Procedural justice criteria in salary determination

Journal of Managerial Psychology

Volumn 23, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 713-740

  Cloutier, Julie ^a   Vilhuber, Lars ^b  

^a Ecole des sciences de la gestion   (Canada)

^b Department of Obstetrics Gynecology   (United States)

Author keywords

Canada; Compensation; Employee attitudes; Organizational behaviour; Pay; Perception

Indexed keywords

EID: 48749121732     PISSN: 02683946     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1108/02683940810894765     Document Type: Article

References (99)

1. Alexander, S. and Ruderman, M. (1987), "The role of procedural and distributive justice in organizational behavior", Social Justice Research, Vol. 1 No. 2, pp. 177-98.
2. Anderson, J.C. and Gerbing, D.W. (1988), "Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach", Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 103 No. 3, pp. 411-23.
3. Bagozzi, R.P., Yi, Y. and Phillips, L.W. (1991), "Assessing construct validity in organizational research", Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 36, pp. 421-58.
4. Barclay, J.H. and Harland, L.K. (1995), "Peer performance appraisals: The impact of rater competence, rater location, and rating correctability on fairness perceptions", Group and Organization Management, Vol. 20 No. 1, pp. 39-60.
5. Barrett-Howard, E. and Tyler, T.R. (1986), "Procedural justice as a criterion in allocation decisions", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 50 No. 2, pp. 296-304.
6. Beehr, T.A., Nair, V.N., Gudanowski, D.M. and Such, M. (2004), "Perceptions of reasons for promotion of self and others", Human Relations, Vol. 57 No. 4, pp. 413-38.
7. Bauer, T.N., Truxillo, D.M., Sanchez, R.J., Graig, J.M., Ferrara, P. and Campion, M.A. (2001), "Applicant reactions to selection: development of the selection procedural justice scale (SPJS)", Personnel Psychology, Vol. 54, pp. 387-419.
8. Benson, P.G. and Hornsby, J.S. (1991), "Job evaluation committees as small groups: Implications of group dynamics for fairness in pay", International Journal of Public Administration, Vol. 14 No. 5, pp. 845-69.
9. Bentler, P.M. (1990), "Comparative fit indexes in structural models", Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 107 No. 2, pp. 238-46.
10. Bentler, P.M. and Bonett, D.G. (1980), "Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures", Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 88, pp. 588-606.
11. Bies, R.J. and Moag, J.S. (1986), "Interactional justice: communication criteria of fairness", Research on Negotiation in Organizations, Vol. 1, pp. 43-55.
12. Bies, R.J. and Shapiro, D.L. (1988), "Voice and justification: their influence on procedural fairness judgments", Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 31 No. 3, pp. 676-85.
13. Blader, S.L. and Tyler, T.R. (2003), "A four-component model or procedural justice: Defining the meaning of a fair process", Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 29 No. 6, pp. 747-58.
14. Blancero, D. and Dyer, L. (1996), "Due process for non-union employees: The influence of system characteristics on fairness perceptions", Human Resource Management, Vol. 35 No. 3, pp. 343-59.
15. Bradley, L.M. (2006), "Perceptions of justice when selecting internal and external job candidates", Personnel Review, Vol. 35 No. 1, pp. 66-77.
16. Browne, M.W. and Cudeck, R. (1993), "Alternative ways of assessing model fit", in Bollen, K.A. and Long, J.S. (Eds), Testing Structural Equation Models, Sage Publications, Newbury Park, CA, pp. 136-62.
17. Campbell, D.T. and Fiske, D.W. (1959), "Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix", Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 56 No. 2, pp. 81-105.
18. Carmines, E.G. and Zeller, R.A. (1979), Reliability and Validity Assessment, Sage Publications, Newbury Park, NJ.
19. Clark, M.C. and Payne, R.L. (1997), "The nature and structure of worker's trust in management", Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 18, pp. 205-27.
20. Cohen, R.L. and Greenberg, J. (1982), "The justice concept in social psychology", in Greenberg, J. and Cohen, R.L. (Eds), Equity and Justice in Social Behavior, Academic Press, New York, NY, pp. 1-41.
21. Cohen-Charash, Y. and Spector, P.E. (2001), "The role of justice in organization: A meta-analysis", Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Vol. 86 No. 2, pp. 278-321.
22. Colquitt, J. (2001), "On the dimensionality of organizational justice: A construct validation of a measure", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 86 No. 3, pp. 386-400.
23. Colquitt, J.A., Conlon, D.E., Wesson, M., Porter, C.O.L.H. and Yee Ng, K. (2001), "Justice at the millennium: A meta-analytic review of 25 years of organizational justice research", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 86 No. 3, pp. 425-45.
24. Cook, K.S. and Hegtvedt, K.A. (1983), "Distributive justice, equity and equality", Annual Review of Sociology, Vol. 9, pp. 217-41.
25. Cropanzano, R. and Greenberg, J. (1997), "Progress in organizational justice: Tunneling through the maze", International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 12, pp. 317-72.
26. Cropanzano, R. and Wright, T.A. (2003), "Procedural justice and organizational staffing: A tale of two paradigms", Human Resource Management Review, Vol. 13, pp. 7-39.
27. DeCarufel, A. (1986), "Pay secrecy, social comparison, and relative deprivation in organizations", in Olson, J.M., Herman, C.P. and Zanna, M.P. (Eds), Relative Deprivation and Social Comparison: The Ontario Symposium, Vol. 4, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, Hillsdale, NJ, pp. 181-99.
28. DeConinck, J.B. and King, W.C. (2003), "An examination of the test scores of the Folger and Konovsky measure of procedural justice", Educational and Psychological Measurement, Vol. 63 No. 3, pp. 516-32.
29. Dittrich, J.E. and Carrell, M.R. (1979), "Organizational equity perceptions, employee job satisfaction, and departemental absence and turnover rates", Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, Vol. 24, pp. 29-40.
30. Dulebohn, J.H. and Martocchio, J.J. (1998), "Employee perceptions of the fairness of work group incentive pay plans", Journal of Management, Vol. 24 No. 4, pp. 469-88.
31. Dyer, L. and Thériault, R. (1976), "The determinants of pay satisfaction", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 61 No. 5, pp. 596-604.
32. Erdogan, B., Kraimer, M.L. and Liden, R.C. (2001), "Procedural justice as a two-dimensional construct", Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, Vol. 37 No. 2, pp. 205-22.
33. Fields, D.L. (2002), Taking the Measure of Work: A Guide to Validated Scales for Organizational Research and Diagnosis, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA.
34. Folger, R. (1977), "Distributive and procedural justice: Combined impact of voice and improvement on experienced inequity", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 35 No. 2, pp. 108-19.
35. Folger, R. (1996), "Distributive and procedural justice: multifaceted meaning and interrelations", Social Justice Research, Vol. 9 No. 4, pp. 395-416.
36. Folger, R. and Greenberg, J. (1985), "Procedural justice: An interpretative analysis of personnel systems", in Rowland, K.M. and Ferris, G.R. (Eds), Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, Vol. 3, JAI Press, Greenwich, CT, pp. 141-83.
37. Folger, R. and Konovsky, M.A. (1989), "Effects of procedural and distributive justice on reactions to pay raise decisions", Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 32 No. 1, pp. 115-30.
38. Folger, R., Konovsky, M.A. and Cropanzano, R. (1992), "A due process metaphor for performance appraisal", Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 14, pp. 129-77.
39. Fowler, F.J. Jr. (1993), Survey Research Methods, Sage Publications, Newbury Park, CA.
40. Gilliland, S.W. (1993), "The perceived fairness of selection systems: An organizational justice perspective", Academy of Management Review, Vol. 18 No. 4, pp. 694-734.
41. Gilliland, S.W. (1994), "Effects of procedural and distributive justice on reactions to a selection system", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 79 No. 5, pp. 691-701.
42. Greenberg, J. (1986), "Determinants of perceived fairness of performance evaluations", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 71 No. 2, pp. 340-2.
43. Greenberg, J. (1987a), "Reactions to procedural injustice in payment distributions. Do the means justify the ends?", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 72 No. 1, pp. 55-61.
44. Greenberg, J. (1987b), "Using diaries to promote procedural justice in performance appraisals", Social Justice Research, Vol. 1 No. 2, pp. 219-34.
45. Greenberg, J. (1990), "Organizational justice: Yesterday, today and tomorrow", Journal of Management, Vol. 16 No. 2, pp. 399-432.
46. Greenberg, J. (1993), "The social side of fairness: Interpersonal and informational classes of organizational justice", in Cropanzano, R. (Ed.), Justice in the Workplace: Approaching Fairness in Human Resource Management, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, pp. 79-103.
47. Hauenstein, N.M.A., McGonigle, T. and Flinder, S.W. (2001), "A meta-analysis of the relationship between procedural justice and distributive justice: Implication for justice research", Employee Responsabilities and Rights Journal, Vol. 13 No. 1, pp. 39-56.
48. Hendrix, W.H., Robbins, T., Miller, J. and Summers, T.P. (1998), "Effects of procedural and distributive justice on factors predictive of turnover", Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, Vol. 13 No. 4, pp. 611-32.
49. Heneman, H.G. III and Schwab, D.P. (1985), "Pay satisfaction: Its multidimensional nature and measurement", International Journal of Psychology, Vol. 20, pp. 129-41.
50. Hinkin, T.R. (1998), "A brief tutorial on the development of measure for use in survey questionnaires", Organizational Research Methods, Vol. 1 No. 1, pp. 104-21.
51. Igalens, J. and Roussel, P. (1998), Méthodes de recherche en gestion des ressources humaines, Economica, Paris.
52. Jenkins, D.G. and Lawler, E.E. III (1981), "Impact of employee participation in pay plan development", Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, Vol. 28, pp. 111-28.
53. Jones, F.F., Scarpello, V. and Bergmann, T. (1999), "Pay procedures - what makes them fair", Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, Vol. 72, pp. 129-45.
54. Jöreskog, K.G. and Sörbom, D. (1996), LISREL 8: User's Reference Guide, Scientific Software International, Chicago, IL.
55. Kernan, M.C. and Hanges, P.J. (2002), "Survivor reactions to reorganization: Antecedents and consequences of procedural, interpersonal, and informational justice", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 87 No. 5, pp. 916-28.
56. Kline, R.B. (1998), Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling, The Guilford Press, New York, NY.
57. Konovsky, M.A. (2000), "Understanding procedural justice and its impact on business organizations", Journal of Management, Vol. 26 No. 3, pp. 489-511.
58. Konovsky, M.A. and Brockner, J. (1993), "Managing victim and survivor layoff reactions: A procedural justice perspective", in Cropanzano, R. (Ed.), Justice in the Workplace, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, pp. 133-53.
59. Konovsky, M.A. and Folger, R. (1991), "The effects of procedures, social accounts, and benefits level on victims' layoff reactions", Journal of Applied Social Psychology, Vol. 21 No. 8, pp. 630-50.
60. Krejcie, R.V. and Morgan, D.W. (1970), "Determining sample size for research activities", Educational and Psychological Measurement, Vol. 30, pp. 607-10.
61. Lee, C., Law, K. and Bobko, P. (1999), "The importance of justice perceptions on pay effectiveness: A two-year study of a skill-based pay plan", Journal of management, Vol. 25 No. 6, pp. 851-73.
62. Leventhal, G.S. (1976), "The distribution of rewards and resources in groups and organizations", in Berkowitz, L. and Walster, E. (Eds), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Vol. 9, Academic Press, New York, NY, pp. 91-131.
63. Leventhal, G.S. (1980), "What should be done with equity theory? New approaches to the study of fairness in social relationships", in Gergen, K.J., Greenberg, M.S. and Willis, R.H. (Eds), Social Exchange: Advances in Theory and Research, Plenum Press, New York, NY, pp. 27-55.
64. Leventhal, G.S., Karuza, J. and Fry, W.R. (1980), "Beyond fairness: a theory of allocation preferences", in Mikula, G. (Ed.), Justice and Social Interaction, Springer-Verlag, New York, NY, pp. 167-218.
65. Lind, A.E. and Tyler, T.R. (1988), The Social Psychology of Procedural Justice, Plenum Press, New York, NY.
66. McEnrue, M.P. (1989), "The perceived fairness of managerial promotion practices", Human Relations, Vol. 42 No. 9, pp. 815-27.
67. McEvoy, G.M. and Buller, P.F. (1987), "User acceptance of peer appraisals in an industrial setting", Personnel Psychology, Vol. 40, pp. 785-97.
68. McFarlin, D.B. and Sweeney, P.D. (1996), "Does having a say matter only if you get your way? Instrumental and value-expressive effects of employee voice", Basic and Applied Social Psychology, Vol. 18 No. 3, pp. 289-303.
69. McFarlin, D.B. and Sweeney, P.D. (1992), "Distributive and procedural justice as predictors of satisfaction with personal and organizational outcomes", Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 35 No. 3, pp. 626-37.
70. Martin, C.L. and Bennett, N. (1996), "The role of justice judgments in explaining the relationship between job satisfaction and organization commitment", Group and Organization Management, Vol. 21 No. 1, pp. 84-105.
71. Maurer, T.J. and Tarulli, B.A. (1996), "Acceptance of peer/upward performance appraisal systems: Role of work context factors and beliefs about managers' development capability", Human Resource Management, Vol. 35 No. 2, pp. 217-41.
72. Mayer, R.C. and Davis, J.H. (1999), "The effect of the performance appraisal system on trust for management: A field quasi-experiment", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 84 No. 1, pp. 123-36.
73. Miceli, M.P. and Mulvey, P.W. (2000), "Consequences of satisfaction with pay systems: Two field study", Industrial Relations, Vol. 39 No. 1, pp. 62-87.
74. Miceli, M.P., Jung, I., Near, J.P. and Greenberger, D.B. (1991), "Predictors and outcomes of reactions to pay-for-performance plans", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 76 No. 4, pp. 508-21.
75. Milkovich, G.T. and Newman, J.M. (2007), Compensation, McGraw-Hill, Boston, MA.
76. Moorman, R.H. (1991), "Relationship between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior: Do fairness perceptions influence employee citizenship?", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 76 No. 6, pp. 845-55.
77. Nunnally, J. and Bernstein, I. (1994), Psychometric Theory, 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, NY.
78. Pedhazur, E.J. and Pedhazur Schmelkin, L. (1991), Measurement, Design, And Analysis: An Integrated Approach, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
79. Podsakoff, P.M., MacKenzie, S.B., Lee, J.-Y. and Podsakoff, N.P. (2003), "Common method biases in behavioural research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies", Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 88 No. 5, pp. 879-903.
80. Robbins, T.L., Summers, T.P. and Miller, J.L. (2000), "Intra- and inter-justice relationships: Assessing the direction", Human Relations, Vol. 53 No. 10, pp. 1329-55.
81. Scarpello, V. and Jones, F.F. (1996), "Why justice matters in compensation decision making", Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 17, pp. 285-99.
82. Schappe, S.P. (1998), "The influence of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and fairness perceptions on organizational citizenship behavior", Journal of Psychology, Vol. 132 No. 3, pp. 277-90.
83. Schwab, D.P. (1980), "Construct validity in organizational behavior", Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 1, pp. 3-43.
84. Sheppard, B.H. and Lewicki, R.J. (1987), "Toward general principles of managerial fairness", Social Justice Research, Vol. 1 No. 2, pp. 161-76.
85. Sheppard, B.H., Lewicki, R.J. and Minton, J.W. (1992), Organizational Justice: The Search for Fairness in the Workplace, Lexington Books, New York, NY.
86. Singer, M.S. (1992), "Procedural justice in managerial selection: identification of fairness determinants and associations of fairness perceptions", Social Justice Research, Vol. 5, pp. 49-70.
87. Smither, J.W., Millsap, R.E., Stoffey, R.W., Reilly, R.R. and Pearlman, K. (1996), "An experimental test of the influence of selection procedures on fairness perceptions, attitudes about the organization, and job pursuit intentions", Journal of Business and Psychology, Vol. 10 No. 3, pp. 297-318.
88. St-Onge, S. (2000), "Variables influencing the perceived relationship between performance and pay in e merit pay environment", Journal of Business and Psychology, Vol. 14 No. 3, pp. 459-79.
89. Sweeney, P.D. and McFarlin, D.B. (1993), "Workers' evaluations of the ends and the means: An examination of four models of distributive and procedural justice", Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Vol. 55 No. 1, pp. 23-40.
90. Sweeney, P.D. and McFarlin, D.B. (1997), "Process and outcome: gender differences in the assessment of justice", Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 18, pp. 83-98.
91. Taylor, S.H., Tracy, K.B., Renard, M.K., Harrison, J.K. and Carroll, S.J. (1995), "Due process in performance appraisal: A quasi-experiment in procedural justice", Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 40 No. 3, pp. 495-523.
92. Thibaut, J. and Walker, L. (1975), Procedural Justice: A Psychological Analysis, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers, Hillsdale, NJ.
93. Tremblay, M. and Roussel, P. (1996), "Modélisation du rôle de la justice organisationnelle: Ses effets sur la satisfaction et sur les attitudes à l'égard de l'action collective", working paper, Hautes études Commerciales, Montréal.
94. Tremblay, M., Sire, B. and Balkin, D.B. (2000), "The role of organizational justice in pay and employee benefit satisfaction, and its effects on work attitudes", Group and Organization Management, Vol. 25 No. 3, p. 269.
95. Tyler, T.R. (1989), "The psychology of procedural justice: A test of the group-value model", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 57 No. 5, pp. 830-8.
96. Tyler, T.R. and Bies, R.J. (1990), "Beyond formal procedures: The interpersonal context of procedural justice", in Carroll, J.S. (Ed.), Applied Social Psychology And Organizational Settings, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, pp. 77-98.
97. Tyler, T.R. and Lind, E.A. (1992), "A relational model of authority in groups", Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Vol. 25, pp. 115-68.
98. Van den Bos, K., Wilke, H.A.M., Lind, E.A. and Vermunt, R. (1998), "Evaluating outcomes by means of the fair process effect: Evidence for different processes in fairness and satisfaction judgments", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 74 No. 6, pp. 1493-503.
99. Williams, M.L., Malos, S.B. and Palmer, D.K. (2002), "Benefit system and benefit level satisfaction: An expanded model of antecedents and consequences", Journal of Management, Vol. 28 No. 2, pp. 195-215.