The impact of group composition and attitudes towards diversity on anticipated outcomes of diversity in groups

Group Processes and Intergroup Relations

Volumn 12, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 257-280

  van Oudenhoven van der Zee, Karen ^a   Paulus, Paul ^b   Vos, Menno ^a   Parthasarathy, Niveditha ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GRONINGEN   (Netherlands)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT ARLINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

Anticipated outcomes; Attitudes; Diversity; Workgroups

Indexed keywords

EID: 61749101726     PISSN: 13684302     EISSN: 14617188     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1368430208101347     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. Abrams, D., & Hogg, M. A. (Eds.) (1990). Social identification, self-categorization, and social influence. European Review of Social Psychology, 1, 195-228.
2. Arthur, W., & Bennett, W. (1995). The international assignee: The relative importance of factors perceived to contribute to success. Personnel Psychology, 48, 99-114.
3. Ashby, W.R. (1956). An introduction to cybernetics. New York: Wiley.
4. Austin, J.R. (1997). A cognitive framework for understanding demographic influences in groups. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 5, 342-360.
5. Avery, D.R. (2003). Reactions to diversity in recruitment advertising - Are differences black and white ? Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 672-679.
6. Avery, D.R., Hernandez, M., & Hebl, M.R. (2004). Who's watching the race? Racial salience in recruitment advertising. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 34, 146-161.
7. Berry, J.W. (2006). Mutual attitudes among immigrants and ethnocultural groups in Canada. International Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, 30, 719-734.
8. Bowers, C.A., Pharmer, J.A., & Salas, E. (2000). When member homogeneity is needed in work teams: A meta-analysis. Small Group Research, 31, 305-327.
9. Brewer, M.B. (1979). Ingroup bias in the minimal intergroup situation: A cognitive-motivational analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 17, 475-482.
10. Brewer, M.B. (2007). The importance of being we: Human nature and intergroup relations. American Psychologist, 62, 728-738.
11. Byrne, D.S. (1999). Social exclusion. Buckingham: Open University Press.
12. Costa, A.C. (2006, December). Bases for developing trust in project teams: The role of prior links and of establishing the rules of the game. International Symposium on social capital and trust in organizations of the BBVA Foundation and the IVIE, Madrid.
13. Cox, T. (1993). Cultural diversity in organizations: Theory, research and practice. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler.
14. Cox, T., & Beale, R. (1997). Developing competency to manage diversity. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler.
15. Cox, T.H., & Blake, S. (1991). Managing cultural diversity: Implications for organizational competitiveness. The Executive, 5, 45-56.
16. Cox, T.H., Lobel, S.A., & McLeod, P.L. (1991). Effect of ethnic group cultural differences on cooperative and competitive behavior on a group task. Academy of Management Journal, 34, 827-847.
17. Crisp, R.J., & Hewstone, M. (1999). Differential evaluation of crossed category groups: Patterns, processes, and reducing intergroup bias. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 2, 307-333.
18. Crisp, R.J., & Hewstone, M. (2007). Multiple social categorization. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 39, pp. 163-254). San Diego, CA: Elsevier.
19. De Meuse, K., & Hostager, T. (2001). Developing an instrument for measuring attitudes toward and perceptions of workplace diversity: An initial report. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 12, 33-51.
20. Deschamps, J.C., & Doise, W. (1978). Crossed-category membership in intergroup relations. In H. Tajfel (Ed.), Differentiation between social groups (pp. 141-158). London: Academic Press.
21. Ely, R.J., & Thomas, D.A. (2001). Cultural diversity at work: The effects of diversity perspectives on work group processes and outcomes. Administrative Science Quarterly, 46, 229-273.
22. Fine, M.G. (1995). Building successful multicultural organizations: Challenges and opportunities. Westport, CT: Quorum Books.
23. Fiske, S.T. (1998). Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination. In D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), Handbook of social psychology (Vol. 2, pp. 357-411). New York: McGraw-Hill.
24. Fiske, S.K., & Neuberg, S.L. (1990). A continuum model of impression formation: From category-based to individuating processes as a function of information, motivation, and attention. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental psychology (Vol. 23, pp. 1-108). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
25. Gibson, C., & Vermeulen, F. (2003). A healthy divide: Subgroups as a stimulus for team learning behavior. Administrative Science Quarterly, 48, 202-239.
26. Harrison, D.A., & Klein, K.J. (2007). What's the difference?: Diversity constructs as separation, variety, or disparity in organizations. Academy of Management Review, 32, 1199-1228.
27. Harrison, D.A., Price, K.H., & Bell, M.P. (1998). Beyond relational demography: Time and the effects of surface- and deep-level diversity on work group cohesion. Academy of Management Journal, 41, 96-107.
28. Hofstede, G. (1984). Culture's consequences. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
29. Hogg, M.A. (2000). Subjective uncertainty reduction through self-categorization: A motivational theory of social identity processes. In W. Stroebe & M. Hewstone (Eds.), European Review of Social Psychology (Vol. 11, pp. 223-255). Chichester: Wiley.
30. Hogg, M.A., & Abrams, D. (1988). Social identifications: A social psychology of intergroup relations and group processes. London: Routledge.
31. Homan, A.C., Hollenbeck, J.R., Humphrey, S.E., van Knippenberg, D., Ilgen, D.R., & van Kleef, G.A. (2008). Facing differences with an open mind: Openness to experience, salience of intra-group differences, and performance of diverse groups. The Academy of Management Journal, 51, 1204-1222.
32. Homan, A.C., van Knippenberg, D., van Kleef, G.A., & De Dreu, C.K.W. (2007). Interacting dimensions of diversity: Cross-categorization and the functioning of diverse work groups. Group Dynamics: Research, Theory, and Practice, 11, 79-94.
33. Jackson, S.E., Brett, J.F., Sessa, V.I., Cooper, D.M., Julin, J.A., & Peyronnin, K. (1991). Some differences make a difference: Individual dissimilarity and group heterogeneity as correlates of recruitment, promotions, and turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 76, 675-689.
34. Jehn, K.A., Northcraft, G.B., & Neale, M.A. (1999). Why differences make a difference: A field study of diversity, conflict, and performance in workgroups. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44, 741-763.
35. Kerr, N.L., & Levine, J.M. (2008). The detection of social exclusion: Evolution and beyond. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research and Practice, 12, 39-52.
36. Kitano, H., & Sue, S. (1973). The model minorities. Journal of Social Issues, 29, 1-10.
37. Lau, D.C., & Murnighan, J.K. (1998). Demographic diversity and faultlines: The compositional dynamics of organizational groups. Academy of Management Review, 23, 325-340.
38. Lau, D.C., & Murnighan, J.K. (2005). Interactions within groups and subgroups: The effects of demographic faultlines. Academy of Management Journal, 48, 645-659.
39. Li, J.T., & Hambrick, D.C. (2005). Factional groups: A new vantage on demographic faultlines, conflict, and disintegration in work teams. Academy of Management Journal, 48, 794-813.
40. Ling, S., C. (1990). The effects of group cultural composition and cultural attitudes on performance of blacks and whites, using a black and white TAT: With black and white administrators. Journal of Applied Psychology, 65, 685-696.
41. Mannix, E., & Neale, M.A. (2005). What difference makes a difference?: The promise and reality of diverse groups in organizations. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 6, 31-55.
42. McLeod, P.L., & Lobel, S.A. (1992). The effects of ethnic diversity on idea generation in small groups. Academy of Management Best Papers Proceedings, 227-231.
43. McLeod, P.L., Lobel, S.A., & Cox, T.H. (1996). Ethnic diversity and creativity in small groups. Small Group Research, 27, 248-264.
44. Messick, D.M., & Mackie, D.M. (1989). Intergroup relations. Annual Review of Psychology, 40, 45-81.
45. Milliken, F.J., Bartel, C.A., & Kurtzberg, T.R. (2003). Diversity and creativity in work groups: A dynamic perspective on the affective and cognitive processes that link diversity and performance. In P. B. Paulus & B. A. Nijstad (Eds.), Group creativity: Innovation through collaboration (pp. 32-62). New York: Oxford University Press.
46. Milliken, F.J., & Martins, L.L. (1996). Searching for common threads: Understanding the multiple effects of diversity in organizational groups. Academy of Management Review, 21, 403-433.
47. Mullen, B., Migdal, M.J., & Hewstone, M. (2001). Crossed categorization versus simple categorization and intergroup evaluations: A meta-analysis. European Journal of Social Psychology, 31, 721-736.
48. Nakui, T., Paulus, P., & Van der Zee, K.I. (2008). The role of attitudes in reactions to diversity in work groups. Manuscript submitted for publication.
49. Newcomb, T.M. (1956). The prediction of interpersonal attraction. Psychological Review, 60, 393-404.
50. Nunnally, J.C. (1978). Psychometric theory (2 nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
51. Ones, D.S., & Viswesvaran, C. (1997). Personality determinants in the prediction of aspects of expatriate job success. In D. M. Saunders & Z. Aycan (Eds.), New approaches to employee management (Vol. 4, pp. 63-92). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
52. Parthasarathy, N. (2006). Perception of diversity. Unpublished Master Thesis, University of Texas at Arlington.
53. Petty, R.E., & Cacciopo, J.T. (1986). The elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 19, pp. 123-205). New York: Academic Press.
54. Phillips, K.W., Mannix, E.A., Neale, M.A., & Gruenfeld, D.H. (2004). Diverse groups and information sharing: The effects of congruent ties. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 40, 497-510.
55. Ridgeway, C.L. (2001). Gender, status, and leadership. Journal of Social Issues, 57, 637-655.
56. Ridgeway, C.L., & Berger, J. (1986). Expectations, legitimation, and dominance behavior in task groups. American Sociological Review, 51, 603-617.
57. Riordan, C., & Shore, L. (1997). Demographic diversity and employee attitudes: Examination of relational demography within work units. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82, 342-358.
58. Scheepers, D., & Ellemers, N. (2005). When the pressure is up: The assessment of threats to social identity in low and high status groups. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 41, 192-200.
59. Schneider, S.K., & Northcraft, G.B. (1999). Three social dilemmas of workplace diversity in organizations: A social identity perspective. Human Relations, 52, 1445-1467.
60. Spector, M.D., & Jones, G.E. (2004). Trust in the workplace: Factors affecting trust formation between team members. Journal of Social Psychology, 144, 311-321.
61. Stangor, C., Lynch, L., Duan, C., & Glass, B. (1992). Categorization of individuals on the basis of multiple social features. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 207-218.
62. Tajfel, H. (1982). Instrumentality, identity and social comparisons. In H. Tajfel (Ed.), Social identity and intergroup relations (pp. 483-507). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
63. Tajfel, H., & Turner, J.C. (1979). An integrative theory of intergroup conflict. In W. G. Austin & S. Worchel (Eds.), The social psychology of intergroup relations (pp. 33-48). Monterey, CA: Brooks/ Cole.
64. Thatcher, S., Jehn, K.A., & Zanutto, E. (2003). Cracks in diversity research: The effects of diversity faultlines on conflict and performance. Group Decision and Negotiation, 12, 217-241.
65. Thomas, D.C. (1999). Cultural diversity and work group effectiveness: An experimental study. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 30, 242-263.
66. Tsui, A.S., Egan, T.D., & O'Reilly, C.A. (1992). Being different: Relational demography and organizational attachment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 37, 549-579.
67. Turner, J.C., Hogg, M.A., Oakes, P.J., Reicher, S.D., & Wetherell, M.S. (1987). Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorization theory. Oxford: Blackwell.
68. Van der Zee, K.I. (2008). Moving away from colour-blindness: Determinants of effective diversity management in organisations. International Journal of Diversity in Organizations, Communities and Nations, 7, 327-334.
69. Van der Zee, K.I., Atsma, N., & Brodbeck, F. (2004). The influence of social identity and personality on outcomes of cultural diversity in teams. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 35, 283-303.
70. Van der Zee, K.I., & Van der Gang, I. (2007). Personality, threat and affective responses to cultural diversity. European Journal of Personality, 21, 453-470.
71. Van der Zee, K.I., & Van Oudenhoven, J.P. (2000). Psychometric qualities of the Multicultural Personality Questionnaire: A multidimensional instrument of multicultural effectiveness. European Journal of Personality, 14, 291-309.
72. Van Knippenberg, D., De Dreu, C.K., & Homan, A.C. (2004). Work group diversity and group performance: An integrative model and research agenda. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89, 1008-1022.
73. Van Knippenberg, D., & Haslam, S.A. (2003). Realizing the diversity dividend: Exploring the subtle interplay between identity, ideology and reality. In S. A. Haslam, D. V. Knippenberg, M. Platow, & N. Ellemers (Eds.), Social identity at work: Developing theory for organizational practice (pp. 61-77). New York: Taylor & Francis.
74. Van Knippenberg, D., & Schippers, M.C. (2007). Work group diversity. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 515-541.
75. Verkuyten, M., & Yildiz, A.A. (2006). The endorsement of minority rights: The role of group position, national context, and ideological beliefs. Political Psychology, 27, 527-548.
76. Ward, C., & Chang, W.C. (1997). 'Cultural fit': A new perspective on personality determinants and sojourner adjustment. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 21, 525-533.
77. Watson, W.E., Kumar, K., & Michaelsen, L.K. (1993). Cultural diversity's impact on interaction process and performance: Comparing homogeneous and diverse task groups. Academy of Management Journal, 36, 590-602.
78. Webber, S.S., & Donahue, L.M. (2001). Impact of highly and less job-related diversity on work group cohesion and performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Management, 27, 141-162.
79. Wharton, A.S., & Baron, J.N. (1987). So happy together? The impact of gender segregation on men at work. American Sociological Review, 52, 574-587.
80. Whitley, B.E. (1999). Right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 126-134.
81. Williams, K., & O'Reilly, C. (1998). The complexity of diversity: A review of forty years of research. In D. Gruenfeld & M. Neale (Eds.), Research on managing in groups and teams. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
82. Winquist, L.A., Mohr C. D., & Kenny, D.A. (1998). The female positivity effect in the perception of others. Journal of Research in Personality, 32, 370-388.
83. Young, I.P., Place, A.W., Rinehart, J.S., Jury, J.C., & Baits, D.F. (1997). Teacher recruitment: A test of the similarity-attraction hypothesis for race and sex. Educational Administration Quarterly, 33, 86-106.