메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 28, Issue 3 B, 2008, Pages 1955-1963

An ecological study of cancer mortality rates including indices for dietary iron and zinc

Author keywords

Alcohol; Cancer; Diet; Iron; Legumes; Meat; Risk; Smoking; Supplements; Ultraviolet B; Urban; Vitamin D; Whole grains; Zinc

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL; IRON; ZINC;

EID: 45949086988     PISSN: 02507005     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (25)

References (108)
  • 2
    • 0019184772 scopus 로고
    • Do sunlight and vitamin D reduce the likelihood of colon cancer?
    • Garland CF and Garland FC: Do sunlight and vitamin D reduce the likelihood of colon cancer? Int J Epidemiol 9: 227-231, 1980.
    • (1980) Int J Epidemiol , vol.9 , pp. 227-231
    • Garland, C.F.1    Garland, F.C.2
  • 3
    • 45949089516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mason TJ, McKay FW, Hoover R, Blot WJ and Fraumeni JF Jr: Atlas of Cancer Mortality for U.S. Counties: 1950-69. U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare. DHEW Pub. No. (NIH) pp. 75-780, 1975.
    • Mason TJ, McKay FW, Hoover R, Blot WJ and Fraumeni JF Jr: Atlas of Cancer Mortality for U.S. Counties: 1950-69. U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare. DHEW Pub. No. (NIH) pp. 75-780, 1975.
  • 4
    • 0025204408 scopus 로고
    • Geographic variation in breast cancer mortality in the United States: A hypothesis involving exposure to solar radiation
    • Garland FC, Garland CF, Gorham ED and Young JF: Geographic variation in breast cancer mortality in the United States: a hypothesis involving exposure to solar radiation. Prev Med 19: 614-622, 1990.
    • (1990) Prev Med , vol.19 , pp. 614-622
    • Garland, F.C.1    Garland, C.F.2    Gorham, E.D.3    Young, J.F.4
  • 5
    • 0028580071 scopus 로고
    • Sunlight, vitamin D, and ovarian cancer mortality rates in US women
    • Lefkowitz ES and Garland CF: Sunlight, vitamin D, and ovarian cancer mortality rates in US women. Int J Epidemiol 23: 1133-1136, 1994.
    • (1994) Int J Epidemiol , vol.23 , pp. 1133-1136
    • Lefkowitz, E.S.1    Garland, C.F.2
  • 6
    • 0025187312 scopus 로고
    • Is vitamin D deficiency a risk factor for prostate cancer? (Hypothesis)
    • Schwartz GG and Hulka BS: Is vitamin D deficiency a risk factor for prostate cancer? (Hypothesis). Anticancer Res 10: 1307-1311, 1990.
    • (1990) Anticancer Res , vol.10 , pp. 1307-1311
    • Schwartz, G.G.1    Hulka, B.S.2
  • 8
    • 0037086547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An estimate of premature cancer mortality in the U.S. due to inadequate doses of solar ultraviolet-B radiation
    • Grant WB: An estimate of premature cancer mortality in the U.S. due to inadequate doses of solar ultraviolet-B radiation. Cancer 94: 1867-1875, 2002.
    • (2002) Cancer , vol.94 , pp. 1867-1875
    • Grant, W.B.1
  • 9
    • 0036226287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sunlight and mortality from breast, ovarian, colon, prostate, and non-melanoma skin cancer: A composite death certificate based case-control study
    • Freedman DM, Dosemeci M and McGlynn K: Sunlight and mortality from breast, ovarian, colon, prostate, and non-melanoma skin cancer: a composite death certificate based case-control study. Occup Environ Med 59: 257-262, 2002.
    • (2002) Occup Environ Med , vol.59 , pp. 257-262
    • Freedman, D.M.1    Dosemeci, M.2    McGlynn, K.3
  • 10
  • 11
    • 33644815537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association of solar ultraviolet B (UVB) with reducing risk of cancer: Multifactorial ecologic analysis of geographic variation in age-adjusted cancer mortality rates
    • Grant WB and Garland CF: The association of solar ultraviolet B (UVB) with reducing risk of cancer: multifactorial ecologic analysis of geographic variation in age-adjusted cancer mortality rates. Anticancer Res 26: 2687-2699, 2006.
    • (2006) Anticancer Res , vol.26 , pp. 2687-2699
    • Grant, W.B.1    Garland, C.F.2
  • 12
    • 33845204374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solar ultraviolet-B exposure and cancer incidence and mortality in the United States, 1993-2000
    • Boscoe FP and Schymura MJ: Solar ultraviolet-B exposure and cancer incidence and mortality in the United States, 1993-2000. BMC Cancer 6: 264, 2006.
    • (2006) BMC Cancer , vol.6 , pp. 264
    • Boscoe, F.P.1    Schymura, M.J.2
  • 13
    • 0036213382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D and vitamin D analogs in cancer treatment
    • van den Bemd GJ and Chang GT: Vitamin D and vitamin D analogs in cancer treatment. Curr Drug Targets 3: 85-94, 2002.
    • (2002) Curr Drug Targets , vol.3 , pp. 85-94
    • van den Bemd, G.J.1    Chang, G.T.2
  • 15
    • 0041383927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemoprevention of colon cancer by calcium, vitamin D and folate: Molecular mechanisms
    • Lamprecht SA and Lipkin M: Chemoprevention of colon cancer by calcium, vitamin D and folate: molecular mechanisms. Nat Rev Cancer 3: 601-614, 2003.
    • (2003) Nat Rev Cancer , vol.3 , pp. 601-614
    • Lamprecht, S.A.1    Lipkin, M.2
  • 16
    • 0016683880 scopus 로고
    • Environmental factors and cancer incidence and mortality in different countries, with special reference to dietary practices
    • Armstrong B and Doll R: Environmental factors and cancer incidence and mortality in different countries, with special reference to dietary practices. Int J Cancer 15: 617-631, 1975.
    • (1975) Int J Cancer , vol.15 , pp. 617-631
    • Armstrong, B.1    Doll, R.2
  • 17
    • 0036142208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An ecologic study of dietary and solar ultraviolet-B links to breast carcinoma mortality rates
    • Grant WB: An ecologic study of dietary and solar ultraviolet-B links to breast carcinoma mortality rates. Cancer 94: 272-281, 2002.
    • (2002) Cancer , vol.94 , pp. 272-281
    • Grant, W.B.1
  • 18
    • 0642367252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecologic studies of solar UV-B radiation and cancer mortality rates
    • Grant WB: Ecologic studies of solar UV-B radiation and cancer mortality rates. Recent Results Cancer Res 164: 371-377, 2003.
    • (2003) Recent Results Cancer Res , vol.164 , pp. 371-377
    • Grant, W.B.1
  • 19
    • 1242292956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multicountry ecologic study of risk and risk reduction factors for prostate cancer mortality
    • Grant WB: A multicountry ecologic study of risk and risk reduction factors for prostate cancer mortality. Eur Urol 45: 271-279, 2004.
    • (2004) Eur Urol , vol.45 , pp. 271-279
    • Grant, W.B.1
  • 20
    • 33646179549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International comparisons of prostate cancer mortality rates with dietary practices and sunlight levels
    • Colli JL and Colli A: International comparisons of prostate cancer mortality rates with dietary practices and sunlight levels. Urol Oncol 24: 184-194, 2006.
    • (2006) Urol Oncol , vol.24 , pp. 184-194
    • Colli, J.L.1    Colli, A.2
  • 21
    • 33750621870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are low ultraviolet B and high animal protein intake associated with risk of renal cancer?
    • Mohr SB, Gorham ED, Garland CF, Grant WB and Garland FC: Are low ultraviolet B and high animal protein intake associated with risk of renal cancer? Int J Cancer 119: 2705-2709, 2006.
    • (2006) Int J Cancer , vol.119 , pp. 2705-2709
    • Mohr, S.B.1    Gorham, E.D.2    Garland, C.F.3    Grant, W.B.4    Garland, F.C.5
  • 22
    • 0003182053 scopus 로고
    • Plan and Operation of the Third National Health and Nutrition Survey, 1988-1994. National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, MD
    • National Center for Health Statistics
    • National Center for Health Statistics: Plan and Operation of the Third National Health and Nutrition Survey, 1988-1994. National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, MD. Vital Health Stat 32: 1-407, 1994.
    • (1994) Vital Health Stat , vol.32 , pp. 1-407
  • 23
    • 0035022390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of iron in estrogen-induced cancer
    • Liehr JG and Jones JS: Role of iron in estrogen-induced cancer. Curr Med Chem 8: 839-849, 2001.
    • (2001) Curr Med Chem , vol.8 , pp. 839-849
    • Liehr, J.G.1    Jones, J.S.2
  • 24
    • 0345708218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iron overload and its association with cancer risk in humans: Evidence for iron as a carcinogenic metal
    • Huang X: Iron overload and its association with cancer risk in humans: evidence for iron as a carcinogenic metal. Mutat Res 533: 153-171, 2003.
    • (2003) Mutat Res , vol.533 , pp. 153-171
    • Huang, X.1
  • 25
    • 7944222171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zinc deficiency, DNA damage and cancer risk
    • Ho E: Zinc deficiency, DNA damage and cancer risk. J Nutr Biochem 15: 572-578, 2004.
    • (2004) J Nutr Biochem , vol.15 , pp. 572-578
    • Ho, E.1
  • 26
    • 33750901634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zinc coordination environments in proteins as redox sensors and signal transducers
    • Maret W: Zinc coordination environments in proteins as redox sensors and signal transducers. Antioxid Redox Signal 8: 1419-1441, 2006.
    • (2006) Antioxid Redox Signal , vol.8 , pp. 1419-1441
    • Maret, W.1
  • 27
    • 0035906343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA damage from micronutrient deficiencies is likely to be a major cause of cancer
    • Ames BN: DNA damage from micronutrient deficiencies is likely to be a major cause of cancer. Mutat Res 475: 7-20, 2001.
    • (2001) Mutat Res , vol.475 , pp. 7-20
    • Ames, B.N.1
  • 28
    • 33845889501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trace elements and cancer risk: A review of the epidemiologic evidence
    • Navarro Silvera SA and Rohan TE: Trace elements and cancer risk: a review of the epidemiologic evidence. Cancer Causes Control 18: 7-27, 2007.
    • (2007) Cancer Causes Control , vol.18 , pp. 7-27
    • Navarro Silvera, S.A.1    Rohan, T.E.2
  • 31
    • 0345490958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raw and cooked vegetables, fruits, selected micronutrients, and breast cancer risk: A case-control study in Germany
    • Adzersen KH, Jess P, Freivogel KW, Gerhard I and Bastert G: Raw and cooked vegetables, fruits, selected micronutrients, and breast cancer risk: a case-control study in Germany. Nutr Cancer 46: 131-137, 2003.
    • (2003) Nutr Cancer , vol.46 , pp. 131-137
    • Adzersen, K.H.1    Jess, P.2    Freivogel, K.W.3    Gerhard, I.4    Bastert, G.5
  • 35
    • 27644502838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction among heme iron, zinc, and supplemental vitamin C intake on the risk of lung cancer: Iowa Women's Health Study
    • Lee DH and Jacobs DR Jr: Interaction among heme iron, zinc, and supplemental vitamin C intake on the risk of lung cancer: Iowa Women's Health Study. Nutr Cancer 52: 130-137, 2005.
    • (2005) Nutr Cancer , vol.52 , pp. 130-137
    • Lee, D.H.1    Jacobs Jr, D.R.2
  • 39
    • 0028280938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kirkpatrick CS, White E and Lee JA: Case-control study of malignant melanoma in Washington State. II. Diet, alcohol, and obesity. Am J Epidemiol 139: 869-880, 1994.
    • Kirkpatrick CS, White E and Lee JA: Case-control study of malignant melanoma in Washington State. II. Diet, alcohol, and obesity. Am J Epidemiol 139: 869-880, 1994.
  • 41
    • 33745589304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetables, fruit, and antioxidant-related nutrients and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A National Cancer Institute-Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results population-based case-control study
    • Kelemen LE, Cerhan JR, Lim U, Davis S, Cozen W, Schenk M, Colt J, Hartge P and Ward MH: Vegetables, fruit, and antioxidant-related nutrients and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a National Cancer Institute-Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results population-based case-control study. Am J Clin Nutr 83: 1401-1410, 2006.
    • (2006) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.83 , pp. 1401-1410
    • Kelemen, L.E.1    Cerhan, J.R.2    Lim, U.3    Davis, S.4    Cozen, W.5    Schenk, M.6    Colt, J.7    Hartge, P.8    Ward, M.H.9
  • 43
    • 4444264626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamins and Lifestyle (VITAL) Study Cohort: Supplement use among cancer survivors in the Vitamins and Lifestyle (VITAL) study cohort
    • Greenlee H, White E, Patterson RE and Kristal AR; Vitamins and Lifestyle (VITAL) Study Cohort: Supplement use among cancer survivors in the Vitamins and Lifestyle (VITAL) study cohort. J Altern Complement Med 10: 660-666, 2004.
    • (2004) J Altern Complement Med , vol.10 , pp. 660-666
    • Greenlee, H.1    White, E.2    Patterson, R.E.3    Kristal, A.R.4
  • 48
    • 0033820522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selected micronutrients and colorectal cancer, a case-control study from the canton of Vaud, Switzerland
    • Levi F, Pasche C, Lucchini F and La Vecchia C: Selected micronutrients and colorectal cancer, a case-control study from the canton of Vaud, Switzerland. Eur J Cancer 36: 2115-2119, 2000.
    • (2000) Eur J Cancer , vol.36 , pp. 2115-2119
    • Levi, F.1    Pasche, C.2    Lucchini, F.3    La Vecchia, C.4
  • 52
    • 4444315616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canadian Cancer Registries Epidemiology Research Group: A case-control study of diet and the risk of ovarian cancer
    • Pan SY, Ugnat AM, Mao Y, Wen SW and Johnson KC; Canadian Cancer Registries Epidemiology Research Group: A case-control study of diet and the risk of ovarian cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 13: 1521-1527, 2004.
    • (2004) Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev , vol.13 , pp. 1521-1527
    • Pan, S.Y.1    Ugnat, A.M.2    Mao, Y.3    Wen, S.W.4    Johnson, K.C.5
  • 53
    • 0030187873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sunlight and skin cancer
    • Leffell DJ and Brash DE: Sunlight and skin cancer. Sci Am 275: 52-53,56-59, 1996.
    • (1996) Sci Am , vol.275 , Issue.52-53 , pp. 56-59
    • Leffell, D.J.1    Brash, D.E.2
  • 54
    • 33644792884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lower vitamin-D production from solar ultraviolet-B irradiance may explain some differences in cancer survival rates
    • Grant WB: Lower vitamin-D production from solar ultraviolet-B irradiance may explain some differences in cancer survival rates. J Natl Med Assoc 98: 357-364, 2006.
    • (2006) J Natl Med Assoc , vol.98 , pp. 357-364
    • Grant, W.B.1
  • 55
    • 1842580565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lung cancer rates as an index of tobacco smoke exposures: Validation against black male approximate non-lung cancer death rates, 1969-2000
    • Leistikow B: Lung cancer rates as an index of tobacco smoke exposures: validation against black male approximate non-lung cancer death rates, 1969-2000. Prev Med 38: 511-515, 2004.
    • (2004) Prev Med , vol.38 , pp. 511-515
    • Leistikow, B.1
  • 56
    • 45949107608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lakins NS, Williams GD, Li HY and Smothers BA: Surveillance Report #66: Apparent Per Capita Alcohol Consumption: National, State, and Regional Trends, 1977-2002. Washington, DC: NIAAA, 2004. Available online at http://pubs.niaaa. nih.gov/ publications/ surveillance66/CONS_02.pdf (accessed October 26, 2005).
    • Lakins NS, Williams GD, Li HY and Smothers BA: Surveillance Report #66: Apparent Per Capita Alcohol Consumption: National, State, and Regional Trends, 1977-2002. Washington, DC: NIAAA, 2004. Available online at http://pubs.niaaa. nih.gov/ publications/ surveillance66/CONS_02.pdf (accessed October 26, 2005).
  • 57
    • 45949106423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gibson C and Jung K: Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States. Population Division. U.S. Census Bureau. Washington, DC 20233. Working Paper Series No. 56, 2002. Available online at http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps005 6.html (accessed June 22, 2007).
    • Gibson C and Jung K: Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States. Population Division. U.S. Census Bureau. Washington, DC 20233. Working Paper Series No. 56, 2002. Available online at http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps005 6.html (accessed June 22, 2007).
  • 58
    • 45949102964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Census Bureau Census Historical Poverty Tables, Available online at, accessed February 21, 2007
    • U.S. Census Bureau Census Historical Poverty Tables. CPH-L-162. Persons by Poverty Status in 1969, 1979, and 1989, by State. Available online at http://www.census.gov/hhes/poverty/ census/cphl162.html (accessed February 21, 2007).
    • CPH-L-162. Persons by Poverty Status in 1969, 1979, and 1989, by State
  • 59
    • 45949083927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urban and Rural Populations: 1900 to 1990. Source: 1990 Census of Population and Housing, 1990 Population and Housing Unit Counts: United States, (CPH-2); and 1980 PC80-1-1. http://www.rensus.gov/population/ censusdata/urpop0090.txt (accessed June 22, 2007).
    • Urban and Rural Populations: 1900 to 1990. Source: 1990 Census of Population and Housing, "1990 Population and Housing Unit Counts: United States", (CPH-2); and 1980 PC80-1-1. http://www.rensus.gov/population/ censusdata/urpop0090.txt (accessed June 22, 2007).
  • 60
    • 0037224647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional variations of blood pressure in the United States are associated with regional variations in dietary intakes: The NHANES-BJ data
    • Hajjar I and Kotchen T: Regional variations of blood pressure in the United States are associated with regional variations in dietary intakes: the NHANES-BJ data. J Nutr 133: 211-214,2003.
    • (2003) J Nutr , vol.133 , pp. 211-214
    • Hajjar, I.1    Kotchen, T.2
  • 62
    • 29344472938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparisons of estimated economic burdens due to insufficient solar ultraviolet irradiance and vitamin D and excess solar UV irradiance for the United States
    • Grant WB, Garland CF and Holick MF: Comparisons of estimated economic burdens due to insufficient solar ultraviolet irradiance and vitamin D and excess solar UV irradiance for the United States. Photochem Photobiol 81: 1276-1286, 2005.
    • (2005) Photochem Photobiol , vol.81 , pp. 1276-1286
    • Grant, W.B.1    Garland, C.F.2    Holick, M.F.3
  • 64
    • 8444234762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco smoking and cancer: A brief review of recent epidemiological evidence
    • Sasco AJ, Secretan MB and Straif K: Tobacco smoking and cancer: a brief review of recent epidemiological evidence. Lung Cancer 45(Suppl 2): S3-S9, 2004.
    • (2004) Lung Cancer , vol.45 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Sasco, A.J.1    Secretan, M.B.2    Straif, K.3
  • 65
    • 33947148663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis of second cancers after a diagnosis of nonmelanoma skin cancer: Additional evidence that solar ultraviolet-B irradiance reduces the risk of internal cancers
    • Grant WB: A meta-analysis of second cancers after a diagnosis of nonmelanoma skin cancer: additional evidence that solar ultraviolet-B irradiance reduces the risk of internal cancers. J Steroid Biochem Mol 103: 668-674, 2007.
    • (2007) J Steroid Biochem Mol , vol.103 , pp. 668-674
    • Grant, W.B.1
  • 66
    • 0035866034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term tobacco smoking and colorectal cancer in a prospective cohort study
    • Terry P, Ekbom A, Lichtenstein P, Feychting M and Wolk A: Long-term tobacco smoking and colorectal cancer in a prospective cohort study. Int J Cancer 91: 585-587, 2001.
    • (2001) Int J Cancer , vol.91 , pp. 585-587
    • Terry, P.1    Ekbom, A.2    Lichtenstein, P.3    Feychting, M.4    Wolk, A.5
  • 67
    • 32244447933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of Cancer Prevention Strategies in Japan: Tobacco smoking and colorectal cancer risk: an evaluation based on a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence among the Japanese population
    • and Research Group for the Development
    • Mizoue T, Inoue M, Tanaka K, Tsuji I, Wakai K, Nagata C, Tsugane S and Research Group for the Development, Evaluation of Cancer Prevention Strategies in Japan: Tobacco smoking and colorectal cancer risk: an evaluation based on a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence among the Japanese population. Jpn J Clin Oncol 36: 25-39, 2006.
    • (2006) Jpn J Clin Oncol , vol.36 , pp. 25-39
    • Mizoue, T.1    Inoue, M.2    Tanaka, K.3    Tsuji, I.4    Wakai, K.5    Nagata, C.6    Tsugane, S.7
  • 70
    • 30444434385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lung cancer risks in relation to vegetable and fruit consumption and smoking
    • Rylander R and Axelsson G: Lung cancer risks in relation to vegetable and fruit consumption and smoking. Int J Cancer 118: 739-743, 2006.
    • (2006) Int J Cancer , vol.118 , pp. 739-743
    • Rylander, R.1    Axelsson, G.2
  • 72
    • 23144448354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA adducts from acetaldehyde: Implications for alcohol-related carcinogenesis
    • Brooks PJ and Theruvathu JA: DNA adducts from acetaldehyde: implications for alcohol-related carcinogenesis. Alcohol 35: 187-193, 2005.
    • (2005) Alcohol , vol.35 , pp. 187-193
    • Brooks, P.J.1    Theruvathu, J.A.2
  • 73
    • 23144467046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The etiology of alcohol-induced breast cancer
    • Dumitrescu RG and Shields PG: The etiology of alcohol-induced breast cancer. Alcohol 35: 213-225, 2005.
    • (2005) Alcohol , vol.35 , pp. 213-225
    • Dumitrescu, R.G.1    Shields, P.G.2
  • 75
    • 3042809910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between smoking, beverage consumption, diet and bladder cancer: A systematic literature review
    • Zeegers MP, Kellen E, Buntinx F and van den Brandt PA: The association between smoking, beverage consumption, diet and bladder cancer: a systematic literature review. World J Urol 21: 392-401, 2004.
    • (2004) World J Urol , vol.21 , pp. 392-401
    • Zeegers, M.P.1    Kellen, E.2    Buntinx, F.3    van den Brandt, P.A.4
  • 76
    • 0025777904 scopus 로고
    • Urban and rural factors in the aetiology of cancer
    • Doll R: Urban and rural factors in the aetiology of cancer. Int J Cancer 47: 803-810, 1991.
    • (1991) Int J Cancer , vol.47 , pp. 803-810
    • Doll, R.1
  • 80
    • 0038637789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bingham SA, Day NE, Luben R, Ferrari P, Slimani N, Norat T, Clavel-Chapelon F, Kesse E, Nieters A, Boeing H, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Martinez C, Dorronsoro M, Gonzalez CA, Key TJ, Trichopoulou A, Naska A, Vineis P, Tumino R, Krogh V, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PH, Berglund G, Hallmans G, Lund E, Skeie G, Kaaks R, Riboli E and European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition: Dietary fibre in food and protection against colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): an observational study. Lancet 361: 1496-1501, 2003.
    • Bingham SA, Day NE, Luben R, Ferrari P, Slimani N, Norat T, Clavel-Chapelon F, Kesse E, Nieters A, Boeing H, Tjønneland A, Overvad K, Martinez C, Dorronsoro M, Gonzalez CA, Key TJ, Trichopoulou A, Naska A, Vineis P, Tumino R, Krogh V, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Peeters PH, Berglund G, Hallmans G, Lund E, Skeie G, Kaaks R, Riboli E and European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition: Dietary fibre in food and protection against colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): an observational study. Lancet 361: 1496-1501, 2003.
  • 81
    • 45949102309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selinus O, Alloway B, Centeno JA, Finkelman RB, Fuge R, Lindh U and Smedley P eds, Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego, CA. p
    • Selinus O, Alloway B, Centeno JA, Finkelman RB, Fuge R, Lindh U and Smedley P (eds.): Essentials of Medical Geology. Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego, CA. p. 168, 2004.
    • (2004) Essentials of Medical Geology , pp. 168
  • 82
    • 2642694702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whole-grain intake and cancer: An expanded review and meta-analysis
    • Jacobs DR Jr, Marquart L, Slavin J and Kushi LH: Whole-grain intake and cancer: an expanded review and meta-analysis. Nutr Cancer 30: 85-96, 1998.
    • (1998) Nutr Cancer , vol.30 , pp. 85-96
    • Jacobs Jr, D.R.1    Marquart, L.2    Slavin, J.3    Kushi, L.H.4
  • 85
    • 0038814320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why whole grains are protective: Biological mechanisms
    • Slavin J: Why whole grains are protective: biological mechanisms. Proc Nutr Soc 62: 129-134, 2003.
    • (2003) Proc Nutr Soc , vol.62 , pp. 129-134
    • Slavin, J.1
  • 86
    • 33644777980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peanut consumption and reduced risk of colorectal cancer in women: A prospective study in Taiwan
    • Yeh CC, You SL, Chen CJ and Sung FC: Peanut consumption and reduced risk of colorectal cancer in women: a prospective study in Taiwan. World J Gastroenterol 12: 222-227, 2006.
    • (2006) World J Gastroenterol , vol.12 , pp. 222-227
    • Yeh, C.C.1    You, S.L.2    Chen, C.J.3    Sung, F.C.4
  • 89
    • 37149019729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The potential of nuts in the prevention of cancer
    • Gonzalez CA and Salas-Salvado J: The potential of nuts in the prevention of cancer. Br J Nutr 96: S87-S94, 2006.
    • (2006) Br J Nutr , vol.96
    • Gonzalez, C.A.1    Salas-Salvado, J.2
  • 91
    • 8844242490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrition and cancer: A review of the evidence for an anti-cancer diet
    • Donaldson MS: Nutrition and cancer: a review of the evidence for an anti-cancer diet. Nutr J 3: 19, 2004.
    • (2004) Nutr J , vol.3 , pp. 19
    • Donaldson, M.S.1
  • 92
    • 33646848610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
    • Gonzalez CA: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Public Health Nutr 9: 124-126, 2006.
    • (2006) Public Health Nutr , vol.9 , pp. 124-126
    • Gonzalez, C.A.1
  • 94
    • 33750617498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meat consumption and risk of colorectal cancer: A meta-analysis of prospective studies
    • Larsson SC and Wolk A: Meat consumption and risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Int J Cancer 119: 2657-2664, 2006.
    • (2006) Int J Cancer , vol.119 , pp. 2657-2664
    • Larsson, S.C.1    Wolk, A.2
  • 95
    • 33748349879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A vegetable to meat consumption ratio as a relevant factor determining cancer preventive diet. The Mediterranean versus other European countries
    • Kapiszewska M: A vegetable to meat consumption ratio as a relevant factor determining cancer preventive diet. The Mediterranean versus other European countries. Forum Nutr 59: 130-153, 2006.
    • (2006) Forum Nutr , vol.59 , pp. 130-153
    • Kapiszewska, M.1
  • 101
    • 0346095555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From 1989 to 2001: What have we learned about the "biological actions of beta-carotene"?
    • Bendich A: From 1989 to 2001: what have we learned about the "biological actions of beta-carotene"? J Nutr 134: 225S-230S, 2004.
    • (2004) J Nutr , vol.134
    • Bendich, A.1
  • 102
    • 33750300587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tomatoes, tomato products and lycopene in the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer: Do we have the evidence from intervention studies?
    • Ellinger S, Ellinger J and Stehle P: Tomatoes, tomato products and lycopene in the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer: do we have the evidence from intervention studies? Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 9: 722-727, 2006.
    • (2006) Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care , vol.9 , pp. 722-727
    • Ellinger, S.1    Ellinger, J.2    Stehle, P.3
  • 103
    • 0037066812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Annual smoking-attributable mortality, years of potential life lost, and economic costs - United States, 1995-1999
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Annual smoking-attributable mortality, years of potential life lost, and economic costs - United States, 1995-1999. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 51: 300-303, 2002.
    • (2002) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.51 , pp. 300-303
  • 104
    • 45949109624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO, WHO Mortality Database, http://www-dep.iarc.fr/ (accessed June 22, 2007).
    • WHO, WHO Mortality Database, http://www-dep.iarc.fr/ (accessed June 22, 2007).
  • 105
    • 0029160549 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variation in vitamin D, vitamin D-binding protein, and dehydroepiandrosterone: Risk of prostate cancer in black and white men
    • Corder EH, Friedman GD, Vogelman JH and Orentreich N: Seasonal variation in vitamin D, vitamin D-binding protein, and dehydroepiandrosterone: risk of prostate cancer in black and white men. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 4: 655-659, 1995.
    • (1995) Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev , vol.4 , pp. 655-659
    • Corder, E.H.1    Friedman, G.D.2    Vogelman, J.H.3    Orentreich, N.4
  • 106
    • 0031836162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal changes in plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations of young American black and white women
    • Harris SS and Dawson-Hughes B: Seasonal changes in plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations of young American black and white women. Am J Clin Nutr 67: 1232-1236, 1998.
    • (1998) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.67 , pp. 1232-1236
    • Harris, S.S.1    Dawson-Hughes, B.2
  • 107
    • 0023741187 scopus 로고
    • Influence of season and latitude on the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D3: Exposure to winter sunlight in Boston and Edmonton will not promote vitamin D3 synthesis in human skin
    • Webb AR, Kline L and Holick MF: Influence of season and latitude on the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D3: exposure to winter sunlight in Boston and Edmonton will not promote vitamin D3 synthesis in human skin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 67: 373-378, 1988.
    • (1988) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.67 , pp. 373-378
    • Webb, A.R.1    Kline, L.2    Holick, M.F.3
  • 108
    • 33750204158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and bone mineral density in men: The Rancho Bernardo study
    • Saquib N, von Muhlen D, Garland CF and Barrett-Connor E: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and bone mineral density in men: the Rancho Bernardo study. Osteoporos Int 17: 1734-1741, 2006.
    • (2006) Osteoporos Int , vol.17 , pp. 1734-1741
    • Saquib, N.1    von Muhlen, D.2    Garland, C.F.3    Barrett-Connor, E.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.