메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue 10, 2010, Pages 1045-1058

Nrf2 establishes a glutathione-mediated gradient of UVB cytoprotection in the epidermis

Author keywords

Apoptosis; Glutathione; Nrf2; Reactive oxygen species; UVB

Indexed keywords

GLUTATHIONE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR NRF2;

EID: 77952374580     PISSN: 08909369     EISSN: 15495477     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1101/gad.568810     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (146)

References (56)
  • 1
    • 14644425437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanogenesis: A photoprotective response to DNA damage?
    • Agar N, Young AR. 2005. Melanogenesis: A photoprotective response to DNA damage? Mutat Res 571: 121-132.
    • (2005) Mutat Res , vol.571 , pp. 121-132
    • Agar, N.1    Young, A.R.2
  • 4
    • 34250767177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roles and mechanisms of action of the Nrf2 transcription factor in skin morphogenesis, wound repair and skin cancer
    • Beyer TA, Auf dem Keller U, Braun S, Schafer M, Werner S. 2007. Roles and mechanisms of action of the Nrf2 transcription factor in skin morphogenesis, wound repair and skin cancer. Cell Death Differ 14: 1250-1254.
    • (2007) Cell Death Differ , vol.14 , pp. 1250-1254
    • Beyer, T.A.1    Auf Dem Keller, U.2    Braun, S.3    Schafer, M.4    Werner, S.5
  • 5
    • 33751112220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of skin disease
    • Bickers DR, Athar M. 2006. Oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of skin disease. J Invest Dermatol 126: 2565-2575.
    • (2006) J Invest Dermatol , vol.126 , pp. 2565-2575
    • Bickers, D.R.1    Athar, M.2
  • 6
    • 0345862188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of non-melanoma skin cancer by targeting ultraviolet-B-light signalling
    • Bowden GT. 2004. Prevention of non-melanoma skin cancer by targeting ultraviolet-B-light signalling. Nat Rev Cancer 4: 23-35.
    • (2004) Nat Rev Cancer , vol.4 , pp. 23-35
    • Bowden, G.T.1
  • 7
    • 0036318224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nrf2 transcription factor, a novel target of keratinocyte growth factor action which regulates gene expression and inflammation in the healing skin wound
    • Braun S, Hanselmann C, Gassmann MG, auf dem Keller U, Born-Berclaz C, Chan K, Kan YW, Werner S. 2002. Nrf2 transcription factor, a novel target of keratinocyte growth factor action which regulates gene expression and inflammation in the healing skin wound. Mol Cell Biol 22: 5492-5505.
    • (2002) Mol Cell Biol , vol.22 , pp. 5492-5505
    • Braun, S.1    Hanselmann, C.2    Gassmann, M.G.3    Auf Dem Keller, U.4    Born-Berclaz, C.5    Chan, K.6    Kan, Y.W.7    Werner, S.8
  • 8
    • 1642555946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance to UV-Induced Apoptosis in Human Keratinocytes during Accelerated Senescence Is Associated with Functional Inactivation of p53
    • DOI 10.1002/jcp.10392
    • Chaturvedi V, Qin JZ, Stennett L, Choubey D, Nickoloff BJ. 2004. Resistance to UV-induced apoptosis in human keratinocytes during accelerated senescence is associated with functional inactivation of p53. J Cell Physiol 198: 100-109. (Pubitemid 38120970)
    • (2004) Journal of Cellular Physiology , vol.198 , Issue.1 , pp. 100-109
    • Chaturvedi, V.1    Qin, J.-Z.2    Stennett, L.3    Choubey, D.4    Nickoloff, B.J.5
  • 9
    • 0022580553 scopus 로고
    • Expression of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in normal and neoplastic epithelial cells of human skin: A marker for distinguishing malignant epithelial tumours
    • Chiba M, Jimbow K. 1986. Expression of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in normal and neoplastic epithelial cells of human skin: A marker for distinguishing malignant epithelial tumours. Br J Dermatol 114: 459-464. (Pubitemid 16101426)
    • (1986) British Journal of Dermatology , vol.114 , Issue.4 , pp. 459-464
    • Chiba, M.1    Jimbow, K.2
  • 10
    • 0025095302 scopus 로고
    • Role of amino acid transport and countertransport in nutrition and metabolism
    • Christensen HN. 1990. Role of amino acid transport and countertransport in nutrition and metabolism. Physiol Rev 70: 43-77.
    • (1990) Physiol Rev , vol.70 , pp. 43-77
    • Christensen, H.N.1
  • 11
    • 5344280431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetically altered mice to evaluate glutathione homeostasis in health and disease
    • DOI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.06.040, PII S0891584904005349
    • Dalton TP, Chen Y, Schneider SN, Nebert DW, Shertzer HG. 2004. Genetically altered mice to evaluate glutathione homeostasis in health and disease. Free Radic Biol Med 37: 1511-1526. (Pubitemid 39349798)
    • (2004) Free Radical Biology and Medicine , vol.37 , Issue.10 , pp. 1511-1526
    • Dalton, T.P.1    Chen, Y.2    Schneider, S.N.3    Nebert, D.W.4    Shertzer, H.G.5
  • 12
    • 0029990439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astrocytes protect neurons from hydrogen peroxide toxicity
    • Desagher S, Glowinski J, Premont J. 1996. Astrocytes protect neurons from hydrogen peroxide toxicity. J Neurosci 16: 2553-2562. (Pubitemid 26122677)
    • (1996) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.16 , Issue.8 , pp. 2553-2562
    • Desagher, S.1    Glowinski, J.2    Premont, J.3
  • 13
    • 0018080311 scopus 로고
    • Localization and significance of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase in normal and neoplastic mouse skin
    • De Young LM, Richards WL, Bonzelet W, Tsai LL, Boutwell RK. 1978. Localization and significance of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase in normal and neoplastic mouse skin. Cancer Res 38: 3697-3701.
    • (1978) Cancer Res , vol.38 , pp. 3697-3701
    • De Young, L.M.1    Richards, W.L.2    Bonzelet, W.3    Tsai, L.L.4    Boutwell, R.K.5
  • 14
    • 70149093188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of activator protein-1 by sulforaphane involves interaction with cysteine in the cFos DNA-binding domain: Implications for chemoprevention of UVB-induced skin cancer
    • Dickinson SE, Melton TF, Olson ER, Zhang J, Saboda K, Bowden GT. 2009. Inhibition of activator protein-1 by sulforaphane involves interaction with cysteine in the cFos DNA-binding domain: Implications for chemoprevention of UVB-induced skin cancer. Cancer Res 69: 7103-7110.
    • (2009) Cancer Res , vol.69 , pp. 7103-7110
    • Dickinson, S.E.1    Melton, T.F.2    Olson, E.R.3    Zhang, J.4    Saboda, K.5    Bowden, G.T.6
  • 16
    • 33847036712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrophilic chemicals but not UV irradiation or reactive oxygen species activate Nrf2 in keratinocytes in vitro and in vivo
    • Durchdewald M, Beyer TA, Johnson DA, Johnson JA, Werner S, auf dem Keller U. 2007. Electrophilic chemicals but not UV irradiation or reactive oxygen species activate Nrf2 in keratinocytes in vitro and in vivo. J Invest Dermatol 127: 646-653.
    • (2007) J Invest Dermatol , vol.127 , pp. 646-653
    • Durchdewald, M.1    Beyer, T.A.2    Johnson, D.A.3    Johnson, J.A.4    Werner, S.5    Auf Dem Keller, U.6
  • 17
    • 34248547027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sulforaphane as a promising molecule for fighting cancer
    • DOI 10.1016/j.mrrev.2006.10.004, PII S1383574206000949
    • Fimognari C, Hrelia P. 2007. Sulforaphane as a promising molecule for fighting cancer. Mutat Res 635: 90-104. (Pubitemid 46756397)
    • (2007) Mutation Research - Reviews in Mutation Research , vol.635 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 90-104
    • Fimognari, C.1    Hrelia, P.2
  • 19
    • 0025877826 scopus 로고
    • Effect of glutathione depletion on sunburn cell formation in the hairless mouse
    • Hanada K, Gange RW, Connor MJ. 1991. Effect of glutathione depletion on sunburn cell formation in the hairless mouse. J Invest Dermatol 96: 838-840.
    • (1991) J Invest Dermatol , vol.96 , pp. 838-840
    • Hanada, K.1    Gange, R.W.2    Connor, M.J.3
  • 21
    • 0032953192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Keap1 represses nuclear activation of antioxidant responsive elements by Nrf2 through binding to the amino-terminal Neh2 domain
    • Itoh K, Wakabayashi N, Katoh Y, Ishii T, Igarashi K, Engel JD, Yamamoto M. 1999. Keap1 represses nuclear activation of antioxidant responsive elements by Nrf2 through binding to the amino-terminal Neh2 domain. Genes & Dev 13: 76-86. (Pubitemid 29045117)
    • (1999) Genes and Development , vol.13 , Issue.1 , pp. 76-86
    • Itoh, K.1    Wakabayashi, N.2    Katoh, Y.3    Ishii, T.4    Igarashi, K.5    Engel, J.D.6    Yamamoto, M.7
  • 22
    • 36448986029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultraviolet B-induced alterations of the skin barrier and epidermal calcium gradient
    • Jiang SJ, Chu AW, Lu ZF, Pan MH, Che DF, Zhou XJ. 2007. Ultraviolet B-induced alterations of the skin barrier and epidermal calcium gradient. Exp Dermatol 16: 985-992.
    • (2007) Exp Dermatol , vol.16 , pp. 985-992
    • Jiang, S.J.1    Chu, A.W.2    Lu, Z.F.3    Pan, M.H.4    Che, D.F.5    Zhou, X.J.6
  • 23
    • 0036319473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of the antioxidant response element in primary cortical neuronal cultures derived from transgenic reporter mice
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00913.x
    • Johnson DA, Andrews GK, Xu W, Johnson JA. 2002. Activation of the antioxidant response element in primary cortical neuronal cultures derived from transgenic reporter mice. J Neurochem 81: 1233-1241. (Pubitemid 34809257)
    • (2002) Journal of Neurochemistry , vol.81 , Issue.6 , pp. 1233-1241
    • Johnson, D.A.1    Andrews, G.K.2    Xu, W.3    Johnson, J.A.4
  • 24
    • 33749029694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low and high dose UVB regulation of transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2
    • DOI 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-1181
    • Kannan S, Jaiswal AK. 2006. Low and high dose UVB regulation of transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2. Cancer Res 66: 8421-8429. (Pubitemid 44449153)
    • (2006) Cancer Research , vol.66 , Issue.17 , pp. 8421-8429
    • Kannan, S.1    Jaiswal, A.K.2
  • 25
    • 45349091113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attenuation of UVB-induced sunburn reaction and oxidative DNA damage with no alterations in UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis in Nrf2 gene-deficient mice
    • Kawachi Y, Xu X, Taguchi S, Sakurai H, Nakamura Y, Ishii Y, Fujisawa Y, Furuta J, Takahashi T, Itoh K, et al. 2008. Attenuation of UVB-induced sunburn reaction and oxidative DNA damage with no alterations in UVB-induced skin carcinogenesis in Nrf2 gene-deficient mice. J Invest Dermatol 128: 1773-1779.
    • (2008) J Invest Dermatol , vol.128 , pp. 1773-1779
    • Kawachi, Y.1    Xu, X.2    Taguchi, S.3    Sakurai, H.4    Nakamura, Y.5    Ishii, Y.6    Fujisawa, Y.7    Furuta, J.8    Takahashi, T.9    Itoh, K.10
  • 26
    • 33847050801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell survival responses to environmental stresses via the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway
    • DOI 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.46.120604.141046
    • Kensler TW, Wakabayashi N, Biswal S. 2007. Cell survival responses to environmental stresses via the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 47: 89-116. (Pubitemid 46272125)
    • (2007) Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology , vol.47 , pp. 89-116
    • Kensler, T.W.1    Wakabayashi, N.2    Biswal, S.3
  • 27
    • 30144433165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • γ-Glutamyltranspeptidase: Disulfide bridges, propeptide cleavage, and activation in the endoplasmic reticulum
    • Kinlough CL, Poland PA, Bruns JB, Hughey RP. 2005. γ- Glutamyltranspeptidase: Disulfide bridges, propeptide cleavage, and activation in the endoplasmic reticulum. Methods Enzymol 401: 426-449.
    • (2005) Methods Enzymol , vol.401 , pp. 426-449
    • Kinlough, C.L.1    Poland, P.A.2    Bruns, J.B.3    Hughey, R.P.4
  • 28
    • 67649648241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone counteracts the suppressive effect of UVB on Nrf2 and Nrf-dependent gene expression in human skin
    • Kokot A, Metze D, Mouchet N, Galibert MD, Schiller M, Luger TA, Bohm M. 2009. α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone counteracts the suppressive effect of UVB on Nrf2 and Nrf-dependent gene expression in human skin. Endocrinology 150: 3197-3206.
    • (2009) Endocrinology , vol.150 , pp. 3197-3206
    • Kokot, A.1    Metze, D.2    Mouchet, N.3    Galibert, M.D.4    Schiller, M.5    Luger, T.A.6    Bohm, M.7
  • 29
    • 0037194610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA damage, death receptor activation and reactive oxygen species contribute to ultraviolet radiation-induced apoptosis in an essential and independent way
    • Kulms D, Zeise E, Poppelmann B, Schwarz T. 2002. DNA damage, death receptor activation and reactive oxygen species contribute to ultraviolet radiation-induced apoptosis in an essential and independent way. Oncogene 21: 5844-5851.
    • (2002) Oncogene , vol.21 , pp. 5844-5851
    • Kulms, D.1    Zeise, E.2    Poppelmann, B.3    Schwarz, T.4
  • 30
    • 33845911313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxiredoxin 6 is a potent cytoprotective enzyme in the epidermis
    • Kumin A, Huber C, Rulicke T, Wolf E, Werner S. 2006. Peroxiredoxin 6 is a potent cytoprotective enzyme in the epidermis. Am J Pathol 169: 1194-1205.
    • (2006) Am J Pathol , vol.169 , pp. 1194-1205
    • Kumin, A.1    Huber, C.2    Rulicke, T.3    Wolf, E.4    Werner, S.5
  • 33
    • 31544461788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the transdermal transport of flurbiprofen and indomethacin
    • Li Q, Tsuji H, Kato Y, Sai Y, Kubo Y, Tsuji A. 2006. Characterization of the transdermal transport of flurbiprofen and indomethacin. J Control Release 110: 542-556.
    • (2006) J Control Release , vol.110 , pp. 542-556
    • Li, Q.1    Tsuji, H.2    Kato, Y.3    Sai, Y.4    Kubo, Y.5    Tsuji, A.6
  • 35
    • 42949126711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • - cystine/glutamate antiporter: A potential target for therapy of cancer and other diseases
    • - cystine/glutamate antiporter: A potential target for therapy of cancer and other diseases. J Cell Physiol 215: 593-602.
    • (2008) J Cell Physiol , vol.215 , pp. 593-602
    • Lo, M.1    Wang, Y.Z.2    Gout, P.W.3
  • 36
    • 65049089113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of glutathione synthesis
    • Lu SC. 2009. Regulation of glutathione synthesis. Mol Aspects Med 30: 42-59.
    • (2009) Mol Aspects Med , vol.30 , pp. 42-59
    • Lu, S.C.1
  • 38
    • 41049099735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The significance of Nrf2 pathway in (photo)-oxidative stress response in melanocytes and keratinocytes of the human epidermis
    • Marrot L, Jones C, Perez P, Meunier JR. 2008. The significance of Nrf2 pathway in (photo)-oxidative stress response in melanocytes and keratinocytes of the human epidermis. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 21: 79-88.
    • (2008) Pigment Cell Melanoma Res , vol.21 , pp. 79-88
    • Marrot, L.1    Jones, C.2    Perez, P.3    Meunier, J.R.4
  • 41
    • 0018644096 scopus 로고
    • The separation of basal and differentiating cells from human epidermis for DNA cytofluorometry
    • Sasai Y, Kawamura K, Namba K. 1979. The separation of basal and differentiating cells from human epidermis for DNA cytofluorometry. Histochemistry 63: 265-272.
    • (1979) Histochemistry , vol.63 , pp. 265-272
    • Sasai, Y.1    Kawamura, K.2    Namba, K.3
  • 42
    • 13444266607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of calcium concentration on the SOD activity and UVB-induced cytotoxicity in cultured human keratinocytes
    • Sasaki H, Itoh T, Akamatsu H, Okamoto H, Horio T. 2005. Effects of calcium concentration on the SOD activity and UVB-induced cytotoxicity in cultured human keratinocytes. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 21: 9-14.
    • (2005) Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed , vol.21 , pp. 9-14
    • Sasaki, H.1    Itoh, T.2    Akamatsu, H.3    Okamoto, H.4    Horio, T.5
  • 43
    • 0037996661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coordinate regulation of glutathione biosynthesis and release by Nrf2-expressing glia potently protects neurons from oxidative stress
    • Shih AY, Johnson DA, Wong G, Kraft AD, Jiang L, Erb H, Johnson JA, Murphy TH. 2003. Coordinate regulation of glutathione biosynthesis and release by Nrf2-expressing glia potently protects neurons from oxidative stress. J Neurosci 23: 3394-3406.
    • (2003) J Neurosci , vol.23 , pp. 3394-3406
    • Shih, A.Y.1    Johnson, D.A.2    Wong, G.3    Kraft, A.D.4    Jiang, L.5    Erb, H.6    Johnson, J.A.7    Murphy, T.H.8
  • 44
    • 0032912586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mouse Sprr2 genes: A clustered family of genes showing differential expression in epithelial tissues
    • Song HJ, Poy G, Darwiche N, Lichti U, Kuroki T, Steinert PM, Kartasova T. 1999. Mouse Sprr2 genes: A clustered family of genes showing differential expression in epithelial tissues. Genomics 55: 28-42.
    • (1999) Genomics , vol.55 , pp. 28-42
    • Song, H.J.1    Poy, G.2    Darwiche, N.3    Lichti, U.4    Kuroki, T.5    Steinert, P.M.6    Kartasova, T.7
  • 45
    • 53149110452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of sulfiredoxin expression and reduction of peroxiredoxin hyperoxidation by the neuroprotective Nrf2 activator 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione
    • Soriano FX, Leveille F, Papadia S, Higgins LG, Varley J, Baxter P, Hayes JD, Hardingham GE. 2008. Induction of sulfiredoxin expression and reduction of peroxiredoxin hyperoxidation by the neuroprotective Nrf2 activator 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione. J Neurochem 107: 533-543.
    • (2008) J Neurochem , vol.107 , pp. 533-543
    • Soriano, F.X.1    Leveille, F.2    Papadia, S.3    Higgins, L.G.4    Varley, J.5    Baxter, P.6    Hayes, J.D.7    Hardingham, G.E.8
  • 46
    • 0016429912 scopus 로고
    • Sulfhydryl dependence in primary explant hematopoietic cells. Inhibition of growth in vitro with vitamin B12 compounds
    • Toohey JI. 1975. Sulfhydryl dependence in primary explant hematopoietic cells. Inhibition of growth in vitro with vitamin B12 compounds. Proc Natl Acad Sci 72: 73-77.
    • (1975) Proc Natl Acad Sci , vol.72 , pp. 73-77
    • Toohey, J.I.1
  • 47
    • 0023975549 scopus 로고
    • Correlation between endogenous glutathione content and sensitivity of cultured human skin cells to radiation at defined wavelengths in the solar ultraviolet range
    • Tyrrell RM, Pidoux M. 1988. Correlation between endogenous glutathione content and sensitivity of cultured human skin cells to radiation at defined wavelengths in the solar ultraviolet range. Photochem Photobiol 47: 405-412.
    • (1988) Photochem Photobiol , vol.47 , pp. 405-412
    • Tyrrell, R.M.1    Pidoux, M.2
  • 48
    • 33344464285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive response of the skin to UVB damage: Role of the p53 protein
    • Verschooten L, Declercq L, Garmyn M. 2006. Adaptive response of the skin to UVB damage: Role of the p53 protein. Int J Cosmet Sci 28: 1-7.
    • (2006) Int J Cosmet Sci , vol.28 , pp. 1-7
    • Verschooten, L.1    Declercq, L.2    Garmyn, M.3
  • 49
    • 0028967472 scopus 로고
    • Differentiation-induced enhancement of the ability of cultured human keratinocytes to suppress oxidative stress
    • Vessey DA, Lee KH, Boyer TD. 1995. Differentiation-induced enhancement of the ability of cultured human keratinocytes to suppress oxidative stress. J Invest Dermatol 104: 355-358.
    • (1995) J Invest Dermatol , vol.104 , pp. 355-358
    • Vessey, D.A.1    Lee, K.H.2    Boyer, T.D.3
  • 51
    • 0001412747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astrocytes provide cysteine to neurons by releasing glutathione
    • Wang XF, Cynader MS. 2000. Astrocytes provide cysteine to neurons by releasing glutathione. J Neurochem 74: 1434-1442.
    • (2000) J Neurochem , vol.74 , pp. 1434-1442
    • Wang, X.F.1    Cynader, M.S.2
  • 52
    • 0031000208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional antioxidant responsive elements
    • Wasserman WW, Fahl WE. 1997. Functional antioxidant responsive elements. Proc Natl Acad Sci 94: 5361-5366.
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci , vol.94 , pp. 5361-5366
    • Wasserman, W.W.1    Fahl, W.E.2
  • 53
    • 0027305161 scopus 로고
    • Targeted expression of a dominant-negative FGF receptor mutant in the epidermis of transgenic mice reveals a role of FGF in keratinocyte organization and differentiation
    • Werner S, Weinberg W, Liao X, Peters KG, Blessing M, Yuspa SH, Weiner RL, Williams LT. 1993. Targeted expression of a dominant-negative FGF receptor mutant in the epidermis of transgenic mice reveals a role of FGF in keratinocyte organization and differentiation. EMBO J 12: 2635-2643.
    • (1993) EMBO J , vol.12 , pp. 2635-2643
    • Werner, S.1    Weinberg, W.2    Liao, X.3    Peters, K.G.4    Blessing, M.5    Yuspa, S.H.6    Weiner, R.L.7    Williams, L.T.8
  • 55
    • 0023640692 scopus 로고
    • The sunburn cell
    • Young AR. 1987. The sunburn cell. Photodermatol 4: 127-134.
    • (1987) Photodermatol , vol.4 , pp. 127-134
    • Young, A.R.1
  • 56
    • 9144229151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanism(s) for UV-B irradiation-induced glutathione depletion in cultured human keratinocytes
    • Zhu M, Bowden GT. 2004. Molecular mechanism(s) for UV-B irradiation-induced glutathione depletion in cultured human keratinocytes. Photochem Photobiol 80: 191-196.
    • (2004) Photochem Photobiol , vol.80 , pp. 191-196
    • Zhu, M.1    Bowden, G.T.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.