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Volumn 19, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 385-391

Defensins in the immunology of bacterial infections

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DEFENSIN;

EID: 34548039239     PISSN: 09527915     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2007.06.008     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (116)

References (72)
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    • Human beta-defensin 2 induces a vigorous cytokine response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells
    • This paper provides a detailed set of data showing the cytokine synthesis response of PBMC after exposure to hBD-1, -2 and -3. It also delineates differences in the cytokine expression patterns induced by these three defensins. These are interesting findings that may also contribute to explain the diversity of the defensins gene pool within humans and mice.
    • Boniotto M., Jordan W.J., Eskdale J., Tossi A., Antcheva N., Crovella S., Connell N.D., and Gallagher G. Human beta-defensin 2 induces a vigorous cytokine response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 50 (2006) 1433-1441. This paper provides a detailed set of data showing the cytokine synthesis response of PBMC after exposure to hBD-1, -2 and -3. It also delineates differences in the cytokine expression patterns induced by these three defensins. These are interesting findings that may also contribute to explain the diversity of the defensins gene pool within humans and mice.
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    • Peptide antibiotic human beta-defensin-1 and -2 contribute to antimicrobial defense of the intrahepatic biliary tree
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    • Reduced Paneth cell alpha-defensins in ileal Crohn's disease
    • A clear association between Crohn's disease of the ileum and a specific decrease of defensins synthesis had not been previously demonstrated. Here, the levels of HD-5 and HD-6 in intestinal specimens from diseased human subjects were analyzed and found to be lower than in non-diseased controls. The reduction on HD-5 and HD-6 was further exacerbated in some specimens also harboring mutations in the NOD2 gene. So far the clearest indication of defensins alteration in Crohn's. Also documents some fundamental differences between Crohn's disease of the ileum and the colon (see also annotation to Ref. [41]).
    • Wehkamp J., Salzman N.H., Porter E., Nuding S., Weichenthal M., Petras R.E., Shen B., Schaeffeler E., Schwab M., Linzmeier R., et al. Reduced Paneth cell alpha-defensins in ileal Crohn's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102 (2005) 18129-18134. A clear association between Crohn's disease of the ileum and a specific decrease of defensins synthesis had not been previously demonstrated. Here, the levels of HD-5 and HD-6 in intestinal specimens from diseased human subjects were analyzed and found to be lower than in non-diseased controls. The reduction on HD-5 and HD-6 was further exacerbated in some specimens also harboring mutations in the NOD2 gene. So far the clearest indication of defensins alteration in Crohn's. Also documents some fundamental differences between Crohn's disease of the ileum and the colon (see also annotation to Ref. [41]).
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    • A chromosome 8 gene-cluster polymorphism with low human beta-defensin 2 gene copy number predisposes to Crohn disease of the colon
    • A genetic explanation to the hBD-2 deficiency observed in colonic Crohn's disease.
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    • The host defense peptide beta-defensin 1 confers protection against Bordetella pertussis in newborn piglets
    • Elahi S., Buchanan R.M., Attah-Poku S., Townsend H.G., Babiuk L.A., and Gerdts V. The host defense peptide beta-defensin 1 confers protection against Bordetella pertussis in newborn piglets. Infect Immun 74 (2006) 2338-2352
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    • Protection against Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia and sepsis-induced lung injury by overexpression of beta-defensin-2 in rats
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    • Protection against enteric salmonellosis in transgenic mice expressing a human intestinal defensin
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    • Human alpha-defensins neutralize anthrax lethal toxin and protect against its fatal consequences
    • ••]), a novel biological function of α- and θ-defensins is characterized. These defensins showed efficient inhibition of the enzymatic activity of two different types of bacterial toxins, and by virtue of it, protection from the toxins lethal effects, in vitro and in vivo. Breakthrough papers that expand the known antimicrobial repertoire of defensins.
    • ••]), a novel biological function of α- and θ-defensins is characterized. These defensins showed efficient inhibition of the enzymatic activity of two different types of bacterial toxins, and by virtue of it, protection from the toxins lethal effects, in vitro and in vivo. Breakthrough papers that expand the known antimicrobial repertoire of defensins.
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