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Volumn 79, Issue 6, 2009, Pages

Theory of the striped superconductor

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EID: 61849162296     PISSN: 10980121     EISSN: 1550235X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.79.064515     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (174)

References (94)
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    • The term pair-density-wave has been used in the literature to describe two different states. In Ref. it was used to describe a state with coexisting superconducting and CDW orders. While there may be limits where this term conveys a useful intuitive picture of the microscopic nature of the state, it is not a truly distinct state since it has a nonvanishing uniform component of the SC order parameter and the period of the modulations of the SC order is the same as that of the CDW. The PDW state described here is the same as that of Ref., namely, a state in which the superconducting order parameter is modulated (such that its average vanishes exactly).
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    • Close in spirit to the present work is the staggered superconducting state found in a study of the one-dimensional (1D) Kondo lattice (Ref.), and in various studies of the superconducting state with odd-frequency pairing (Ref.). There have also been some interesting papers on a somewhat different but very attractive mechanism of PDW formation in systems with multiple Fermi surfaces and an appropriate nesting condition (Refs.). Recent work found evidence for coexistence of superconducting correlations and incommensurate charge order in the 1D Hubbard model with bond-charge interaction (Ref.).
    • Close in spirit to the present work is the staggered superconducting state found in a study of the one-dimensional (1D) Kondo lattice (Ref.), and in various studies of the superconducting state with odd-frequency pairing (Ref.). There have also been some interesting papers on a somewhat different but very attractive mechanism of PDW formation in systems with multiple Fermi surfaces and an appropriate nesting condition (Refs.). Recent work found evidence for coexistence of superconducting correlations and incommensurate charge order in the 1D Hubbard model with bond-charge interaction (Ref.).
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    • One can also imagine similar interplay between PDW order and more exotic states, such as DDW (Ref.), which follows similar lines as the interplay with SDW order.
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    • The one sort of counterexample to this general statement that we have encountered is the case in which FL and FR are sufficiently different from each other, and that in at least one of the superconducting regions Δ changes sign as a function of k. (See, e.g., the system described in Sec. 3.) Clearly, even if Δ changes sign, in cases in which the left and right superconductors are identical, J1 >0.
    • The one sort of counterexample to this general statement that we have encountered is the case in which FL and FR are sufficiently different from each other, and that in at least one of the superconducting regions Δ changes sign as a function of k. (See, e.g., the system described in Sec. 3.) Clearly, even if Δ changes sign, in cases in which the left and right superconductors are identical, J1 >0.
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    • When ρΔ∼1, the basis for the various expressions for Jn are violated, as it is then no longer well justified to treat the density of states as a constant. However, this should not change the qualitative conclusions.
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    • The possibility of half vortices in a striped superconductor and their effect on the phase diagram in the clean case was discussed by Agterberg and Tsunetsugu (Ref.).
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    • K. S. Raman, V. Oganesyan, and S. L. Sondhi, (unpublished) considered the statistical mechanics of a magnetically coupled layered superconductor. The problem they were interested in differs from the one discussed here in that the vortices can appear anywhere, provided the condition of charge neutrality is satisfied on each plane. Instead, in the problem discussed here, the half vortices are quenched at the impurity coordinates and only the sign of their vorticity is allowed to fluctuate. Although the interactions are similar, the case at hand is driven by the effects of disorder leading to a massively frustrated state.
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    • Related models have been considered in the context of granular d -wave superconductors. See 10.1016/0921-4526(94)90106-6
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    • Recent experiments suggest that an FFLO state, a close relative of the PDW, may be present in the CeCoIn5 heavy-fermion superconductor (Refs.) and also in κ- (BEDT-TTF) 2 Cu (NCS) 2 organic superconductors (Ref.). The phenomenology of the PDW discussed here, particularly the sensitivity to disorder, should then apply to these systems as well.
    • Recent experiments suggest that an FFLO state, a close relative of the PDW, may be present in the CeCoIn5 heavy-fermion superconductor (Refs.) and also in κ- (BEDT-TTF) 2 Cu (NCS) 2 organic superconductors (Ref.). The phenomenology of the PDW discussed here, particularly the sensitivity to disorder, should then apply to these systems as well.


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