Dendritic cell subsets as vectors and targets for improved cancer therapy

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology

Volumn 344, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 173-192

  Palucka, Karolina ^a,b   Ueno, Hideki ^a   Roberts, Lee ^a   Fay, Joseph ^b   Banchereau, Jacques ^a,c  

^a BAYLOR INSTITUTE FOR IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH   (United States)

^b MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c BAYLOR UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPHA INTERFERON; CD1 ANTIGEN; CD14 ANTIGEN; GAMMA INTERFERON; GRANULOCYTE MACROPHAGE COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR; IMIQUIMOD; INTERLEUKIN 10; INTERLEUKIN 12; INTERLEUKIN 13; INTERLEUKIN 15; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; INTERLEUKIN 3; INTERLEUKIN 4; INTERLEUKIN 6; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 1; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 2; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; CANCER VACCINE; TUMOR ANTIGEN;

ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; ANTIBODY RESPONSE; ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; BASAL CELL CARCINOMA; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER IMMUNIZATION; CANCER PROGNOSIS; CANCER STEM CELL; CANCER THERAPY; CARCINOGENESIS; CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTE; CD8+ T LYMPHOCYTE; CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; CYTOKINE RELEASE; DENDRITIC CELL; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG TARGETING; HEAD AND NECK CANCER; HUMAN; IMMUNOGENICITY; IMMUNOMODULATION; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; INFECTION PREVENTION; LANGERHANS CELL; LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION; LYMPHOCYTE PROLIFERATION; LYMPHOCYTE SUBPOPULATION; MELANOMA; METASTASIS; NONHUMAN; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PLASMACYTOID DENDRITIC CELL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROCESS OPTIMIZATION; PROTEIN TARGETING; REGULATORY T LYMPHOCYTE; TARGET CELL; TREATMENT RESPONSE; TUMOR ASSOCIATED LEUKOCYTE; TUMOR IMMUNITY; TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT; VACCINE PRODUCTION; IMMUNOLOGY; NEOPLASM; REVIEW; VACCINATION;

ANTIGENS, NEOPLASM; CANCER VACCINES; DENDRITIC CELLS; HUMANS; NEOPLASMS; VACCINATION;

EID: 79953739533     PISSN: 0070217X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/82-2010-48     Document Type: Article

References (128)

1. Akbari O, DeKruyff RH, Umetsu DT (2001) Pulmonary dendritic cells producing IL-10 mediate tolerance induced by respiratory exposure to antigen. Nat Immunol 2:725-731 (Pubitemid 32747162)
2. Albert ML, Darnell JC, Bender A, Francisco LM, Bhardwaj N, Darnell RB (1998) Tumor-specific killer cells in paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. Nat Med 4:1321-1324 (Pubitemid 28512116)
3. Andrews DM, Maraskovsky E, Smyth MJ (2008) Cancer vaccines for established cancer: how to make them better? Immunol Rev 222:242-255 (Pubitemid 351430374)
4. Appay V, Douek DC, Price DA (2008) CD8+ T cell efficacy in vaccination and disease. Nat Med 14:623-628 (Pubitemid 351809548)
5. Aspord C, Pedroza-Gonzalez A, Gallegos M, Tindle S, Burton EC, Su D, Marches F, Banchereau J, Palucka AK (2007) Breast cancer instructs dendritic cells to prime interleukin 13-secreting CD4+ T cells that facilitate tumor development. J Exp Med 204:1037-1047 (Pubitemid 46798148)
6. Bahlis NJ, King AM, Kolonias D, Carlson LM, Liu HY, Hussein MA, Terebelo HR, Byrne GE Jr., Levine BL, Boise LH, Lee KP (2007) CD28-mediated regulation of multiple myeloma cell proliferation and survival. Blood 109:5002-5010 (Pubitemid 46827800)
7. Banchereau J, SteinmanRM(1998) Dendritic cells and the control of immunity. Nature 392:245-252 (Pubitemid 28155090)
8. Batista FD, Harwood NE (2009) The who, how and where of antigen presentation to B cells. Nat Rev Immunol 9:15-27
9. Beckman EM, Porcelli SA, Morita CT, Behar SM, Furlong ST, Brenner MB (1994) Recognition of a lipid antigen by CD1-restricted alpha beta+ T cells. Nature 372:691-694
10. Bell D, Chomarat P, Broyles D, Netto G, Harb GM, Lebecque S, Valladeau J, Davoust J, Palucka KA, Banchereau J (1999) In breast carcinoma tissue, immature dendritic cells reside within the tumor, whereas mature dendritic cells are located in peritumoral areas. J Exp Med 190:1417-1426
11. Berard F, Blanco P, Davoust J, Neidhart-Berard EM, Nouri-Shirazi M, Taquet N, Rimoldi D, Cerottini JC, Banchereau J, Palucka AK (2000) Cross-priming of naive CD8 T cells against melanoma antigens using dendritic cells loaded with killed allogeneic melanoma cells. J Exp Med 192:1535-1544
12. Bergtold A, Desai DD, Gavhane A, Clynes R (2005) Cell surface recycling of internalized antigen permits dendritic cell priming of B cells. Immunity 23:503-514 (Pubitemid 41587890)
13. Berzofsky JA, Terabe M (2008) A novel immunoregulatory axis of NKT cell subsets regulating tumor immunity. Cancer Immunol Immunother 57:1679-1683
14. Boissonnas A, Scholer-Dahirel A, Simon-Blancal V, Pace L, Valet F, Kissenpfennig A, Sparwasser T, Malissen B, Fetler L, Amigorena S (2010) Foxp3(+) T cells induce perforin-dependent dendritic cell death in tumor-draining lymph nodes. Immunity 32:266-278
15. Bonifaz L, Bonnyay D, Mahnke K, Rivera M, Nussenzweig MC, Steinman RM (2002) Efficient targeting of protein antigen to the dendritic cell receptor DEC-205 in the steady state leads to antigen presentation on major histocompatibility complex class I products and peripheral CD8+ T cell tolerance. J Exp Med 196:1627-1638 (Pubitemid 36026474)
16. Bonifaz LC, Bonnyay DP, Charalambous A, Darguste DI, Fujii S, Soares H, Brimnes MK, Moltedo B, Moran TM, Steinman RM (2004) In vivo targeting of antigens to maturing dendritic cells via the DEC-205 receptor improves T cell vaccination. J Exp Med 199:815-824 (Pubitemid 38375201)
17. Boon T, Coulie PG, Van den Eynde BJ, van der Bruggen P (2006) Human T cell responses against melanoma. Annu Rev Immunol 24:175-208
18. Brimnes MK, Bonifaz L, Steinman RM, Moran TM (2003) Influenza virus-induced dendritic cell maturation is associated with the induction of strong T cell immunity to a coadministered, normally nonimmunogenic protein. J Exp Med 198:133-144 (Pubitemid 36870193)
19. Butterfield LH, Disis ML, Fox BA, Lee PP, Khleif SN, Thurin M, Trinchieri G, Wang E, Wigginton J, Chaussabel D, Coukos G, Dhodapkar M, Hakansson L, Janetzki S, Kleen TO, Kirkwood JM, Maccalli C, Maecker H, Maio M, Malyguine A, Masucci G, Palucka AK, Potter DM, Ribas A, Rivoltini L, Schendel D, Seliger B, Selvan S, Slingluff CL Jr., Stroncek DF, Streicher H, Wu X, Zeskind B, Zhao Y, Zocca MB, Zwierzina H, Marincola FM (2008) A systematic approach to biomarker discovery; preamble to "the iSBTc-FDA taskforce on immunotherapy biomarkers". J Transl Med 6:81
20. Caminschi I, Lahoud MH, Shortman K (2009) Enhancing immune responses by targeting antigen to DC. Eur J Immunol 39:931-938
21. Cao W, Bover L, Cho M, Wen X, Hanabuchi S, Bao M, Rosen DB, Wang YH, Shaw JL, Du Q, Li C, Arai N, Yao Z, Lanier LL, Liu YJ (2009) Regulation of TLR7/9 responses in plasmacytoid dendritic cells by BST2 and ILT7 receptor interaction. J Exp Med 206:1603-1614
22. Caux C, Massacrier C, Vanbervliet B, Dubois B, Durand I, Cella M, Lanzavecchia A, Banchereau J (1997) CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors from human cord blood differentiate along two independent dendritic cell pathways in response to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor plus tumor necrosis factor alpha: II. Functional analysis. Blood 90:1458-1470 (Pubitemid 27355417)
23. Cheever MA (2008) Twelve immunotherapy drugs that could cure cancers. Immunol Rev 222: 357-368 (Pubitemid 351430366)
24. Coukos G, Benencia F, Buckanovich RJ, Conejo-Garcia JR (2005) The role of dendritic cell precursors in tumour vasculogenesis. Br J Cancer 92:1182-1187 (Pubitemid 40604389)
25. Curiel TJ, Cheng P, Mottram P, Alvarez X, Moons L, Evdemon-Hogan M, Wei S, Zou L, Kryczek I, Hoyle G, Lackner A, Carmeliet P, ZouW(2004) Dendritic cell subsets differentially regulate angiogenesis in human ovarian cancer. Cancer Res 64:5535-5538 (Pubitemid 39095544)
26. Curran MA, Montalvo W, Yagita H, Allison JP (2010) PD-1 and CTLA-4 combination blockade expands infiltrating T cells and reduces regulatory T and myeloid cells within B16 melanoma tumors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107(9):4275-4280
27. Darnell RB (1996) Onconeural antigens and the paraneoplastic neurologic disorders: at the intersection of cancer, immunity, and the brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:4529-4536 (Pubitemid 26162796)
28. Day CL, Kaufmann DE, Kiepiela P, Brown JA, Moodley ES, Reddy S, Mackey EW, Miller JD, Leslie AJ, DePierres C, Mncube Z, Duraiswamy J, Zhu B, Eichbaum Q, Altfeld M, Wherry EJ, Coovadia HM, Goulder PJ, Klenerman P, Ahmed R, Freeman GJ, Walker BD (2006) PD-1 expression on HIV-specific T cells is associated with T-cell exhaustion and disease progression. Nature 443:350-354 (Pubitemid 44435155)
29. DeNardo DG, Barreto JB, Andreu P, Vasquez L, Tawfik D, Kolhatkar N, Coussens LM (2009) CD4(+) T cells regulate pulmonary metastasis of mammary carcinomas by enhancing protumor properties of macrophages. Cancer Cell 16:91-102
30. DhodapkarMV(2010) Immunity to stemness genes in human cancer.CurrOpin Immunol 22:245-250
31. Dhodapkar MV, Steinman RM (2002) Antigen-bearing immature dendritic cells induce peptidespecific CD8(+) regulatory T cells in vivo in humans. Blood 100:174-177 (Pubitemid 35177444)
32. Dhodapkar MV, Steinman RM, Krasovsky J, Munz C, Bhardwaj N (2001) Antigen-specific inhibition of effector T cell function in humans after injection of immature dendritic cells. J Exp Med 193:233-238 (Pubitemid 32524454)
33. Di Pucchio T, Chatterjee B, Smed-Sorensen A, Clayton S, Palazzo A,Montes M, Xue Y,Mellman I, Banchereau J, Connolly JE (2008) Direct proteasome- independent cross-presentation of viral antigen by plasmacytoid dendritic cells onmajor histocompatibility complex class I. Nat Immunol 9:551-557 (Pubitemid 351560524)
34. Doherty PC, Turner SJ,Webby RG, Thomas PG(2006) Influenza and the challenge for immunology. Nat Immunol 7:449-455.
35. Dougan M, Dranoff G (2009) Immune therapy for cancer. Annu Rev Immunol 27:83-117
36. Dubsky P, Saito H, Leogier M, Dantin C, Connolly JE, Banchereau J, Palucka AK (2007) IL-15-induced human DC efficiently prime melanoma-specific naive CD8(+) T cells to differentiate into CTL. Eur J Immunol 37:1678-1690 (Pubitemid 46939501)
37. Fairchild PJ, Austyn JM (1990) Thymic dendritic cells: phenotype and function. Int Rev Immunol 6:187-196
38. Fazilleau N, Mark L, McHeyzer-Williams LJ, McHeyzer-Williams MG (2009) Follicular helper T cells: lineage and location. Immunity 30:324-335
39. Finkelman FD, Lees A, Birnbaum R, Gause WC, Morris SC (1996) Dendritic cells can present antigen in vivo in a tolerogenic or immunogenic fashion. J Immunol 157:1406-1414 (Pubitemid 126449077)
40. Flacher V, Douillard P, Ait-Yahia S, Stoitzner P, Clair-Moninot V, Romani N, Saeland S (2008) Expression of langerin/CD207 reveals dendritic cell heterogeneity between inbred mouse strains. Immunology 123:339-347 (Pubitemid 351171198)
41. Flacher V, Sparber F, Tripp CH, Romani N, Stoitzner P (2009) Targeting of epidermal Langerhans cells with antigenic proteins: attempts to harness their properties for immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 58:1137-1147
42. Floyd S, Butler MH, Cremona O, David C, Freyberg Z, Zhang X, Solimena M, Tokunaga A, Ishizu H, Tsutsui K, De Camilli P (1998) Expression of amphiphysin I, an autoantigen of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes, in breast cancer. Mol Med 4:29-39 (Pubitemid 28134330)
43. Fonteneau JF, Gilliet M, Larsson M, Dasilva I, Munz C, Liu YJ, Bhardwaj N (2003) Activation of influenza virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells: a new role for plasmacytoid dendritic cells in adaptive immunity. Blood 101:3520-3526 (Pubitemid 36857937)
44. Fujii S, Shimizu K, Kronenberg M, Steinman RM (2002) Prolonged IFN-gamma-producing NKT response induced with alpha-galactosylceramide-loaded DCs. Nat Immunol 3:867-874
45. Fujita M, Zhu X, Ueda R, Sasaki K, Kohanbash G, Kastenhuber ER, McDonald HA, Gibson GA, Watkins SC, Muthuswamy R, Kalinski P, Okada H (2009) Effective immunotherapy against murine gliomas using type 1 polarizing dendritic cells-significant roles of CXCL10. Cancer Res 69:1587-1595
46. Gabrilovich D (2004) Mechanisms and functional significance of tumour-induced dendritic-cell defects. Nat Rev Immunol 4:941-952 (Pubitemid 39620069)
47. Gabrilovich DI, Nagaraj S (2009) Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as regulators of the immune system. Nat Rev Immunol 9:162-174
48. Gajewski TF (2007) Failure at the effector phase: immune barriers at the level of the melanoma tumor microenvironment. Clin Cancer Res 13:5256-5261 (Pubitemid 47510348)
49. Geissmann F, Manz MG, Jung S, Sieweke MH, Merad M, Ley K (2010) Development of monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Science 327:656-661
50. Giermasz AS, Urban JA, Nakamura Y, Watchmaker P, Cumberland RL, Gooding W, Kalinski P (2009) Type-1 polarized dendritic cells primed for high IL-12 production show enhanced activity as cancer vaccines. Cancer Immunol Immunother 58:1329-1336
51. Gilboa E (1999) The makings of a tumor rejection antigen. Immunity 11:263-270 (Pubitemid 29463234)
52. Gilliet M, Liu Y-J (2002) Generation of human CD8 T regulatory cells by CD40 ligand-activated plasmacytoid dendritic cells. J Exp Med 195:695-704 (Pubitemid 34259715)
53. Harlin H, Meng Y, Peterson AC, Zha Y, Tretiakova M, Slingluff C, McKee M, Gajewski TF (2009) Chemokine expression in melanoma metastases associated with CD8+ T-cell recruitment. Cancer Res 69:3077-3085
54. Hartmann E, Wollenberg B, Rothenfusser S, Wagner M, Wellisch D, Mack B, Giese T, Gires O, Endres S, Hartmann G (2003) Identification and functional analysis of tumor-infiltrating plasmacytoid dendritic cells in head and neck cancer. Cancer Res 63:6478-6487 (Pubitemid 37255200)
55. Hava DL, Brigl M, van den Elzen P, Zajonc DM, Wilson IA, Brenner MB (2005) CD1 assembly and the formation of CD1-antigen complexes. Curr Opin Immunol 17:88-94 (Pubitemid 40094019)
56. Hawiger D, Inaba K, Dorsett Y, Guo K, Mahnke K, Rivera M, Ravetch JV, Steinman RM, Nussenzweig MC (2001) Dendritic cells induce peripheral T cell unresponsiveness under steady state conditions in vivo. J Exp Med 194:769-780
57. Hawiger D, Masilamani RF, Bettelli E, Kuchroo VK, Nussenzweig MC (2004) Immunological unresponsiveness characterized by increased expression of CD5 on peripheral T cells induced by dendritic cells in vivo. Immunity 20:695-705 (Pubitemid 38757440)
58. Heath WR, Carbone FR (2009) Dendritic cell subsets in primary and secondary T cell responses at body surfaces. Nat Immunol 10:1237-1244
59. Higano CS, Schellhammer PF, Small EJ, Burch PA, Nemunaitis J, Yuh L, Provost N, Frohlich MW (2009) Integrated data from 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trials of active cellular immunotherapy with sipuleucel-T in advanced prostate cancer. Cancer 115:3670-3679
60. Hoos A, Parmiani G, Hege K, Sznol M, Loibner H, Eggermont A, Urba W, Blumenstein B, Sacks N, Keilholz U, Nichol G (2007) A clinical development paradigm for cancer vaccines and related biologics. J Immunother 30:1-15 (Pubitemid 46052199)
61. Itano AA, McSorley SJ, Reinhardt RL, Ehst BD, Ingulli E, Rudensky AY, Jenkins MK (2003) Distinct dendritic cell populations sequentially present antigen to CD4 T cells and stimulate different aspects of cell-mediated immunity. Immunity 19:47-57 (Pubitemid 36859900)
62. Ito T, Yang M, Wang YH, Lande R, Gregorio J, Perng OA, Qin XF, Liu YJ, Gilliet M (2007) Plasmacytoid dendritic cells prime IL-10-producing T regulatory cells by inducible costimulator ligand. J Exp Med 204:105-115 (Pubitemid 46148761)
63. Janetzki S, Britten CM, Kalos M, Levitsky HI, Maecker HT, Melief CJ, Old LJ, Romero P, Hoos A, Davis MM (2009) "MIATA"-minimal information about T cell assays. Immunity 31:527-528
64. Jego G, Palucka AK, Blanck JP, Chalouni C, Pascual V, Banchereau J (2003) Plasmacytoid dendritic cells induce plasma cell differentiation through type I interferon and interleukin 6. Immunity 19:225-234 (Pubitemid 37011337)
65. Jego G, Pascual V, Palucka AK, Banchereau J (2005) Dendritic cells control B cell growth and differentiation. Curr Dir Autoimmun 8:124-139
66. Jonuleit H, Schmitt E, Schuler G, Knop J, Enk AH (2000) Induction of interleukin 10-producing, nonproliferating CD4(+) T cells with regulatory properties by repetitive stimulation with allogeneic immature human dendritic cells. J Exp Med 192:1213-1222
67. Jordan CT, Guzman ML, Noble M (2006) Cancer stem cells. N Engl J Med 355:1253-1261 (Pubitemid 44427449)
68. Kammula US, Lee KH, Riker AI, Wang E, Ohnmacht GA, Rosenberg SA, Marincola FM (1999) Functional analysis of antigen-specific T lymphocytes by serial measurement of gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and tumor specimens. J Immunol 163:6867-6875
69. Kantoff PW, Schuetz TJ, Blumenstein BA, Glode LM, Bilhartz DL, Wyand M, Manson K, Panicali DL, Laus R, Schlom J, Dahut WL, Arlen PM, Gulley JL, Godfrey WR (2010) Overall survival analysis of a phase II randomized controlled trial of a poxviral-based PSA-targeted immunotherapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 28:1099-1105
70. King C, Tangye SG, Mackay CR (2008) T follicular helper (TFH) cells in normal and dysregulated immune responses. Annu Rev Immunol 26:741-766 (Pubitemid 351600391)
71. Klechevsky E, Morita R, Liu M, Cao Y, Coquery S, Thompson-Snipes L, Briere F, Chaussabel D, Zurawski G, Palucka AK, Reiter Y, Banchereau J, Ueno H (2008) Functional specializations of human epidermal Langerhans cells and CD14+ dermal dendritic cells. Immunity 29:497-510
72. Klechevsky E, Liu M, Morita R, Banchereau R, Thompson-Snipes L, Palucka AK, Ueno H, Banchereau J (2009) Understanding human myeloid dendritic cell subsets for the rational design of novel vaccines. Hum Immunol 70:281-288
73. Kukreja A, Hutchinson A, Dhodapkar K, Mazumder A, Vesole D, Angitapalli R, Jagannath S, Dhodapkar MV (2006) Enhancement of clonogenicity of human multiple myeloma by dendritic cells. J Exp Med 203:1859-1865 (Pubitemid 44188460)
74. Lee PP, Yee C, Savage PA, Fong L, Brockstedt D, Weber JS, Johnson D, Swetter S, Thompson J, Greenberg PD, Roederer M, Davis MM (1999) Characterization of circulating T cells specific for tumor-associated antigens in melanoma patients. Nat Med 5:677-685 (Pubitemid 29289432)
75. Li MO, Wan YY, Sanjabi S, Robertson AK, Flavell RA (2005) Transforming growth factor-beta regulation of immune responses. Annu Rev Immunol 24:99-146.
76. Liu YJ (2005) IPC: professional type 1 interferon-producing cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cell precursors. Annu Rev Immunol 23:275-306
77. Mailliard RB, Wankowicz-Kalinska A, Cai Q, Wesa A, Hilkens CM, Kapsenberg ML, Kirkwood JM, Storkus WJ, Kalinski P (2004) Alpha-type-1 polarized dendritic cells: a novel immunization tool with optimized CTL-inducing activity. Cancer Res 64:5934-5937 (Pubitemid 39129387)
78. Manicassamy S, Ravindran R, Deng J, Oluoch H, Denning TL, Kasturi SP, Rosenthal KM, Evavold BD, Pulendran B (2009) Toll-like receptor 2-dependent induction of vitamin Ametabolizing enzymes in dendritic cells promotes T regulatory responses and inhibits autoimmunity. Nat Med 15:401-409
79. Matsui T, Connolly JE, Michnevitz M, Chaussabel D, Yu CI, Glaser C, Tindle S, Pypaert M, Freitas H, Piqueras B, Banchereau J, Palucka AK (2009) CD2 distinguishes two subsets of human plasmacytoid dendritic cells with distinct phenotype and functions. J Immunol 182:6815-6823
80. Maus MV, Thomas AK, Leonard DG, Allman D, Addya K, Schlienger K, Riley JL, June CH (2002) Ex vivo expansion of polyclonal and antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes by artificial APCs expressing ligands for the T-cell receptor, CD28 and 4-1BB. Nat Biotechnol 20:143-148 (Pubitemid 34158029)
81. Melero I, Hervas-Stubbs S, Glennie M, Pardoll DM, Chen L (2007) Immunostimulatory monoclonal antibodies for cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 7:95-106 (Pubitemid 46160986)
82. Menetrier-Caux C, Gobert M, Caux C (2009) Differences in tumor regulatory T-cell localization and activation status impact patient outcome. Cancer Res 69:7895-7898
83. Merad M, Ginhoux F, Collin M (2008) Origin, homeostasis and function of langerhans cells and other langerin-expressing dendritic cells. Nat Rev Immunol 8:935-947
84. Mohamadzadeh M, Berard F, Essert G, Chalouni C, Pulendran B, Davoust J, Bridges G, Palucka AK, Banchereau J (2001) Interleukin 15 skews monocyte differentiation into dendritic cells with features of Langerhans cells. J Exp Med 194:1013-1020
85. Moore KW, de Waal MR, Coffman RL, O'Garra A (2001) Interleukin-10 and the interleukin-10 receptor. Annu Rev Immunol 19:683-765 (Pubitemid 32368050)
86. Motzer RJ, Rakhit A, Thompson JA, Nemunaitis J, Murphy BA, Ellerhorst J, Schwartz LH, Berg WJ, Bukowski RM (2001) Randomized multicenter phase II trial of subcutaneous recombinant human interleukin-12 versus interferon-alpha 2a for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. J Interferon Cytokine Res 21:257-263 (Pubitemid 32680910)
87. Nestle FO, Di Meglio P, Qin JZ, Nickoloff BJ (2009) Skin immune sentinels in health and disease. Nat Rev Immunol 9:679-691
88. Nossal GJ (1997) Host immunobiology and vaccine development. Lancet 350:1316-1319 (Pubitemid 28036649)
89. Palucka AK, Ueno H, Connolly J, Kerneis-Norvell F, Blanck JP, Johnston DA, Fay J, Banchereau J (2006) Dendritic cells loaded with killed allogeneic melanoma cells can induce objective clinical responses and MART-1 specific CD8+ T-cell immunity. J Immunother 29:545-557 (Pubitemid 44395279)
90. Palucka AK, Ueno H, Fay JW, Banchereau J (2007) Taming cancer by inducing immunity via dendritic cells. Immunol Rev 220:129-150 (Pubitemid 350045575)
91. Panelli MC, Stashower ME, Slade HB, Smith K, Norwood C, Abati A, Fetsch P, Filie A, Walters SA, Astry C, Arico E, Zhao Y, Selleri S, Wang E, Marincola FM (2007) Sequential gene profiling of basal cell carcinomas treated with imiquimod in a placebo-controlled study defines the requirements for tissue rejection. Genome Biol 8:R8
92. Parmiani G, De Filippo A, Novellino L, Castelli C (2007) Unique human tumor antigens: immunobiology and use in clinical trials. J Immunol 178:1975-1979 (Pubitemid 46233392)
93. Peggs KS, Quezada SA, Korman AJ, Allison JP (2006) Principles and use of anti-CTLA4 antibody in human cancer immunotherapy. Curr Opin Immunol 18(2):206-213 (Pubitemid 43327304)
94. Peggs KS, Quezada SA, Chambers CA, Korman AJ, Allison JP (2009) Blockade of CTLA-4 on both effector and regulatory T cell compartments contributes to the antitumor activity of anti-CTLA-4 antibodies. J Exp Med 206:1717-1725
95. Pilon-Thomas S, Mackay A, Vohra N, Mule JJ (2010) Blockade of Programmed Death Ligand 1 Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Combination Immunotherapy against Melanoma. J Immunol 184:3442-3449
96. Polyak K, Hahn WC (2006) Roots and stems: stem cells in cancer. Nat Med 12:296-300 (Pubitemid 43355075)
97. Qi H, Egen JG, Huang AY, Germain RN (2006) Extrafollicular activation of lymph node B cells by antigen-bearing dendritic cells. Science 312:1672-1676 (Pubitemid 43902670)
98. Rabinovich GA, Gabrilovich D, Sotomayor EM (2007) Immunosuppressive strategies that are mediated by Tumor cells. Annu Rev Immunol 25:267-296 (Pubitemid 46697910)
99. Rosin L, DeCamilli P, Butler M, Solimena M, Schmitt HP, Morgenthaler N, Meinck HM (1998) Stiff-man syndrome in a woman with breast cancer: an uncommon central nervous system paraneoplastic syndrome. Neurology 50:94-98
100. Rossi DJ, Jamieson CH, Weissman IL (2008) Stems cells and the pathways to aging and cancer. Cell 132:681-696 (Pubitemid 351253688)
101. Schmitt N, Morita R, Bourdery L, Bentebibel SE, Zurawski SM, Banchereau J, Ueno H (2009) Human dendritic cells induce the differentiation of interleukin-21-producing T follicular helper-like cells through interleukin-12. Immunity 31:158-169
102. Seder RA, Darrah PA, Roederer M (2008) T-cell quality in memory and protection: implications for vaccine design. Nat Rev Immunol 8:247-258 (Pubitemid 351432801)
103. Siegal FP, Kadowaki N, Shodell M, Fitzgerald-Bocarsly PA, Shah K, Ho S, Antonenko S, Liu YJ (1999) The nature of the principal type 1 interferon-producing cells in human blood. Science 284:1835-1837
104. Spisek R, Kukreja A, Chen LC, Matthews P, Mazumder A, Vesole D, Jagannath S, Zebroski HA, Simpson AJ, Ritter G, Durie B, Crowley J, Shaughnessy JD Jr., Scanlan MJ, Gure AO, Barlogie B, Dhodapkar MV (2007) Frequent and specific immunity to the embryonal stem cell associated antigen SOX2 in patients with monoclonal gammopathy. J Exp Med 204:831-840 (Pubitemid 46631612)
105. Stary G, Bangert C, Tauber M, Strohal R, Kopp T, Stingl G (2007) Tumoricidal activity of TLR7/ 8-activated inflammatory dendritic cells. J Exp Med 204:1441-1451 (Pubitemid 46919881)
106. Steinman RM, Banchereau J (2007) Taking dendritic cells into medicine. Nature 449:419-426 (Pubitemid 47509552)
107. Steinman RM, Hawiger D, Nussenzweig MC (2003) Tolerogenic dendritic cells. Annu Rev Immunol 21:685-711 (Pubitemid 37174545)
108. Tahara H, Sato M, Thurin M, Wang E, Butterfield LH, Disis ML, Fox BA, Lee PP, Khleif SN, Wigginton JM, Ambs S, Akutsu Y, Chaussabel D, Doki Y, Eremin O, Fridman WH, Hirohashi Y, Imai K, Jacobson J, Jinushi M, Kanamoto A, Kashani-Sabet M, Kato K, Kawakami Y, Kirkwood JM, Kleen TO, Lehmann PV, Liotta L, Lotze MT, Maio M, Malyguine A, Masucci G, Matsubara H, Mayrand-Chung S, Nakamura K, Nishikawa H, Palucka AK, Petricoin EF, Pos Z, Ribas A, Rivoltini L, Sato N, Shiku H, Slingluff CA, Streicher H, Stroncek DF, Takeuchi H, Toyota M, Wada H, Wu X, Wulfkuhle J, Yaguchi T, Zeskind B, Zhao Y, Zocca MB, Marincola FM (2009) Emerging concepts in biomarker discovery; The US-Japan workshop on immunological molecular markers in oncology. J Transl Med 7:45
109. Terabe M, Matsui S, Noben-Trauth N, Chen H, Watson C, Donaldson DD, Carbone DP, Paul WE, Berzofsky JA (2000) NKT cell-mediated repression of tumor immunosurveillance by IL-13 and the IL-4R-STAT6 pathway. Nat Immunol 1:515-520
110. Terabe M, Ambrosino E, Takaku S, O'Konek JJ, Venzon D, Lonning S, McPherson JM, Berzofsky JA (2009) Synergistic enhancement of CD8+ T cell-mediated tumor vaccine efficacy by an anti-transforming growth factor-beta monoclonal antibody. Clin Cancer Res 15:6560-6569
111. Townsend AR, Gotch FM, Davey J (1985) Cytotoxic T cells recognize fragments of the influenza nucleoprotein. Cell 42:457-467
112. Treilleux I, Blay JY, Bendriss-Vermare N, Ray-Coquard I, Bachelot T, Guastalla JP, Bremond A, Goddard S, Pin JJ, Barthelemy-Dubois C, Lebecque S (2004) Dendritic cell infiltration and prognosis of early stage breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res 10:7466-7474 (Pubitemid 39561754)
113. Urosevic M, Dummer R, Conrad C, Beyeler M, Laine E, Burg G, Gilliet M (2005) Diseaseindependent skin recruitment and activation of plasmacytoid predendritic cells following imiquimod treatment. J Natl Cancer Inst 97:1143-1153. (Pubitemid 41511214)
114. van Herpen CM, van der Voort R, van der Laak JA, Klasen IS, de Graaf AO, van Kempen LC, de Vries IJ, Boer TD, Dolstra H, Torensma R, van Krieken JH, Adema GJ, De Mulder PH (2008) Intratumoral rhIL-12 administration in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients induces B cell activation. Int J Cancer 123:2354-2361
115. Vence L, Palucka AK, Fay JW, Ito T, Liu YJ, Banchereau J, Ueno H (2007) Circulating tumor antigen-specific regulatory T cells in patients with metastatic melanoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:20884-20889
116. Vlad AM, Kettel JC, Alajez NM, Carlos CA, Finn OJ (2004) MUC1 immunobiology: from discovery to clinical applications. Adv Immunol 82:249-293 (Pubitemid 38209513)
117. Volkmann A, Zal T, Stockinger B (1997) Antigen-presenting cells in the thymus that can negatively select MHC class II-restricted T cells recognizing a circulating self antigen. J Immunol 158:693-706 (Pubitemid 127492647)
118. Watts TH (2005) TNF/TNFR family members in costimulation of T cell responses. Annu Rev Immunol 23:23-68 (Pubitemid 40563164)
119. Wei S, Kryczek I, Zou L, Daniel B, Cheng P, Mottram P, Curiel T, Lange A, Zou W (2005) Plasmacytoid dendritic cells induce CD8+ regulatory T cells in human ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Res 65:5020-5026 (Pubitemid 40827308)
120. Wei H, Wang S, Zhang D, Hou S, Qian W, Li B, Guo H, Kou G, He J, Wang H, Guo Y (2009) Targeted delivery of tumor antigens to activated dendritic cells via CD11c molecules induces potent antitumor immunity in mice. Clin Cancer Res 15:4612-4621
121. Wille-Reece U, Flynn BJ, Lore K, Koup RA, Miles AP, Saul A, Kedl RM, Mattapallil JJ, Weiss WR, Roederer M, Seder RA (2006) Toll-like receptor agonists influence the magnitude and quality of memory T cell responses after prime-boost immunization in nonhuman primates. J Exp Med 203:1249-1258 (Pubitemid 43736594)
122. Wing K, Sakaguchi S (2010) Regulatory T cells exert checks and balances on self tolerance and autoimmunity. Nat Immunol 11:7-13
123. Wykes M, Pombo A, Jenkins C, MacPherson GG (1998) Dendritic cells interact directly with naive B lymphocytes to transfer antigen and initiate class switching in a primary T-dependent response. J Immunol 161:1313-1319 (Pubitemid 28380559)
124. Yamamura M, Uyemura K, Deans RJ, Weinberg K, Rea TH, Bloom BR, Modlin RL (1991) Defining protective responses to pathogens: cytokine profiles in leprosy lesions. Science 254:277-279 (Pubitemid 21917340)
125. Zaba LC, Fuentes-Duculan J, Steinman RM, Krueger JG, Lowes MA (2007) Normal human dermis contains distinct populations of CD11c+BDCA-1+ dendritic cells and CD163 +FXIIIA+ macrophages. J Clin Invest 117:2517-2525 (Pubitemid 47494353)
126. Zal T, Volkmann A, Stockinger B (1994) Mechanisms of tolerance induction in major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted T cells specific for a blood-borne self-antigen. J Exp Med 180:2089-2099 (Pubitemid 24351590)
127. Zheng Y, Josefowicz S, Chaudhry A, Peng XP, Forbush K, Rudensky AY (2010) Role of conserved non-coding DNA elements in the Foxp3 gene in regulatory T-cell fate. Nature 463:808-812
128. Zhong G, Reis e, Sousa C, Germain RN (1997) Antigen-unspecific B cells and lymphoid dendritic cells both show extensive surface expression of processed antigen-major histocompatibility class II complexes after soluble protein exposure in vivo or in vitro. J Exp Med 186:673-682 (Pubitemid 27381532)