Urban particulate matter activates Akt in human lung cells

Archives of Toxicology

Volumn 86, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 121-135

  Watterson, Todd L ^a   Hamilton, Brett ^a   Martin, Randy S ^b   Coulombe Jr , Roger A ^a  

^a UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Utah State University   (United States)

Author keywords

Akt; Cytokine; Leupeptin; LPS; Particulate air pollution; PM 2.5; PTEN

Indexed keywords

CALPAIN; I KAPPA B; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; INTERLEUKIN 1ALPHA; INTERLEUKIN 6; INTERLEUKIN 8; LEUPEPTIN; PROTEIN KINASE B; PROTEINASE; SERINE; THREONINE;

ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOKINE RELEASE; ENZYME ACTIVATION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; LUNG ALVEOLUS CELL; PARTICULATE MATTER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; UNITED STATES; UPREGULATION; URBAN AREA;

CELL LINE; EPITHELIAL CELLS; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; INTERLEUKIN-1ALPHA; INTERLEUKIN-6; INTERLEUKIN-8; LUNG; NF-KAPPA B; PARTICLE SIZE; PARTICULATE MATTER; PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-AKT; TIME FACTORS; UP-REGULATION; URBAN HEALTH; UTAH;

EID: 84856949483     PISSN: 03405761     EISSN: 14320738     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00204-011-0739-5     Document Type: Article

References (122)

1. E Abraham 2003 Neutrophils and acute lung injury Crit Care Med 31 4 Suppl S195 199 12682440 10.1097/01.CCM.0000057843.47705.E8
2. E Abraham 2005 Akt/protein kinase B Crit Care Med 33 12 Suppl S420 422 16340410 10.1097/01.CCM.0000191715.31970.D8 (Pubitemid 41785977)
3. DR Alessi M Andjelkovic B Caudwell P Cron N Morrice P Cohen BA Hemmings 1996 Mechanism of activation of protein kinase B by insulin and IGF-1 EMBO J 15 23 6541 6551 8978681 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXht1Oqs7o%3D (Pubitemid 26413787)
4. R Amaravadi CB Thompson 2005 The survival kinases Akt and Pim as potential pharmacological targets J Clin Invest 115 10 2618 2624 16200194 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVygt7vL 10.1172/JCI26273 (Pubitemid 41434384)
5. J Arcaroli E Silva JP Maloney Q He D Svetkauskaite JR Murphy E Abraham 2006 Variant IRAK-1 haplotype is associated with increased nuclear factor-{kappa}B activation and worse outcomes in sepsis Am J Respir Crit Care Med 173 12 1335 1341 10.1164/rccm.200603-341OC 16528020 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD28XmslSktbs%3D 10.1164/rccm.200603-341OC (Pubitemid 43900707)
6. DL Barnard CW Day K Bailey M Heiner R Montgomery L Lauridsen S Winslow J Hoopes JK Li J Lee DA Carson HB Cottam RW Sidwell 2006 Enhancement of the infectivity of SARS-CoV in BALB/c mice by IMP dehydrogenase inhibitors, including ribavirin Antiviral Res 71 1 53 63 16621037 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD28XlvFGgsb0%3D 10.1016/j.antiviral.2006.03.001
7. S Becker J Soukup 2003 Coarse(PM(2.5-10)), fine(PM(2.5)), and ultrafine air pollution particles induce/increase immune costimulatory receptors on human blood-derived monocytes but not on alveolar macrophages J Toxicol Environ Health A 66 9 847 859 12746131 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXivFOgt7Y%3D 10.1080/15287390306381 (Pubitemid 36606090)
8. S Becker MJ Fenton JM Soukup 2002 Involvement of microbial components and toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in cytokine responses to air pollution particles Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 27 5 611 618 12397021 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xos1yhsrk%3D (Pubitemid 35307123)
9. S Becker L Dailey JM Soukup R Silbajoris RB Devlin 2005 TLR-2 is involved in airway epithelial cell response to air pollution particles Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 203 1 45 52 15694463 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVOltbY%3D 10.1016/j.taap.2004.07.007 (Pubitemid 40208365)
10. S Becker LA Dailey JM Soukup SC Grambow RB Devlin YC Huang 2005 Seasonal variations in air pollution particle-induced inflammatory mediator release and oxidative stress Environ Health Perspect 113 8 1032 1038 16079075 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXpslSkurk%3D 10.1289/ehp.7996 (Pubitemid 41149634)
11. S Becker S Mundandhara RB Devlin M Madden 2005 Regulation of cytokine production in human alveolar macrophages and airway epithelial cells in response to ambient air pollution particles: further mechanistic studies Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 207 2 Suppl 269 275 15993911 10.1016/j.taap.2005.01.023 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXpvFaqs70%3D (Pubitemid 41265525)
12. J Brognard AS Clark Y Ni PA Dennis 2001 Akt/protein kinase B is constitutively active in non-small cell lung cancer cells and promotes cellular survival and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation Cancer Res 61 10 3986 3997 11358816 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXktVWqsbw%3D (Pubitemid 32720961)
13. A Brunet A Bonni MJ Zigmond MZ Lin P Juo LS Hu MJ Anderson KC Arden J Blenis ME Greenberg 1999 Akt promotes cell survival by phosphorylating and inhibiting a Forkhead transcription factor Cell 96 6 857 868 10102273 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXitFGgsr0%3D 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80595-4 (Pubitemid 29165088)
14. LC Cantley BG Neel 1999 New insights into tumor suppression: PTEN suppresses tumor formation by restraining the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT pathway Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96 8 4240 4245 10200246 1:CAS:528: DyaK1MXjs1ymtbg%3D 10.1073/pnas.96.8.4240 (Pubitemid 29190320)
15. S Carloni E Mazzoni W Balduini 2004 Caspase-3 and calpain activities after acute and repeated ethanol administration during the rat brain growth spurt J Neurochem 89 1 197 203 15030404 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXjtValtrc%3D 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02341.x (Pubitemid 38420689)
16. A Casamayor NA Morrice DR Alessi 1999 Phosphorylation of Ser-241 is essential for the activity of 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1: identification of five sites of phosphorylation in vivo Biochem J 342 Pt 2 287 292 10455013 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXmtFChtb0%3D 10.1042/0264-6021:3420287 (Pubitemid 29425348)
17. M Chatterjee S Jain T Stuhmer M Andrulis U Ungethum RJ Kuban H Lorentz K Bommert M Topp D Kramer HK Muller-Hermelink H Einsele A Greiner RC Bargou 2006 STAT3 and MAPK signaling maintains overexpression of the heat shock proteins 90 {alpha} and {beta} in multiple myeloma cells, which critically contribute to tumor cell survival Blood 109 2 720 728 17003370 10.1182/blood-2006-05-024372 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXivVyrs7c%3D (Pubitemid 46105974)
18. ZJ Chen 2005 Ubiquitin signalling in the NF-kappa B pathway Nat Cell Biol 7 8 758 765 16056267 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXmvVCltb8%3D 10.1038/ncb0805-758 (Pubitemid 41079044)
19. RH Chen MC Chang YH Su YT Tsai ML Kuo 1999 Interleukin-6 inhibits transforming growth factor-beta-induced apoptosis through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt and signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 pathways J Biol Chem 274 33 23013 23019 10438468 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXltlKnsbg%3D 10.1074/jbc.274.33.23013 (Pubitemid 29388045)
20. Q Chen DW Powell MJ Rane S Singh W Butt JB Klein KR McLeish 2003 Akt phosphorylates p47phox and mediates respiratory burst activity in human neutrophils J Immunol 170 10 5302 5308 12734380 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXjsVGqt78%3D (Pubitemid 36554765)
21. H Chi E Messas RA Levine DT Graves S Amar 2004 Interleukin-1 receptor signaling mediates atherosclerosis associated with bacterial exposure and/or a high-fat diet in a murine apolipoprotein E heterozygote model: pharmacotherapeutic implications Circulation 110 12 1678 1685 15353494 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXnsVKquro%3D 10.1161/01.CIR.0000142085.39015.31 (Pubitemid 39297993)
22. JH Choi JS Kim YC Kim YS Kim NH Chung MH Cho 2004 Comparative study of PM2.5-and PM10-induced oxidative stress in rat lung epithelial cells J Vet Sci 5 1 11 18 15028881
23. A Churg C Xie X Wang R Vincent RD Wang 2005 Air pollution particles activate NF-kappa B on contact with airway epithelial cell surfaces Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 208 1 37 45 16164960 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVWhtb%2FO 10.1016/j.taap.2005.01.013 (Pubitemid 41297541)
24. Z Dagher G Garcon S Billet A Verdin F Ledoux D Courcot A Aboukais P Shirali 2007 Role of nuclear factor-kappa B activation in the adverse effects induced by air pollution particulate matter (PM2.5) in human epithelial lung cells (L132) in culture J Appl Toxicol 27 3 284 290 17265450 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXkvFert78%3D 10.1002/jat.1211 (Pubitemid 46663423)
25. DS Daly AM White SM Varnum KK Anderson RC Zangar 2005 Evaluating concentration estimation errors in ELISA microarray experiments BMC Bioinform 6 17 10.1186/1471-2105-6-17 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXisVKmuro%3D (Pubitemid 40195438)
26. RJ Delfino C Sioutas S Malik 2005 Potential role of ultrafine particles in associations between airborne particle mass and cardiovascular health Environ Health Perspect 113 8 934 946 16079061 10.1289/ehp.7938 (Pubitemid 41149620)
27. K Donaldson V Stone A Seaton W MacNee 2001 Ambient particle inhalation and the cardiovascular system: potential mechanisms Environ Health Perspect 109 Suppl 4 523 527 11544157 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXmvVagt7c%3D (Pubitemid 32834564)
28. ES Edgerton BE Hartsell RD Saylor JJ Jansen DA Hansen GM Hidy 2006 The Southeastern Aerosol Research and Characterization Study, part 3: continuous measurements of fine particulate matter mass and composition J Air Waste Manag Assoc 56 9 1325 1341 17004687 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xht1aktbvE (Pubitemid 46063447)
29. DM Elaraj DM Weinreich S Varghese M Puhlmann SM Hewitt NM Carroll ED Feldman EM Turner HR Alexander 2006 The role of interleukin 1 in growth and metastasis of human cancer xenografts Clin Cancer Res 12 4 1088 1096 16489061 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhsFalt74%3D 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-1603 (Pubitemid 43342496)
30. MW Frampton AJ Ghio JM Samet JL Carson JD Carter RB Devlin 1999 Effects of aqueous extracts of PM(10) filters from the Utah valley on human airway epithelial cells Am J Physiol 277 5 Pt 1 L960 967 10564181 1:CAS:528: DyaK1MXns1OksLg%3D
31. T Gao F Furnari AC Newton 2005 PHLPP: a phosphatase that directly dephosphorylates Akt, promotes apoptosis, and suppresses tumor growth Mol Cell 18 1 13 24 15808505 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXjt1Oit7w%3D 10.1016/j.molcel.2005.03.008 (Pubitemid 40444644)
32. K Gao DL Dai M Martinka G Li 2006 Prognostic significance of nuclear factor-kappa B p105/p50 in human melanoma and its role in cell migration Cancer Res 66 17 8382 8388 16951147 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XovF2isr8%3D 10.1158/0008-5472. CAN-05-4402 (Pubitemid 44449148)
33. Glantz SA (2005) Primer of biostatistics, 6th edn. McGraw-Hill Medical Pub, New York
34. BB Gowen JD Hoopes MH Wong KH Jung KC Isakson L Alexopoulou RA Flavell RW Sidwell 2006 TLR3 deletion limits mortality and disease severity due to Phlebovirus infection J Immunol 177 9 6301 6307 17056560 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD28XhtFSns7vF (Pubitemid 44628848)
35. SD Griego CB Weston JL Adams R Tal-Singer SB Dillon 2000 Role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in rhinovirus-induced cytokine production by bronchial epithelial cells J Immunol 165 9 5211 5220 11046054 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXnvVOnt74%3D
36. ER Gross AK Hsu GJ Gross 2006 The JAK/STAT pathway is essential for opioid-induced cardioprotection: JAK2 as a mediator of STAT3, Akt, and GSK-3 beta Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 291 2 H827 834 16517948 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XoslWrurw%3D 10.1152/ajpheart.00003.2006 (Pubitemid 44175091)
37. T Ha F Hua X Liu J Ma JR McMullen T Shioi S Izumo J Kelley X Gao W Browder DL Williams RL Kao C Li 2008 Lipopolysaccharide-induced myocardial protection against ischaemia/reperfusion injury is mediated through a PI3 K/Akt-dependent mechanism Cardiovasc Res 78 3 546 553 18267957 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXmsVKrt7g%3D 10.1093/cvr/cvn037 (Pubitemid 351769766)
38. E Hajduch GJ Litherland HS Hundal 2001 Protein kinase B (PKB/Akt)-a key regulator of glucose transport? FEBS Lett 492 3 199 203 11257494 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXhvVantL4%3D 10.1016/S0014-5793(01)02242-6 (Pubitemid 32217828)
39. MS Hayden S Ghosh 2004 Signaling to NF-kappa B Genes Dev 18 18 2195 2224 15371334 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXnslCntbY%3D 10.1101/gad.1228704 (Pubitemid 39209568)
40. K Hazeki K Nigorikawa O Hazeki 2007 Role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase in innate immunity Biol Pharm Bull 30 9 1617 1623 17827709 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2sXhtFelsrfO 10.1248/bpb.30.1617 (Pubitemid 47403233)
41. Y Higashimoto M Ohata Y Yamagata T Iwata M Masuda T Ishiguchi M Okada H Satoh H Itoh 2005 Effect of the adenovirus E1A gene on nitric oxide production in alveolar epithelial cells Clin Microbiol Infect 11 8 644 650 16008617 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXpsVartLw%3D 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2005.01188.x (Pubitemid 41051381)
42. P Hu Z Han AD Couvillon JH Exton 2004 Critical role of endogenous Akt/IAPs and MEK1/ERK pathways in counteracting endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced cell death J Biol Chem 279 47 49420 49429 15339911 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXpslKitrY%3D 10.1074/jbc.M407700200 (Pubitemid 39625828)
43. PI Jalava RO Salonen AS Pennanen M Sillanpaa AI Halinen MS Happo R Hillamo B Brunekreef K Katsouyanni J Sunyer MR Hirvonen 2007 Heterogeneities in inflammatory and cytotoxic responses of RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line to urban air coarse, fine, and ultrafine particles from six European sampling campaigns Inhal Toxicol 19 3 213 225 17365026 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXjsVSjsbk%3D 10.1080/08958370601067863
44. LA Jimenez J Thompson DA Brown I Rahman F Antonicelli R Duffin EM Drost RT Hay K Donaldson W MacNee 2000 Activation of NF-kappa B by PM(10) occurs via an iron-mediated mechanism in the absence of Ikappa B degradation Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 166 2 101 110 10896851 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXkvVWqsLY%3D 10.1006/taap.2000.8957 (Pubitemid 30497433)
45. M Kaimul Ahsan H Nakamura M Tanito K Yamada H Utsumi J Yodoi 2005 Thioredoxin-1 suppresses lung injury and apoptosis induced by diesel exhaust particles (DEP) by scavenging reactive oxygen species and by inhibiting DEP-induced downregulation of Akt Free Radic Biol Med 39 12 1549 1559 16298680 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht1egtLnK 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2005.07.016 (Pubitemid 41642586)
46. TL Knuckles KL Dreher 2007 Fine oil combustion particle bioavailable constituents induce molecular profiles of oxidative stress, altered function, and cellular injury in cardiomyocytes J Toxicol Environ Health A 70 21 1824 1837 17934955 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtFKmu7rL 10.1080/15287390701459213 (Pubitemid 47575100)
47. C Kollewe AC Mackensen D Neumann J Knop P Cao S Li H Wesche MU Martin 2004 Sequential autophosphorylation steps in the interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-1 regulate its availability as an adapter in interleukin-1 signaling J Biol Chem 279 7 5227 5236 14625308 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtFeqsbc%3D 10.1074/jbc.M309251200 (Pubitemid 38220541)
48. KC Kong CK Billington U Gandhi RA Panettieri Jr RB Penn 2006 Cooperative mitogenic signaling by G protein-coupled receptors and growth factors is dependent on G(q/11) Faseb J 20 9 1558 1560 16723377 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD28XmvV2hu78%3D 10.1096/fj.05-5622fje (Pubitemid 44943829)
49. Koziczak-Holbro M, Joyce C, Gluck A, Kinzel B, Muller M, Tschopp C, Mathison JC, Davis CN, Gram H (2007) IRAK-4 kinase activity is required for IL-1 receptor- and toll-like receptor 7-mediated signaling and gene expression. J Biol Chem
50. AM Lewis S Varghese H Xu HR Alexander 2006 Interleukin-1 and cancer progression: the emerging role of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist as a novel therapeutic agent in cancer treatment J Transl Med 4 48 17096856 10.1186/1479-5876-4-48 (Pubitemid 44848821)
51. C Li T Ha J Kelley X Gao Y Qiu RL Kao W Browder DL Williams 2004 Modulating toll-like receptor mediated signaling by (1- > 3)-beta-D-glucan rapidly induces cardioprotection Cardiovasc Res 61 3 538 547 14962484 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtFWmsLc%3D 10.1016/j.cardiores.2003.09.007 (Pubitemid 38210159)
52. KH Limesand KL Schwertfeger SM Anderson 2006 MDM2 is required for suppression of apoptosis by activated Akt1 in salivary acinar cells Mol Cell Biol 26 23 8840 8856 16982679 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xht1yqsLnJ 10.1128/MCB.01846-05 (Pubitemid 44851943)
53. J Lindbom M Gustafsson G Blomqvist A Dahl A Gudmundsson E Swietlicki AG Ljungman 2006 Exposure to wear particles generated from studded tires and pavement induces inflammatory cytokine release from human macrophages Chem Res Toxicol 19 4 521 530 16608163 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XisFemt74%3D 10.1021/tx0503101
54. M Lippmann M Frampton J Schwartz D Dockery R Schlesinger P Koutrakis J Froines A Nel J Finkelstein J Godleski J Kaufman J Koenig T Larson D Luchtel LJ Liu G Oberdorster A Peters J Sarnat C Sioutas H Suh J Sullivan M Utell E Wichmann J Zelikoff 2003 The US Environmental Protection Agency Particulate Matter Health Effects Research Centers Program: a midcourse report of status, progress, and plans Environ Health Perspect 111 8 1074 1092 12826479 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXlvF2ksrs%3D 10.1289/ehp.5750 (Pubitemid 36826887)
55. F Luppi AM Longo WI de Boer KF Rabe PS Hiemstra 2007 Interleukin-8 stimulates cell proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer through epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation Lung Cancer 56 1 25 33 17175059 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2s3itVyntQ%3D%3D 10.1016/j.lungcan.2006.11.014 (Pubitemid 46356635)
56. FW Lurmann SG Brown MC McCarthy PT Roberts 2006 Processes influencing secondary aerosol formation in the San Joaquin Valley during winter J Air Waste Manag Assoc 56 12 1679 1693 17195487 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXisF2rtw%3D%3D (Pubitemid 46067850)
57. C Ma J Wang J Luo 2004 Activation of nuclear factor kappa B by diesel exhaust particles in mouse epidermal cells through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway Biochem Pharmacol 67 10 1975 1983 15130773 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXjvVCju7g%3D 10.1016/j.bcp.2004.01.023 (Pubitemid 38591385)
58. E Malek T Davis RS Martin PJ Silva 2006 Meteorological and environmental aspects of one of the worst national air pollution episodes (January, 2004) in Logan, Cache Valley, Utah, USA Atmospheric Research 79 2 108 122 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xktl2msw%3D%3D 10.1016/j.atmosres.2005.05.003 (Pubitemid 43079163)
59. G Mallikarjuna S Dhanalakshmi RP Singh C Agarwal R Agarwal 2004 Silibinin protects against photocarcinogenesis via modulation of cell cycle regulators, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and Akt signaling Cancer Res 64 17 6349 6356 15342425 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXntFClt7c%3D 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-1632 (Pubitemid 39129441)
60. NF Mangelson L Lewis JM Joseph WX Cui J Machir NW Williams DJ Eatough LB Rees T Wilkerson DT Jensen 1997 The contribution of sulfate and nitrate to atmospheric fine particles during winter inversion fogs in Cache Valley, Utah Journal Of The Air & Waste Management Association 47 2 167 175 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXhvVagtb8%3D (Pubitemid 127439543)
61. G Matute-Bello WC Liles F Radella 2nd KP Steinberg JT Ruzinski M Jonas EY Chi LD Hudson TR Martin 1997 Neutrophil apoptosis in the acute respiratory distress syndrome Am J Respir Crit Care Med 156 6 1969 1977 9412582 1:STN:280:DyaK1c%2FnsVSmug%3D%3D (Pubitemid 28011809)
62. DW Meek U Knippschild 2003 Posttranslational modification of MDM2 Mol Cancer Res 1 14 1017 1026 14707285 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXns1Gr (Pubitemid 38044977)
63. UK Misra R Deedwania SV Pizzo 2006 Activation and cross-talk between Akt, NF-kappa B, and unfolded protein response signaling in 1-LN prostate cancer cells consequent to ligation of cell surface-associated GRP78 J Biol Chem 281 19 13694 13707 16543232 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xkt1ymtbs%3D 10.1074/jbc.M511694200 (Pubitemid 43855285)
64. J Momiyama T Hashimoto A Matsubara K Futai A Namba H Shinkawa 2006 Leupeptin, a calpain inhibitor, protects inner ear hair cells from aminoglycoside ototoxicity Tohoku J Exp Med 209 2 89 97 16707850 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XlvVWjs70%3D 10.1620/tjem.209.89
65. C Monn S Becker 1999 Cytotoxicity and induction of proinflammatory cytokines from human monocytes exposed to fine (PM2.5) and coarse particles (PM10-2.5) in outdoor and indoor air Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 155 3 245 252 10079210 1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXhvVahs7w%3D 10.1006/taap.1998.8591 (Pubitemid 29153372)
66. VA Morrow F Foufelle JM Connell JR Petrie GW Gould IP Salt 2003 Direct activation of AMP-activated protein kinase stimulates nitric-oxide synthesis in human aortic endothelial cells J Biol Chem 278 34 31629 31639 12791703 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXmsVOnt7o%3D 10.1074/jbc.M212831200 (Pubitemid 37048341)
67. BT Mossman PJ Borm V Castranova DL Costa K Donaldson SR Kleeberger 2007 Mechanisms of action of inhaled fibers, particles and nanoparticles in lung and cardiovascular diseases Part Fibre Toxicol 4 4 17537262 10.1186/1743-8977-4-4 (Pubitemid 47018680)
68. CJ Mullonkal LH Toledo-Pereyra 2007 Akt in ischemia and reperfusion J Invest Surg 20 3 195 203 17613695 10.1080/08941930701366471 (Pubitemid 47050383)
69. N Nadiminty W Lou SO Lee X Lin DL Trump AC Gao 2006 Stat3 activation of NF-{kappa} B p100 processing involves CBP/p300-mediated acetylation Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103 19 7264 7269 16651533 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XkslOkurY%3D 10.1073/pnas.0509808103 (Pubitemid 43727821)
70. National Center for Environmental Assessment (Research Triangle Park N.C.) (1996) Air quality criteria for particulate matter. National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development. US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park
71. National Center for Environmental Assessment (Research Triangle Park N.C.) (2003) Air quality criteria for particulate matter. National Center for Environmental Assessment-RTP Office, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency. http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS34686, http://purl.access.gpo.gov/GPO/LPS34687
72. M Ndiaye M Chataigneau I Lobysheva T Chataigneau VB Schini-Kerth 2005 Red wine polyphenol-induced, endothelium-dependent NO-mediated relaxation is due to the redox-sensitive PI3-kinase/Akt-dependent phosphorylation of endothelial NO-synthase in the isolated porcine coronary artery Faseb J 19 3 455 457 15623569 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXit1KksLc%3D (Pubitemid 40316548)
73. Newcomb DC, Sajjan US, Nagarkar DR, Wang Q, Nanua S, Zhou Y, McHenry CL, Hennrick KT, Tsai WC, Bentley JK, Lukacs NW, Johnston SL, Hershenson MB (2008) Human rhinovirus 1B exposure induces PI 3-kinase-dependent airway inflammation in mice. Am J Respir Crit Care Med
74. NHEERL (2010) Particulate Matter (PM) Health Effects. http://www.epa.gov/NHEERL/research/pm/ . Accessed December 4, 2010 2011
75. K Oda H Kitano 2006 A comprehensive map of the toll-like receptor signaling network Mol Syst Biol 2 15 10.1038/msb4100057 (Pubitemid 43948158)
76. Ono Y, Sorimachi H, Suzuki K (1999) The Calpain superfamily. In: Wang KW, Yuen P (eds) CALPAIN: pharmacology and toxicology of calcium-dependent protease. Taylor and Francis, Philadelphia, pp 1-24
77. AR Osornio-Vargas JC Bonner E Alfaro-Moreno L Martinez C Garcia-Cuellar S Ponce-de-Leon Rosales J Miranda I Rosas 2003 Proinflammatory and cytotoxic effects of Mexico City air pollution particulate matter in vitro are dependent on particle size and composition Environ Health Perspect 111 10 1289 1293 12896848 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXnt12rtL8%3D 10.1289/ehp.5913 (Pubitemid 37021130)
78. Pearson JF, Bachireddy C, Shyamprasad S, Goldfine AB, Brownstein JS (2010) Association between fine particulate matter and diabetes prevalence in the US Diabetes Care 33(10):2196-2201
79. S Persad S Attwell V Gray N Mawji JT Deng D Leung J Yan J Sanghera MP Walsh S Dedhar 2001 Regulation of protein kinase B/Akt-serine 473 phosphorylation by integrin-linked kinase: critical roles for kinase activity and amino acids arginine 211 and serine 343 J Biol Chem 276 29 27462 27469 11313365 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXlsV2is7Y%3D 10.1074/jbc.M102940200
80. A Peters B Veronesi L Calderon-Garciduenas P Gehr LC Chen M Geiser W Reed B Rothen-Rutishauser S Schurch H Schulz 2006 Translocation and potential neurological effects of fine and ultrafine particles a critical update Part Fibre Toxicol 3 13 16961926 10.1186/1743-8977-3-13 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtVGlt7rL (Pubitemid 44468855)
81. RT Peterson SL Schreiber 1998 Translation control: connecting mitogens and the ribosome Curr Biol 8 7 R248 250 9545190 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXitFyisrs%3D 10.1016/S0960-9822(98)70152-6
82. S Pianetti M Arsura R Romieu-Mourez RJ Coffey GE Sonenshein 2001 Her-2/neu overexpression induces NF-kappa B via a PI3-kinase/Akt pathway involving calpain-mediated degradation of I kappa B-alpha that can be inhibited by the tumor suppressor PTEN Oncogene 20 11 1287 1299 11313873 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXisFWhu7k%3D 10.1038/sj.onc.1204257 (Pubitemid 32269934)
83. CA Pope 3rd RT Burnett MJ Thun EE Calle D Krewski K Ito GD Thurston 2002 Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality, and long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution Jama 287 9 1132 1141 11879110 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD38XhslGgtbo%3D 10.1001/jama.287.9.1132 (Pubitemid 34252082)
84. CA Pope 3rd RT Burnett GD Thurston MJ Thun EE Calle D Krewski JJ Godleski 2004 Cardiovascular mortality and long-term exposure to particulate air pollution: epidemiological evidence of general pathophysiological pathways of disease Circulation 109 1 71 77 14676145 10.1161/01.CIR.0000108927.80044.7F (Pubitemid 38056024)
85. CA Pope 3rd ML Hansen RW Long KR Nielsen NL Eatough WE Wilson DJ Eatough 2004 Ambient particulate air pollution, heart rate variability, and blood markers of inflammation in a panel of elderly subjects Environ Health Perspect 112 3 339 345 14998750 10.1289/ehp.6588 (Pubitemid 38351397)
86. R Pozzi B De Berardis L Paoletti C Guastadisegni 2003 Inflammatory mediators induced by coarse (PM2.5-10) and fine (PM2.5) urban air particles in RAW 264.7 cells Toxicology 183 1-3 243 254 12504355 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD38XpslSjtrk%3D 10.1016/S0300-483X(02)00545-0 (Pubitemid 36005400)
87. SB Pruett AY Loftis 1990 Characteristics of MTT as an indicator of viability and respiratory burst activity of human neutrophils Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol 92 2 189 192 2242930 1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXmtVSmsA%3D%3D 10.1159/000235212
88. MJ Rane Y Pan S Singh DW Powell R Wu T Cummins Q Chen KR McLeish JB Klein 2003 Heat shock protein 27 controls apoptosis by regulating Akt activation J Biol Chem 278 30 27828 27835 12740362 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXlsFKktbY%3D 10.1074/jbc.M303417200 (Pubitemid 36899975)
89. DD Sarbassov DA Guertin SM Ali DM Sabatini 2005 Phosphorylation and regulation of Akt/PKB by the rictor-mTOR complex Science 307 5712 1098 1101 15718470 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtlSrtbY%3D 10.1126/science.1106148 (Pubitemid 40262113)
90. M Saura C Zaragoza C Bao B Herranz M Rodriguez-Puyol CJ Lowenstein 2006 Stat3 mediates interleukin-6 inhibition of human endothelial nitric-oxide synthase expression J Biol Chem 281 40 30057 30062 16887796 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD28XhtVahsbrI 10.1074/jbc.M606279200 (Pubitemid 44537013)
91. RP Schins JH Lightbody PJ Borm T Shi K Donaldson V Stone 2004 Inflammatory effects of coarse and fine particulate matter in relation to chemical and biological constituents Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 195 1 1 11 14962500 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXhtVOksL0%3D 10.1016/j.taap.2003.10.002 (Pubitemid 38177494)
92. J Schwartz DW Dockery LM Neas 1996 Is daily mortality associated specifically with fine particles? J Air Waste Manag Assoc 46 10 927 939 8875828 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XmvF2hurY%3D (Pubitemid 26349546)
93. U Senftleben Y Cao G Xiao FR Greten G Krahn G Bonizzi Y Chen Y Hu A Fong SC Sun M Karin 2001 Activation by IKKalpha of a second, evolutionary conserved, NF-kappa B signaling pathway Science 293 5534 1495 1499 11520989 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXmsVeqs7s%3D 10.1126/science.1062677 (Pubitemid 32801552)
94. JM Soukup S Becker 2001 Human alveolar macrophage responses to air pollution particulates are associated with insoluble components of coarse material, including particulate endotoxin Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 171 1 20 26 11181108 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXht1ahsrc%3D 10.1006/taap.2000.9096 (Pubitemid 32182291)
95. JM Soukup AJ Ghio S Becker 2000 Soluble components of Utah Valley particulate pollution alter alveolar macrophage function in vivo and in vitro Inhal Toxicol 12 5 401 414 10880136 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXjslequr8%3D 10.1080/089583700196112
96. D Strassheim K Asehnoune JS Park JY Kim Q He D Richter K Kuhn S Mitra E Abraham 2004 Phosphoinositide 3-kinase and Akt occupy central roles in inflammatory responses of toll-like receptor 2-stimulated neutrophils J Immunol 172 9 5727 5733 15100319 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXjt1Ckuro%3D (Pubitemid 38542078)
97. WK Sumanasekera MM Ivanova BJ Johnston SM Dougherty GU Sumanasekera SR Myers Y Ali R Kizu CM Klinge 2007 Rapid effects of diesel exhaust particulate extracts on intracellular signaling in human endothelial cells Toxicol Lett 174 1-3 61 73 17920790 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXht1anurbK 10.1016/j.toxlet.2007.08.014 (Pubitemid 47599862)
98. Q Sun P Yue JA Deiuliis CN Lumeng T Kampfrath MB Mikolaj Y Cai MC Ostrowski B Lu S Parthasarathy RD Brook SD Moffatt-Bruce LC Chen S Rajagopalan 2009 Ambient air pollution exaggerates adipose inflammation and insulin resistance in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity Circulation 119 4 538 546 19153269 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXpt1ektg%3D%3D 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.799015
99. M Takahashi K Tanonaka H Yoshida M Koshimizu T Daicho R Oikawa S Takeo 2006 Possible involvement of calpain activation in pathogenesis of chronic heart failure after acute myocardial infarction J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 47 3 413 421 16633084 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xjs1KrsLs%3D (Pubitemid 44309695)
100. Y Tan C Wu T De Veyra PA Greer 2006 Ubiquitous calpains promote both apoptosis and survival signals in response to different cell death stimuli J Biol Chem 281 26 17689 17698 16632474 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XmtFyksLY%3D 10.1074/jbc.M601978200 (Pubitemid 44035567)
101. F Tao B Gonzalez-Flecha L Kobzik 2003 Reactive oxygen species in pulmonary inflammation by ambient particulates Free Radic Biol Med 35 4 327 340 12899936 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXlvFygu78%3D 10.1016/S0891-5849(03)00280-6 (Pubitemid 37289164)
102. R Ten Broeke R De Crom R Van Haperen V Verweij T Leusink-Muis I Van Ark F De Clerck FP Nijkamp G Folkerts 2006 Overexpression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase suppresses features of allergic asthma in mice Respir Res 7 58 16597326 10.1186/1465-9921-7-58 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XktVGisb4%3D
103. USA-Today (2005) Northern Utah residents choke on bad air. USA Today, March 8, 2005
104. RM Vabulas P Ahmad-Nejad S Ghose CJ Kirschning RD Issels H Wagner 2002 HSP70 as endogenous stimulus of the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor signal pathway J Biol Chem 277 17 15107 15112 11842086 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XjslSgtLs%3D 10.1074/jbc.M111204200 (Pubitemid 34952589)
105. TR Van Vleet TL Watterson PJ Klein RA Coulombe Jr 2006 Aflatoxin B1 alters the expression of p53 in cytochrome P450-expressing human lung cells Toxicol Sci 89 2 399 407 16280384 10.1093/toxsci/kfj039 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD28XksVyktQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 43125997)
106. B Vanhaesebroeck DR Alessi 2000 The PI3 K-PDK1 connection: more than just a road to PKB Biochem J 346 Pt 3 561 576 10698680 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD3cXit1Kku78%3D 10.1042/0264-6021:3460561 (Pubitemid 30171014)
107. F Vazquez S Ramaswamy N Nakamura WR Sellers 2000 Phosphorylation of the PTEN tail regulates protein stability and function Mol Cell Biol 20 14 5010 5018 10866658 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXks1Ojsr8%3D 10.1128/MCB.20.14.5010-5018.2000 (Pubitemid 30431555)
108. M Velasco MJ Diaz-Guerra P Martin-Sanz A Alvarez L Bosca 1997 Rapid Up-regulation of I kappa B beta and abrogation of NF-kappa B activity in peritoneal macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide J Biol Chem 272 37 23025 23030 9287299 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXmt1WjtLc%3D 10.1074/jbc.272.37.23025 (Pubitemid 27392426)
109. K Venkatachalam S Mummidi DM Cortez SD Prabhu AJ Valente B Chandrasekar 2008 Resveratrol inhibits high glucose-induced PI3 K/AKT/ERK-dependent interleukin-17 expression in primary mouse cardiac fibroblasts Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 294 5 H2078 2087 18310510 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXmtVWgurw%3D 10.1152/ajpheart.01363.2007
110. JM Veranth CA Reilly MM Veranth TA Moss CR Langelier DL Lanza GS Yost 2004 Inflammatory cytokines and cell death in BEAS-2B lung cells treated with soil dust, lipopolysaccharide, and surface-modified particles Toxicol Sci 82 1 88 96 15310859 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXnslGq 10.1093/toxsci/kfh248 (Pubitemid 39485323)
111. TL Watterson J Sorensen R Martin RA, Coulombe Jr 2007 Effects of PM2.5 collected from Cache Valley Utah on genes associated with the inflammatory response in human lung cells J Toxicol Environ Health A 70 20 1731 1744 17885930 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtVGku7zJ 10.1080/15287390701457746 (Pubitemid 47450883)
112. TL Watterson B Hamilton R Martin RA Coulombe Jr 2009 Urban particulate matter causes ER stress and the unfolded protein response in human lung cells Toxicol Sci 112 1 111 122 19675143 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtlGitLzF 10.1093/toxsci/kfp186
113. Watterson TL, Hamilton B, Martin R, Coulombe RA Jr (2009) Urban particulate matter causes ER stress and the unfolded protein response in human lung cells. Toxicol Sci. Submitted for publication
114. KA West J Brognard AS Clark IR Linnoila X Yang SM Swain C Harris S Belinsky PA Dennis 2003 Rapid Akt activation by nicotine and a tobacco carcinogen modulates the phenotype of normal human airway epithelial cells J Clin Invest 111 1 81 90 12511591 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXhvVamsg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 36134851)
115. MR Williams JS Arthur A Balendran J van der Kaay V Poli P Cohen DR Alessi 2000 The role of 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 in activating AGC kinases defined in embryonic stem cells Curr Biol 10 8 439 448 10801415 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXislylt7Y%3D 10.1016/S0960-9822(00)00441-3 (Pubitemid 30247331)
116. CK Wong PF Cheung WK Ip CW Lam 2007 Intracellular signaling mechanisms regulating toll-like receptor-mediated activation of eosinophils Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 37 1 85 96 17332440 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXntlyksbk%3D 10.1165/rcmb.2006-0457OC (Pubitemid 46999540)
117. V Woznicova M Votava 2001 Western blot determination of IgG avidity in primary and secondary syphilis Scripta Medica (BRNO) 74 5 353 360
118. TT Yamin DK Miller 1997 The interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase is degraded by proteasomes following its phosphorylation J Biol Chem 272 34 21540 21547 9261174 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXls1Oisrg%3D 10.1074/jbc.272.34.21540 (Pubitemid 27374029)
119. A Yuan JJ Chen PL Yao PC Yang 2005 The role of interleukin-8 in cancer cells and microenvironment interaction Front Biosci 10 853 865 15569594 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXis1SntbY%3D 10.2741/1579
120. H Yuan LS Wong M Bhattacharya C Ma M Zafarani M Yao M Schneider RE Pitas M Martins-Green 2007 The effects of second-hand smoke on biological processes important in atherogenesis BMC Cardiovasc Disord 7 1 17210084 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhvFCgurc%3D 10.1186/1471-2261-7-1 (Pubitemid 46189379)
121. Y Zhang D Bhatia H Xia V Castranova X Shi F Chen 2006 Nucleolin links to arsenic-induced stabilization of GADD45alpha mRNA Nucleic Acids Res 34 2 485 495 16421274 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtlOnurY%3D 10.1093/nar/gkj459 (Pubitemid 43245430)
122. H Zhang N Bajraszewski E Wu H Wang AP Moseman SL Dabora JD Griffin DJ Kwiatkowski 2007 PDGFRs are critical for PI3 K/Akt activation and negatively regulated by mTOR J Clin Invest 117 3 730 738 17290308 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2sXis12htL0%3D 10.1172/JCI28984 (Pubitemid 46348531)