Immunopathogenesis of autoimmune diseases

Immunotoxicology and Immunopharmacology, Third Edition

Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 423-436

  Fairweather, DeLisa ^a   Rose, Noel R ^b  

^a The Johns Hopkins University   (United States)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 48249085301     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (85)

1. National Institutes of Health Autoimmune Disease Coordination Committee Report, Bethesda, MD, The Institutes, 2004.
2. Jacobson, D.L., et al., Epidemiology and estimated population burden of selected autoimmune diseases in the United States, Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol., 84, 223, 1997.
3. Rose, N.R., Mechanisms of autoimmunity, Sem. Liver Dis., 22, 387, 2002.
4. Guilbert, B., Dighiero, G., and Avrameus, S., Naturally occurring antibodies against nine common antigens in human sera, J. Immunol., 128, 2779, 1982.
5. Goodnow, C.C., et al., Cellular and genetic mechanisms of self tolerance and autoimmunity, Nature, 435, 590, 2005.
6. Schwartz, M. and Kipnis, J., Self and non-self discrimination is needed for the existence rather than deletion of autoimmunity: The role of regulatory T cells in protective autoimmunity, Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 61, 2285, 2004.
7. Eisenberg, R., Do autoantigens define autoimmunity or vice versa?, Eur. J. Immunol., 35, 367, 2005.
8. Silverstein, A.M. and Rose, N.R., On the implications of polyclonal B cell activation, Nature Immunol., 4, 931, 2003.
9. Fairweather, D., Frisancho-Kiss, S., and Rose, N.R., Viruses as adjuvants for autoimmunity: Evidence from coxsackievirus-induced myocarditis, Rev. Med. Virol., 15, 17, 2005.
10. Rioux, J.D. and Abbus, A.K., Paths to understanding the genetic basis of autoimmune disease, Nature, 435, 584, 2005.
11. Kronenberg, M. and Rudensky, A., Regulation of immunity by self-reactive T cells, Nature, 435, 598, 2005.
12. Abbas, A.K., et al., T cell tolerance and autoimmunity, Autoimm. Rev., 3, 471, 2004.
13. Marleau, A.M. and Sarvetnick, N., T cell homeostasis in tolerance and immunity, J. Leukoc. Biol., 78, 1, 2005.
14. Nauta, A.J., Roos, A., and Daha, M.R., A regulatory role for complement in innate immunity and autoimmunity, Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol., 134, 310, 2004.
15. Bellamy, C.O., et al., Cell death in health and disease: The biology and regulation of apoptosis, Semin. Cancer Biol., 6, 3, 1995.
16. Kalden, J., Apoptosis in systemic autoimmunity, Autoimm. Rev., 3(Suppl. 1), S9, 2004.
17. Todaro, M., Zeuner, A., and Stassi, G., Role of apoptosis in autoimmunity, J. Clin. Immunol., 24, 1, 2004.
18. Dayer, J.M. and Burger, D., Cell-cell interactions and tissue damage in rheumatoid arthritis, Autoimm. Rev., 3(Suppl. 1), S14, 2004.
19. Groux, H., et al., A CD4+ T cell subset inhibits antigen-specific T cell responses and prevents colitis, Nature, 389, 737, 1997.
20. Malek, T.R. and Bayer, A.L., Tolerance, not immunity, crucially depends on IL-2, Nature Rev. Immunol., 4, 665, 2004.
21. Nelson, B.H., IL-2, regulatory T cells, and tolerance, J. Immunol., 172, 3983, 2004.
22. Tan, E.M., Autoantibodies in diagnosis and in identifying autoantigens, The Immunologist, July, 85, 1999.
23. Arbuckle, M.R., et al., Development of autoantibodies before the clinical onset of systemic lupus erythematosus, N. Engl. J. Med., 349, 1536, 2003.
24. Rubin, R.L., Drug-induced lupus, Toxicology, 209, 135, 2005.
25. Notkins, A.L., Pathogenic mechanisms in autoimmune disease, Autoimm. Rev., 3(Suppl. 1), S7, 2004.
26. Ferraccioli, G. and Gremese, E., Thrombogenicity of TNFα in rheumatoid arthritis defined through biological probes: TNFα blockers, Autoimm. Rev., 3, 261, 2004.
27. Feldmann, M. and Steinman, L., Design of effective immunotherapy for human autoimmunity, Nature, 435, 612, 2005.
28. Fairweather, D. and Rose, N.R., Women and autoimmune diseases, Emerging Inf. Dis., 10, 2005, 2004.
29. Rose, N.R., Autoimmune diseases: Tracing the shared threads, Hosp. Pract., 15, 147, 1997.
30. McDonagh, J.E. and Isenberg, D.A., Development of additional autoimmune diseases in a population of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, Ann. Rheum. Dis., 59, 230, 2000.
31. Larsen, C.E. and Alper, C.A., The genetics of HLA-associated disease, Curr. Opinion Immunol., 16, 660, 2004.
32. Vladutiu, A.O. and Rose, N.R., Autoimmune murine thyroiditis. Relation to histocompatibility (H-2) type, Science, 174, 1137, 1971.
33. Silverman, D.A. and Rose, N.R., Neonatal thymectomy increases the incidence of spontaneous and methylcholanthrene-enhanced thyroiditis in rats, Science, 184, 162, 1974.
34. Bacon, L.D., Kite, J.H., Jr. and Rose, N.R., Relation between the major histocompatibility (B) locus and autoimmune thyroiditis in obese chickens, Science, 186, 274, 1974.
35. Toubi, E. and Shoenfeld, Y., Toll-like receptors and their role in the development of autoimmune diseases, Autoimmunity, 37, 183, 2004.
36. Christen, U. and von Herrath, M.G., Initiation of autoimmunity, Curr. Opinion Immunol., 16, 759, 2004.
37. Guler, M.L., et al., Two autoimmune diabetes loci influencing T cell apoptosis control susceptibility to experimental autoimmune myocarditis, J. Immunol., 174, 2167, 2005.
38. Wanstrat, A. and Wakeland, E., The genetics of complex autoimmune diseases: Non-MHC susceptibility genes, Nature Immunol., 2, 802, 2001.
39. Adams, K.M. and Nelson, J.L., Microchimerism: An investigative frontier in autoimmunity and transplantation, JAMA, 291, 1127, 2004.
40. Maloney, S., et al., Microchimerism of maternal origin persists into adult life, J. Clin. Invest., 104, 41, 1999.
41. Ando, T. and Davies, T.F., Self-recognition and the role of fetal microchimerism, Best Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrin. Metab., 18, 197, 2004.
42. Davidson, A. and Diamond, B., Autoimmune diseases, N. Engl. J. Med., 345, 340, 2001.
43. Brix, T.H., et al., Evidence for a major role of heredity in Graves’ disease: A populationbased study of two Danish twin cohorts, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 86, 930, 2001.
44. Fairweather, D. and Rose, N.R., Models of coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis: Recent advances, Drug Discovery Today: Disease Models, 1, 381, 2004.
45. Horwitz, M.S., et al., Pancreatic expression of interferon-gamma protects mice from lethal coxsackievirus B3 infection and subsequent myocarditis, Nature Med., 6, 693, 2000.
46. Carayanniotis, G., The cryptic self in thyroid autoimmunity: The paradigm of thyroglobulin, Autoimmunity, 36, 423, 2003.
47. von Herrath, M.G., Fujinami, R.S., and Whitton, J.L., Microorganisms and autoimmunity: Making the barren field fertile?, Nature Rev. Microbiol., 1, 151, 2003.
48. Cunningham, M.W., T cell mimicry in inflammatory heart disease, Molec. Immunol., 40, 1121, 2004.
49. Horwitz, M.S., et al., Diabetes induced by coxsackievirus: Initiation by bystander damage and not molecular mimicry, Nature Med., 4, 781, 1998.
50. Wucherpfennig, K.W., Structural basis of molecular mimicry. J. Autoimmun., 16, 293, 2001.
51. Dale, J.B. and Beachey, E.H., Sequence of myosin-cross-reactive epitopes of streptococcal M protein, J. Exp. Med., 164, 1785, 1986.
52. Fairweather, D., et al., Wild isolates of murine cytomegalovirus induce myocarditis and antibodies that cross-react with virus and cardiac myosin, Immunology, 94, 263, 1998.
53. Olson, J.K., et al., A virus-induced molecular mimicry model of multiple sclerosis, J. Clin. Invest., 108, 311, 2001.
54. Rose, N.R. and Mackay, I.R., Molecular mimicry: A critical look at exemplary instances in human diseases, Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 57, 542, 2000.
55. Fourneau, J.-M., et al., The elusive case for a role of mimicry in autoimmune diseases, Mol. Immunol., 40, 1095, 2004.
56. Tough, D.F., Borrow, P., and Sprent, J., Induction of bystander T cell proliferation by viruses and type I interferon in vivo, Science, 272, 1947, 1996.
57. Bernal, A., et al., Superantigens in human disease, J. Clin. Immunol., 19, 149, 1999.
58. Kaisho, T. and Akira, S., Toll-like receptors as adjuvant receptors, Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 1589, 1, 2002.
59. Dvorak, A.M. and Dvorak, H.F., Structure of Freund’s complete and incomplete adjuvants, Immunology, 27, 99, 1974.
60. O’Hagan, D.T. and Valiante, N.M., Recent advances in the discovery and delivery of vaccine adjuvants, Nature Rev. Drug Discov., 2, 727, 2003.
61. Mackay, I.R. and Toh, B.-H., Autoimmune hepatitis: The way we were, the way we are today and the way we hope to be, Autoimmunity, 35, 293, 2002.
62. Patten, C., et al., Characterization of pristine-induced arthritis, a murine model of chronic disease, Arthritis Rheum., 50, 3334, 2004.
63. Fairweather, D., et al., IL-12Rβ1 and TLR4 increase IL-1β and IL-18-associated myocarditis and coxsackievirus replication, J. Immunol., 170, 4731, 2003.
64. Whitacre, C.C., Sex differences in autoimmune disease, Nature Immunol., 2, 777, 2001.
65. Da Silva, J.A.P., Sex hormones, glucocorticoids and autoimmunity: Facts and hypotheses, Ann. Rheum. Dis., 54, 6, 1995.
66. Cutolo, M., et al., Sex hormones influence on the immune system: Basic and clinical aspects in autoimmunity, Lupus, 13, 635, 2004.
67. Rose, N.R., Bonita, R., and Burek, C.L., Iodine: An environmental trigger of thyroiditis, Autoimm. Rev., 1, 97, 2002.
68. Prummel, M.F., Strieder, T., and Wierginga, W.M., The environment and autoimmune thyroid diseases, Eur. J. Endocrinol., 150, 605, 2004.
69. Kaplan, M.H., Sundick, R.S., and Rose, N.R., Autoimmune diseases, in Avian Cellular Immunology, Sharma, J.M., Ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1991, 183.
70. Cooper, G.S., et al., Occupational risk factors for the development of systemic lupus erythematosus, J. Rheumatol., 31, 1928, 2004.
71. Olsen, N.J., Drug-induced autoimmunity, Best Pract. Res. Clin. Rheum., 18, 677, 2004.
72. Holland, K. and Spivik, J.L., Drug-induced immunological disorders of the blood, in Clinical Immunotoxicology, Newcombe, D.S., Rose, N.R., and Bloom, J.C., Eds., Raven Press, New York, 1992, 141.
73. Kretz-Rommel, A. and Rubin, R.L. Disruption of positive selection of thymocytes causes autoimmunity, Nature Med., 6, 298, 2000.
74. Layland, L.E., et al., Drug-induced autoantibody formation in mice: Triggering by primed CD4+ CD25- T cells, prevention by primed CD4+ CD25+ T cells, Eur. J. Immunol., 34, 36, 2004.
75. Druet, P., et al., Autoimmune reactions induced by metals, in Autoimmunity and Toxicology: Immune Dysregulation Induced by Drugs and Chemicals, Kammunller, M.E., Blocksma, N., and Seinen, W., Eds., Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1989, 347.
76. Goter Robinson, C.J., White, H.J., and Rose, N.R., Murine strain differences in response to mercuric chloride: Antinucleolar antibody production does not correlate with renal immune complex deposition, Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol., 83, 127, 1997.
77. Pollard, K.M., et al., Costimulation requirements of induced murine systemic autoimmune disease, J. Immunol., 173, 5880, 2004.
78. Rao, T. and Richardson, B., Environmentally induced autoimmune diseases: Potential mechanisms, Environ. Health Perspect., 107(Suppl. 5), 737, 1999.
79. Uber, C.L. and McReynolds, R.A., Immunotoxicology of silica, CRC Crit. Rev. Toxicol., 10, 303, 1982.
80. Steinman, L., Despite epitope spreading in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease, highly restricted approaches to immune therapy may still succeed [with a hedge on this bet], J. Autoimmun., 14, 278, 2000.
81. Rose, N.R., Autoimmunity at the turning point: From investigation to intervention, Autoimm. Rev., 1, 3, 2002.
82. Steinman, L., Immune therapy for autoimmune diseases, Science, 305, 212, 2004.
83. Kremer, J.M., et al., Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis by selective inhibition of T cell activation with fusion protein CTLA-4-Ig, N. Engl. J. Med., 349, 1907, 2003.
84. Bluestone, J.A. and Tang, Q., Therapeutic vaccination using CD4+ CD25+ antigen-specific regulatory T cells, PNAS, 101(Suppl. 2), 14622, 2004.
85. Feldmann, M. and Maini, R.N., Lasker clinical medical research award. TNF defined as a therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases, Nature Med., 9, 1245, 2003.