys. Rev. B 76, 140505 (R) (2007)
147. Yang, K.-Y., Chen, W.-Q., Rice, T.M., Sigrist, M., Zhang, F.-C.: Nature of stripes in the generalized t-Jmodel applied to the cuprate superconductors. New J. Phys. 11, 055053 (2009)
148. Loder, F., Kampf, A.P., Kopp, T.: Superconductivity with finite-momentum pairing in zero magnetic field. Phys. Rev. B 81, 020511 (2010)
149. Chen, H.D., Vafek, O., Yazdani, A., Zhang, S.-C.: Pair density wave in the pseudogap state of high temperature superconductors. Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 187002 (2004)
150. Melikyan,A., Tešanovíc, Z.:Amodel of phase fluctuations in a lattice d-wave superconductor: application to the Cooper pair charge-density-wave in underdoped cuprates. Phys. Rev. B 71, 214511 (2005)
151. Kosterlitz, J.M., Thouless, D.J.: Order metastability and phase transitions in two-dimensional systems. J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. 6, 1181 (1973)
152. José, J.V., Kadanoff, L.P., Kirkpatrick, S., Nelson, D.R.: Renormalization, vortices, and symmetry-breaking perturbations in the wto-dimensional planar model. Phys. Rev. B 16, 1217 (1977)
153. Cardy, J.: Scaling and Renormalization in Statistical Physics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK (1996) Chapter 8
154. Krüger, F., Scheidl, S.: Non-universal ordering of spin and charge in stripe phases. Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 095701 (2002)
155. Podolsky, D., Chandrasekharan, S., Vishwanath, A.: Phase transitions of S = 1 spinor condensates in an optical lattice. Phys. Rev. B 80, 214513 (2009)
156. Radzihovsky, L., Vishwanath, A.: Quantum liquid crystals in imbalanced Fermi gas: fluctuations and fractional vortices in Larkin-Ovchinnikov states. Phys.Rev. Lett. 103, 010404 (2009)
157. Baym, G., Pethick, C.: Landau Fermi Liquid Theory. Wiley , New York, NY (1991)
158. Polchinski, J.: In: Harvey, J., Polchinski, J. (ed.) Recent directions in particle theory: from superstrings and black holes to the Standard Model (TASI-92). Theoretical Advanced Study Institute in High Elementary Particle Physics (TASI 92), Boulder, Colorado, USA, 1-26 Jun 1992. (World Scientific, Singapore 1993).
159. Shankar, R.: Renormalization-group approach to interacting fermions. Rev. Mod. Phys. 66, 129 (1994) (Pubitemid 24777948)
160. Pomeranchuk, I.I.: On the stability of a Fermi liquid. Sov. Phys. JETP 8, 361 (1958)
161. Kee, H.-Y., Kim, E.H., Chung, C.-H.: Signatures of an electronic nematic phase at the isotropic-nematic phase transition. Phys. Rev. B 68, 245109 (2003)
162. Khavkine, I., Chung, C.-H., Oganesyan, V., Kee, H.-Y.: Formation of an electronic nematic phase in interacting fermion systems. Phys. Rev. B 70, 155110 (2004)
163. Yamase, H., Oganesyan, V., Metzner, W.: Mean-field theory for symmetry-breaking Fermi surface deformations on a square lattice. Phys. Rev. B 72, 035114 (2005)
164. Halboth, C.J., Metzner, W.: D-wave superconductivity and pomeranchuk instability in the two-dimensional Hubbard model. Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 5162 (2000)
165. Metzner, W., Rohe, D., Andergassen, S.: Soft Fermi surfaces and breakdown of Fermi-liquid behavior. Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 066402 (2003)
166. Neumayr, A., Metzner, W.: Renormalized perturbation theory for Fermi systems: Fermi surface deformation and superconductivity in the two-dimensional Hubbard model. Phys. Rev. B 67, 035112 (2003)
167. Dell'Anna, L., Metzner, W.: Fermi surface fluctuations and single electron excitations near pomeranchuk instability in two dimensions. Phys. Rev. B 73, 45127 (2006)
168. Honerkamp, C., Salmhofer, M., Furukawa, N., Rice, T.M.: Breakdown of the Landau-Fermi liquid in two dimensions due to umklapp scattering. Phys. Rev. B 63, 035109 (2001)
169. Honerkamp, C., Salmhofer, M., Rice, T.M.: Flow to strong coupling in the two-dimensional Hubbard model. Euro. Phys. J. B 27, 127 (2002)
170. Hankevych, V., Grote, I.,Wegner, F.: Pomeranchuk and other instabilities in the t-t' Hubbard model at the van hove filling. Phys. Rev. B 66, 094516 (2002)
171. Lamas, C.A., Cabra, D.C., Grandi, N.: Fermi liquid instabilities in two-dimensional lattice models. Phys. Rev. B 78, 115104 (2008)
172. Quintanilla, J., Haque, M., Schofield, A.J.: Symmetry-breaking Fermi surface deformations from central interactions in two dimensions. Phys. Rev. B 78, 035131 (2008)
173. Sun, K., Yao, H., Fradkin, E., Kivelson, S.A.: Topological insulators and nematic phases from spontaneous symmetry breaking in 2D Fermi systems with a quadratic band crossing. Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 046811 (2009)
174. Yamase, H., Kohno, H.: Possible quasi-one-dimensional Fermi surface in La2x SrxCuO4. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 69, 2151 (2000)
175. Miyanaga, A., Yamase, H.: Orientational symmetry-breaking correlations in square lattice t-J model. Phys. Rev. B 73, 174513 (2006)
176. Kivelson, S.A., Fradkin, E., Geballe, T.H.: Quasi-1D dynamics and the Nematic phase of the 2D emery model. Phys. Rev. B 69, 144505 (2004)
177. Lawler, M.J., Barci, D.G., Fernández, V., Fradkin, E., Oxman, L.: Nonperturbative behavior of the quantum phase transition to a nematic Fermi fluid. Phys. Rev. B 73, 085101 (2006)
178. Lawler, M.J., Fradkin, E.: Local quantum criticality in the nematic quantum phase transition of a Fermi fluid. Phys. Rev. B 75, 033304 (2007)
179. Metlitski, M.A., Sachdev, S.: Quantum phase transitions of metals in two spatial dimensions:I. Ising-nematic order. Phys. Rev. B 82, 075127 (2010)
180. Kee, H.Y., Kim, Y.B.: Itinerant metamagnetism induced by electronic nematic order. Phys. Rev. B 71, 184402 (2005)
181. Yamase, H., Katanin, A.A.: Van Hove singularity and spontaneous Fermi surface symmetry breaking in Sr3Ru2O7. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 76, 073706 (2007)
182. Puetter, C.M., Doh, H., Kee, H.-Y.: Meta-nematic transitions in a bilayer system: application to the bilayer ruthenate. Phys. Rev. B 76, 235112 (2007)
183. Puetter, C.M., Rau, J.G., Kee, H.-Y.: Microscopic route to nematicity in Sr3Ru2O7. Phys.Rev. B 81, 081105 (2010)
184. Raghu, S., Paramekanti, A., Kim, E.-A., Borzi, R.A., Grigera, S., Mackenzie, A.P., Kivelson, S.A.: Microscopic theory of the nematic phase in Sr3Ru2O7. Phys. Rev. B 79, 214402 (2009)
185. Lee, W.C., Wu, C.: Nematic electron states enhanced by orbital band hybridization. Phys. Rev. B 80, 104438 (2009)
186. Fregoso, B.M., Sun, K., Fradkin, E., Lev, B.L.: Biaxial nematic phases in ultracold dipolar Fermi gases. New J. Phys. 11, 103003 (2009)
187. Fregoso, B.M., Fradkin, E.: Ferro-Nematic ground state of the dilute dipolar Fermi gas. Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 205301 (2009)
188. Kim, E.A., Lawler, M.J., Oreto, P., Sachdev, S., Fradkin, E., Kivelson, S.A.: Theory of the nodal nematic quantum phase transition in superconductors. Phys. Rev. B 77, 184514 (2008)
189. Huh, Y., Sachdev, S.: Renormalization group theory of nematic ordering in d-wave superconductors. Phys. Rev. B 78, 064512 (2008)
190. Varma, C.M.: Non-Fermi-liquid states and pairing instability of a general model of copper oxide metals. Phys. Rev. B 55, 4554 (1997)
191. Barci, D.G., Oxman, L.E.: Strongly correlated fermions with nonlinear energy dispersion and spontaneous generation of anisotropic phases. Phys. Rev. B 67, 205108 (2003)
192. Zacharias, M.,Wölfle, P., Garst, M.: Multiscale quantum criticality: Pomeranchuk instability in isotropic metals. Phys. Rev. B 80, 165116 (2009)
193. Hertz, J.A.: Quantum critical phenomena. Phys. Rev. B 14, 1165 (1976)
194. Millis, A.J.: Effect of a nonzero temperature on quantum critical points in itinerant Fermion systems. Phys. Rev. B 48, 7183 (1993)
195. Sachdev, S.: Quantum Phase Transitions. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,UK(1999)
196. Jain, J.K.: Composite-fermion approach for the fractional quantum Hall effect. Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 199 (1989)
197. Lopez, A., Fradkin, E.: Fractional quantum Hall effect and Chern-Simons gauge theories. Phys. Rev. B 44, 5246 (1991)
198. Halperin, B.I., Lee, P.A., Read, N.: Theory of the half-filled Landau level. Phys. Rev. B 47, 7312 (1993)
199. Rezayi, E., Read, N.: Fermi-liquid-like state in a half-filled Landau level. Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 900 (1994)
200. Doan, Q.M., Manousakis, E.: Variational Monte Carlo calculation of the nematic state of the two-dimensional electron gas in a magnetic field. Phys. Rev. B 78, 075314 (2008)
201. Dell'Anna, L., Metzner,W.: Electrical resistivity near pomeranchuk instability in two dimensions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 136402 (2007).
202. Erratum: Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 220602 (2009)
203. Haldane, F.D.M.: In: Schrieffer, J.R., Broglia, R. (ed.) Proceedings of the International School of Physics Enrico Fermi, course 121, Varenna, 1992. North-Holland, New York (1994)
204. Castro Neto, A.H., Fradkin, E.: Bosonization of the low energy excitations of Fermi liquids. Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 1393 (1994)
205. Castro Neto, A.H., Fradkin, E.H.: Exact solution of the Landau fixed point via bosonization. Phys. Rev. B 51, 4084 (1995)
206. Houghton, A., Marston, J.B.: Bosonization and fermion liquids in dimensions greater than one. Phys. Rev. B 48, 7790 (1993)
207. Houghton, A., Kwon, H.J.,Marston, J.B.: Multidimensional bosonization. Adv. Phys. 49, 141 (2000)
208. Ghaemi, P., Vishwanath, A., Senthil, T.: Finite temperature properties of quantum Lifshitz transitions between valence-bond solid phases: an example of local quantum criticality. Phys. Rev. B 72, 024420 (2005)
209. Chubukov, A.V., Pépin, C., Rech, J.: Instability of the quantum critical point of itinerant ferromagnets. Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 147003 (2004)
210. Chubukov, A.V.: Self-generated locality near a ferromagnetic quantum critical point. Phys. Rev. B 71, 245123 (2005)
211. Rech, J., Pépin, C., Chubukov, A.V.: Quantum critical behavior in itinerant electron systems-Eliashberg theory and instability of a ferromagnetic quantum critical point. Phys. Rev. B 74, 195126 (2006)
212. Holstein, T., Norton, R.E., Pincus, P.: de Haas-van Alphen effect and the specific heat of an electron gas. Phys. Rev. B 8, 2649 (1973)
213. Baym, G., Monien, H., Pethick, C.J., Ravenhall, D.G.: Transverse interactions and transport in relativistic quark-gluon and electromagnetic plasmas. Phys. Rev. Lett. 64, 1867 (1990)
214. Boyanovsky, D., de Vega, H.J.: Non-Fermi-liquid aspects of cold and dense QED and QCD: equilibrium and non-equilibrium. Phys. Rev. D 63, 034016 (2001)
215. Reizer,M.Y.: Relativistic effects in the electron density of states, specific heat, and the electron spectrum of normal metals. Phys. Rev. B 40, 11571 (1989)
216. Ioffe, L.B., Wiegmann, P.B.: Linear temperature dependence of resistivity as evidence of gauge interaction. Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 653 (1990)
217. Nagaosa, N., Lee, P.A.: Experimental consequences of the uniform resonating-valence-bond state. Phys. Rev. B 43, 1233 (1991)
218. Polchinski, J.: Low-energy dynamics of the spinon-gauge system. Nucl. Phys. B 422, 617 (1994)
219. Chakravarty, S., Norton, R.E., Syljuasen, O.F.: Transverse gauge interactions and the vanquished Frmi liquid. Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 1423 (1995)
220. Lee, S.S.: Low-energy effective theory of Fermi surface coupled with U(1) gauge field in 2+1 dimensions. Phys. Rev. B 80, 165102 (2009)
221. Jakubczyk, P.,Metzner,W.,Yamase,H.: Turning a first order quantum phase transition continuous by fluctuations. Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 220602 (2009)
222. Hirsch, J.E.: Spin-split states in metals. Phys. Rev. B 41, 6820 (1990)
223. Varma, C.M., Zhu, L.: Helicity order: hidden order parameter in URu2Si2. Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 036405 (2006)
224. Simon, M.E., Varma, C.M.: Detection and implications of a time-reversal breaking state in underdoped cuprates. Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 247003 (2002)
225. Haldane, F.D.M.:Berry Curvature on the Fermi surface: anomalous Hall effect as a topological Fermi-liquid property. Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 206602 (2004)
226. Nelson, D.R., Toner, J.: Bond-orientational order, dislocation loops, and melting of solids and smectic-A liquid crystals. Phys. Rev. B 24, 363 (1981)
227. Toner, J., Nelson, D.R.: Smectic, cholesteric, and Rayleigh-Benard order in two dimensions. Phys. Rev. B 23, 316 (1981)
228. Zaanen, J., Nussinov, Z., Mukhin, S.I.: Duality in 2+1Dquantum elasticity: superconductivity and quantum nematic order. Ann. Phys. 310, 181 (2004)
229. Cvetkovic, V., Nussinov, Z., Zaanen, J.: Topological kinematical constraints: quantum dislocations and glide principle. Phil. Mag. 86, 2995 (2006)
230. Sun, K., Fregoso B.M., Lawler M.J., Fradkin E.: Fluctuating stripes in strongly correlated electron systems and the nematic-smectic quantum phase transition. Phys. Rev. B 78, 085124 (2008).
231. Erratum: Phys. Rev. B 80, 039901(E) (2008).
232. Kirkpatrick, T.R., Belitz, D.: Soft modes in electronic stripe phases and their consequences for thermodynamics and transport Phys. Rev. B 80, 075121 (2009)
233. Millis, A.J.: Fluctuation-driven first order behavior near the T=0 two dimensional stripe to Fermi liquid transition. Phys. Rev. B 81, 035117 (2010)
234. Halperin, B.I., Lubensky, T.C., Ma, S.-K.: First-order phase transitions in superconductors and smectic-a liquid crystals. Phys. Rev. Lett. 32, 292 (1974)
235. Altshuler, B.L., Ioffe, L.B., Millis, A.J.: Critical behavior of the T=0, 2kF , density-wave phase transition in a two-dimensional Fermi liquid. Phys. Rev. B 52, 5563 (1995)