메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 134, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 341-352

Mistranslation-Induced Protein Misfolding as a Dominant Constraint on Coding-Sequence Evolution

Author keywords

CHEMBIO; EVO_ECOL; PROTEINS

Indexed keywords

MESSENGER RNA;

EID: 47549097539     PISSN: 00928674     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2008.05.042     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (834)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 0028220048 scopus 로고
    • Synonymous codon usage in Drosophila melanogaster: Natural selection and translational accuracy
    • Akashi H. Synonymous codon usage in Drosophila melanogaster: Natural selection and translational accuracy. Genetics 136 (1994) 927-935
    • (1994) Genetics , vol.136 , pp. 927-935
    • Akashi, H.1
  • 3
    • 33846908459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An editing-defective aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is mutagenic in aging bacteria via the SOS response
    • Bacher J.M., and Schimmel P. An editing-defective aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is mutagenic in aging bacteria via the SOS response. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104 (2007) 1907-1912
    • (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.104 , pp. 1907-1912
    • Bacher, J.M.1    Schimmel, P.2
  • 4
    • 0346991738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The problem of counting sites in the estimation of the synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution rates: Implications for the correlation between the synonymous substitution rate and codon usage bias
    • Bierne N., and Eyre-Walker A. The problem of counting sites in the estimation of the synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution rates: Implications for the correlation between the synonymous substitution rate and codon usage bias. Genetics 165 (2003) 1587-1597
    • (2003) Genetics , vol.165 , pp. 1587-1597
    • Bierne, N.1    Eyre-Walker, A.2
  • 6
    • 0030971548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a glucose-repressed pyruvate kinase (Pyk2p) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that is catalytically insensitive to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
    • Boles E., Schulte F., Miosga T., Freidel K., Schluter E., Zimmermann F.K., Hollenberg C.P., and Heinisch J.J. Characterization of a glucose-repressed pyruvate kinase (Pyk2p) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that is catalytically insensitive to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. J. Bacteriol. 179 (1997) 2987-2993
    • (1997) J. Bacteriol. , vol.179 , pp. 2987-2993
    • Boles, E.1    Schulte, F.2    Miosga, T.3    Freidel, K.4    Schluter, E.5    Zimmermann, F.K.6    Hollenberg, C.P.7    Heinisch, J.J.8
  • 7
    • 33645691679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of hormone-receptor complexity by molecular exploitation
    • Bridgham J.T., Carroll S.M., and Thornton J.W. Evolution of hormone-receptor complexity by molecular exploitation. Science 312 (2006) 97-101
    • (2006) Science , vol.312 , pp. 97-101
    • Bridgham, J.T.1    Carroll, S.M.2    Thornton, J.W.3
  • 9
    • 31144465926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hearing silence: Non-neutral evolution at synonymous sites in mammals
    • Chamary J.V., Parmley J.L., and Hurst L.D. Hearing silence: Non-neutral evolution at synonymous sites in mammals. Nat. Rev. Genet. 7 (2006) 98-108
    • (2006) Nat. Rev. Genet. , vol.7 , pp. 98-108
    • Chamary, J.V.1    Parmley, J.L.2    Hurst, L.D.3
  • 10
    • 33846479811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of transcriptional properties on essentiality and evolutionary rate
    • Choi J.K., Kim S.C., Seo J., Kim S., and Bhak J. Impact of transcriptional properties on essentiality and evolutionary rate. Genetics 175 (2007) 199-206
    • (2007) Genetics , vol.175 , pp. 199-206
    • Choi, J.K.1    Kim, S.C.2    Seo, J.3    Kim, S.4    Bhak, J.5
  • 11
    • 34548018528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanistic approaches to the study of evolution: The functional synthesis
    • Dean A.M., and Thornton J.W. Mechanistic approaches to the study of evolution: The functional synthesis. Nat. Rev. Genet. 8 (2007) 675-688
    • (2007) Nat. Rev. Genet. , vol.8 , pp. 675-688
    • Dean, A.M.1    Thornton, J.W.2
  • 12
    • 33846021292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue-specific differences in human transfer RNA expression
    • Dittmar K.A., Goodenbour J.M., and Pan T. Tissue-specific differences in human transfer RNA expression. PLoS Genet. 2 (2006) e221
    • (2006) PLoS Genet. , vol.2
    • Dittmar, K.A.1    Goodenbour, J.M.2    Pan, T.3
  • 14
    • 4644280499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solving the riddle of codon usage preferences: A test for translational selection
    • dos Reis M., Savva R., and Wernisch L. Solving the riddle of codon usage preferences: A test for translational selection. Nucleic Acids Res. 32 (2004) 5036-5044
    • (2004) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.32 , pp. 5036-5044
    • dos Reis, M.1    Savva, R.2    Wernisch, L.3
  • 16
    • 30744441602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A single determinant dominates the rate of yeast protein evolution
    • Drummond D.A., Raval A., and Wilke C.O. A single determinant dominates the rate of yeast protein evolution. Mol. Biol. Evol. 23 (2006) 327-337
    • (2006) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.23 , pp. 327-337
    • Drummond, D.A.1    Raval, A.2    Wilke, C.O.3
  • 17
    • 0033551151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression pattern and, surprisingly, gene length shape codon usage in Caenorhabditis, Drosophila, and Arabidopsis
    • Duret L., and Mouchiroud D. Expression pattern and, surprisingly, gene length shape codon usage in Caenorhabditis, Drosophila, and Arabidopsis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96 (1999) 4482-4487
    • (1999) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.96 , pp. 4482-4487
    • Duret, L.1    Mouchiroud, D.2
  • 18
    • 0033977618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of substitution rates in mammalian genes: Expression pattern affects selection intensity but not mutation rate
    • Duret L., and Mouchiroud D. Determinants of substitution rates in mammalian genes: Expression pattern affects selection intensity but not mutation rate. Mol. Biol. Evol. 17 (2000) 68-74
    • (2000) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.17 , pp. 68-74
    • Duret, L.1    Mouchiroud, D.2
  • 19
    • 3042666256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MUSCLE: Multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput
    • Edgar R.C. MUSCLE: Multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Res. 32 (2004) 1792-1797
    • (2004) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.32 , pp. 1792-1797
    • Edgar, R.C.1
  • 20
    • 0031662136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genetic code is one in a million
    • Freeland S.J., and Hurst L.D. The genetic code is one in a million. J. Mol. Evol. 47 (1998) 238-248
    • (1998) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.47 , pp. 238-248
    • Freeland, S.J.1    Hurst, L.D.2
  • 22
    • 3042681604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein tolerance to random amino acid change
    • Guo H.H., Choe J., and Loeb L.A. Protein tolerance to random amino acid change. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101 (2004) 9205-9210
    • (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.101 , pp. 9205-9210
    • Guo, H.H.1    Choe, J.2    Loeb, L.A.3
  • 23
    • 0021958933 scopus 로고
    • Codon usage and tRNA content in unicellular and multicellular organisms
    • Ikemura T. Codon usage and tRNA content in unicellular and multicellular organisms. Mol. Biol. Evol. 2 (1985) 13-34
    • (1985) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.2 , pp. 13-34
    • Ikemura, T.1
  • 24
    • 33847686233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene expression and protein length influence codon usage and rates of sequence evolution in Populus tremula
    • Ingvarsson P.K. Gene expression and protein length influence codon usage and rates of sequence evolution in Populus tremula. Mol. Biol. Evol. 24 (2007) 836-844
    • (2007) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.24 , pp. 836-844
    • Ingvarsson, P.K.1
  • 25
    • 33748980210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary systems biology: Links between gene evolution and function
    • Koonin E.V., and Wolf Y.I. Evolutionary systems biology: Links between gene evolution and function. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 17 (2006) 481-487
    • (2006) Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. , vol.17 , pp. 481-487
    • Koonin, E.V.1    Wolf, Y.I.2
  • 26
    • 0036381074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ion channel formation and membrane-linked pathologies of misfolded hydrophobic proteins: The role of dangerous unchaperoned molecules
    • Kourie J.I., and Henry C.L. Ion channel formation and membrane-linked pathologies of misfolded hydrophobic proteins: The role of dangerous unchaperoned molecules. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 29 (2002) 741-753
    • (2002) Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. , vol.29 , pp. 741-753
    • Kourie, J.I.1    Henry, C.L.2
  • 27
    • 33845895536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The frequency of translational misreading errors in E. coli is largely determined by tRNA competition
    • Kramer E.B., and Farabaugh P.J. The frequency of translational misreading errors in E. coli is largely determined by tRNA competition. RNA 13 (2007) 87-96
    • (2007) RNA , vol.13 , pp. 87-96
    • Kramer, E.B.1    Farabaugh, P.J.2
  • 28
    • 0142124263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene loss, protein sequence divergence, gene dispensability, expression level, and interactivity are correlated in eukaryotic evolution
    • Krylov D.M., Wolf Y.I., Rogozin I.B., and Koonin E.V. Gene loss, protein sequence divergence, gene dispensability, expression level, and interactivity are correlated in eukaryotic evolution. Genome Res. 13 (2003) 2229-2235
    • (2003) Genome Res. , vol.13 , pp. 2229-2235
    • Krylov, D.M.1    Wolf, Y.I.2    Rogozin, I.B.3    Koonin, E.V.4
  • 30
    • 17744376961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of proteins and gene expression levels are coupled in Drosophila and are independently associated with mRNA abundance, protein length, and number of protein-protein interactions
    • Lemos B., Bettencourt B.R., Meiklejohn C.D., and Hartl D.L. Evolution of proteins and gene expression levels are coupled in Drosophila and are independently associated with mRNA abundance, protein length, and number of protein-protein interactions. Mol. Biol. Evol. 22 (2005) 1345-1354
    • (2005) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.22 , pp. 1345-1354
    • Lemos, B.1    Bettencourt, B.R.2    Meiklejohn, C.D.3    Hartl, D.L.4
  • 31
    • 0022005270 scopus 로고
    • A new method for estimating synonymous and nonsynonymous rates of nucleotide substitution considering the relative likelihood of nucleotide and codon changes
    • Li W.H., Wu C.I., and Luo C.C. A new method for estimating synonymous and nonsynonymous rates of nucleotide substitution considering the relative likelihood of nucleotide and codon changes. Mol. Biol. Evol. 2 (1985) 150-174
    • (1985) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.2 , pp. 150-174
    • Li, W.H.1    Wu, C.I.2    Luo, C.C.3
  • 32
    • 33749579409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of gene essentiality, expression pattern, and gene compactness on the evolutionary rate of mammalian proteins
    • Liao B.Y., Scott N.M., and Zhang J. Impacts of gene essentiality, expression pattern, and gene compactness on the evolutionary rate of mammalian proteins. Mol. Biol. Evol. 23 (2006) 2072-2080
    • (2006) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.23 , pp. 2072-2080
    • Liao, B.Y.1    Scott, N.M.2    Zhang, J.3
  • 33
    • 11944249127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlated evolution of synonymous and nonsynonymous sites in Drosophila
    • Marais G., Domazet-Loso T., Tautz D., and Charlesworth B. Correlated evolution of synonymous and nonsynonymous sites in Drosophila. J. Mol. Evol. 59 (2004) 771-779
    • (2004) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.59 , pp. 771-779
    • Marais, G.1    Domazet-Loso, T.2    Tautz, D.3    Charlesworth, B.4
  • 34
    • 0028076771 scopus 로고
    • Genetic studies of the lac repressor. XIV. Analysis of 4000 altered Escherichia coli lac repressors reveals essential and non-essential residues, as well as "spacers" which do not require a specific sequence
    • Markiewicz P., Kleina L.G., Cruz C., Ehret S., and Miller J.H. Genetic studies of the lac repressor. XIV. Analysis of 4000 altered Escherichia coli lac repressors reveals essential and non-essential residues, as well as "spacers" which do not require a specific sequence. J. Mol. Biol. 240 (1994) 421-433
    • (1994) J. Mol. Biol. , vol.240 , pp. 421-433
    • Markiewicz, P.1    Kleina, L.G.2    Cruz, C.3    Ehret, S.4    Miller, J.H.5
  • 35
    • 18844413446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural insights into translational fidelity
    • Ogle J.M., and Ramakrishnan V. Structural insights into translational fidelity. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 74 (2005) 129-177
    • (2005) Annu. Rev. Biochem. , vol.74 , pp. 129-177
    • Ogle, J.M.1    Ramakrishnan, V.2
  • 36
    • 0024792699 scopus 로고
    • Genetic analysis of protein stability and function
    • Pakula A.A., and Sauer R.T. Genetic analysis of protein stability and function. Annu. Rev. Genet. 23 (1989) 289-310
    • (1989) Annu. Rev. Genet. , vol.23 , pp. 289-310
    • Pakula, A.A.1    Sauer, R.T.2
  • 37
    • 0034978556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Highly expressed genes in yeast evolve slowly
    • Pál C., Papp B., and Hurst L.D. Highly expressed genes in yeast evolve slowly. Genetics 158 (2001) 927-931
    • (2001) Genetics , vol.158 , pp. 927-931
    • Pál, C.1    Papp, B.2    Hurst, L.D.3
  • 38
    • 33646182934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An integrated view of protein evolution
    • Pál C., Papp B., and Lercher M.J. An integrated view of protein evolution. Nat. Rev. Genet. 7 (2006) 337-348
    • (2006) Nat. Rev. Genet. , vol.7 , pp. 337-348
    • Pál, C.1    Papp, B.2    Lercher, M.J.3
  • 39
    • 0024722501 scopus 로고
    • Errors and alternatives in reading the universal genetic code
    • Parker J. Errors and alternatives in reading the universal genetic code. Microbiol. Rev. 53 (1989) 273-298
    • (1989) Microbiol. Rev. , vol.53 , pp. 273-298
    • Parker, J.1
  • 41
    • 33645242016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary rates and expression level in Chlamydomonas
    • Popescu C.E., Borza T., Bielawski J.P., and Lee R.W. Evolutionary rates and expression level in Chlamydomonas. Genetics 172 (2006) 1567-1576
    • (2006) Genetics , vol.172 , pp. 1567-1576
    • Popescu, C.E.1    Borza, T.2    Bielawski, J.P.3    Lee, R.W.4
  • 42
    • 8744310123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Codon usage bias from tRNA's point of view: Redundancy, specialization, and efficient decoding for translation optimization
    • Rocha E.P. Codon usage bias from tRNA's point of view: Redundancy, specialization, and efficient decoding for translation optimization. Genome Res. 14 (2004) 2279-2286
    • (2004) Genome Res. , vol.14 , pp. 2279-2286
    • Rocha, E.P.1
  • 43
    • 1242284655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of determinants of amino acids substitution rates in bacterial proteins
    • Rocha E.P., and Danchin A. An analysis of determinants of amino acids substitution rates in bacterial proteins. Mol. Biol. Evol. 21 (2004) 108-116
    • (2004) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.21 , pp. 108-116
    • Rocha, E.P.1    Danchin, A.2
  • 45
    • 0023274170 scopus 로고
    • The rate of synonymous substitution in enterobacterial genes is inversely related to codon usage bias
    • Sharp P.M., and Li W.H. The rate of synonymous substitution in enterobacterial genes is inversely related to codon usage bias. Mol. Biol. Evol. 4 (1987) 222-230
    • (1987) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.4 , pp. 222-230
    • Sharp, P.M.1    Li, W.H.2
  • 46
    • 0025988205 scopus 로고
    • Synonymous codon usage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • Sharp P.M., and Cowe E. Synonymous codon usage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 7 (1991) 657-678
    • (1991) Yeast , vol.7 , pp. 657-678
    • Sharp, P.M.1    Cowe, E.2
  • 47
    • 0037264120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unfolding the role of protein misfolding in neurodegenerative diseases
    • Soto C. Unfolding the role of protein misfolding in neurodegenerative diseases. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 4 (2003) 49-60
    • (2003) Nat. Rev. Neurosci. , vol.4 , pp. 49-60
    • Soto, C.1
  • 48
    • 34548726211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generic cell dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders: Role of surfaces in early protein misfolding, aggregation, and aggregate cytotoxicity
    • Stefani M. Generic cell dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders: Role of surfaces in early protein misfolding, aggregation, and aggregate cytotoxicity. Neuroscientist 13 (2007) 519-531
    • (2007) Neuroscientist , vol.13 , pp. 519-531
    • Stefani, M.1
  • 49
    • 0344944630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein aggregation and aggregate toxicity: New insights into protein folding, misfolding diseases and biological evolution
    • Stefani M., and Dobson C.M. Protein aggregation and aggregate toxicity: New insights into protein folding, misfolding diseases and biological evolution. J. Mol. Med. 81 (2003) 678-699
    • (2003) J. Mol. Med. , vol.81 , pp. 678-699
    • Stefani, M.1    Dobson, C.M.2
  • 50
    • 45149128433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cost of expression of Escherichia coli lac operon proteins is in the process, not in the products
    • Stoebel D.M., Dean A.M., and Dykhuizen D.E. The cost of expression of Escherichia coli lac operon proteins is in the process, not in the products. Genetics 178 (2008) 1653-1660
    • (2008) Genetics , vol.178 , pp. 1653-1660
    • Stoebel, D.M.1    Dean, A.M.2    Dykhuizen, D.E.3
  • 51
    • 33846786904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synonymous codon usage in Escherichia coli: Selection for translational accuracy
    • Stoletzki N., and Eyre-Walker A. Synonymous codon usage in Escherichia coli: Selection for translational accuracy. Mol. Biol. Evol. 24 (2007) 374-381
    • (2007) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.24 , pp. 374-381
    • Stoletzki, N.1    Eyre-Walker, A.2
  • 52
    • 5044252972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene expression intensity shapes evolutionary rates of the proteins encoded by the vertebrate genome
    • Subramanian S., and Kumar S. Gene expression intensity shapes evolutionary rates of the proteins encoded by the vertebrate genome. Genetics 168 (2004) 373-381
    • (2004) Genetics , vol.168 , pp. 373-381
    • Subramanian, S.1    Kumar, S.2
  • 53
    • 0001062055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The excess of transitions among nucleotide substitutions: new methods of estimating transition bias underscore its significance
    • Wakeley J. The excess of transitions among nucleotide substitutions: new methods of estimating transition bias underscore its significance. Trends Ecol. Evol. 11 (1996) 158-162
    • (1996) Trends Ecol. Evol. , vol.11 , pp. 158-162
    • Wakeley, J.1
  • 56
    • 0347994900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-resolution yeast phenomics resolves different physiological features in the saline response
    • Warringer J., Ericson E., Fernandez L., Nerman O., and Blomberg A. High-resolution yeast phenomics resolves different physiological features in the saline response. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100 (2003) 15724-15729
    • (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.100 , pp. 15724-15729
    • Warringer, J.1    Ericson, E.2    Fernandez, L.3    Nerman, O.4    Blomberg, A.5
  • 57
    • 25444496759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular clock in neutral protein evolution
    • Wilke C.O. Molecular clock in neutral protein evolution. BMC Genet. 5 (2004) 25
    • (2004) BMC Genet. , vol.5 , pp. 25
    • Wilke, C.O.1
  • 58
    • 33646904645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population genetics of translational robustness
    • Wilke C.O., and Drummond D.A. Population genetics of translational robustness. Genetics 173 (2006) 473-481
    • (2006) Genetics , vol.173 , pp. 473-481
    • Wilke, C.O.1    Drummond, D.A.2
  • 60
    • 4143122090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of gene expression on molecular evolution in Arabidopsis thaliana and Arabidopsis lyrata
    • Wright S.I., Yau C.B., Looseley M., and Meyers B.C. Effects of gene expression on molecular evolution in Arabidopsis thaliana and Arabidopsis lyrata. Mol. Biol. Evol. 21 (2004) 1719-1726
    • (2004) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.21 , pp. 1719-1726
    • Wright, S.I.1    Yau, C.B.2    Looseley, M.3    Meyers, B.C.4
  • 61
    • 20644465818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A highly unexpected strong correlation between fixation probability of nonsynonymous mutations and mutation rate
    • Wyckoff G.J., Malcom C.M., Vallender E.J., and Lahn B.T. A highly unexpected strong correlation between fixation probability of nonsynonymous mutations and mutation rate. Trends Genet. 21 (2005) 381-385
    • (2005) Trends Genet. , vol.21 , pp. 381-385
    • Wyckoff, G.J.1    Malcom, C.M.2    Vallender, E.J.3    Lahn, B.T.4
  • 62
    • 0030683599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PAML: A program package for phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood
    • Yang Z. PAML: A program package for phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood. Comput. Appl. Biosci. 13 (1997) 555-556
    • (1997) Comput. Appl. Biosci. , vol.13 , pp. 555-556
    • Yang, Z.1
  • 64
    • 39749161509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutation-selection models of codon substitution and their use to estimate selective strengths on codon usage
    • Yang Z., and Nielsen R. Mutation-selection models of codon substitution and their use to estimate selective strengths on codon usage. Mol. Biol. Evol. 25 (2008) 568-579
    • (2008) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.25 , pp. 568-579
    • Yang, Z.1    Nielsen, R.2
  • 65
    • 1542286776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mammalian housekeeping genes evolve more slowly than tissue-specific genes
    • Zhang L., and Li W.H. Mammalian housekeeping genes evolve more slowly than tissue-specific genes. Mol. Biol. Evol. 21 (2004) 236-239
    • (2004) Mol. Biol. Evol. , vol.21 , pp. 236-239
    • Zhang, L.1    Li, W.H.2
  • 66
    • 25144520251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein accumulation and neurodegeneration in the woozy mutant mouse is caused by disruption of SIL1, a cochaperone of BiP
    • Zhao L., Longo-Guess C., Harris B.S., Lee J.W., and Ackerman S.L. Protein accumulation and neurodegeneration in the woozy mutant mouse is caused by disruption of SIL1, a cochaperone of BiP. Nat. Genet. 37 (2005) 974-979
    • (2005) Nat. Genet. , vol.37 , pp. 974-979
    • Zhao, L.1    Longo-Guess, C.2    Harris, B.S.3    Lee, J.W.4    Ackerman, S.L.5
  • 67
    • 14544286855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The selective cause of an ancient adaptation
    • Zhu G., Golding G.B., and Dean A.M. The selective cause of an ancient adaptation. Science 307 (2005) 1279-1282
    • (2005) Science , vol.307 , pp. 1279-1282
    • Zhu, G.1    Golding, G.B.2    Dean, A.M.3
  • 68
    • 0017227120 scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary processes and evolutionary noise at the molecular level I. Functional density in proteins
    • Zuckerkandl E. Evolutionary processes and evolutionary noise at the molecular level I. Functional density in proteins. J. Mol. Evol. 7 (1976) 167-183
    • (1976) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.7 , pp. 167-183
    • Zuckerkandl, E.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.