메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue 10, 2008, Pages 1265-1277

Neuroinflammation and microglia: Considerations and approaches for neurotoxicity assessment

Author keywords

Ageing; Immunotoxicology; Mercury; Microglia; Neurodegenerative disease; Neuroinflammation; Neurotoxicology

Indexed keywords

AMYLOID BETA PROTEIN; CELL SURFACE MARKER; GAMMA INTERFERON; INTERLEUKIN 1; INTERLEUKIN 10; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; INTERLEUKIN 6; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 2; MERCURY; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

EID: 55049136520     PISSN: 17425255     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1517/17425255.4.10.1265     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (209)

References (116)
  • 3
    • 44149083565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective and neurotoxic properties of glial cells in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease
    • Farfara D, Lifshitz V, Frenkel D. Neuroprotective and neurotoxic properties of glial cells in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. J Cell Mol Med 2008;12:762-80
    • (2008) J Cell Mol Med , vol.12 , pp. 762-780
    • Farfara, D.1    Lifshitz, V.2    Frenkel, D.3
  • 4
    • 39149117362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunosuppression after traumatic or ischemic CNS damage: It is neuroprotective and illuminates the role of microglial cells
    • Hailer NP. Immunosuppression after traumatic or ischemic CNS damage: it is neuroprotective and illuminates the role of microglial cells. Prog Neurobiol 2008;84:211-33
    • (2008) Prog Neurobiol , vol.84 , pp. 211-233
    • Hailer, N.P.1
  • 5
    • 41749116202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glial cell dysregulation: A new perspective on Alzheimer Disease
    • Von Bernhardi R. Glial cell dysregulation: a new perspective on Alzheimer Disease. Neurotox Res 2007;12:215-32
    • (2007) Neurotox Res , vol.12 , pp. 215-232
    • Von Bernhardi, R.1
  • 6
    • 33748743268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CNS immune privilege: Hiding in plain sight
    • Carson MJ, Doose JM, Melchior B, et al. CNS immune privilege: hiding in plain sight. Immunol Rev 2006;213:48-65
    • (2006) Immunol Rev , vol.213 , pp. 48-65
    • Carson, M.J.1    Doose, J.M.2    Melchior, B.3
  • 8
    • 0142178155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway: A missing link in neuroimmunomodulation
    • Pavlov VA, Wang H, Czura CJ, et al. The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway: a missing link in neuroimmunomodulation. Mol Med 2003;9:125-34
    • (2003) Mol Med , vol.9 , pp. 125-134
    • Pavlov, V.A.1    Wang, H.2    Czura, C.J.3
  • 9
    • 3242710339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of systemic inflammation on inflammation in the brain: Implications fbr chronic neurodegenerative disease
    • Perry VH. The influence of systemic inflammation on inflammation in the brain: implications fbr chronic neurodegenerative disease. Brain Behav Immmun 2004;18:407-13
    • (2004) Brain Behav Immmun , vol.18 , pp. 407-413
    • Perry, V.H.1
  • 10
    • 34047134577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perspective is everything: An irreverent discussion of CNS-immune system interactions as viewed from different scientific traditions
    • Carson MJ, Lo DD. Perspective is everything: an irreverent discussion of CNS-immune system interactions as viewed from different scientific traditions. Brain Behav Immun 2007;21:367-73
    • (2007) Brain Behav Immun , vol.21 , pp. 367-373
    • Carson, M.J.1    Lo, D.D.2
  • 11
    • 33846585119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic infections and inflammation affect chronic neurodegeneration
    • Perry VH, Cunningham C, Holmes C. Systemic infections and inflammation affect chronic neurodegeneration. Nat Rev 2007;7:161-7
    • (2007) Nat Rev , vol.7 , pp. 161-167
    • Perry, V.H.1    Cunningham, C.2    Holmes, C.3
  • 12
    • 7744224673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia and neuroinflammation: A pathological perspective
    • Streit WJ, Mrak RE, Griffin WS. Microglia and neuroinflammation: a pathological perspective. J Neuroinflamm 2004;1:14
    • (2004) J Neuroinflamm , vol.1 , pp. 14
    • Streit, W.J.1    Mrak, R.E.2    Griffin, W.S.3
  • 13
    • 33747877627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglial senescence: Does the brain's immune system have an expiration date?
    • Streit WJ. Microglial senescence: does the brain's immune system have an expiration date? Trends Neurosci 2006;29:506-10
    • (2006) Trends Neurosci , vol.29 , pp. 506-510
    • Streit, W.J.1
  • 14
    • 0030222037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia: A sensor for pathological events in the CNS
    • Kreutzberg GW. Microglia: a sensor for pathological events in the CNS. Trends Neurosci 1996;19:312-8
    • (1996) Trends Neurosci , vol.19 , pp. 312-318
    • Kreutzberg, G.W.1
  • 15
    • 19744380563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resting microglial cells are highly dynamic surveillants of brain parenchyma in vivo
    • Nimmerjahn A, Kirchhoff F, Helmchen F. Resting microglial cells are highly dynamic surveillants of brain parenchyma in vivo. Science 2005;308:1314-8
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , pp. 1314-1318
    • Nimmerjahn, A.1    Kirchhoff, F.2    Helmchen, F.3
  • 16
    • 22244464662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ATP mediates rapid microglial response to local brain injury in vivo
    • Davalos D, Grutzendler J, Yang G, et al. ATP mediates rapid microglial response to local brain injury in vivo. Nat Neurosci 2005;8:752-8
    • (2005) Nat Neurosci , vol.8 , pp. 752-758
    • Davalos, D.1    Grutzendler, J.2    Yang, G.3
  • 17
    • 26944453586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Like cops on the beat: The active role of resting microglia
    • Raivich G. Like cops on the beat: the active role of resting microglia. Trends Neurosci 2005;28:571-3
    • (2005) Trends Neurosci , vol.28 , pp. 571-573
    • Raivich, G.1
  • 18
    • 0033774526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical-induced hippocampal neurodegeneration and elevations in TN Falpha, TNFbeta, IL-1alpha, IP-10, and MCP-1 mRNA in osteopetrotic (op/op) mice
    • Bruccoleri A, Harry GJ. Chemical-induced hippocampal neurodegeneration and elevations in TN Falpha, TNFbeta, IL-1alpha, IP-10, and MCP-1 mRNA in osteopetrotic (op/op) mice. J Neurosci Res 2000;62:146-55
    • (2000) J Neurosci Res , vol.62 , pp. 146-155
    • Bruccoleri, A.1    Harry, G.J.2
  • 19
    • 33847785649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective ablation of proliferating microglial cells exacerbates ischemic injury in the brain
    • Lalancette-Hebert M, Gowing G, Simard A, et al. Selective ablation of proliferating microglial cells exacerbates ischemic injury in the brain. J Neurosci 2007;27:2596-605
    • (2007) J Neurosci , vol.27 , pp. 2596-2605
    • Lalancette-Hebert, M.1    Gowing, G.2    Simard, A.3
  • 20
    • 0027345355 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of microglia and macrophages in the central nervous system of rats: Definition of the differential expression of molecules using standard and novel monoclonal antibodies in normal CNS and in four models of parenchymal reaction
    • Flaris NA, Densmore TL, Molleston MC, Hickey WF. Characterization of microglia and macrophages in the central nervous system of rats: definition of the differential expression of molecules using standard and novel monoclonal antibodies in normal CNS and in four models of parenchymal reaction. Glia 1993;7:34-40
    • (1993) Glia , vol.7 , pp. 34-40
    • Flaris, N.A.1    Densmore, T.L.2    Molleston, M.C.3    Hickey, W.F.4
  • 21
    • 0023949553 scopus 로고
    • Perivascular microglial cells of the CNS are bone marrow-derived and present antigen in vivo
    • Hickey WF, Kimura H. Perivascular microglial cells of the CNS are bone marrow-derived and present antigen in vivo. Science 1988;239:290-2
    • (1988) Science , vol.239 , pp. 290-292
    • Hickey, W.F.1    Kimura, H.2
  • 23
    • 0032900960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Balancing function vs. self defense: The CNS as an active regulator of immune responses
    • Carson MJ, Sutcliffe JG, Campbell IL. Balancing function vs. self defense: the CNS as an active regulator of immune responses. J Neurosci Res 1999;55:1-8
    • (1999) J Neurosci Res , vol.55 , pp. 1-8
    • Carson, M.J.1    Sutcliffe, J.G.2    Campbell, I.L.3
  • 24
    • 0031985336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mature microglia resemble immature antigen-presenting cells
    • Carson MJ, Reilly CR, Sutcliff JG, Lo D. Mature microglia resemble immature antigen-presenting cells. Glia 1998;22:72-85
    • (1998) Glia , vol.22 , pp. 72-85
    • Carson, M.J.1    Reilly, C.R.2    Sutcliff, J.G.3    Lo, D.4
  • 25
    • 0344132645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia only weakly present glioma antigen to cytotoxic T cells
    • Flugel A, Labeur MS, Grasbon-Frodl EM, et al. Microglia only weakly present glioma antigen to cytotoxic T cells. Int J Dev Neurosci 1999;17:547-56
    • (1999) Int J Dev Neurosci , vol.17 , pp. 547-556
    • Flugel, A.1    Labeur, M.S.2    Grasbon-Frodl, E.M.3
  • 26
    • 34848863163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A rose by any other name? The potential consequences of microglial heterogeneity during CNS health and disease
    • Carson MJ, Bilousova TV, Puntambekar SS, et al. A rose by any other name? The potential consequences of microglial heterogeneity during CNS health and disease. Neurotherapeutics 2007;4:571-9
    • (2007) Neurotherapeutics , vol.4 , pp. 571-579
    • Carson, M.J.1    Bilousova, T.V.2    Puntambekar, S.S.3
  • 27
    • 0035919917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ability of rat microglia to uptake extracellular glutamate
    • Nakajima K, Tohyama Y, Kohsaka S, Kurihara T. Ability of rat microglia to uptake extracellular glutamate. Neurosci Lett 2001;307:171-4
    • (2001) Neurosci Lett , vol.307 , pp. 171-174
    • Nakajima, K.1    Tohyama, Y.2    Kohsaka, S.3    Kurihara, T.4
  • 28
    • 0036709228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phagocytotic removal of apoptotic, inflammatory lymphocytes in the central nervous system by microglia and its functional implications
    • Magnus T, Chan A, Savill J, et al. Phagocytotic removal of apoptotic, inflammatory lymphocytes in the central nervous system by microglia and its functional implications. J Neuroimmunol 2002;130:1-9
    • (2002) J Neuroimmunol , vol.130 , pp. 1-9
    • Magnus, T.1    Chan, A.2    Savill, J.3
  • 29
    • 0027934255 scopus 로고
    • MHC class II expression by microglia in tetanus toxin-induced experimental epilepsy in the rat
    • Shaw JA, Perry VH, Mellanby J. MHC class II expression by microglia in tetanus toxin-induced experimental epilepsy in the rat. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 1994;20:392-8
    • (1994) Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol , vol.20 , pp. 392-398
    • Shaw, J.A.1    Perry, V.H.2    Mellanby, J.3
  • 30
    • 17744388105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Down-regulation of the macrophage lineage through interaction with OX2 (CD200)
    • Hoek RM, Ruuls SR, Murphy CA, et al. Down-regulation of the macrophage lineage through interaction with OX2 (CD200). Science 2000;290:1768-71
    • (2000) Science , vol.290 , pp. 1768-1771
    • Hoek, R.M.1    Ruuls, S.R.2    Murphy, C.A.3
  • 31
    • 0035149257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of glial immune function by neurons
    • Neumann H. Control of glial immune function by neurons. Glia 2001;36:191-9
    • (2001) Glia , vol.36 , pp. 191-199
    • Neumann, H.1
  • 32
    • 33744740398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of microglia in the cerebral white matter of the human fetus and infant
    • Billiards SS, Haynes RL, Folkerth RD, et al. Development of microglia in the cerebral white matter of the human fetus and infant. J Comp Neurol 2006;497:199-208
    • (2006) J Comp Neurol , vol.497 , pp. 199-208
    • Billiards, S.S.1    Haynes, R.L.2    Folkerth, R.D.3
  • 33
    • 0036396282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reciprocal interactions between microglia and neurons: From survival to neuropathology
    • Polazzi E, Contestabile A. Reciprocal interactions between microglia and neurons: from survival to neuropathology. Rev Neurosci 2002;13:221-42
    • (2002) Rev Neurosci , vol.13 , pp. 221-242
    • Polazzi, E.1    Contestabile, A.2
  • 34
    • 1942447829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia promote the death of developing Purkinje cells
    • Marín-Teva JL, Dusart I, Colin C, et al. Microglia promote the death of developing Purkinje cells. Neuron 2004;41:535-47
    • (2004) Neuron , vol.41 , pp. 535-547
    • Marín-Teva, J.L.1    Dusart, I.2    Colin, C.3
  • 35
    • 33750213032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution and differentiation of microglia in the human encephalon during the first two trimesters of gestation
    • Monier A, Evrard P, Gressens P, Verney C. Distribution and differentiation of microglia in the human encephalon during the first two trimesters of gestation. J Comp Neurol 2006;499:565-82
    • (2006) J Comp Neurol , vol.499 , pp. 565-582
    • Monier, A.1    Evrard, P.2    Gressens, P.3    Verney, C.4
  • 36
    • 0032529348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UpreguIation of a new microglial gene, mrf-1, in response to programmed neuronal cell death and degeneration
    • Tanaka S, Suzuki K, Watanabe M, et al. UpreguIation of a new microglial gene, mrf-1, in response to programmed neuronal cell death and degeneration. J Neurosci 1998;18:6358-69
    • (1998) J Neurosci , vol.18 , pp. 6358-6369
    • Tanaka, S.1    Suzuki, K.2    Watanabe, M.3
  • 39
    • 0034527782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-dependent cytokine responses: Trimethyltin hippocampal injury in wild-type, APOE knockout, and APOE4 mice
    • Harry GJ, Lefebvre d'Hellencourt C, Bruccoleri A, Schemchel D. Age-dependent cytokine responses: trimethyltin hippocampal injury in wild-type, APOE knockout, and APOE4 mice. Brain Behav Immun 2000;14:288-304
    • (2000) Brain Behav Immun , vol.14 , pp. 288-304
    • Harry, G.J.1    Lefebvre d'Hellencourt, C.2    Bruccoleri, A.3    Schemchel, D.4
  • 40
    • 0042866044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia density decreases with age in a mouse model of Huntington's disease
    • Ma L, Morton AJ, Nicholson LF. Microglia density decreases with age in a mouse model of Huntington's disease. Glia 2003;43:274-80
    • (2003) Glia , vol.43 , pp. 274-280
    • Ma, L.1    Morton, A.J.2    Nicholson, L.F.3
  • 41
    • 42649098547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglial degeneration in the aging brain - bad news for neurons?
    • Streit WJ, Miller KR, Lopes KO, Njie E. Microglial degeneration in the aging brain - bad news for neurons? Front Biosci 2008;13:3423-38
    • (2008) Front Biosci , vol.13 , pp. 3423-3438
    • Streit, W.J.1    Miller, K.R.2    Lopes, K.O.3    Njie, E.4
  • 42
    • 0027410894 scopus 로고
    • Human antibodies reactive with beta-amyloid protein in Alzheimer's disease
    • Gaskin F, Finley J, Fang Q, et al. Human antibodies reactive with beta-amyloid protein in Alzheimer's disease. J Exp Med 1993;177:1181-6
    • (1993) J Exp Med , vol.177 , pp. 1181-1186
    • Gaskin, F.1    Finley, J.2    Fang, Q.3
  • 43
    • 0034992393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoantibodies to amyloid-beta and Alzheimer's disease
    • Hyman BT, Smith C, Buldyrev I, et al. Autoantibodies to amyloid-beta and Alzheimer's disease. Ann Neurol 2001;49:808-10
    • (2001) Ann Neurol , vol.49 , pp. 808-810
    • Hyman, B.T.1    Smith, C.2    Buldyrev, I.3
  • 44
    • 0033921540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement components of the innate immune system in health and disease in the CNS
    • Gasque P, Dean YD, McGreal EP, et al. Complement components of the innate immune system in health and disease in the CNS. Immunopharmacology 2000;49:171-86
    • (2000) Immunopharmacology , vol.49 , pp. 171-186
    • Gasque, P.1    Dean, Y.D.2    McGreal, E.P.3
  • 45
    • 0035693924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation, autotoxicity and Alzheimer disease
    • McGeer PL, McGeer EG. Inflammation, autotoxicity and Alzheimer disease. Neurobiol Aging 2001;22:799-809
    • (2001) Neurobiol Aging , vol.22 , pp. 799-809
    • McGeer, P.L.1    McGeer, E.G.2
  • 46
    • 0036847848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scavenger receptors in neurobiology and neuropathology: Their role on microglia and other cells of the nervous system
    • Husemann J, Loike JD, Anankov R, et al. Scavenger receptors in neurobiology and neuropathology: their role on microglia and other cells of the nervous system. Glia 2002;40:195-205
    • (2002) Glia , vol.40 , pp. 195-205
    • Husemann, J.1    Loike, J.D.2    Anankov, R.3
  • 47
    • 0036709090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of microglial responses to Staphylococcus aureus: Effects on cytokine, costimulatory molecules, and Toll-like receptor expression
    • Kielian T, Mayes P, Kielian M. Characterization of microglial responses to Staphylococcus aureus: effects on cytokine, costimulatory molecules, and Toll-like receptor expression. J Neuroimmunol 2002;130:86-99
    • (2002) J Neuroimmunol , vol.130 , pp. 86-99
    • Kielian, T.1    Mayes, P.2    Kielian, M.3
  • 48
    • 33646258023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toll-like receptor 3 on adult human astrocytes triggers production of neuroprotective mediators
    • Bsibsi M, Persoon-Deen C, Verwer RW, et al. Toll-like receptor 3 on adult human astrocytes triggers production of neuroprotective mediators. Glia 2006;53:688-95
    • (2006) Glia , vol.53 , pp. 688-695
    • Bsibsi, M.1    Persoon-Deen, C.2    Verwer, R.W.3
  • 49
    • 0026447529 scopus 로고
    • Complement activation by beta-amyloid in Alzheimer disease
    • Shen Y, Lue L, Yang L, et al. Complement activation by beta-amyloid in Alzheimer disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1992;89:10016-20
    • (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.89 , pp. 10016-10020
    • Shen, Y.1    Lue, L.2    Yang, L.3
  • 50
    • 0035877075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibody-mediated phagocytosis of the amyloid beta-peptide in microglia is differentially modulated by C1q
    • Webster SD, Galvan MD, Ferran E, et al. Antibody-mediated phagocytosis of the amyloid beta-peptide in microglia is differentially modulated by C1q. J Immunol 2001;166:7496-503
    • (2001) J Immunol , vol.166 , pp. 7496-7503
    • Webster, S.D.1    Galvan, M.D.2    Ferran, E.3
  • 51
    • 3242766671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence of C1q leads to less neuropathology in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease
    • Fonseca MI, Zhou J, Botto M, Tenner AJ. Absence of C1q leads to less neuropathology in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. J Neurosci 2004;24:6457-65
    • (2004) J Neurosci , vol.24 , pp. 6457-6465
    • Fonseca, M.I.1    Zhou, J.2    Botto, M.3    Tenner, A.J.4
  • 52
    • 0036679142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prominent neurodegeneration and increased plaque formation in complement-inhibited Alzheimer's mice
    • Wyss-Coray T, Yan F, Lin AH, et al. Prominent neurodegeneration and increased plaque formation in complement-inhibited Alzheimer's mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002;99:10837-42
    • (2002) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.99 , pp. 10837-10842
    • Wyss-Coray, T.1    Yan, F.2    Lin, A.H.3
  • 53
    • 3442888512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Redox regulation of glial inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma
    • Pawate S, Shen Q, Fan F. Bhat NR. Redox regulation of glial inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma. J Neurosci Res 2004;77:540-51
    • (2004) J Neurosci Res , vol.77 , pp. 540-551
    • Pawate, S.1    Shen, Q.2    Fan, F.3    Bhat, N.R.4
  • 54
    • 24144494527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The physiology and pathophysiology of nitric oxide in the brain
    • Guix FX, Uribesalgo I, Coma M, Munoz FJ. The physiology and pathophysiology of nitric oxide in the brain. Prog Neurobiol 2005;76:126-52
    • (2005) Prog Neurobiol , vol.76 , pp. 126-152
    • Guix, F.X.1    Uribesalgo, I.2    Coma, M.3    Munoz, F.J.4
  • 55
    • 39849083520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of microglia-mediated neurotoxicity in a new model of the stroke penumbra. J Neurosci
    • Kaushal V, Schlichter LC. Mechanisms of microglia-mediated neurotoxicity in a new model of the stroke penumbra. J Neurosci 2008;28:2221-30, 281-98
    • (2008) , vol.28
    • Kaushal, V.1    Schlichter, L.C.2
  • 56
    • 45249110462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor p55 and p75 receptors are involved in chemical-induced apoptosis of dentate granule neurons
    • Harry GJ, Lefebvre d'Hellencourt C, McPherson CA, et al. Tumor necrosis factor p55 and p75 receptors are involved in chemical-induced apoptosis of dentate granule neurons. J Neurochem 2008;106:281-98
    • (2008) J Neurochem , vol.106 , pp. 281-298
    • Harry, G.J.1    Lefebvre d'Hellencourt, C.2    McPherson, C.A.3
  • 58
    • 0034048666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon-gamma induces apoptosis and augments the expression of Fas and Fas ligand by microglia in vitro
    • Badie B, Schartner J, Vorpahl J, Preston K. Interferon-gamma induces apoptosis and augments the expression of Fas and Fas ligand by microglia in vitro. Exp Neurol 2000;162:290-6
    • (2000) Exp Neurol , vol.162 , pp. 290-296
    • Badie, B.1    Schartner, J.2    Vorpahl, J.3    Preston, K.4
  • 59
    • 15244350494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of microglia metabotropic glutamate receptor mGlu2 triggers tumor necrosis factor a-induced neurotoxicity in concert with microglial-derived fas ligand
    • Taylor DL, Jones F, Kubota ES, Pocock JM. Stimulation of microglia metabotropic glutamate receptor mGlu2 triggers tumor necrosis factor a-induced neurotoxicity in concert with microglial-derived fas ligand. J Neurosci 2005;25:2945-64
    • (2005) J Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 2945-2964
    • Taylor, D.L.1    Jones, F.2    Kubota, E.S.3    Pocock, J.M.4
  • 60
    • 0037092420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Target depletion of distinct tumor necrosis factor receptor subtypes reveals hippocampal neuron death and survival through different signal transduction pathways
    • Yang L, Lindholm K, Konishi Y, et al. Target depletion of distinct tumor necrosis factor receptor subtypes reveals hippocampal neuron death and survival through different signal transduction pathways. J Neurosci 2002;22:3025-32
    • (2002) J Neurosci , vol.22 , pp. 3025-3032
    • Yang, L.1    Lindholm, K.2    Konishi, Y.3
  • 61
    • 0032901495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innate and acquired immunity in neurodegenerative disorders
    • Gendelman HE, Folks DG. Innate and acquired immunity in neurodegenerative disorders. J Leukoc Biol 1999;65:407-8
    • (1999) J Leukoc Biol , vol.65 , pp. 407-408
    • Gendelman, H.E.1    Folks, D.G.2
  • 62
    • 0029943412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple sclerosis: The proinflammatory cytokines lymphotoxin-alpha and tumour necrosis factor-alpha are upregulated in cerebrospinal fluid mononuclear cells
    • Matusevicius D, Navikas V, Söderström M, et al. Multiple sclerosis: the proinflammatory cytokines lymphotoxin-alpha and tumour necrosis factor-alpha are upregulated in cerebrospinal fluid mononuclear cells. J Neuroimmunol 1996;66:115-23
    • (1996) J Neuroimmunol , vol.66 , pp. 115-123
    • Matusevicius, D.1    Navikas, V.2    Söderström, M.3
  • 63
    • 16244378558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular profiles of mRNA levels in laser capture microdissected murine hippocampal regions differentially responsive to TMT-induced cell death
    • Lefebvre d'Hellencourt C, Harry GJ. Molecular profiles of mRNA levels in laser capture microdissected murine hippocampal regions differentially responsive to TMT-induced cell death. J Neurochem 2005;93:206-20
    • (2005) J Neurochem , vol.93 , pp. 206-220
    • Lefebvre d'Hellencourt, C.1    Harry, G.J.2
  • 64
    • 39149118892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The type 1 interleukin 1 receptor is not required for the death of murine hippocampal dentate granule cells and microglia activation
    • Harry GJ, Funk JA, Lefebvre d'Hellencourt C, et al. The type 1 interleukin 1 receptor is not required for the death of murine hippocampal dentate granule cells and microglia activation. Brain Res 2008;1194:8-20
    • (2008) Brain Res , vol.1194 , pp. 8-20
    • Harry, G.J.1    Funk, J.A.2    Lefebvre d'Hellencourt, C.3
  • 65
    • 0031003699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing cAMP attenuates induction of inducible nitric-oxide synthase in rat primary astorcytes
    • Pahan K, Namboodiri AM, Sheikh FG, et al. Increasing cAMP attenuates induction of inducible nitric-oxide synthase in rat primary astorcytes. J Biol Chem 1997;272:7786-91
    • (1997) J Biol Chem , vol.272 , pp. 7786-7791
    • Pahan, K.1    Namboodiri, A.M.2    Sheikh, F.G.3
  • 67
    • 0038352039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 15d-PGJ2 and rosiglitazone suppress Janus kinase-STAT inflammatory signaling through induction of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) and SOCS3 in glia
    • Park EJ, Park SY, Joe EH, Jou I. 15d-PGJ2 and rosiglitazone suppress Janus kinase-STAT inflammatory signaling through induction of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) and SOCS3 in glia. J Biol Chem 2003;278:14747-52
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 14747-14752
    • Park, E.J.1    Park, S.Y.2    Joe, E.H.3    Jou, I.4
  • 68
    • 0029314323 scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory cytokines and cytokine inhibitors
    • Burger D, Dayer JM. Inhibitory cytokines and cytokine inhibitors. Neurology 1995;45:S39-43
    • (1995) Neurology , vol.45
    • Burger, D.1    Dayer, J.M.2
  • 69
    • 0037180778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The inflammatory reflex
    • Tracey KJ. The inflammatory reflex. Nature 2002;420:458-61
    • (2002) Nature , vol.420 , pp. 458-461
    • Tracey, K.J.1
  • 70
  • 71
    • 34247624636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-myelin basic protein T cells protect hippocampal neurons against trimethyltin-induced damage
    • Kurkowska-Jastrzebska I, Joniec I, Zaremba M, et al. Anti-myelin basic protein T cells protect hippocampal neurons against trimethyltin-induced damage. Neuroreport 2007;18:425-9
    • (2007) Neuroreport , vol.18 , pp. 425-429
    • Kurkowska-Jastrzebska, I.1    Joniec, I.2    Zaremba, M.3
  • 72
    • 37049028157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effects of resident microglia following acute brain injury
    • Simard AR, Rivest S. Neuroprotective effects of resident microglia following acute brain injury. J Comp Neurol 2007;504:716-29
    • (2007) J Comp Neurol , vol.504 , pp. 716-729
    • Simard, A.R.1    Rivest, S.2
  • 73
    • 0031920259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular dynamics of macrophages and microglial cells in reaction to stab wounds in rat cerebral cortex
    • Fujita T, Yoshimine T, Martino M, Hayakawa T. Cellular dynamics of macrophages and microglial cells in reaction to stab wounds in rat cerebral cortex. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 1998;140:275-9
    • (1998) Acta Neurochir (Wien) , vol.140 , pp. 275-279
    • Fujita, T.1    Yoshimine, T.2    Martino, M.3    Hayakawa, T.4
  • 74
    • 0032823758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proliferation of microglia and astrocytes in the dentate gyrus following entorhinal cortex lesion: A quantitative bromodeoxyuridine-labelling study
    • Hailer NP, Grampp A, Nitsch R. Proliferation of microglia and astrocytes in the dentate gyrus following entorhinal cortex lesion: a quantitative bromodeoxyuridine-labelling study. Eur J Neurosci 1999;11:3359-64
    • (1999) Eur J Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 3359-3364
    • Hailer, N.P.1    Grampp, A.2    Nitsch, R.3
  • 75
    • 27144470284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central and systemic endotoxin challenges exacerbate the local inflammaotry response and increase neuronal death during chronic neurodegeneration
    • Cunningham C, Wilcockston DC, Campion S, et al. Central and systemic endotoxin challenges exacerbate the local inflammaotry response and increase neuronal death during chronic neurodegeneration. J Neurosci 2005;25:9275-84
    • (2005) J Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 9275-9284
    • Cunningham, C.1    Wilcockston, D.C.2    Campion, S.3
  • 76
    • 0344011637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prolonged exposure of microglia to lipopolysaccharide modifies the intracellular signaling pathways and selectively promotes prostaglandin E2 synthesis
    • Ajmone-Cat MA, Nicolini A, Minghetti L. Prolonged exposure of microglia to lipopolysaccharide modifies the intracellular signaling pathways and selectively promotes prostaglandin E2 synthesis. J Neurochem 2003;87:1193-203
    • (2003) J Neurochem , vol.87 , pp. 1193-1203
    • Ajmone-Cat, M.A.1    Nicolini, A.2    Minghetti, L.3
  • 77
    • 44649189754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglial activation is not prevented by tacrolimus but dopamine neuron damage is reduced in a rat model of Parkinson's disease progression
    • Wright AK, Miller C, Williams M, Arbuthnott G. Microglial activation is not prevented by tacrolimus but dopamine neuron damage is reduced in a rat model of Parkinson's disease progression. Brain Res 2008;1216:78-86
    • (2008) Brain Res , vol.1216 , pp. 78-86
    • Wright, A.K.1    Miller, C.2    Williams, M.3    Arbuthnott, G.4
  • 78
    • 38949123792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid appearance and local toxicity of amyloid-beta plaques in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
    • Meyer-Luehmann M, Spires-Jones TL, Prada C, et al. Rapid appearance and local toxicity of amyloid-beta plaques in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Nature 2008;451:720-4
    • (2008) Nature , vol.451 , pp. 720-724
    • Meyer-Luehmann, M.1    Spires-Jones, T.L.2    Prada, C.3
  • 79
    • 0036904557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneous expression of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 on adult murine microglia
    • Schmid CD, Sautkulis LN, Danielson PE, et al. Heterogeneous expression of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 on adult murine microglia. J Neurochem 2002;83:1309-20
    • (2002) J Neurochem , vol.83 , pp. 1309-1320
    • Schmid, C.D.1    Sautkulis, L.N.2    Danielson, P.E.3
  • 80
    • 33744977037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia and the control of autoreactive T cell responses
    • Melchior B, Puntambekar SS, Carson MJ. Microglia and the control of autoreactive T cell responses. Neurochem Int 2006;49:145-53
    • (2006) Neurochem Int , vol.49 , pp. 145-153
    • Melchior, B.1    Puntambekar, S.S.2    Carson, M.J.3
  • 81
    • 0036721843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor induces an expression program in neonatal microglia that primes them for antigen presentation
    • Re F, Belyanskaya SL, Riese RJ, et al. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor induces an expression program in neonatal microglia that primes them for antigen presentation. J Immunol 2002;169:2264-73
    • (2002) J Immunol , vol.169 , pp. 2264-2273
    • Re, F.1    Belyanskaya, S.L.2    Riese, R.J.3
  • 82
    • 7544247574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia in culture: What genes do they express?
    • Duke DC, Moran LB, Turkheimer FE, et al. Microglia in culture: what genes do they express? Dev Neurosci 2004;26:30-7
    • (2004) Dev Neurosci , vol.26 , pp. 30-37
    • Duke, D.C.1    Moran, L.B.2    Turkheimer, F.E.3
  • 83
    • 0033485921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serial analysis of gene expression in a microglial cell line
    • Inoue H, Sawada, M, Ryo A, et al. Serial analysis of gene expression in a microglial cell line. Glia 1999;28:265-71
    • (1999) Glia , vol.28 , pp. 265-271
    • Inoue, H.1    Sawada, M.2    Ryo, A.3
  • 84
    • 3042675768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards a transcriptome definition of microglial cells
    • Moran LB, Duke DC, Turkheimer FE, et al. Towards a transcriptome definition of microglial cells. Neurogenetics 2004;5:95-108
    • (2004) Neurogenetics , vol.5 , pp. 95-108
    • Moran, L.B.1    Duke, D.C.2    Turkheimer, F.E.3
  • 85
    • 0344013136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TGFbeta directs gene expression of activated microglia to an anti-inflammatory phenotype strongly focusing on chemokine genes and cell migratory genes
    • Paglinawan R, Malipiero U, Schlapbach R, et al. TGFbeta directs gene expression of activated microglia to an anti-inflammatory phenotype strongly focusing on chemokine genes and cell migratory genes. Glia 2003;44:219-31
    • (2003) Glia , vol.44 , pp. 219-231
    • Paglinawan, R.1    Malipiero, U.2    Schlapbach, R.3
  • 86
    • 13844262627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fractalkine-upregulated milk-fat globule EGF factor-8 protein in cultured rat microglia
    • Leonardi-Essmann F, Emig M, Kitamura Y, et al. Fractalkine-upregulated milk-fat globule EGF factor-8 protein in cultured rat microglia. J Neuroimmunol 2005;160:92-101
    • (2005) J Neuroimmunol , vol.160 , pp. 92-101
    • Leonardi-Essmann, F.1    Emig, M.2    Kitamura, Y.3
  • 87
    • 33750627921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of the LPS triggered inflammatory response of murine microglia under different culture and in vivo conditions
    • Lund S, Christensen KV, Hedtjärn M, et al. The dynamics of the LPS triggered inflammatory response of murine microglia under different culture and in vivo conditions. J Neuroimmunol 2006;180:71-87
    • (2006) J Neuroimmunol , vol.180 , pp. 71-87
    • Lund, S.1    Christensen, K.V.2    Hedtjärn, M.3
  • 88
    • 0032926018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of microglia on embryonic dopaminergic neuronal survival in vitro: Diffusible signals from neurons and glia change microglia from neurotoxic to neuroprotective
    • Ziedow R, Dunnett SB, Fawcett JW. The effect of microglia on embryonic dopaminergic neuronal survival in vitro: diffusible signals from neurons and glia change microglia from neurotoxic to neuroprotective. Eur J Neurosci 1999;11:1657-67
    • (1999) Eur J Neurosci , vol.11 , pp. 1657-1667
    • Ziedow, R.1    Dunnett, S.B.2    Fawcett, J.W.3
  • 90
    • 0030887990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluorescent dye prelabelled microglial cells migrate into organotypic hippocampal slice cultures and ramify
    • Hailer NP, Heppner FL, Haas D, Nitsch R. Fluorescent dye prelabelled microglial cells migrate into organotypic hippocampal slice cultures and ramify. Eur J Neurosci 1997;9:863-6
    • (1997) Eur J Neurosci , vol.9 , pp. 863-866
    • Hailer, N.P.1    Heppner, F.L.2    Haas, D.3    Nitsch, R.4
  • 91
    • 0035101188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of microglial activation: A confocal time-lapse analysis in hippocampal slices
    • Stence N, Waite M, Dailey ME. Dynamics of microglial activation: a confocal time-lapse analysis in hippocampal slices. Glia 2001;33:256-66
    • (2001) Glia , vol.33 , pp. 256-266
    • Stence, N.1    Waite, M.2    Dailey, M.E.3
  • 92
    • 0028063018 scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous pyramidal cell death in organotypic slice cultures from rat hippocampus is prevented by glutamate receptor antagonists
    • Pozzo Miller LD, Mahanty NK, Connor JA, Landis DM. Spontaneous pyramidal cell death in organotypic slice cultures from rat hippocampus is prevented by glutamate receptor antagonists. Neuroscience 1994;63:471-87
    • (1994) Neuroscience , vol.63 , pp. 471-487
    • Pozzo Miller, L.D.1    Mahanty, N.K.2    Connor, J.A.3    Landis, D.M.4
  • 93
    • 0025822889 scopus 로고
    • Proliferation and differentiation of glial fibrillary acidic protein-immunoreactive glial cells in organotypic slice cultures of rat hippocampus
    • Del Rio JA, Heimrich B, Soriano E, et al. Proliferation and differentiation of glial fibrillary acidic protein-immunoreactive glial cells in organotypic slice cultures of rat hippocampus. Neuroscience 1991;43:335-47
    • (1991) Neuroscience , vol.43 , pp. 335-347
    • Del Rio, J.A.1    Heimrich, B.2    Soriano, E.3
  • 94
    • 0030569596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal characterization of microglia, IL-1 beta-like immunoreactivity and astrocytes in the dencate gyrus of hippocampal organotypic slice cultures
    • Coltman BW, Ide CF. Temporal characterization of microglia, IL-1 beta-like immunoreactivity and astrocytes in the dencate gyrus of hippocampal organotypic slice cultures. Int J Dev Neurosci 1996;14:707-19
    • (1996) Int J Dev Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 707-719
    • Coltman, B.W.1    Ide, C.F.2
  • 95
    • 0030447438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resting microglial cells in vitro: Analysis of morphology and adhesion molecule expression in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures
    • Hailer NP, Jarhult JD, Nitsch R. Resting microglial cells in vitro: analysis of morphology and adhesion molecule expression in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures. Glia 1996;18:319-31
    • (1996) Glia , vol.18 , pp. 319-331
    • Hailer, N.P.1    Jarhult, J.D.2    Nitsch, R.3
  • 96
    • 28044473409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A refined in vitro model to study inflammatory responses in organotypic membrane culnue of postnatal rat hippocampal shces
    • Huuskonen J, Suuronen T, Miettinen R, et al. A refined in vitro model to study inflammatory responses in organotypic membrane culnue of postnatal rat hippocampal shces. J Neuroinflamm 2005;2:25
    • (2005) J Neuroinflamm , vol.2 , pp. 25
    • Huuskonen, J.1    Suuronen, T.2    Miettinen, R.3
  • 97
    • 0027407017 scopus 로고
    • Loss of layer-specific astrocytic glutamine synthetase immunoreactivity in slice cultures of hippocampus
    • Derouiche A, Heimrich B, Frocscher M. Loss of layer-specific astrocytic glutamine synthetase immunoreactivity in slice cultures of hippocampus. Eur J Neurosci 1993;5:122-7
    • (1993) Eur J Neurosci , vol.5 , pp. 122-127
    • Derouiche, A.1    Heimrich, B.2    Frocscher, M.3
  • 98
    • 0032032446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective neuronal vulnerability and specific glial reactions in hippocampal and neocortical organotypic cultures submitted to ischemia
    • Bernaudin M, Nouvelot A, MacKenzie ET, Petit E. Selective neuronal vulnerability and specific glial reactions in hippocampal and neocortical organotypic cultures submitted to ischemia. Exp Neurol 1998;150:30-9
    • (1998) Exp Neurol , vol.150 , pp. 30-39
    • Bernaudin, M.1    Nouvelot, A.2    MacKenzie, E.T.3    Petit, E.4
  • 99
    • 0033963283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia in organotypic hippocampal slice culture and effects of hypoxia: Ultrastructure and lipocortin-1 immunoreactivity
    • Skibo GG, Nikonenko IR, Savchenko VL, McKanna JA. Microglia in organotypic hippocampal slice culture and effects of hypoxia: ultrastructure and lipocortin-1 immunoreactivity. Neuroscience 2000;96:427-38
    • (2000) Neuroscience , vol.96 , pp. 427-438
    • Skibo, G.G.1    Nikonenko, I.R.2    Savchenko, V.L.3    McKanna, J.A.4
  • 100
    • 0033975159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traumatic injury induces differential expression of cell death genes in organotypic brain slice cultures determined by complementary DNA array hybridization
    • Morrison B, Eberwine JH, Meaney DF, McIntosh TK. Traumatic injury induces differential expression of cell death genes in organotypic brain slice cultures determined by complementary DNA array hybridization. Neuroscience 2000;96:131-9
    • (2000) Neuroscience , vol.96 , pp. 131-139
    • Morrison, B.1    Eberwine, J.H.2    Meaney, D.F.3    McIntosh, T.K.4
  • 101
    • 23844545171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic LPS exposure produces changes in intrinsic membrane properties and a sustained IL-beta-dependent increase in GABAergic inhibition in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons
    • Hellstrom IC, Danik M, Luheshi GN, Williams S. Chronic LPS exposure produces changes in intrinsic membrane properties and a sustained IL-beta-dependent increase in GABAergic inhibition in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Hippocampus 2005;15:656-64
    • (2005) Hippocampus , vol.15 , pp. 656-664
    • Hellstrom, I.C.1    Danik, M.2    Luheshi, G.N.3    Williams, S.4
  • 102
    • 0030480978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal control of MHC class II inducibility in rat astrocytes and microglia
    • Neumann H, Boucraut J, Hahnel C, et al. Neuronal control of MHC class II inducibility in rat astrocytes and microglia. Eur J Neurosci 1996;8:2582-90
    • (1996) Eur J Neurosci , vol.8 , pp. 2582-2590
    • Neumann, H.1    Boucraut, J.2    Hahnel, C.3
  • 103
    • 45249094554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory events in hippocampal slice cultures prime neuronal susceptibility to excitotoxic injury: A crucial role of P2X(7) receptor-mediated IL-1beta release
    • Bernardino L, Balosso S, Ravissa T, et al. Inflammatory events in hippocampal slice cultures prime neuronal susceptibility to excitotoxic injury: a crucial role of P2X(7) receptor-mediated IL-1beta release. J Neurochem 2008;106:271-80
    • (2008) J Neurochem , vol.106 , pp. 271-280
    • Bernardino, L.1    Balosso, S.2    Ravissa, T.3
  • 104
    • 0027081435 scopus 로고
    • Utrastructural alterations of brain cortex in rat following intraperitoneal administration of mercuric chloride
    • Gajkowska B, Szumanska G, Gadamski R. Utrastructural alterations of brain cortex in rat following intraperitoneal administration of mercuric chloride. J Hirnforsch 1992;33:471-6
    • (1992) J Hirnforsch , vol.33 , pp. 471-476
    • Gajkowska, B.1    Szumanska, G.2    Gadamski, R.3
  • 105
    • 0029005110 scopus 로고
    • Autometallographic determination of inorganic mercury distribution in the cortex of the calcarine sulcus of the monkey Macaca fascicularis following long-term subclinical exposure to methylmercury and mercuric chloride
    • Charleston JS, Body RL, Mottet NK, et al. Autometallographic determination of inorganic mercury distribution in the cortex of the calcarine sulcus of the monkey Macaca fascicularis following long-term subclinical exposure to methylmercury and mercuric chloride. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1995;132:325-33
    • (1995) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.132 , pp. 325-333
    • Charleston, J.S.1    Body, R.L.2    Mottet, N.K.3
  • 106
    • 0032146767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of apoptosis by mercury compounds depends on maturation and is not associated with microglial activation
    • Monnet-Tschudi F. Induction of apoptosis by mercury compounds depends on maturation and is not associated with microglial activation. J Neurosci Res 1998;53:361-7
    • (1998) J Neurosci Res , vol.53 , pp. 361-367
    • Monnet-Tschudi, F.1
  • 107
    • 0036006719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglial reaction induced by noncytotoxic methylmercury treatment leads to neuroprotection via interactions with astrocytes and IL-6 release
    • Eskes C, Honegger P, Juillerat-Jeanneret L, Monnet-Tschudi F. Microglial reaction induced by noncytotoxic methylmercury treatment leads to neuroprotection via interactions with astrocytes and IL-6 release. Glia 2002;37:43-52
    • (2002) Glia , vol.37 , pp. 43-52
    • Eskes, C.1    Honegger, P.2    Juillerat-Jeanneret, L.3    Monnet-Tschudi, F.4
  • 108
    • 33746078438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of environmental mercury and lead in the etiology of neurodegeneradve diseases
    • Monnet-Tschudi F, Zurich MG, Boschat C, et al. Involvement of environmental mercury and lead in the etiology of neurodegeneradve diseases. Rev Environ Health 2006;21:105-17
    • (2006) Rev Environ Health , vol.21 , pp. 105-117
    • Monnet-Tschudi, F.1    Zurich, M.G.2    Boschat, C.3
  • 109
    • 0032103358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glia increase degeneration of hippocampal neurons through release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha
    • Viviani B, Corsini E, Galli CL, Marinovich M. Glia increase degeneration of hippocampal neurons through release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1998;150:271-6
    • (1998) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.150 , pp. 271-276
    • Viviani, B.1    Corsini, E.2    Galli, C.L.3    Marinovich, M.4
  • 110
    • 0037110606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemically induced neuronal damage and gliosis: Enhanced expression of the proinflammatory chemokine, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, without a corresponding increase in proinflammatory cytokines
    • Little AR, Benkovic SA, Miller DB, O'Callaghan JP. Chemically induced neuronal damage and gliosis: enhanced expression of the proinflammatory chemokine, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, without a corresponding increase in proinflammatory cytokines. Neuroscience 2002;115:307-20
    • (2002) Neuroscience , vol.115 , pp. 307-320
    • Little, A.R.1    Benkovic, S.A.2    Miller, D.B.3    O'Callaghan, J.P.4
  • 111
    • 0037441458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of microglia-neuron interactions in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha release, microglial activation, and neurodegeneration induced by trimethyltin
    • Eskes C, Juillerat-Jeanneret L, Leuba G, et al. Involvement of microglia-neuron interactions in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha release, microglial activation, and neurodegeneration induced by trimethyltin. J Neurosci Res 2003;71:583-90
    • (2003) J Neurosci Res , vol.71 , pp. 583-590
    • Eskes, C.1    Juillerat-Jeanneret, L.2    Leuba, G.3
  • 112
    • 0036565787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphological alterations and elevations in tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1alpha, and IL-6 in mixed glia cultures following exposure to trimethyltin: Modulation by proinflammatory cytokine recombinant proteins and neutralizing antibodies
    • Harry GJ, Tyler K, Lefebvre d'Hellencourt C, et al. Morphological alterations and elevations in tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1alpha, and IL-6 in mixed glia cultures following exposure to trimethyltin: modulation by proinflammatory cytokine recombinant proteins and neutralizing antibodies. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2002;180:205-18
    • (2002) Toxicol Appl Pharmacol , vol.180 , pp. 205-218
    • Harry, G.J.1    Tyler, K.2    Lefebvre d'Hellencourt, C.3
  • 113
    • 33846005877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TNFalpha and TNF receptor 1 expression in the mixed neuronal-glial cultures of hippocampal dentate gyrus exposed to glutamate or trimethyltin
    • Figiel I, Dzwonek K. TNFalpha and TNF receptor 1 expression in the mixed neuronal-glial cultures of hippocampal dentate gyrus exposed to glutamate or trimethyltin. Brain Res 2007;1131:17-28
    • (2007) Brain Res , vol.1131 , pp. 17-28
    • Figiel, I.1    Dzwonek, K.2
  • 114
    • 33646255922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deficiency of TNF receptors suppresses microglial activation and alters the susceptibility of brain regions to MPTP-induced neurotoxicity: Role of TNF-alpha
    • Sriram K, Matheson JM, Benkovic SA, et al. Deficiency of TNF receptors suppresses microglial activation and alters the susceptibility of brain regions to MPTP-induced neurotoxicity: role of TNF-alpha. FASEB J 2006;20:670-82
    • (2006) FASEB J , vol.20 , pp. 670-682
    • Sriram, K.1    Matheson, J.M.2    Benkovic, S.A.3
  • 115
    • 34547380204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease: Are microglia pathogenic in either disorder?
    • Rogers J, Mastroeni D, Leonard B, et al. Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease: are microglia pathogenic in either disorder? Int Rev Neurobiol 2007;82:235-46
    • (2007) Int Rev Neurobiol , vol.82 , pp. 235-246
    • Rogers, J.1    Mastroeni, D.2    Leonard, B.3
  • 116
    • 33846837400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polychlorinated biphenyls induce proinflammatory cytokine release and dopaminergic dysfunction: Protection in interleukin-6 knockout mice
    • Goodwill MH, Lawrence DA, Seegal RF. Polychlorinated biphenyls induce proinflammatory cytokine release and dopaminergic dysfunction: protection in interleukin-6 knockout mice. J Neuroimmunol 2007;183:125-32
    • (2007) J Neuroimmunol , vol.183 , pp. 125-132
    • Goodwill, M.H.1    Lawrence, D.A.2    Seegal, R.F.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.