메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 54, Issue 10, 2011, Pages 3451-3479

The medicinal chemist's toolbox: An analysis of reactions used in the pursuit of drug candidates

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

NEW DRUG;

EID: 79957698619     PISSN: 00222623     EISSN: 15204804     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/jm200187y     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (2025)

References (164)
  • 1
    • 67651208541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug discovery chemistry: A primer for the non-specialist
    • Jordan, A. M.; Roughley, S. D. Drug discovery chemistry: a primer for the non-specialist Drug Discovery Today 2009, 14, 731-744
    • (2009) Drug Discovery Today , vol.14 , pp. 731-744
    • Jordan, A.M.1    Roughley, S.D.2
  • 2
    • 33745079610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the reactions used for the preparation of drug candidate molecules
    • DOI 10.1039/b602413k
    • Carey, J. S.; Laffan, D.; Thomson, C.; Williams, M. T. Analysis of the reactions used for the preparation of drug candidate molecules Org. Biomol. Chem. 2006, 2337-2347 (Pubitemid 43882754)
    • (2006) Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry , vol.4 , Issue.12 , pp. 2337-2347
    • Carey, J.S.1    Laffan, D.2    Thomson, C.3    Williams, M.T.4
  • 3
    • 79957787039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • JMC,; BMC BMCL http://journ als.else vier.com/096 80896/bioor ganic-and-me dicinal-che mistry, http://w ww.elsev ier.com/wps/f ind/journ aldescript ion.cws-hom e/972/descr iption#descr iption
    • Thomson Reuters ISI impact factors for 2008 were retrieved from the journal Internet homepages (JMC, http://pubs.acs.org/journal/jmcmar; BMC, http://journals.elsevier.com/09680896/bioorganic-and-medicinal-chemistry/; BMCL, http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws-home/972/ description#description) at the time of data compilation.
    • Thomson Reuters ISI Impact Factors for 2008 Were Retrieved from the Journal Internet Homepages
  • 4
    • 78249273274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors determining the selection of organic reactions by medicinal chemists and the use of these reactions in arrays (small focussed libraries)
    • Cooper, T. W. J.; Campbell, I. B.; Macdonald, S. J. F. Factors determining the selection of organic reactions by medicinal chemists and the use of these reactions in arrays (small focussed libraries) Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 2-12
    • (2010) Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. , vol.49 , pp. 2-12
    • Cooper, T.W.J.1    Campbell, I.B.2    MacDonald, S.J.F.3
  • 5
    • 79957670504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CAS SciFinder. (accessed Feb 7).
    • CAS SciFinder. http://www.cas.org/products/scifindr/index.html (accessed Feb 7, 2011).
    • (2011)
  • 6
    • 79957716215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reaxys Elsevier Beilstein Database. (accessed Feb 7).
    • Reaxys Elsevier Beilstein Database. http://www.reaxys.com/info (accessed Feb 7, 2011).
    • (2011)
  • 7
    • 0035289779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental and computational approaches to estimate solubility and permeability in drug discovery and development settings
    • DOI 10.1016/S0169-409X(00)00129-0, PII S0169409X00001290
    • Lipinksi, C. A.; Lombardo, F.; Dominy, B. W.; Feeney, P. J. Experimental and computational approaches to estimate solubility and permeability in drug discovery and development settings Adv. Drug Delivery Rev. 2001, 46, 3-26 (Pubitemid 33653411)
    • (2000) Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews , vol.46 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 3-26
    • Lipinski, C.A.1    Lombardo, F.2    Dominy, B.W.3    Feeney, P.J.4
  • 8
    • 13244266921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lead- and drug-like compounds: The rule-of-five revolution
    • Lipinksi, C. A. Lead- and drug-like compounds: the rule-of-five revolution Drug Discovery Today: Technol. 2004, 1, 337-341
    • (2004) Drug Discovery Today: Technol. , vol.1 , pp. 337-341
    • Lipinksi, C.A.1
  • 9
    • 0001509942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of physicochemical parameters by atomic contributions
    • log P is calculated in RDKit using the atomic contribution algorithm of Crippen
    • log P is calculated in RDKit using the atomic contribution algorithm of Crippen: Wildman, S. A.; Crippen, G. M. Prediction of physicochemical parameters by atomic contributions J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 1999, 39, 868-873
    • (1999) J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. , vol.39 , pp. 868-873
    • Wildman, S.A.1    Crippen, G.M.2
  • 11
    • 0034609833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fast calculation of molecular polar surface area as a sum of fragment-based contributions and its application to the prediction of drug transport properties
    • Ertl, P.; Rohde, B.; Selzer, P. Fast calculation of molecular polar surface area as a sum of fragment-based contributions and its application to the prediction of drug transport properties J. Med. Chem. 2000, 43, 3714-3717
    • (2000) J. Med. Chem. , vol.43 , pp. 3714-3717
    • Ertl, P.1    Rohde, B.2    Selzer, P.3
  • 12
    • 71049126548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Escape from Flatland: Increasing saturation as an approach to improving clinical success
    • Lovering, F.; Bikker, J.; Humblet, C. Escape from Flatland: increasing saturation as an approach to improving clinical success J. Med. Chem. 2009, 52, 6752-6756
    • (2009) J. Med. Chem. , vol.52 , pp. 6752-6756
    • Lovering, F.1    Bikker, J.2    Humblet, C.3
  • 13
    • 79957754536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Python. (accessed Mar 19).
    • Python. http://www.python.org (accessed Mar 19, 2010).
    • (2010)
  • 14
    • 79957756786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RDKit: Open-Source Cheminformatics. (accessed Apr 25).
    • RDKit: Open-Source Cheminformatics. http://www.rdkit.org (accessed Apr 25, 2010).
    • (2010)
  • 15
    • 79957784553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SMARTS-A Language for Describing Molecular Patterns. (accessed Jan 20).
    • SMARTS-A Language for Describing Molecular Patterns. http://www.daylight. com/dayhtml/doc/theory/index.pdf (accessed Jan 20, 2011).
    • (2011)
  • 17
    • 79957778940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SMARTSViewer. (accessed Jan 20).
    • SMARTSViewer. http://smartsview.zbh.uni-hamburg.de/ (accessed Jan 20, 2011).
    • (2011)
  • 18
    • 70350409235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of aromatic ring count on compound developability: Are too many aromatic rings a liability in drug design?
    • Ritchie, T. J.; Macdonald, S. J. F. The impact of aromatic ring count on compound developability: Are too many aromatic rings a liability in drug design? Drug Discovery Today 2009, 14, 1011-1020
    • (2009) Drug Discovery Today , vol.14 , pp. 1011-1020
    • Ritchie, T.J.1    MacDonald, S.J.F.2
  • 20
    • 79957724897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • KNIME: The Konstanz Information Miner. (accessed Jan 20).
    • KNIME: The Konstanz Information Miner. http://www.knime.org (accessed Jan 20, 2011).
    • (2011)
  • 21
    • 33947602410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Total synthesis of marine natural products without using protecting groups
    • DOI 10.1038/nature05569, PII NATURE05569
    • Baran, P. S.; Maimone, T. J.; Richter, J. M. Total synthesis of marine natural products without using protecting groups Nature 2007, 446, 404-408 (Pubitemid 46476780)
    • (2007) Nature , vol.446 , Issue.7134 , pp. 404-408
    • Baran, P.S.1    Maimone, T.J.2    Richter, J.M.3
  • 22
    • 77954562085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aiming for the ideal synthesis
    • Gaich, T.; Baran, P. S. Aiming for the ideal synthesis J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 4657-4673
    • (2010) J. Org. Chem. , vol.75 , pp. 4657-4673
    • Gaich, T.1    Baran, P.S.2
  • 23
    • 66449129817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemoselectivity: The mother of invention in total synthesis
    • Shenvi, R. A.; O?Malley, D. P.; Baran, P. S. Chemoselectivity: the mother of invention in total synthesis Acc. Chem. Res. 2009, 42, 530-541
    • (2009) Acc. Chem. Res. , vol.42 , pp. 530-541
    • Shenvi, R.A.1    Omalley, D.P.2    Baran, P.S.3
  • 24
    • 67650984682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protecting-group-free synthesis as an opportunity for invention
    • Young, I. S.; Baran, P. S. Protecting-group-free synthesis as an opportunity for invention Nat. Chem. 2009, 1, 193-205
    • (2009) Nat. Chem. , vol.1 , pp. 193-205
    • Young, I.S.1    Baran, P.S.2
  • 25
    • 33746740077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quest for the rings. In silico exploration of ring universe to identify novel bioactive heteroaromatic scaffolds
    • DOI 10.1021/jm060217p
    • Ertl, P.; Jelfs, S.; Mühlbacher, J.; Schuffenhauer, A.; Selzer, P. Quest for the rings. In silico exploration of ring universe to identify novel bioactive heteroaromatic scaffolds J. Med. Chem. 2006, 49, 4568-4573 (Pubitemid 44162682)
    • (2006) Journal of Medicinal Chemistry , vol.49 , Issue.15 , pp. 4568-4573
    • Ertl, P.1    Jelfs, S.2    Muhlbacher, J.3    Schuffenhauer, A.4    Selzer, P.5
  • 26
    • 0029894013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The properties of known drugs. 1. Molecular frameworks
    • DOI 10.1021/jm9602928
    • Bemis, G. W.; Murcko, M. A. The properties of known drugs. 1. Molecular frameworks J. Med. Chem. 1996, 39, 2887-2893 (Pubitemid 26251026)
    • (1996) Journal of Medicinal Chemistry , vol.39 , Issue.15 , pp. 2887-2893
    • Bemis, G.W.1    Murcko, M.A.2
  • 28
    • 33750116951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review on the use of sodium triacetoxyborohydride in the reductive amination of ketones and aldehydes
    • DOI 10.1021/op0601013
    • Abdel-Magid, A. F.; Mehrman, S. J. A review on the use of sodium triacetoxyborohydride in the reductive amination of ketones and aldehydes Org. Process Res. Dev 2006, 10, 971-1031 (Pubitemid 44594592)
    • (2006) Organic Process Research and Development , vol.10 , Issue.5 , pp. 971-1031
    • Abdel-Magid, A.F.1    Mehrman, S.J.2
  • 29
    • 0011763757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reductive aminations of carbonyl compounds with borohydride and borane reducing agents
    • Baxter, E. W.; Reitz, A. B. Reductive aminations of carbonyl compounds with borohydride and borane reducing agents Org. React. 2002, 59, 1-714
    • (2002) Org. React. , vol.59 , pp. 1-714
    • Baxter, E.W.1    Reitz, A.B.2
  • 30
    • 77954948742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen in electron-deficient arenes - A general process of great practical value
    • Makosza, M. Nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen in electron-deficient arenes-a general process of great practical value Chem. Soc. Rev. 2010, 39, 2855-2868
    • (2010) Chem. Soc. Rev. , vol.39 , pp. 2855-2868
    • Makosza, M.1
  • 31
    • 0001463347 scopus 로고
    • The SN(ANRORC) mechanism: A new mechanism for nucleophilic substitution
    • Van der Plas, H. C. The SN(ANRORC) mechanism: a new mechanism for nucleophilic substitution Acc. Chem. Res. 1978, 11, 462-468
    • (1978) Acc. Chem. Res. , vol.11 , pp. 462-468
    • Van Der Plas, H.C.1
  • 33
    • 0000037108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbon - Heteroatom Bond-Forming Reductive Eliminations of Amines, Ethers, and Sulfides
    • Hartwig, J. F. Carbon-heteroatom bond-forming reductive eliminations of amines, ethers, and sulfides Acc. Chem. Res. 1998, 31, 852-860 (Pubitemid 128473636)
    • (1998) Accounts of Chemical Research , vol.31 , Issue.12 , pp. 852-860
    • Hartwig, J.F.1
  • 34
    • 0032541260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transition metal catalyzed synthesis of arylamines and aryl ethers from aryl halides and triflates: Scope and mechanism
    • Hartwig, J. F. Transition metal catalyzed synthesis of arylamines and aryl ethers from aryl halides and triflates: scope and mechanism Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 1998, 37, 2046-2-67
    • (1998) Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. , vol.37 , pp. 2046267
    • Hartwig, J.F.1
  • 35
    • 52149114261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbon-heteroatom bond formation catalysed by organometallic complexes
    • Hartwig, J. F. Carbon-heteroatom bond formation catalysed by organometallic complexes Nature 2008, 455, 314-322
    • (2008) Nature , vol.455 , pp. 314-322
    • Hartwig, J.F.1
  • 36
    • 52049105452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biaryl phosphane ligands in palladium-catalyzed amination
    • Surry, D. S.; Buchwald, S. L. Biaryl phosphane ligands in palladium-catalyzed amination Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 6338-6361
    • (2008) Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. , vol.47 , pp. 6338-6361
    • Surry, D.S.1    Buchwald, S.L.2
  • 37
    • 0001038733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rational Development of Practical Catalysts for Aromatic Carbon-Nitrogen Bond Formation
    • Wolfe, J. P.; Wagaw, S.; Marcoux, J.-F.; Buchwald, S. L. Rational development of practical catalysts for aromatic carbon-nitrogen bond formation Acc. Chem. Res. 1998, 31, 805-818 (Pubitemid 128473631)
    • (1998) Accounts of Chemical Research , vol.31 , Issue.12 , pp. 805-818
    • Wolfe, J.P.1    Wagaw, S.2    Marcoux, J.-F.3    Buchwald, S.L.4
  • 38
    • 44849085422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Palladium-Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Halides and Aryl Triflates: N -Hexyl-2-methyl-4-methoxyaniline and N -Methyl- N -(4-chlorophenyl)aniline
    • Wiley & Sons: New York,; Collect. Vol., p.
    • Wolfe, J. P.; Buchwald, S. L. Palladium-Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Halides and Aryl Triflates: N -Hexyl-2-methyl-4-methoxyaniline and N -Methyl- N -(4-chlorophenyl)aniline. Organic Syntheses; Wiley & Sons: New York, 2004; Collect. Vol. 10, p 423.
    • (2004) Organic Syntheses , vol.10 , pp. 423
    • Wolfe, J.P.1    Buchwald, S.L.2
  • 39
    • 0008165462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Palladium-catalyzed amination of aryl halides and sulfonates
    • PII S0022328X98010547
    • Yang, B. H.; Buchwald, S. L. Palladium-catalyzed amination of aryl halides and sulfonates J. Organomet. Chem. 1999, 576, 125-146 (Pubitemid 129595972)
    • (1999) Journal of Organometallic Chemistry , vol.576 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 125-146
    • Yang, B.H.1    Buchwald, S.L.2
  • 40
    • 33747071481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selected patented cross-coupling reaction technologies
    • DOI 10.1021/cr0505268
    • Corbet, J.-P.; Mignani, G. Selected patented cross-coupling reaction technologies Chem. Rev. 2006, 106, 2651-2710 (Pubitemid 44207754)
    • (2006) Chemical Reviews , vol.106 , Issue.7 , pp. 2651-2710
    • Corbet, J.-P.1    Mignani, G.2
  • 41
    • 0000414496 scopus 로고
    • The Mitsunobu reaction
    • Hughes, D. L. The Mitsunobu reaction Org. React. 1992, 42, 335-656
    • (1992) Org. React. , vol.42 , pp. 335-656
    • Hughes, D.L.1
  • 42
    • 85077634689 scopus 로고
    • The use of diethyl azodicarboxylate and triphenylphoshine in synthesis and transformation of natural products
    • Mitsunobu, O. The use of diethyl azodicarboxylate and triphenylphoshine in synthesis and transformation of natural products Synthesis 1981, 1-28
    • (1981) Synthesis , pp. 1-28
    • Mitsunobu, O.1
  • 43
    • 1342302805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent development of peptide coupling reagents in organic synthesis
    • DOI 10.1016/j.tet.2004.01.020
    • Han, S. Y.; Kim, Y.-A. Recent development of peptide couping reagents in organic synthesis Tetrahedron 2004, 60, 2447-2467 (Pubitemid 38249561)
    • (2004) Tetrahedron , vol.60 , Issue.11 , pp. 2447-2467
    • Han, S.-Y.1    Kim, Y.-A.2
  • 44
    • 26844576835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amide bond formation and peptide coupling
    • DOI 10.1016/j.tet.2005.08.031, PII S0040402005013876
    • Montalbetti, C. A. G. N.; Falque, V. Amide bond formation and peptide coupling Tetrahedron 2005, 61, 10827-10852 (Pubitemid 41447509)
    • (2005) Tetrahedron , vol.61 , Issue.46 , pp. 10827-10852
    • Montalbetti, C.A.G.N.1    Falque, V.2
  • 45
    • 2342481809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lessons Learned from Marketed and Investigational Prodrugs
    • DOI 10.1021/jm0303812
    • Ettmayer, P.; Amidon, G. L.; Clement, B.; Testa, B. Lessons learned from marketed and investigational prodrugs J. Med. Chem. 2004, 47, 2393-2404 (Pubitemid 38580074)
    • (2004) Journal of Medicinal Chemistry , vol.47 , Issue.10 , pp. 2393-2404
    • Ettmayer, P.1    Amidon, G.L.2    Clement, B.3    Testa, B.4
  • 47
    • 79957708194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accelrys (formerly Symyx) Available Chemicals Directory, version 2010.08. (accessed Feb 2, 2011).
    • Accelrys (formerly Symyx) Available Chemicals Directory, version 2010.08. http://accelrys.com/products/databases/sourcing/available-chemicals-directory. html (accessed Feb 2, 2011).
  • 48
    • 0037175592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent applications of the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction in organic synthesis
    • DOI 10.1016/S0040-4020(02)01188-2, PII S0040402002011882
    • Kotha, S. Recent applications of the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction in organic synthesis Tetrahedron 2002, 58, 9633-9695 (Pubitemid 35356429)
    • (2002) Tetrahedron , vol.58 , Issue.48 , pp. 9633-9695
    • Kotha, S.1    Lahiri, K.2    Kashinath, D.3
  • 49
    • 2042507954 scopus 로고
    • Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of organoboron compounds
    • Miyaura, N.; Suzuki, A. Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of organoboron compounds Chem. Rev. 1995, 95, 2457-2483
    • (1995) Chem. Rev. , vol.95 , pp. 2457-2483
    • Miyaura, N.1    Suzuki, A.2
  • 50
    • 0032518829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catalytic cross-coupling reactions in biaryl synthesis
    • DOI 10.1016/S0040-4020(97)10233-2, PII S0040402097102332
    • Stanforth, S. P. Catalytic cross-coupling reactions in biaryl synthesis Tetrahedron 1998, 54, 263-303 (Pubitemid 28015445)
    • (1998) Tetrahedron , vol.54 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 263-303
    • Stanforth, S.P.1
  • 51
    • 79957718779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Many boronic acids and related derivatives are stable solids that can be easily weighed and stored, often for periods of years without serious degradation, in contrast with the organozinc and Grignard reagents of the Negishi and Kumada couplings.
    • Many boronic acids and related derivatives are stable solids that can be easily weighed and stored, often for periods of years without serious degradation, in contrast with the organozinc and Grignard reagents of the Negishi and Kumada couplings.
  • 52
    • 79957737832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compare with the Stille reaction of organostannanes, which are highly toxic, often significantly volatile, and generate toxic tin-based byproducts that can be troublesome to separate from the desired product and represent a serious environmental hazard in their storage and disposal.
    • Compare with the Stille reaction of organostannanes, which are highly toxic, often significantly volatile, and generate toxic tin-based byproducts that can be troublesome to separate from the desired product and represent a serious environmental hazard in their storage and disposal.
  • 53
    • 0036643426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A genealogy of Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling
    • DOI 10.1016/S0022-328X(02)01273-1, PII S0022328X02012731
    • Negishi, E.-I. A genealogy of Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling J. Organomet. Chem. 2002, 653, 34-40 (Pubitemid 34594495)
    • (2002) Journal of Organometallic Chemistry , vol.653 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 34-40
    • Negishi, E.-I.1
  • 54
    • 0037943974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Palladium-catalyzed alkynylation
    • Negishi, E.-I. Palladium-catalyzed alkynylation Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 1979-2017
    • (2003) Chem. Rev. , vol.103 , pp. 1979-2017
    • Negishi, E.-I.1
  • 56
    • 0026957814 scopus 로고
    • Toxicity of palladium in animals
    • Brammertz, A.; Augthun, M. Toxicity of palladium in animals Wiss. Umwelt 1992, 285-289
    • (1992) Wiss. Umwelt , pp. 285-289
    • Brammertz, A.1    Augthun, M.2
  • 59
    • 27844466269 scopus 로고
    • N -Methoxy- N -methylamides as effective acylating agents
    • Nahm, S.; Weinreb, S. M. N -Methoxy- N -methylamides as effective acylating agents Tetrahedron Lett. 1981, 22, 3815-3818
    • (1981) Tetrahedron Lett. , vol.22 , pp. 3815-3818
    • Nahm, S.1    Weinreb, S.M.2
  • 60
    • 4444383097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis of modified Weinreb amides: N-tert-butoxy-N-methylamides as effective acylating agents
    • DOI 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.07.106, PII S0040403904016053
    • Labeeuw, O.; Phansavath, P.; Genet, J.-P. Synthesis of modified Weinreb amides: N-tert -butoxy- N -methylamides as effective acylating agents Tetrahedron Lett. 2004, 45, 7107-7110 (Pubitemid 39178574)
    • (2004) Tetrahedron Letters , vol.45 , Issue.38 , pp. 7107-7110
    • Labeeuw, O.1    Phansavath, P.2    Genet, J.-P.3
  • 61
    • 77249114191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the origins of diastereoselectivity in the alkylation of enolates derived from N -1-(1′-naphthyl)ethyl- O - Tert -butylhydroxamates: Chiral Weinreb amide equivalents
    • Davies, S. G.; Goodwin, C. J.; Hepworth, D.; Roberts, P. M.; Thomson, J. E. On the origins of diastereoselectivity in the alkylation of enolates derived from N -1-(1′-naphthyl)ethyl- O-tert -butylhydroxamates: chiral Weinreb amide equivalents J. Org. Chem. 2010, 75, 1214-1227
    • (2010) J. Org. Chem. , vol.75 , pp. 1214-1227
    • Davies, S.G.1    Goodwin, C.J.2    Hepworth, D.3    Roberts, P.M.4    Thomson, J.E.5
  • 62
    • 33847803678 scopus 로고
    • Olefin synthesis with organic phosphonate carbanions
    • Boutagy, J.; Thomas, R. Olefin synthesis with organic phosphonate carbanions Chem. Rev. 1974, 74, 87-99
    • (1974) Chem. Rev. , vol.74 , pp. 87-99
    • Boutagy, J.1    Thomas, R.2
  • 63
    • 0000531829 scopus 로고
    • The Wittig reaction
    • Maercker, A. The Wittig reaction Org. React. 1965, 14, 270-490
    • (1965) Org. React. , vol.14 , pp. 270-490
    • Maercker, A.1
  • 64
    • 0001848341 scopus 로고
    • The Wittig olefination reaction and modifications involving phosphoryl-stabilised carbanions. Stereochemistry, mechanism and selected synthetic aspects
    • Maryanoff, B. E.; Reitz, A. B. The Wittig olefination reaction and modifications involving phosphoryl-stabilised carbanions. Stereochemistry, mechanism and selected synthetic aspects Chem. Rev. 1989, 89, 863-927
    • (1989) Chem. Rev. , vol.89 , pp. 863-927
    • Maryanoff, B.E.1    Reitz, A.B.2
  • 65
    • 0001790298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asymmetric aldol reactions using boron
    • Cowden, C. J.; Paterson, I. Asymmetric aldol reactions using boron Org. React. 1997, 51, 1-200
    • (1997) Org. React. , vol.51 , pp. 1-200
    • Cowden, C.J.1    Paterson, I.2
  • 66
    • 35348861428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enantioselective direct aldol reaction: The blossoming of modern organocatalysis
    • DOI 10.1016/j.tetasy.2007.09.025, PII S0957416607006805
    • Guillena, G.; Najera, C.; Ramon, D. J. Enantioselective direct aldol reaction: the blossoming of modern organocatalysis Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 2007, 18, 2249-2293 (Pubitemid 47576631)
    • (2007) Tetrahedron Asymmetry , vol.18 , Issue.19 , pp. 2249-2293
    • Guillena, G.1    Najera, C.2    Ramon, D.J.3
  • 67
    • 0000145196 scopus 로고
    • The directed aldol reaction
    • Mukaiyama, T. The directed aldol reaction Org. React. 1982, 203-331
    • (1982) Org. React. , pp. 203-331
    • Mukaiyama, T.1
  • 68
    • 0037016618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The aldol addition reaction: An old transformation at constant rebirth
    • DOI 10.100 2/1521-37 65(200 20104)8:1<36::A ID-CHEM 36>3.0.CO;2-L
    • Palomo, C.; Oiarbide, M.; Garcia, J. M. The aldol addition reaction: and old transformation at constant rebirth Chem.-Eur. J. 2002, 8, 36-44 (Pubitemid 34087365)
    • (2002) Chemistry - A European Journal , vol.8 , Issue.1 , pp. 36-44
    • Palomo, C.1    Oiarbide, M.2    Garcia, J.M.3
  • 69
    • 33845219123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modern aldol methods for the total synthesis of polyketides
    • DOI 10.1002/anie.200602780
    • Schetter, B.; Mahrwald, R. Modern aldol methods for the total synthesis of polyketides Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 7506-7525 (Pubitemid 44851671)
    • (2006) Angewandte Chemie - International Edition , vol.45 , Issue.45 , pp. 7506-7525
    • Schetter, B.1    Mahrwald, R.2
  • 70
    • 77951529935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The direct catalytic asymmetric aldol reaction
    • Trost, B. M.; Brindle, C. S. The direct catalytic asymmetric aldol reaction Chem. Soc. Rev. 2010, 39, 1600-1632
    • (2010) Chem. Soc. Rev. , vol.39 , pp. 1600-1632
    • Trost, B.M.1    Brindle, C.S.2
  • 73
    • 38149094270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thiol-based angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibitors: P1 modifications for the exploration of the S1 subsite
    • Deaton, D. N.; Gao, E. N.; Graham, K. P.; Gross, J. W.; Miller, A. B.; Strelow, J. M. Thiol-based angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibitors: P1 modifications for the exploration of the S1 subsite Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2008, 18, 732-737
    • (2008) Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. , vol.18 , pp. 732-737
    • Deaton, D.N.1    Gao, E.N.2    Graham, K.P.3    Gross, J.W.4    Miller, A.B.5    Strelow, J.M.6
  • 74
    • 21844479265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unfolding and breakdown of insulin in the presence of endogenous thiols
    • DOI 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.06.010, PII S0014579305007209
    • Jiang, C.; Chang, J.-Y. Unfolding and breakdown of insulin in the presence of endogenous thiols FEBS Lett. 2005, 579, 3927-3931 (Pubitemid 40961890)
    • (2005) FEBS Letters , vol.579 , Issue.18 , pp. 3927-3931
    • Jiang, C.1    Chang, J.-Y.2
  • 75
    • 0000702671 scopus 로고
    • Palladium-catalyzed vinylation of organic halides
    • Heck, R. F. Palladium-catalyzed vinylation of organic halides Org. React. 1982, 27, 345-390
    • (1982) Org. React. , vol.27 , pp. 345-390
    • Heck, R.F.1
  • 76
    • 57149146435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design and development of arrayable syntheses to accelerate SAR studies of pyridopyrimidinone and pyrimidopyrimidinone
    • Wan, Z.; Yan, H.; Hall, R. F.; Lin, X.; Livia, S.; Respondek, T.; Widdowson, K. L.; Zhu, C.; Callahan, J. F. Design and development of arrayable syntheses to accelerate SAR studies of pyridopyrimidinone and pyrimidopyrimidinone Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 370-372
    • (2009) Tetrahedron Lett. , vol.50 , pp. 370-372
    • Wan, Z.1    Yan, H.2    Hall, R.F.3    Lin, X.4    Livia, S.5    Respondek, T.6    Widdowson, K.L.7    Zhu, C.8    Callahan, J.F.9
  • 77
    • 33846256288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An improved and highly convergent synthesis of 4-substituted-pyrido[2,3- d]pyrimidin-7-ones
    • DOI 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.12.064, PII S0040403906025135
    • Yan, H.; Boehm, J. C.; Jin, Q.; Kasparec, J.; Li, H.; Zhu, C.; Widdowson, K. L.; Callahan, J. F.; Wan, Z. An improved and highly convergent synthesis of 4-substituted-pyrido[2.3- d ]pyrimidin-7-ones Tetrahedron Lett. 2007, 48, 1205-1207 (Pubitemid 46097041)
    • (2007) Tetrahedron Letters , vol.48 , Issue.7 , pp. 1205-1207
    • Yan, H.1    Boehm, J.C.2    Jin, Q.3    Kasparec, J.4    Li, H.5    Zhu, C.6    Widdowson, K.L.7    Callahan, J.F.8    Wan, Z.9
  • 80
    • 79957750056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The authors have heard various figures mentioned in conference presentations and other discussions but never with supporting data or citations.
    • The authors have heard various figures mentioned in conference presentations and other discussions but never with supporting data or citations.
  • 81
    • 79851514554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of aromatic ring count on compound developability: Further insights by examining carbo- and hetero-aromatic and -aliphatic ring types
    • Ritchie, T. J.; Macdonald, S. J. F.; Young, R. J.; Pickett, S. D. The impact of aromatic ring count on compound developability: further insights by examining carbo- and hetero-aromatic and -aliphatic ring types Drug Discovery Today 2011, 16, 164-171
    • (2011) Drug Discovery Today , vol.16 , pp. 164-171
    • Ritchie, T.J.1    MacDonald, S.J.F.2    Young, R.J.3    Pickett, S.D.4
  • 82
    • 0025776871 scopus 로고
    • Prediction of mammalian toxicity by quantitative structure-activity relationships: Aliphatic amines and anilines
    • Jaeckel, H.; Klein, W. Prediction of mammalian toxicity by quantitative structure-activity relationships: aliphatic amines and anilines Quant. Struct.-Act. Relat. 1991, 10, 198-204
    • (1991) Quant. Struct.-Act. Relat. , vol.10 , pp. 198-204
    • Jaeckel, H.1    Klein, W.2
  • 83
    • 0028947612 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of oxidative amine dealkylation of substituted N, N -dimethylanilines by cytochrome P-450: Application of isotope effect profiles
    • Karki, S. B.; Dinnocenzo, J. P.; Jones, J. P.; Korzekwa, K. R. Mechanism of oxidative amine dealkylation of substituted N, N -dimethylanilines by cytochrome P-450: application of isotope effect profiles J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 3657-3664
    • (1995) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.117 , pp. 3657-3664
    • Karki, S.B.1    Dinnocenzo, J.P.2    Jones, J.P.3    Korzekwa, K.R.4
  • 84
    • 0026343846 scopus 로고
    • Bioconcentration, metabolism and toxicity of substituted anilines in the zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio)
    • Zok, S.; Görge, G.; Kalsch, W.; Nagel, R. Bioconcentration, metabolism and toxicity of substituted anilines in the zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio) Sci. Total Environ. 1991, 109-110, 411-421
    • (1991) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.109-110 , pp. 411-421
    • Zok, S.1    Görge, G.2    Kalsch, W.3    Nagel, R.4
  • 85
    • 33751313329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Knowledge-based chemoinformatic approaches to drug discovery
    • DOI 10.1016/j.drudis.2006.10.012, PII S1359644606004338
    • Ghose, A. K.; Herbertz, T.; Salvino, J. M.; Mallamo, J. P. Knowledge-based chemoinformatic approaches to drug discovery Drug Discovery Today 2006, 11, 1107-1114 (Pubitemid 44803112)
    • (2006) Drug Discovery Today , vol.11 , Issue.23-24 , pp. 1107-1114
    • Ghose, A.K.1    Herbertz, T.2    Salvino, J.M.3    Mallamo, J.P.4
  • 86
    • 61649114657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinase-targeted libraries: The design and synthesis of novel, potent, and selective kinase inhibitors
    • Akritopoulou-Zanze, I.; Hajduk, P. J. Kinase-targeted libraries: the design and synthesis of novel, potent, and selective kinase inhibitors Drug Discovery Today 2009, 14, 291-297
    • (2009) Drug Discovery Today , vol.14 , pp. 291-297
    • Akritopoulou-Zanze, I.1    Hajduk, P.J.2
  • 90
    • 53349103021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design and synthesis of reboxetine analogs morpholine derivatives as selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
    • Xu, W.; Gray, D. L.; Glase, S. A.; Barta, N. S. Design and synthesis of reboxetine analogs morpholine derivatives as selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2008, 18, 5550-5553
    • (2008) Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. , vol.18 , pp. 5550-5553
    • Xu, W.1    Gray, D.L.2    Glase, S.A.3    Barta, N.S.4
  • 91
    • 38349102165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1-(2-Phenoxyphenyl)methanamines: SAR for dual serotonin/noradrenaline reuptake inhibition, metabolic stability and hERG affinity
    • Whitlock, G. A.; Blagg, J.; Fish, P. V. 1-(2-Phenoxyphenyl)methanamines: SAR for dual serotonin/noradrenaline reuptake inhibition, metabolic stability and hERG affinity Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2008, 18, 596-599
    • (2008) Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. , vol.18 , pp. 596-599
    • Whitlock, G.A.1    Blagg, J.2    Fish, P.V.3
  • 93
    • 55549094036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative structure-activity relationship of phenoxyphenyl-methanamine compounds with 5HT2A, SERT and hERG activities
    • Mente, S.; Gallaschun, R.; Schmidt, A.; Lebel, L.; Vanase-Frawley, M.; Fliri, A. Quantitative structure-activity relationship of phenoxyphenyl- methanamine compounds with 5HT2A, SERT and hERG activities Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2008, 18, 6088-6092
    • (2008) Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. , vol.18 , pp. 6088-6092
    • Mente, S.1    Gallaschun, R.2    Schmidt, A.3    Lebel, L.4    Vanase-Frawley, M.5    Fliri, A.6
  • 94
    • 40749102445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [4-(Phenoxy)pyridin-3-yl]methylamines: A new class of selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors
    • DOI 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.02.036, PII S0960894X08002187
    • Fish, P. V.; Ryckmans, T.; Stobie, A.; Wakenhut, F. [4-(Phenoxy)pyridin- 3-yl]methylamines: a new class of selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2008, 18, 1795-1798 (Pubitemid 351380914)
    • (2008) Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters , vol.18 , Issue.6 , pp. 1795-1798
    • Fish, P.V.1    Ryckmans, T.2    Stobie, A.3    Wakenhut, F.4
  • 95
    • 42949142178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pyridyl-phenyl ether monoamine reuptake inhibitors: Impact of lipophilicity on dual SNRI pharmacology and off-target promiscuity
    • DOI 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.03.082, PII S0960894X08003673
    • Whitlock, G. A.; Fish, P. V.; Fary, M. J.; Stobie, A.; Wakenhut, F. Pyridyl-phenyl ether monoamine reuptake inhibitors: impact of lipophilicity on dual SNRI pharmacology and off-target promiscuity Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2008, 18, 2896-2899 (Pubitemid 351608879)
    • (2008) Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters , vol.18 , Issue.9 , pp. 2896-2899
    • Whitlock, G.A.1    Fish, P.V.2    Fray, M.J.3    Stobie, A.4    Wakenhut, F.5
  • 105
    • 40749093598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure-activity study of 2,3-benzodiazepin-4-ones noncompetitive AMPAR antagonists: Identification of the 1-(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)-3,5-dihydro-7,8- ethylenedioxy-4H-2,3-benzodiazepin-4-one as neuroprotective agent
    • DOI 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.11.080, PII S0968089607010486
    • Micale, N.; Colleoni, S.; Postorino, G.; Pellicanò, A.; Zappalà, M.; Lazzaro, J.; Diana, V.; Cagnotto, A.; Mennini, T.; Grasso, S. Structure-activity study of 2,3-benzodiazepin-4-ones noncompetitive AMPAR antagonists: identification of the 1-(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)-3,5-dihydro-7,8- ethylenedioxy-4 H -2,3-benzodiazepin-4-one as neuroprotective agent Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2008, 16, 2200-2211 (Pubitemid 351380956)
    • (2008) Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry , vol.16 , Issue.5 , pp. 2200-2211
    • Micale, N.1    Colleoni, S.2    Postorino, G.3    Pellicano, A.4    Zappala, M.5    Lazzaro, J.6    Diana, V.7    Cagnotto, A.8    Mennini, T.9    Grasso, S.10
  • 114
    • 79957689541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • With 23 heteroaromatic rings and benzene exemplified within the data set, even without the possibility of different fusion bond isomers, there are 24 ? - 24 = 576 possible ring types (comprising 64 6,6-fused, 256 5,5-fused, and 128 6,5-fused systems). Fusion isomers increase this figure dramatically (for example, the relatively symmetrical pyridine and pyrrole pairing can generate seven different fusion isomers).
    • With 23 heteroaromatic rings and benzene exemplified within the data set, even without the possibility of different fusion bond isomers, there are 24 ? - 24 = 576 possible ring types (comprising 64 6,6-fused, 256 5,5-fused, and 128 6,5-fused systems). Fusion isomers increase this figure dramatically (for example, the relatively symmetrical pyridine and pyrrole pairing can generate seven different fusion isomers).
  • 115
    • 0037479976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug rings database with Web interface. A tool for identifying alternative chemical rings in lead discovery programs
    • DOI 10.1021/jm0300429
    • Lewell, X. Q.; Jones, A. C.; Bruce, C. L.; Harper, G.; Jones, M. M.; Mclay, I. M.; Bradshaw, J. Drug rings database with Web interface. A tool for identifying alternative chemical rings in lead discovery programs J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 3257-3274 (Pubitemid 36842410)
    • (2003) Journal of Medicinal Chemistry , vol.46 , Issue.15 , pp. 3257-3274
    • Lewell, X.Q.1    Jones, A.C.2    Bruce, C.L.3    Harper, G.4    Jones, M.M.5    McLay, I.M.6    Bradshaw, J.7
  • 116
    • 33645412367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kinase patent space visualisation using chemical replacements
    • Southall, N. T.; Ajay Kinase patent space visualisation using chemical replacements J. Med. Chem. 2006, 49, 2103-2109
    • (2006) J. Med. Chem. , vol.49 , pp. 2103-2109
    • Southall, N.T.1    Ajay2
  • 119
    • 38149094270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1′ subsite
    • DOI 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.01.046, PII S0960894X08000619
    • Deaton, D. N.; Graham, K. P.; Gross, J. W.; Miller, A. B. Thiol-based angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibitors: P1′ modifications for the exploration of the S1′ subsite Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2008, 18, 1681-1687 (Pubitemid 351318237)
    • (2008) Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters , vol.18 , Issue.5 , pp. 1681-1687
    • Deaton, D.N.1    Graham, K.P.2    Gross, J.W.3    Miller, A.B.4
  • 121
    • 38149016915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding organofluorine chemistry. An introduction to the C-F bond
    • O?Hagan, D. Understanding organofluorine chemistry. An introduction to the C-F bond Chem. Soc. Rev. 2008, 37, 308-319
    • (2008) Chem. Soc. Rev. , vol.37 , pp. 308-319
    • Ohagan, D.1
  • 122
    • 77957819229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of fluorine in the discovery and optimization of CNS agents: Modulation of drug-like properties
    • Hodgetts, K. J.; Combs, K. J.; Elder, A. M.; Harriman, G. C. The role of fluorine in the discovery and optimization of CNS agents: modulation of drug-like properties Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 2010, 45, 429-448
    • (2010) Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. , vol.45 , pp. 429-448
    • Hodgetts, K.J.1    Combs, K.J.2    Elder, A.M.3    Harriman, G.C.4
  • 123
    • 77953631827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A medicinal chemist's guide to molecular interactions
    • Bissantz, C.; Kuhn, B.; Stahl, M. A medicinal chemist's guide to molecular interactions J. Med. Chem. 2010, 53, 5061-5084
    • (2010) J. Med. Chem. , vol.53 , pp. 5061-5084
    • Bissantz, C.1    Kuhn, B.2    Stahl, M.3
  • 124
    • 77958514569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3: Preparation of gem-difluoroalkenes and trifluoromethyl compounds
    • 3: preparation of gem-difluoroalkenes and trifluoromethyl compounds Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 6150-6152
    • (2010) Tetrahedron Lett. , vol.51 , pp. 6150-6152
    • Zhu, L.1    Li, Y.2    Zhao, Y.3    Hu, J.4
  • 125
    • 67650311641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of fluorination methods using continuous-flow microreactors
    • Baumann, M.; Baxendale, I. R.; Martin, L. J.; Ley, S. V. Development of fluorination methods using continuous-flow microreactors Tetrahedron 2009, 65, 6611-6625
    • (2009) Tetrahedron , vol.65 , pp. 6611-6625
    • Baumann, M.1    Baxendale, I.R.2    Martin, L.J.3    Ley, S.V.4
  • 126
    • 57149137882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A general route for constructing difluoromethyl ethers
    • Hagooly, Y.; Cohen, O.; Rozen, S. A general route for constructing difluoromethyl ethers Tetrahedron Lett. 2009, 50, 392-394
    • (2009) Tetrahedron Lett. , vol.50 , pp. 392-394
    • Hagooly, Y.1    Cohen, O.2    Rozen, S.3
  • 128
  • 129
    • 74449088877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Halogen-water-hydrogen bridges in biomolecules
    • Zhou, P.; Lv, J.; Zou, J.; Tian, F.; Shang, Z. Halogen-water-hydrogen bridges in biomolecules J. Struct. Biol. 2010, 169, 172-182
    • (2010) J. Struct. Biol. , vol.169 , pp. 172-182
    • Zhou, P.1    Lv, J.2    Zou, J.3    Tian, F.4    Shang, Z.5
  • 130
    • 77950789591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Halogens atoms in the modern medicinal chemistry: Hints for the drug design
    • Hernandes, M. Z.; Cavalcanti, S. M. T.; Moreira, D. R. M. Halogens atoms in the modern medicinal chemistry: hints for the drug design Curr. Drug. Targets 2010, 11, 303-314
    • (2010) Curr. Drug. Targets , vol.11 , pp. 303-314
    • Hernandes, M.Z.1    Cavalcanti, S.M.T.2    Moreira, D.R.M.3
  • 134
    • 79957745014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein Data Bank (PDB). (accessed Feb 13).
    • Protein Data Bank (PDB). http://www.rcsb.org/ (accessed Feb 13, 2011).
    • (2011)
  • 136
    • 79957757447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Note that this figure, being almost twice the total number of reactions (7315) in our data set, reflects the general approach of building a common scaffold, which is subsequently used to prepare multiple analogues.
    • Note that this figure, being almost twice the total number of reactions (7315) in our data set, reflects the general approach of building a common scaffold, which is subsequently used to prepare multiple analogues.
  • 137
    • 79957708189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manual inspection revealed a further 339 compounds containing 1 (315 compounds) or 2 (34 compounds) undefined or only partially defined stereocenters, a total of 383 additional stereocenters. Many of these were the result of the addition of simple substituents (Me, OH, OMe, etc.) to prochiral centers or from a small number of scaffolds with a racemic center. Presumably, the vast majority of these were not deemed of sufficient interest to invest in asymmetric synthesis or resolution.
    • Manual inspection revealed a further 339 compounds containing 1 (315 compounds) or 2 (34 compounds) undefined or only partially defined stereocenters, a total of 383 additional stereocenters. Many of these were the result of the addition of simple substituents (Me, OH, OMe, etc.) to prochiral centers or from a small number of scaffolds with a racemic center. Presumably, the vast majority of these were not deemed of sufficient interest to invest in asymmetric synthesis or resolution.
  • 138
    • 79957785762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • While Lipinski's rules relate to oral absorption, in most cases no intended dose route was identified in many of the papers examined. We assume for the purposes of this analysis that oral dosing would be the desired "gold standard".
    • While Lipinski's rules relate to oral absorption, in most cases no intended dose route was identified in many of the papers examined. We assume for the purposes of this analysis that oral dosing would be the desired "gold standard".
  • 139
    • 79957774399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipinski notes in ref 7 the importance of their goal of generating simple parameters that are easily accessible to medicinal chemists using their pattern recognition skills.
    • Lipinski notes in ref 7 the importance of their goal of generating simple parameters that are easily accessible to medicinal chemists using their pattern recognition skills.
  • 141
    • 79955575780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rule of five for non-oral routes of drug delivery: Ophthalmic, inhalation and transdermal
    • Choy, Y.-B.; Prausnitz, M. R. The rule of five for non-oral routes of drug delivery: ophthalmic, inhalation and transdermal Pharm. Res. 2011, 28, 943-948
    • (2011) Pharm. Res. , vol.28 , pp. 943-948
    • Choy, Y.-B.1    Prausnitz, M.R.2
  • 142
    • 2942625954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compound lipophilicity for substrate binding to human P450s in drug metabolism
    • DOI 10.1016/S1359-6446(04)03115-0, PII S1359644604031150
    • Lewis, D. F. V.; Jacobs, M. N.; Dickins, M. Compound lipophilicity for substrate binding to human P450s in drug metabolism Drug Discovery Today 2004, 9, 530-537 (Pubitemid 38739334)
    • (2004) Drug Discovery Today , vol.9 , Issue.12 , pp. 530-537
    • Lewis, D.F.V.1    Jacobs, M.N.2    Dickins, M.3
  • 143
    • 33847336843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A quantitative assessment of hERG liability as a function of lipophilicity
    • Waring, M. J.; Johnstone, C. A quantitative assessment of hERG liability as a function of lipophilicity Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2007, 17, 1759-1764
    • (2007) Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. , vol.17 , pp. 1759-1764
    • Waring, M.J.1    Johnstone, C.2
  • 145
    • 39749181550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generation of a set of simple, interpretable ADMET rules of thumb
    • DOI 10.1021/jm701122q
    • Gleeson, M. P. Generation of a set of simple, interpretable ADMET rules of thumb J. Med. Chem. 2008, 51, 817-834 (Pubitemid 351304691)
    • (2008) Journal of Medicinal Chemistry , vol.51 , Issue.4 , pp. 817-834
    • Gleeson, M.P.1
  • 146
    • 68149129503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ADMET rules of thumb II: A comparison of the effects of common substituents on a range of ADMET parameters
    • Gleeson, P.; Bravi, G.; Modi, S.; Lowe, D. ADMET rules of thumb II: a comparison of the effects of common substituents on a range of ADMET parameters Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2009, 17, 5906-5919
    • (2009) Bioorg. Med. Chem. , vol.17 , pp. 5906-5919
    • Gleeson, P.1    Bravi, G.2    Modi, S.3    Lowe, D.4
  • 147
    • 35748934487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of drug-like concepts on decision-making in medicinal chemistry
    • DOI 10.1038/nrd2445, PII NRD2445
    • Leeson, P. D.; Springthorpe, B. The influence of drug-like concepts on decision-making in medicinal chemistry Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery 2007, 6, 881-890 (Pubitemid 350042396)
    • (2007) Nature Reviews Drug Discovery , vol.6 , Issue.11 , pp. 881-890
    • Leeson, P.D.1    Springthorpe, B.2
  • 148
    • 77957806868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing the risk of drug attrition associated with physicochemical properties
    • Leeson, P. D.; Empfield, J. R. Reducing the risk of drug attrition associated with physicochemical properties Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 2010, 45, 393-407
    • (2010) Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. , vol.45 , pp. 393-407
    • Leeson, P.D.1    Empfield, J.R.2
  • 149
    • 68149160053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physicochemical drug properties associated with in vivo toxicological outcomes: A review
    • Price, D. A.; Blagg, J.; Jones, L.; Greene, N.; Wager, T. Physicochemical drug properties associated with in vivo toxicological outcomes: a review Expert Opin. Drug Metab. Toxicol. 2009, 5, 921-931
    • (2009) Expert Opin. Drug Metab. Toxicol. , vol.5 , pp. 921-931
    • Price, D.A.1    Blagg, J.2    Jones, L.3    Greene, N.4    Wager, T.5
  • 150
    • 77749315417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipophilicity in drug discovery
    • Waring, M. J. Lipophilicity in drug discovery Expert Opin Drug Discovery 2010, 5, 235-248
    • (2010) Expert Opin Drug Discovery , vol.5 , pp. 235-248
    • Waring, M.J.1
  • 151
    • 79957729912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2010-Richard F. Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi, Akira Suzuki, "For Palladium-Catalyzed Cross Couplings in Organic Synthesis". (accessed Feb 7).
    • The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2010-Richard F. Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi, Akira Suzuki, "For Palladium-Catalyzed Cross Couplings in Organic Synthesis". http://nobelprize.org/nobel-prizes/chemistry/laureates/2010/ (accessed Feb 7, 2011).
    • (2011)
  • 153
    • 77952810921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent applications of microwave irradiation to medicinal chemistry
    • Alcazar, J.; Oehrlich, D. Recent applications of microwave irradiation to medicinal chemistry Future Med. Chem. 2010, 2, 169-176
    • (2010) Future Med. Chem. , vol.2 , pp. 169-176
    • Alcazar, J.1    Oehrlich, D.2
  • 154
    • 33644853780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of microwave synthesis on drug discovery
    • Kappe, O. C.; Dallinger, D. The impact of microwave synthesis on drug discovery Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery 2006, 5, 51-63
    • (2006) Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery , vol.5 , pp. 51-63
    • Kappe, O.C.1    Dallinger, D.2
  • 155
    • 33644860349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of microwave-assisted organic synthesis in drug discovery
    • DOI 10.1016/S1359-6446(05)03695-0, PII S1359644605036950
    • Mavandadi, F.; Pilotti, A. The impact of microwave-assisted organic synthesis in drug discovery Drug Discovery Today 2006, 11, 165-174 (Pubitemid 43375968)
    • (2006) Drug Discovery Today , vol.11 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 165-174
    • Mavandadi, F.1    Pilotti, A.2
  • 157
    • 33847207463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advanced organic synthesis using microreactor technology
    • Ahmed-Omer, B.; Brandt, J. C.; Wirth, T. Advanced organic synthesis using microreactor technology Org. Biomol. Chem. 2007, 5, 733-740
    • (2007) Org. Biomol. Chem. , vol.5 , pp. 733-740
    • Ahmed-Omer, B.1    Brandt, J.C.2    Wirth, T.3
  • 158
    • 34447109277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Greener approaches to organic synthesis using microreactor technology
    • DOI 10.1021/cr050944c
    • Mason, B. P.; Price, K. E.; Steinbacher, J. L.; Bogdan, A. R.; McQuade, D. T. Greener approaches to organic synthesis using microreactor technology Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 2300-2318 (Pubitemid 47029095)
    • (2007) Chemical Reviews , vol.107 , Issue.6 , pp. 2300-2318
    • Mason, B.P.1    Price, K.E.2    Steinbacher, J.L.3    Bogdan, A.R.4    McQuade, T.D.5
  • 159
    • 47249159829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flow reactos for drug discovery flow for reaction optimization, library synthesis and scale up
    • Jones, R. V.; Csajabi, C.; Szekelyhidi, Z.; Kovacs, I.; Borcsek, B.; Urge, L.; Darvas, F. Flow reactos for drug discovery flow for reaction optimization, library synthesis and scale up Chim. Oggi 2008, 26, 10-12
    • (2008) Chim. Oggi , vol.26 , pp. 10-12
    • Jones, R.V.1    Csajabi, C.2    Szekelyhidi, Z.3    Kovacs, I.4    Borcsek, B.5    Urge, L.6    Darvas, F.7
  • 160
    • 36549014704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving chemical synthesis using flow reactors
    • DOI 10.1517/17460441.2.11.1487
    • Wiles, C.; Watts, P. Improving chemical synthesis using flow reactors Expert Opin Drug Discovery 2007, 2, 1487-1503 (Pubitemid 350186601)
    • (2007) Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery , vol.2 , Issue.11 , pp. 1487-1503
    • Wiles, C.1    Watts, P.2
  • 161
    • 77955099918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced chemical synthesis in flow reactors
    • Wiles, C.; Watts, P. Enhanced chemical synthesis in flow reactors Chim. Oggi 2009, 27, 34-36
    • (2009) Chim. Oggi , vol.27 , pp. 34-36
    • Wiles, C.1    Watts, P.2
  • 162
    • 79955023104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deal watch: Valuation benefits of structure-enabled drug discovery
    • Borshell, N.; Papp, T.; Congreve, M. Deal watch: valuation benefits of structure-enabled drug discovery Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery 2011, 10, 166
    • (2011) Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery , vol.10 , pp. 166
    • Borshell, N.1    Papp, T.2    Congreve, M.3
  • 163
    • 40049110428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug approvals and failures: Implications for alliances
    • DOI 10.1038/nrd2531, PII NRD2531
    • Czerepak, E. A.; Ryser, S. Drug approvals and failures: implications for alliances Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery 2008, 7, 197-198 (Pubitemid 351321230)
    • (2008) Nature Reviews Drug Discovery , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 197-198
    • Czerepak, E.A.1    Ryser, S.2
  • 164
    • 4344645978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can the pharmaceutical industry reduce attrition rates?
    • Kola, I.; Landis, J. Can the pharmaceutical industry reduce attrition rates? Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery 2004, 3, 711-715 (Pubitemid 39173511)
    • (2004) Nature Reviews Drug Discovery , vol.3 , Issue.8 , pp. 711-715
    • Kola, I.1    Landis, J.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.