An overview of matrix effects in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

Volumn 30, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 491-509

  Trufelli, Helga ^a   Palma, Pierangela ^a   Famiglini, Giorgio ^a   Cappiello, Achille ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF URBINO   (Italy)

Author keywords

biological; environmental and food matrices; LC MS; matrix effects; quantitative analysis

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL; ENVIRONMENTAL AND FOOD MATRICES; LC-MS; MATRIX EFFECTS; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS;

ATMOSPHERIC IONIZATION; ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; IONIZATION OF LIQUIDS; LIQUIDS; MASS SPECTROMETRY; ORGANIC POLYMERS;

LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY;

ANIMAL; CALIBRATION; ELECTROSPRAY MASS SPECTROMETRY; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FOOD ANALYSIS; HUMAN; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; METHODOLOGY; REVIEW;

ANIMALS; CALIBRATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY, LIQUID; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FOOD ANALYSIS; HUMANS; SPECTROMETRY, MASS, ELECTROSPRAY IONIZATION;

EID: 79952013841     PISSN: 02777037     EISSN: 10982787     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/mas.20298     Document Type: Review

References (139)

1. Abian J, Oosterkamp AJ, Gelpí E,. 1999. Comparison of conventional, narrow-bore and capillary liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry: Practical considerations. J Mass Spectrom 34: 244-254. (Pubitemid 29182475)
2. Alder L, Lüderitz S, Lindtner K, Stan H-J,. 2004. The ECHO technique - The more effective way of data evaluation in liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. J Chromatogr A 1058: 67-79. (Pubitemid 39487205)
3. Amad MH, Cech NB, Jackson GS, Enke CG,. 2000. Importance of gas-phase proton affinities in determining the electrospray ionization response for analytes and solvents. J Mass Spectrom 35: 784-789. (Pubitemid 30479520)
4. Annesley TM,. 2003. Ion suppression in mass spectrometry. Clin Chem 49: 1041-1044. (Pubitemid 36751088)
5. Antignac JP, Wash F, Monteau HD, Brabander FA, Bizet BL,. 2005. The ion suppression phenomenon in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and its consequences in the field of residue analysis. Anal Chim Acta 529: 129-136.
6. Apffel A, Fisher S, Goldberg G, Goodley PC, Kuhlmann FE,. 1995. Enhanced sensitivity for peptide mapping with electrospray liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in the present of signal suppression due to trifluoroacetic acid-containing mobile phases. J Chromatogr A 712: 177.
7. Avery MJ,. 2003. Quantitative characterization of differential ion suppression on liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometric bioanalytical methods. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 17: 197-201. (Pubitemid 36164165)
8. Barnes KA, Fussel RJ, Startin JR, Thorpe SA, Reynolds SL,. 1995. Determinations of the pesticides diflubenzuron and clofentezine in plums, strawberries and blackcurrant-based fruit drinks by high performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 9: 1441-1445.
9. Benijts T, Dams R, Lambert W, De Leenher A,. 2004. Countering matrix effects in environmental liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry water analysis for endocrine disrupting chemicals. J Chromatogr A 1029: 153-159. (Pubitemid 38201256)
10. Blackwell PA, Holten L, Holten Lützhoft H-C, Ma HP, Halling-Sørensen B, Boxall ABA, Kay P,. 2004. Ultrasonic extraction of veterinary antibiotics from soils and pig slurry with SPE clean-up and LC-UV and fluorescence detection. Talanta 64: 1058-1064.
11. Blasco C, Di Corcia A, Picò Y,. 2009. Determination of tetracyclines in multi-species animal tissues by pressurized liquid extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 116: 1005-1012.
12. Bogialli S, Curini R, Di Corcia A, Laganà A, Nazzari M, Tonci M,. 2004. Simple and rapid assay for analyzing residues of carbamate insecticides in bovine milk: Hot water extraction followed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1054: 351-357. (Pubitemid 39445837)
13. Bogialli S, Curini R, Di Corcia A, Laganà A, Rizzuti G,. 2006. A rapid confirmatory method for analysing tetracycline antibiotics in bovine, swine and poultry muscle tissues: Matrix solid phase dispersion with heated water as extractant followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Agric Food Chem 54: 1564-1570.
14. Bonfiglio R, King RC, Olah TV, Merkle K,. 1999. The effect sample preparation methods on the variability of the electrospray ionization response for model drug compounds. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 13: 1175-1185. (Pubitemid 29285118)
15. Bruins CHP, Jeronimus-Stratingh K, Ensing WD, Jong GJD,. 1999. On-line coupling of solid-phase extraction with mass spectrometry for the analysis of biological samples: I. Determination of clenbuterol in urine. J Chromatogr A 863: 115-122. (Pubitemid 30046935)
16. Buhrman DL, Price PI, Rudewicz PJ,. 1996. Quantitation of SR 27417 in human plasma using electrospray liquid chromatography mass spectrometry: A study of ion suppression. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 7: 1099-1105. (Pubitemid 26359222)
17. Callahan JH, Shefcheck KJ, Williams TL, Musser SM,. 2006. Detection, confirmation, and quantification of staphylococcal enterotoxin B in food matrix using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 78: 1789-1800.
18. Cappiello A, Famiglini G, Palma P, Pierini E, Trufelli H,. 2007a. Advanced liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry interface based on electron ionization. Anal Chem 79: 5364-5372. (Pubitemid 47121052)
19. Cappiello A, Famiglini G, Palma P, Pierini E, Trufelli H, Maggi C, Manfra L, Mannozzi M,. 2007b. Application of nano-FIA-direct-EI-MS to determine diethylene glycol in produced formation water discharges and seawater samples. Chemosphere 69: 554-560. (Pubitemid 47331598)
20. Cappiello A, Famiglini G, Palma P, Pierini E, Termopoli V, Trufelli H,. 2008. Overcoming matrix effects in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 80: 9343-9348.
21. Cech NB, Enke CG,. 2000. Relating electrospray ionization response to nonpolar character of small peptides. Anal Chem 72: 2717-2723. (Pubitemid 30452234)
22. Cech NB, Enke CG,. 2001. Practical implications of some recent studies in electrospray ionization fundamentals. Mass Spectrom Rev 20: 362-387.
23. Chace DH,. 2001. Mass spectrometry in the clinical laboratory. Chem Rev 101: 445-477. (Pubitemid 32325801)
24. Chambers E, Wagrowsky-Diehl DM, Lu Z, Mazzeo JR,. 2007. Systematic and comprehensive strategy for reducing matrix effects in LC/MS/MS analyses. J Chromatogr B 852: 22-34. (Pubitemid 46830084)
25. Chen J, Yang L, Kapron JT, Ma L, Pace E, Van Pelt CK, Rudewich PJ,. 2004. Determination of SCH211803 by nanoelectrospray infusion mass spectrometry: Evaluation of matrix effects and comparison with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B 809: 205-210. (Pubitemid 39094695)
26. Chin C, Zhang ZP, Karnes HT,. 2004. A study of matrix effects on a LC-MS-MS assay for olanzapine and desmethyl olanzapine. J Pharm Biomed Anal 35: 1149-1167. (Pubitemid 39140281)
27. Choi BK, Hercules DM, Gusev AI,. 2001a. Effect of liquid chromatography separation of complex matrices on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry signal suppression. J Chromatogr A 907: 337-342.
28. Choi BK, Hercules DM, Gusev AI,. 2001b. LC-MS-MS signal suppression effects in the analysis of pesticides in complex environmental matrices. Fresen J Anal Chem 369: 370-377.
29. Cole RB,. 2000. Some tenets pertaining to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 35: 763.
30. Dams R, Huestis MA, Lambert WE, Murphym CM,. 2003. Matrix effect in bio-analysis of illicit drugs with LC-MS/MS: Influence of ionization type, sample preparation, and biofluid. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 14: 1290-1294. (Pubitemid 37330133)
31. Deng Y, Zhang H, Wu JT, Olah TV,. 2005. Tandem mass spectrometry with online high-flow reversed-phase extraction and normal-phase chromatography on silica columns with aqueous-organic mobile phase for quantitation of polar compounds in biological fluids. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 19: 2929-2934. (Pubitemid 41454610)
32. Dijkman E, Mooibroek D, Hoogerbrugge R, Hogendoorn E, Sancho JV, Pozo O, Hernandez J,. 2001. Study of matrix effects on the direct trace analysis of acidic pesticides in water using various liquid chromatographic modes coupled to tandem mass spectrometric detection. J Chromatogr A 926: 113-125. (Pubitemid 32739012)
33. Dole M, Mack LL, Hines R, Mobley RC, Ferguson LD, Alice MBJ,. 1968. Molecular beams of macroions. J Chem Phys 40: 2240-2249.
34. Du L, White R,. 2008. Reducing glycerophosphocholine lipid matrix interference effects in biological fluid assays by using high-turbulence liquid chromatography. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 22: 3362-3370.
35. Enke CG,. 1997. A predictive model for matrix and analyte effects in electrospray ionization of singly-charged ionic analytes. Anal Chem 69: 4885-4893.
36. Eshraghi J, Chowdhury SK,. 1993. Factors affecting electrospray ionization of effluents containing trifluoroacetic acid for high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 65: 3528-3533.
37. Famiglini G, Palma P, Pierini E, Trufelli H, Cappiello A,. 2008. Organochlorines pesticides by LC-MS. Anal Chem 80: 3445-3449.
38. Famiglini G, Palma P, Termopoli V, Trufelli H, Cappiello A,. 2009. Single-step LC/MS method for the simultaneous determination of GC-amenable organochlorine and LC-amenable phenoxy acidic pesticides. Anal Chem 81: 7373-7378.
39. Food and Drug Administration. 2001. Guidance for industry on bioanalytical method validation. 66(100): 28526. Available at http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/ Guidances/UCM070107.pdf.
40. Freitas LG, Gotz CW, Ruff M, Singer HP, Mullet SR,. 2004. Quantification of the new triketone herbicides, sulcotrione and mesotrione, and other important herbicides and metabolites, at the ng/l level in surface waters using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1028: 277-286. (Pubitemid 38121373)
41. Fu I, Woolf EJ, Matuszewski BK,. 1998. Effect of the sample matrix on the determination of indinavir in human urine by HPLC with turbo ion spray tandem mass spectrometric detection. J Pharm Biomed 18: 347-357. (Pubitemid 28529439)
42. Gangl ET, Annan N, Spooner P, Vouros P,. 2001. Reduction of signal suppression effects in ESI-MS using a nanosplitting device. Anal Chem 73: 5635-5644. (Pubitemid 33126718)
43. Gentili A, Perret D, Marchese S, Sergi M, Olmi C, Curini R,. 2004. Accelerated solvent extraction and confirmatory analysis of sulfonamide residues in raw meat and infant foods by liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. J Agric Food Chem 52: 4614-4624.
44. Gianotti V, Chiuminatto U, Mazzucco E, Gosetti F, Bottaro M, Frascarolo P, Gennaro MC,. 2008. A new hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of seven biogenic amines in cheese. J Chromatogr A 1185: 296-300.
45. Giorgianni F, Cappiello A, Beranova-Giorgianni S, Palma P, Trufelli H, Desiderio DM,. 2004. LC-MS/MS analysis of peptides with methanol as organic modifier: Improved limits of detection. Anal Chem 76: 7028-7038. (Pubitemid 39600877)
46. Gosetti F, Mazzucco E, Gianotti V, Polati S, Gennaro MC,. 2007. High performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry determination of biogenic amines in typical Piedmont cheeses. J Chromatogr A 1149: 151-157. (Pubitemid 46629176)
47. Guerra P, Eljarrat E, Barceló D,. 2008. Enantiomeric specific determination of hexabromocyclododecane by liquid chromatography-quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry in sediment samples. J Chromatogr A 1203: 81-87.
48. Gustavsson SA, Samskog J, Markides KE, Långström B,. 2001. Studies of signal suppression in liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry using volatile ion-paring reagents. J Chromatogr A 937: 41-44.
49. Hanold KA, Fischer SM, Cormia PH, Miller CE, Syage JA,. 2004. Atmospheric pressure photoionization. 1. General properties for LC/MS. Anal Chem 76: 2842-2851. (Pubitemid 38657711)
50. Hao C, Zhao X, Tabe S, Yang P,. 2008. Optimization of a multiresidual method for the determination of waterborne emerging organic pollutants using solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and isotope dilution mass spectrometry. Environ Sci Technol 42: 4068-4075. (Pubitemid 351770063)
51. Hernández F, Sancho JV, Pozo ÓJ,. 2004. An estimation of the exposure to organophosphorus pesticides through the simultaneous determination of their main metabolites in urine by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B 808: 229-239. (Pubitemid 38952917)
52. Hogenboom AC, Hofman DA, Niessen WMA, Brinkman UATh,. 2000. On-line dual-precolumn-based trace enrichment for the determination of polar and acidic microcontaminants in river water by liquid chromatography with diode-array UV and tandem mass spectrometric detection. J Chromatogr A 885: 377-388. (Pubitemid 30392489)
53. Holčapek M, Volna K, Jandera P, Kolarova L, Lemr K, Exner M, Cirkva A,. 2004. Effects of ion-pairing reagents on the electrospray signal suppression of sulphonated dyes and intermediates. J Mass Spectrom 39: 43-50. (Pubitemid 38208530)
54. Hopfgartner G, Bourgogne E,. 2003. Quantitative high-throughput analysis of drugs in biological matrices by mass spectrometry. Mass Spectrom Rev 22: 195-214.
55. Ikonomu MG, Blades AT, Kebarle P,. 1990. Investigations of the electrospray interface for liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 62: 957-967.
56. Iribarne JV, Thompson BA,. 1976. On the evaporation of small ions from charged droplets. J Chem Phys 64: 2287-2294.
57. Ismaiel OA, Halquist MS, Elmamly MY, Shalaby A, Karnes HT,. 2008. Monitoring phospholipids for assessment of ion enhancement and ion suppression in ESI and APCI LC/MS/MS for chlorpheniramine in human plasma and the importance of multiple source matrix effect evaluations. J Chromatogr B 875: 333-343.
58. Jemal M,. 2000. High throughput quantitative bioanalysis by LC-MS/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 14: 422-429.
59. Jemal M, Schuster A, Whigan DB,. 2003. Liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry methods for quantitation of mevalonic acid in human plasma and urine: Method validation, demonstration of using a surrogate analyte, and demonstration of unacceptable matrix effect in spite of use of a stable isotope analog internal standard. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 17: 1723-1734. (Pubitemid 36916982)
60. Jessome LL, Volmer DA,. 2006. Ion suppression: A major concern in mass spectrometry. LCGG 24: 498-510. (Pubitemid 43886105)
61. Ji HY, Park E, Lee K, Lee H,. 2008. Quantification of doxazosin in human plasma using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 31: 1628-1633. (Pubitemid 351890791)
62. Kang J, Hick LA, Price WE,. 2007. Using calibration approaches to compensate for remaining matrix effects in quantitative liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization multistage mass spectrometric analysis of phytoestrogens in aqueous environmental samples. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 21: 4065-4072.
63. Karas M, Bahr U, Dulcks T,. 2000. Nano-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry: Addressing analytical problems beyond routine. Fresen J Anal Chem 366: 669-676.
64. Kebarle P,. 2000. A brief overview of the present status of the mechanisms involved in electrospray mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 35: 804-817. (Pubitemid 30479522)
65. King R, Bonfiglio R, Fernandez-Metzler C, Miller-Stein C, Olah T,. 2000. Mechanistic investigation of ionization suppression in electrospray ionization. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 11: 942.
66. Kitamura R, Matsuoka K, Matsushima E, Kawaguchi Y,. 2001. Improvement in precision of the liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric analysis of 3′-C-ethynylcytidine in rat plasma. J Chromatogr B 754: 113-119. (Pubitemid 32241075)
67. Kloepfer A, Quintana J, Reemtsma T,. 2005. Operational options to reduce matrix effects in liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry analysis of aqueous environmental samples. J Chromatogr A 1067: 153.
68. Koeber R, Fleischer C, Lanza F, Boos K-S, Sellergren B, Barcelò D,. 2001. Evaluation of a multidimensional solid-phase extraction platform for highly selective on-line cleanup and high-throughput LC-MS analysis of triazines in river water samples using molecular imprinted polymers. Anal Chem 73: 2437-2444. (Pubitemid 32880641)
69. Kruve A, Künnapas A, Herodes K, Leito I,. 2008. Matrix effects in pesticide multi-residue analysis by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1187: 58-66.
70. Kuster M, López de Alda M, Barceló D,. 2009. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric analysis and regulatory issues of polar pesticides in natural and treated waters. J Chromatogr A 1216: 520-529.
71. Lanckmans K, Sarre S, Smolders I, Michotte Y,. 2008. Quantitative liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry for the analysis of microdialysates. Talanta 15: 458-469.
72. Larger PJ, Breda M, Fraier D, Hughes H, James CA,. 2005. Ion-suppression effects in liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry due to a formulation agent, a case study in drug discovery bioanalysis. J Pharm Biomed 39: 206-216. (Pubitemid 41112139)
73. Law B, Temesi D,. 2000. Factors to consider in the development of generic bioanalytical high-performance liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric methods to support drug discovery. J Chromatogr B 748: 21-30.
74. Leverence R, Avery MJ, Kavetskaia O, Bi H, Hop CEC, Gusev AI,. 2007. Signal suppression/enhancement in HPLC-ESI-MS/MS from concomitant medications. Biomed Chromatogr 21: 1143-1150. (Pubitemid 350200893)
75. Liang HR, Foltz RL, Meng M, Bennet P,. 2003. Ionization enhancement in atmospheric pressure ionization and suppression in electrospray ionization between target drugs and stable-isotope-labeled internal standards in quantitative liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 17: 2815-2821. (Pubitemid 38029325)
76. Lihong D, White RL,. 2008. Reducing glycerophosphocholine lipid matrix interference effects in biological fluid assays by using high-turbulence liquid chromatography. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 22: 3362-3370.
77. Lindberg R, Jarnheimer P, Olsen B, Johansson M, Tysklind M,. 2004. Determination of antibiotic substances in hospital sewage water using solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and group analogue internal standards. Chemosphere 57: 1479-1488. (Pubitemid 39422328)
78. Lindegardh N, Annerberg A, White NJ, Daya NPJ,. 2008. Development and validation of a liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric method for determination of piperaquine in plasma. Stable isotope labeled internal standard does not always compensate for matrix effects. J Chromatogr B 862: 227-236.
79. Lindsey ME, Meyer M, Thurman EM,. 2001. Analysis of trace levels of sulfonamide and tetracycline antimicrobials in groundwater and surface water using solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 857: 4640-4646. (Pubitemid 32953189)
80. Little JL, Wempe MF, Buchanan CM,. 2006. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry method development for drug metabolism studies: Examining lipid matrix ionization effects in plasma. J Chromatogr B 833: 219-230.
81. Luke MA, Froberg JE, Masumoto HT,. 1975. Extraction and cleanup of organochlorine, organophosphate, organonitrogen, and hydrocarbon pesticides in produce for determination by gas-liquid chromatography. J Assoc Off Anal Chem 56: 1020-1026.
82. Mai B, Chen S, Chen S, Luo X, Chen L, Yang Q, Sheng G, Peng P, Fu J, Zeng EY,. 2005. Distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in sediments of the Pearl River Delta and adjacent South China Sea. Environ Sci Technol 39: 3521-3527. (Pubitemid 40705473)
83. Mallet CR, Lum Z, Mazzeo JR,. 2004. A study of ion suppression effects in electrospray ionization from mobile phase additives and solid phase extracts. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 18: 49-58. (Pubitemid 38031417)
84. Marín JM, Gracia-Lor E, Sancho JV, López FJ, Hernández F,. 2009. Application of ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to the determination of multi-class pesticides in environmental and wastewater samples: Study of matrix effects. J Chromatogr A 1216: 1410-1420.
85. Matuszewsky BK,. 2006. Standard line slopes as a measure of a relative matrix effect in quantitative HPLC-MS bioanalysis. J Chromatogr B 830: 293-300.
86. Matuszewsky BK, Constanzer ML, Chavez-Eng CM,. 1998. Matrix effect in quantitative LC/MS/MS analyses of biological fluids: A method for determination of finasteride in human plasma at picogram per milliliter concentrations. Anal Chem 70: 882-889.
87. Matuszewsky BK, Constanzer ML, Chavez-Eng CM,. 2003. Strategies for the assessment of matrix effect in quantitative bioanalytical methods based on HPLC-MS/MS. Anal Chem 75: 3019-3030. (Pubitemid 36830428)
88. Mei H, Hsieh Y, Nardo C, Xu X, Wang S,. 2003. Investigation of matrix effects in bioanalytical high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric assays: Application to drug discovery. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 17: 97-103. (Pubitemid 36019888)
89. Miao X, Metcalfe CD,. 2003. Determination of carbamazepine and its metabolites in aqueous samples using liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 75: 3731-3738. (Pubitemid 36962105)
90. Mohamed R, Richoz-Payot J, Gremaud E, Mottier P, Yilmaz E, Tabet J,. 2007. Advantages of molecularly imprinted polymers LC-ESI-MS/MS for the selective extraction and quantification of chloramphenicol in milk-based matrixes. Comparison with a classical sample preparation. Anal Chem 79: 9557-9565. (Pubitemid 350276337)
91. Müller C, Schäfer P, Störtzel M, Vogt S, Weinmann W,. 2002. Ion suppression effects in liquid chromatography-electrospray-ionisation transport-region collision dissociation mass spectrometry with different serum extraction methods for systematic toxicological analysis with mass spectral libraries. J Chromatogr A 773: 47-52. (Pubitemid 34518269)
92. Naidong W,. 2003. Bioanalytical liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry methods on underivatized silica columns with aqueous/organic mobile phases. J Chromatogr B 796: 209-224. (Pubitemid 37329666)
93. Niessen WMA, Manini P, Andreoli R,. 2006. Matrix effects in quantitative pesticide analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Mass Spectrom Rev 25: 881-899. (Pubitemid 44733766)
94. Núñez O, Moyano E, Galceran MT,. 2005. LC-MS/MS analysis of organic toxics in food. Trends Anal Chem 24: 683-703. (Pubitemid 41021506)
95. O'Connor S, Locke J, Aga DS,. 2007. Addressing the challenges of tetracycline analysis in soil: Extraction, clean-up, and matrix effects in LC-MS. J Environ Monit 9: 1254-1262. (Pubitemid 350045980)
96. Pascoe R, Foley JP, Gusev AI,. 2001. Reduction in matrix-related signal suppression effects in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry using on-line two-dimensional liquid chromatography. Anal Chem 73: 6014-6023. (Pubitemid 34042219)
97. Petrovic M, Gavazzi S, Barceló D,. 2002. Column-switching system with restricted access pre-column packing for an integrated sample cleanup and liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of alkylphenolic compounds and steroid sex hormones in sediment. J Chromatogr A 971: 37-45. (Pubitemid 35247667)
98. Pichon V,. 2007. Selective sample treatment using molecularly imprinted polymers. J Chromatogr A 1152: 41-53. (Pubitemid 46754007)
99. Prakash C, Shaffer CL, Nedderman A,. 2007. Analytical strategies for identifying drug metabolites. Mass Spectrom Rev 26: 340-369. (Pubitemid 46750374)
100. Pucci V, Di Palma S, Alfieri A, Bonelli F, Monteagudo E,. 2009. A novel strategy for reducing phospholipids-based matrix effect in LC-ESI-MS bioanalysis by means of HybridSPE. J Pharm Biomed Anal 50: 867-871. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2009.05.037.
101. Quintana JB, Reemtsma T,. 2004. Sensitive determination of acidic drugs and triclosan in surface and wastewater by ion-pair reverse-phase liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 18: 765-774. (Pubitemid 38451021)
102. Rodil R, Quintana JB, López-Mahía P, Muniategui-Lorenzo D, Prada-Rodríguez J,. 2009. Multi-residue analytical method for the determination of emerging pollutants in water by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1216: 2958-2969.
103. Rogatsky E, Balent B, Goswami G, Tomuta V, Jayatillake H, Cruikshank G, Vele L, Stein DT,. 2006. Sensitive quantitative analysis of C-peptide in human plasma by 2-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry isotope-dilution assay. Clin Chem 52: 872-879. (Pubitemid 43673266)
104. Sangster T, Spence M, Sinclair P, Payne R, Smith C,. 2004. Unexpected observation of ion suppression in a liquid chromatography/atmospheric chemical ionization mass spectrometric bioanalytical method. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 18: 1361-1364. (Pubitemid 38843160)
105. Schmidt A, Karas M, Dülcks T,. 2003. Effect of different solution flow rates on analyte ion signals in nano-ESI MS or: When does ESI turn into nano-ESI. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 14: 492-500. (Pubitemid 36871630)
106. Schuhmacher J, Zimmer D, Tesche F, Pickard V,. 2003. Matrix effects during analysis of plasma samples by electrospray and atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry: Practical approaches to their elimination. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 17: 1950-1957. (Pubitemid 37039950)
107. Shen JX, Motyka RJ, Roach JP, Hayes RN,. 2005. Minimization of ion suppression in LC-MS/MS analysis through the application of strong cation exchange solid-phase extraction (SCX-SPE). J Pharm Biomed Anal 37: 359-367. (Pubitemid 40222308)
108. Shou WZ, Weng ND,. 2003. Post-column infusion study of the dosing vehicle effect in the liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry of discovery pharmacokinetic samples. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 17: 589-597. (Pubitemid 36373025)
109. Souverain S, Rudaz S, Veuthey JL,. 2004. Matrix effect in LC-ESI-MS and LC-APCI-MS with off-line and on-line extraction procedures. J Chromatogr A 1058: 61-66. (Pubitemid 39487204)
110. Stahnke H, Reemtsma T, Alder L,. 2009. Compensation of matrix effects by postcolumn infusion of a monitor substance in multiresidue analysis with LC-MS/MS. Anal Chem 81: 2185-2192.
111. Steen RJCA, Hogenboom AC, Leonards PEG, Peerboom RAL, Cofino WP, Brinkman UATh,. 1999. Ultra-trace-level determination of polar pesticides and their transformation products in surface and estuarine water samples using column liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 857: 157-166.
112. Stokvis E, Rosing H, Beijnen JH,. 2005. Stable isotopically labeled internal standard in quantitative bioanalysis using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry: Necessity or not ? Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 19: 401-407. (Pubitemid 40203858)
113. Stoob K, Singer HP, Goetz CW, Ruff M, Mueller SR,. 2005. Fully automated online solid phase extraction coupled directly to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: Quantification of sulfonamide antibiotics, neutral and acidic pesticides at low concentrations in surface waters. J Chromatogr A 1097: 138-147. (Pubitemid 41628151)
114. Stüber M, Reemtsma T,. 2004. Evaluation of three calibration methods to compensate matrix effects in environmental analysis with LC-ESI-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 378: 910-916. (Pubitemid 40890202)
115. Sun Z, Schssler W, Sengl M, Niessner R, Knopp D,. 2008. Selective trace analysis of diclofenac in surface and wastewater samples using solid-phase extraction with a new molecularly imprinted polymer. Anal Chim Acta 620: 73-81.
116. Sunner J, Nicol G, Kebarle P,. 1988. Factors determining relative sensitivity of analytes in positive mode atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 60: 1300-1307.
117. Tachon R, Pichon V, Barbe Le Borgne M, Minet JJ,. 2008. Comparison of solid-phase extraction sorbents for sample clean-up in the analysis of organic explosives. J Chromatogr A 1185: 1-8.
118. Tang L, Kebarle P,. 1993. Dependence of ion intensity in electrospray mass spectrometry on the concentration of the analytes in the electrosprayed solution. Anal Chem 65: 3654-3668.
119. Taylor PJ,. 2005. Matrix effects: The Achilles heel of quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray-tandem mass spectrometry. Clin Biochem 38: 328-334. (Pubitemid 40342863)
120. Tong XCS, Wang JY, Zheng S, Pivnichny JV, Griffin PR, Shen XL, Donnely M, Vakerich K, Nunes C, Fenyk-Melody J,. 2002. Effect of signal interference from dosing excipients on pharmacokinetic screening of drug candidates by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 74: 6305-6313. (Pubitemid 36025177)
121. Tonidandel L, Seraglia R,. 2007. Matrix effect, signal suppression and enhancement in LC-ESI-MS. In:, Cappiello A, editor. Advances in LC-MS instrumentation. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier Publications. pp 193-210.
122. Van De Steene JC, Mortier KA, Lambert WE,. 2006. Tackling matrix effects during development of a liquid chromatographic-electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometric analysis of nine basic pharmaceuticals in aqueous environmental samples. J Chromatogr A 1123: 71-81.
123. Van Eeckhaut A, Lanckmans K, Sarre S, Smolders I, Michotte Y,. 2009. Validation of bioanalytical LC-MS/MS assays: Evaluation of matrix effects. J Chromatogr B 23: 2198-2207.
124. van Hout MWJ, Hofland CM, Niederländer HAG, de Jong GJ,. 2000. On-line coupling for solid-phase extraction with mass spectrometry for the analysis of biological samples. II. Determination of clenbuterol in urine using multiple-stage mass spectrometry in an ion-trap mass spectrometer. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 14: 2103-2111.
125. Vanderford BJ, Pearson RA, Rexing DJ, Snyder SA,. 2003. Analysis of endocrine disruptors, pharmaceutical and personal care products in water using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 75: 6265-6274. (Pubitemid 37420621)
126. Verzegnassi L, Savoy-Perroud MC, Stadler RH,. 2002. Application of liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry to the detection of 10 sulfonamides in honey. J Chromatogr A 977: 77-87. (Pubitemid 35335373)
127. Wang S, Cyronak M, Yang E,. 2007. Does a stable isotopically labeled internal standard always correct analyte response? A matrix effect study on a LC/MS/MS method for the determination of carvedilol enantiomers in human plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 43: 701-707. (Pubitemid 46001699)
128. Weaver R, Riley RJ,. 2006. Identification and reduction of ion suppression effects on pharmacokinetic parameters by polyethylene glycol 400. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 20: 2559-2564. (Pubitemid 44320210)
129. Wilm M, Mann M,. 1996. Analytical properties of the nanoelectrospray ion source. Anal Chem 68: 1-8.
130. Wood M, Laloup M, Ramirez Fernandez M, Jenkins KM, Young MS, Ramaekers JG, De Boeck G, Samyn N,. 2005. Quantitative analysis of multiple illicit drugs in preserved oral fluid by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Forensic Sci Int 150: 227-238. (Pubitemid 41583227)
131. Wood M, Laloup M, Samync N, del Mar Ramirez Fernandez M, de Bruijn EA, Maesb RAA, De Boeck G,. 2006. Recent applications of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in forensic science. J Chromatogr A 1130: 3-15. (Pubitemid 44425267)
132. Wu ST, Schoener D, Jemal M,. 2008. Plasma phospholipids implicated in the matrix effect observed in liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry bioanalysis: Evaluation of the use of colloidal silica in combination with divalent or trivalent cations for the selective removal of phospholipids from plasma. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 22: 2873-2881.
133. Xu X, Mei H, Wang S, Zhou Q, Wang G, Broske L, Pena A, Korfmacher WA,. 2005. A study of common discovery dosing formulation components and their potential for causing time-dependent matrix effects in high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry assays. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 19: 2643-2650. (Pubitemid 41338607)
134. Xu RN, Fan L, Rieser MJ, EI-Shourbagy TA,. 2007. Recent advances in high-throughput quantitative bioanalysis by LC-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 44: 342-355. (Pubitemid 46880094)
135. Yu Z, Peng P, Sheng G, Fu J,. 2008. Determination of hexabromocyclododecane diastereoisomers in air and soil by liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1190: 74-79.
136. Zhao Z, Metcalfe CD,. 2008. Characterizing and compensating for matrix effects using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization liquid-chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry: Analysis of neutral pharmaceuticals in municipal wastewater. Anal Chem 80: 2010-2017. (Pubitemid 351458046)
137. Zhou S, Cook KD,. 2001. A mechanistic study of electrospray mass spectrometry: Charge gradients within electrospray droplets and their influence on ion response. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 12: 206-214. (Pubitemid 34546637)
138. Zorita S, Boydb B, Jönssonb S, Yilmazb E, Svenssona C, Mathiassona L, Bergströmb S,. 2008. Selective determination of acidic pharmaceuticals in wastewater using molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction. Anal Chim Acta 626: 147-154.
139. Zrostlíková J, Hajšlová J, Poustka J, Begany P,. 2002. Alternative calibration approaches to compensate the effect of co-extracted matrix components in liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry analysis of pesticide residues in plant materials. J Chromatogr A 973: 13-26. (Pubitemid 35279200)