Conscious intention to speak proactively facilitates lexical access during overt object naming

Journal of Memory and Language

Volumn 65, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 345-362

  Strijkers, Kristof ^a   Holcomb, Phillip J ^b   Costa, Albert ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA   (Spain)

^b TUFTS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITAT POMPEU FABRA   (Spain)

Author keywords

ERPs; Language production; Lexical access; Task intention; Top down processing

Indexed keywords

EID: 80052034850     PISSN: 0749596X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2011.06.002     Document Type: Article

References (143)

1. Allopenna P.D., Magnuson J.S., Tanenhaus M.K. Tracking the time course of spoken word recognition using eye movements: Evidence for continuous mapping models. Journal of Memory and Language 1998, 38:419-439.
2. Almeida J., Knobel M., Finkbeiner M., Caramazza A. The locus of the frequency effect in picture naming: When recognizing is not enough. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2007, 14:1177-1182.
3. Anllo-Vento L., Hillyard S.A. Selective attention to the color and direction of moving stimuli: Electrophysiological correlates of hierarchical feature selection. Perception & Psychophysics 1996, 58:191-206.
4. Bar M. A cortical mechanism for triggering top-down facilitation in visual object recognition. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2003, 15:600-609.
5. Bar M., Kassam K.S., Ghuman A.S., Boshyan J., Schmidt A.M., Dale A.M., et al. Top-down facilitation of visual recognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 2006, 103:449-454.
6. Barrett S.E., Rugg M.D. Event-related potentials and the semantic matching of faces. Neuropsychologia 1989, 27:913-922.
7. Bates E., D'Amico S., Jacobsen T., Szekely A., Andonova E., Devescovi A., et al. Timed picture naming in seven languages. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2003, 10:344-380.
8. Belke E., Humphreys G.W., Watson D.G., Meyer A.S., Telling A.L. Top-down effects of semantic knowledge in visual search are modulated by cognitive but not perceptual load. Perception & Psychophysics 2008, 70:1444-1458.
9. Besson M., Kutas M., Van Petten C. An event-related potential analysis of semantic congruity and repetition effects in sentences. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 1992, 4:132-149.
10. Bles M., Jansma B.M. Phonological processing of ignored distractor pictures, an fMRI investigation. BMC Neuroscience 2008, 9:20.
11. Bloem I., La Heij W. Semantic facilitation and semantic interference in word translation: Implications for models of lexical access in language production. Journal of Memory and Language 2003, 48:468-488.
12. Bloem I., van der Boogaard S., La Heij W. Semantic facilitation and semantic interference in language production: Further evidence for the conceptual selection model of lexical access. Journal of Memory and Language 2004, 51:307-323.
13. Brown A.S. Inhibition in cued retrieval. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory 1981, 7:204-215.
14. Caramazza A. How many levels of processing are there in lexical access?. Cognitive Neuropsychology 1997, 14:177-208.
15. Caramazza A., Costa A., Miozzo M., Bi Y. The specific-word frequency effect: Implications for the representation of homophones. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition 2001, 27:1430-1450.
16. Carreiras M., Vergara M., Barber H. Early ERP effects of syllabic processing during visual word recognition. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2005, 17:1803-1817.
17. Christoffels I.K., Firk C., Schiller N.O. Bilingual language control: An event-related brain potential study. Brain Research 2007, 1147:192-208.
18. Cohen J.D., Dunbar K., McClelland J.L. On the control of automatic processes: A parallel distributed processing account of the Stroop effect. Psychological Review 1990, 97:332-361.
19. Collins A.M., Loftus E.F. A spreading activation theory of semantic processing. Psychological Review 1975, 82:407-428.
20. Corbetta M., Miezin F.M., Dobmeyer S., Shulman G.L., Petersen S.E. Attentional modulation of neural processing of shape, color, and velocity in humans. Science 1990, 248:1556-1559.
21. Costa A., Caramazza A. The production of noun phrases in English and Spanish: Implications for the scope of phonological encoding in speech production. Journal of Memory and Language 2002, 46:178-198.
22. Costa A., Caramazza A., Sebastian-Galles N. The cognate facilitation effect: Implications for models of lexical access. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition 2000, 26:1283-1296.
23. Costa A., Santesteban M., Cano A. On the facilitatory effects of cognate words in bilingual speech production. Brain and Language 2005, 94:94-103.
24. Costa A., Strijkers K., Martin C., Thierry G. The time course of word retrieval revealed by event-related brain potentials during overt speech. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science USA 2009, 106:21442-21446.
25. Cutting J.C., Ferreira V.S. Semantic and phonological information flow in the production lexicon. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 1999, 25:318-344.
26. Dahan D., Tanenhaus M. Looking at the rope when looking for the snake: Conceptually mediated eye movements during spoken-word recognition. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2005, 12:453-459.
27. Damian M.F., Bowers J.S. Locus of semantic interference in picture - Word interference tasks. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2003, 10:111-117.
28. Dell G.S. A spreading-activation theory of retrieval in sentence production. Psychological Review 1986, 93:283-321.
29. Dell G.S., O'Seaghdha P.G. Stages of lexical access in language production. Cognition 1992, 42:287-314.
30. DeLong K.A., Urbach T.P., Kutas M. Probabilistic word pre-activation during language comprehension inferred from electrical brain activity. Nature Neuroscience 2005, 8:1117-1121.
31. Dent K., Johnston R.A., Humphreys G.W. Age of acquisition and word frequency effects in picture naming: A dual-task investigation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 2008, 34:282-301.
32. Desimone R., Duncan J. Neural mechanisms of selective visual attention. Annual Review of Neuroscience 1995, 18:193-222.
33. Dunn B.R., Dunn D.A., Languis M., Andrews D. The relation of ERP components to complex memory processing. Brain and Cognition 1998, 36(3):355-376.
34. Eddy M., Schmid A., Holcomb P. Masked repetition priming and event-related brain potentials: A new approach for tracking the time-course of object perception. Psychophysiology 2006, 43:564-568.
35. Engel A.K., Fries P., Singer W. Dynamic predictions: Oscillations and synchrony in top-down processing. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2001, 2:704-716.
36. Federmeier K.D. Thinking ahead: The role and roots of prediction in language comprehension. Psychophysiology 2007, 44:491-505.
37. Federmeier K.D., Kutas M. A rose by any other name: Long-term memory structure and sentence processing. Journal of Memory and Language 1999, 41:469-495.
38. Federmeier K.D., Kutas M. Picture the difference: Electrophysiological investigations of picture processing in the two cerebral hemispheres. Neuropsychologia 2002, 40:730-747.
39. Federmeier K.D., Kutas M. Aging in context: Age-related changes in context use during language comprehension. Psychophysiology 2005, 42:133-141.
40. Federmeier K.D., Mai H., Kutas M. Both sides get the point: Hemispheric sensitivities to sentential constraint. Memory & Cognition 2005, 33:871-886.
41. Federmeier K.D., Wlotko E., De Ochoa-Dewald E., Kutas M. Multiple effects of sentential constraint on word processing. Brain Research 2007, 1146:75-84.
42. Garagnani M., Wennekers T., Pulvermüller F.A. Neuroanatomically-grounded Hebbian learning model of attention-language interactions in the human brain. European Journal of Neuroscience 2008, 27:492-513.
43. Gilbert C.D., Sigman M. Brain states: Top-down influences in sensory processing. Neuron 2007, 54:677-696.
44. Glaser W.R., Glaser M.O. Context effects on Stroop-like word and picture processing. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 1989, 118:13-42.
45. Grainger J., Holcomb P.J. Watching the word go by: On the time course of component processes in visual word recognition. Language and Linguistic Compass 2009, 3:128-156.
46. Graves W.W., Grabowski T.J., Mehta S., Gordon J.K. A neural signature of phonological access: Distinguishing the effects of word frequency from familiarity and length in overt picture naming. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2007, 19:617-631.
47. Griffin Z.M. Why look? Reasons for eye movements related to language production. The interface of language, vision, and action: What we can learn from free-viewing eye tracking 2004, 213-247. Psychology Press, New York. J.M. Henderson, F. Ferreira (Eds.).
48. Griffin Z.M., Bock K. Constraint, word frequency, and the relationship between lexical processing levels in spoken word production. Journal of Memory and Language 1998, 38:313-338.
49. Griffin Z.M., Bock K. What the eyes say about speaking. Psychological Science 2000, 11:274-279.
50. Grill-Spector K., Henson R., Martin A. Repetition and the brain: Neural models of stimulus-specific effects. Trends in Cognitive Science 2006, 10:14-23.
51. Grill-Spector K., Kanwisher N. Visual recognition: As soon as you know it is there, you know what it is. Psychological Science 2005, 16:152-160.
52. Guthrie D., Buchwald J.S. Significance testing of difference potentials. Psychophysiology 1991, 28:240-244.
53. Hagoort P. The fractionation of spoken language understanding by measuring electrical and magnetic brain signals. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences 2008, 363:1055-1069.
54. Halgren E., Dhond R.P., Christensen N., Van Petten C., Marinkovic K., Lewine J.D., et al. N400-like magnetoencephalography responses modulated by semantic context, word frequency, and lexical class in sentences. Neuroimage 2002, 17:1101-1116.
55. Hauk O., Patterson K., Woollams A., Cooper-Pey E., Pulvermüller F., Rogers T.T. How the camel lost its hump: The impact of object typicality on event-related potential signals in object decision. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2007, 19:1338-1353.
56. Hauk O., Pulvermuller F. Effects of word length and frequency on the human event-related potential. Clinical Neurophysiology 2004, 115:1090-1103.
57. Henson R.N.A., Rylands A., Ross E., Vuilleumeir P., Rugg M.D. The effect of repetition lag on electrophysiological and haemodynamic correlates of visual object priming. Neuroimage 2004, 21:1674-1689.
58. Hillyard S.A., Munte T.F. Selective attention to color and location: An analysis with event-related brain potentials. Perception & Psychophysics 1984, 36:185-198.
59. Hillyard S.A., Vogel E.K., Luck S.J. Sensory gain control (amplification) as a mechanism of selective attention: Electrophysiological and neuroimaging evidence. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society Biological Sciences 1998, 353:1257-1267.
60. Holcomb P.J. Semantic priming and stimulus degradation: Implications for the role of the N400 in language processing. Psychophysiology 1993, 30:47-61.
61. Holcomb P.J., Grainger J. The time course of masked repetition priming: An event-related brain potential investigation. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2006, 18:1631-1643.
62. Holcomb P.J., McPherson W.B. Event-related brain potentials reflect semantic priming in an object decision task. Brain and Cognition 1994, 24:259-276.
63. Howard D., Nickels L., Coltheart M., Cole-Virtue J. Cumulative semantic inhibition in picture naming: Experimental and computational studies. Cognition 2006, 100:464-482.
64. Huettig F., McQueen J.M. The tug of war between phonological, semantic, and shape information in language-mediated visual search. Journal of Memory and Language 2007, 54:460-482.
65. Humphreys G.W., Riddoch M.J., Price C.J. Top-down processes in object identification: Evidence from experimental psychology, neuropsychology, and functional anatomy. Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences 1997, 352:1275-1282.
66. Indefrey P., Levelt W.J.M. The spatial and temporal signatures of word production components. Cognition 2004, 92:101-144.
67. Jescheniak J.D., Levelt W.J.M. Word frequency effects in speech production: Retrieval of syntactic information and of phonological form. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 1994, 20:824-843.
68. Jescheniak J.D., Oppermann F., Hantsch A., Wagner V., Madebach A., Schriefers H. Do perceived context pictures automatically activate their phonological code?. Experimental Psychology 2009, 56:56-65.
69. Jescheniak J.D., Schriefers H., Garrett M.F., Friederici A.D. Exploring the activation of semantic and phonological codes during speech planning with event-related brain potentials. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2002, 94:94-103.
70. Kanwisher N., Wojciulik E. Visual attention: Insights from brain imaging. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2000, 1:91-100.
71. Kastner S., Pinsk M., De Weerd P., Desimone R., Ungerleider L. Increased activity in human visual cortex during directed attention in the absence of visual stimulation. Neuron 1999, 22:751-761.
72. Kastner S., Ungerleider L.G. Mechanisms of visual attention in the human cortex. Annual Review of Neuroscience 2000, 23:315-341.
73. Kirchner H., Thorpe S.J. Ultra-rapid object detection with saccadic eye movements: Visual processing revisited. Vision Research 2006, 46:1762-1776.
74. Kittredge A.K., Dell G.S., Verkuilen J., Schwartz M.F. Where is the effect of frequency in word production? Insights from aphasic picture-naming errors. Cognitive Neuropsychology 2007, 1:1-30.
75. Knobel M., Finkbeiner M., Caramazza A. The many places of frequency: Evidence for a novel locus of the lexical frequency effect in word production. Cognitive Neuropsychology 2008, 25:256-286.
76. Koester D., Schiller N. Morphological priming in overt language production: Electrophysiological evidence from Dutch. NeuroImage 2008, 42:1622-1630.
77. Kroll J.F., Potter M.C. Recognizing words, pictures, and concepts: A comparison of lexical, object, and reality decisions. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behaviour 1984, 23:39-66.
78. Kutas M. In the company of other words: Electrophysiological evidence for single-word and sentence context effects. Language and Cognitive Processes 1993, 8:533-572.
79. Kutas M., Federmeier K.D. Electrophysiology reveals semantic memory use in language comprehension. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2000, 4:463-470.
80. Kutas M., Hillyard S.A. Reading senseless sentences: Brain potentials reflect semantic incongruity. Science 1980, 207:203-205.
81. Lau E.F., Phillips C., Poeppel D. A cortical network for semantics: [de]constructing the N400. Nature Reviews Neuroscience 2008, 9:920-933.
82. Lee C.Y., Tsai J.L., Chan W.H., Hsu C.H., Hung D.L., Tzeng O.J. Temporal dynamics of the consistency effect in reading Chinese: An event-related potentials study. Neuroreport 2007, 18(2):147-151.
83. Levelt W.J.M. Speaking: From intention to articulation 1989, The MIT Press, MA.
84. Levelt W.J.M., Roelofs A., Meyer A.S. A theory of lexical access in speech production. Behavioural Brain Sciences 1999, 22:1-75.
85. Levelt W.J.M., Schriefers H., Vorberg D., Meyer A.S., Pechmann T., Havinga J. The time course of lexical access in speech production: A study of picture naming. Psychological Review 1991, 98:122-142.
86. Liu H., Agam Y., Madsen J.R., Kreiman G. Timing, timing, timing: Fast decoding of object information from intracranial field potentials in human visual cortex. Neuron 2009, 62:281-290.
87. Luck S.J., Chelazzi L., Hillyard S.A., Desimone R. Neural mechanisms of spatial selective attention in areas V1, V2, and V4 of macaque visual cortex. Journal of Neurophysiology 1997, 77:24-42.
88. Luck S.J., Hillyard S.A. Electrophysiological correlates of feature analysis during visual search. Psychophysiology 1994, 31:291-308.
89. Maess B., Friederici A.D., Damian M., Meyer A.S., Levelt W.J.M. Semantic category interference in overt picture naming: An MEG study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2002, 14:455-462.
90. Mangun G.R., Hillyard S.A. Mechanisms and models of selective attention. Electrophysiology of mind 1995, 40-85. Oxford University Press, Oxford. M.D. Rugg, M.G.H. Coles (Eds.).
91. Meyer A.S., Belke E., Telling A.L., Humphreys G.W. Early activation of object names in visual search. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review 2007, 14:710-716.
92. Meyer A.S., Damian M.F. Activation of distractor names in the picture-picture interference paradigm. Memory and Cognition 2007, 35:494-503.
93. Meyer A.S., Sleiderink A.M., Levelt W.J.M. Viewing and naming objects: Eye movements during noun phrase production. Cognition 1998, 66:25-33.
94. Morgan J.L., Meyer A.S. Processing of extrafoveal objects during multiple object naming. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Language, Memory, & Cognition 2005, 31:428-442.
95. Morrison C.M., Ellis A.W., Quinlan P.T. Age of acquisition, not word frequency, affects object naming, not object recognition. Memory & Cognition 1992, 20:705-714.
96. Morsella E., Miozzo M. Evidence for a cascade model of lexical access in speech production. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition 2002, 28:555-563.
97. Naccache L., Blandin E., Dehaene S. Unconscious masked priming depends on temporal attention. Psychological Science 2002, 13:416-424.
98. Navarrete E., Basagni B., Alario X.F., Costa A. Does word frequency affect lexical selection in speech production?. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 2006, 10:1681-1690.
99. Navarrete E., Costa A. Phonological activation of ignored pictures: Further evidence for a cascade model of lexical access. Journal of Memory and Language 2005, 53:359-377.
100. Navarrete E., Mahon B.Z., Caramazza A. The cumulative semantic cost does not reflect lexical selection by competition. Acta Psychologica 2010, 134:279-289.
101. Neely J.H. Semantic priming and retrieval from lexieal memory: Roles of inhibitionless spreading activation and limited capacity attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 1977, 106:226-254.
102. O'Craven K., Kanwisher N. Mental imagery of faces and places activates corresponding stimulus-specific brain regions. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2000, 12:1013-1023.
103. O'Hare A.J., Dien J., Waterson L.D., Savage C.R. Activation of the posterior cingulate by semantic priming: A Co-registered ERP/fMRI study. Brain Research 2008, 1189:97-114.
104. Oppenheim G.M., Dell G.S., Schwartz M.F. Cumulative semantic interference as learning. Brain and Language 2007, 103:175-176.
105. Oppenheim G.M., Dell G.S., Schwartz M.F. The dark side of incremental learning: A model of cumulative semantic interference during lexical access in speech production. Cognition 2010, 114:227-252.
106. Oppermann F., Jescheniak J.D., Schriefers H. Conceptual coherence affects phonological activation of context objects during object naming. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition 2008, 34:587-601.
107. Oppermann F., Jescheniak J.D., Schriefers H., Gorges F. Semantic relatedness among objects promotes the activation of multiple phonological codes during object naming. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 2010, 63:356-370.
108. Peelen M.V., Fei-Fei L., Kastner S. Neural mechanisms of rapid natural scene categorization in human visual cortex. Nature 2009, 460:94-97.
109. Peterson R.R., Savoy P. Lexical selection and phonological encoding during language production: Evidence for cascaded processing. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 1998, 24:539-557.
110. Posner M.I., Dehaene S. Attentional networks. Trends in Neuroscience 1994, 17:75-79.
111. Pulvermüller F., Shtyrov Y., Hauk O. Understanding in an instant: Neurophysiological evidence for mechanistic language circuits in the brain. Brain and Language 2009, 110:81-94.
112. Pylkkanen L., Marantz A. Tracking the time course of word recognition with MEG. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2003, 7:187-189.
113. Roelofs A. A spreading-activation theory of lemma retrieval in speaking. Cognition 1992, 42:107-142.
114. Roelofs A. Goal-referenced selection of verbal action: Modelling attentional control in the Stroop task. Psychological Review 2003, 110:88-125.
115. Roelofs A. Context effects of pictures and words in naming objects, reading words, and generating simple phrases. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 2006, 59:1764-1784.
116. Roelofs A. Attention to spoken word planning: Chronometric and neuroimaging evidence. Language and Linguistic Compass 2008, 2:389-405.
117. Rosch E. Principles of categorization. Cognition and categorization 1978, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ. B.E. Rosch, Lloyd (Eds.).
118. Rugg M.D. Event-related brain potentials dissociate repetition effects of high- and low-frequency words. Memory & Cognition 1990, 18:367-379.
119. Rugg M.D., Doyle M.C. Event-related potentials and stimulus repetition in direct and indirect tests of memory. Cognitive electrophysiology 1994, 124-148. Birkhauser, Boston. H. -J. Heinze, T.F. Munte, G.R. Mangun (Eds.).
120. Sahin N., Pinker S., Cash S., Schomer D., Halgren E. Sequential processing of lexical, grammatical, and phonological information within Broca's area. Science 2009, 326:445-449.
121. Schendan H.E., Ganis G., Kutas M. Neurophysiological evidence for visual perceptual categorization of words and faces within 150ms. Psychophysiology 1998, 35:240-251.
122. Schendan H.E., Kutas M. Time course of processes and representations supporting visual object identification and memory. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2003, 15:111-135.
123. Schendan H.E., Kutas M. Neuropsychological evidence for the time course of activation of global shape, part, and local contour representations during visual object categorization and memory. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2007, 19:734-749.
124. Schiller N.O., Horemans I., Ganushchak L., Koester D. Event-related potentials during the monitoring of speech errors. NeuroImage 2009, 44:520-530.
125. Schriefers H., Meyer A.S., Levelt W.J.M. Exploring the time course of lexical access in language production: Picture-word interference studies. Journal of Memory and Language 1990, 29:86-102.
126. Sitnikova T., West W.C., Kuperberg G.R., Holcomb P.J. The neural organization of semantic memory: Electrophysiological activity suggests feature-based segregation. Biological Psychology 2006, 71:326-340.
127. Snodgrass J.G., Vanderwart M. A standardized set of 260 pictures: Norm for name agreement, image agreement, familiarity, and visual complexity. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory 1980, 6:174-215.
128. Strijkers K., Costa A., Thierry G. Tracking lexical access in speech production: Electrophysiological correlates of word frequency and cognate effects. Cerebral Cortex 2010, 20:912-928.
129. Tanenhaus M.K., Magnuson J.S., Dahan D., Chambers C.G. Eye movements and lexical access in spoken language comprehension: Evaluating a linking hypothesis between fixations and linguistic processing. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 2000, 29:557-580.
130. ter Keurs M., Brown C.M., Hagoort P., Stegeman D.F. Electrophysiological manifestations of open- and closed-class words in patients with Broca's aphasia with agrammatic comprehension. An event-related brain potential study. Brain 1999, 122:839-854.
131. Thierry G., Cardebat D., Demonet J.F. Electrophysiological comparison of grammatical processing and semantic processing of single spoken nouns. Cognitive Brain Research 2003, 17:535-547.
132. Thierry G., Martin C.D., Downing P., Pegna A.J. Controlling for interstimulus perceptual variance abolishes N170 face selectivity. Nature Neuroscience 2007, 10:505-511.
133. Thorpe S., Fize D., Marlot C. Speed of processing in the human visual system. Nature 1996, 381:520-522.
134. Ullman S. Sequence seeking and counter streams: A computational model for bidirectional information flow in the visual cortex. Cerebral Cortex 1995, 1:1-11.
135. Van Petten C. Words and sentences: Event-related brain potential measures. Psychophysiology 1995, 32:511-525.
136. Van Petten C., Kutas M. Interactions between sentence context and word frequency in event-related brain potentials. Memory & Cognition 1990, 18:380-393.
137. Van Petten C., Kutas M. Influences of semantic and syntactic context on open and closed class words. Memory & Cognition 1991, 19:95-112.
138. Van Petten C., Kutas M., Kluender R., Mitchiner M., McIsaac H. Fractionating the word repetition effect with event-related potentials. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 1991, 3:131-150.
139. Van Petten C., Senkfor A.J. Memory for words and novel visual patterns: Repetition, recognition, and encoding effects in the event-related brain potential. Psychophysiology 1996, 33:491-506.
140. VanRullen R., Thorpe S.J. Surfing a spike wave down the ventral stream. Vision Research 2002, 42:2593-2615.
141. Verhoef K., Roelofs A., Chwilla J.C. Role of inhibition in language switching: Evidence from event-related brain potentials in overt picture naming. Cognition 2009, 110:84-99.
142. Wingfield A. Effects of frequency on identification and naming of objects. American Journal of Psychology 1968, 81:226-234.
143. Wlotko E.W., Federmeier K.D. Finding the right word: Hemispheric asymmetries in the use of sentence context information. Neuropsychologia 2007, 45:3001-3014.