Genes, diet and inflammatory bowel disease

Mutation Research - Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis

Volumn 622, Issue 1-2, 2007, Pages 70-83

  Ferguson, Lynnette R ^a,c   Shelling, Andrew N ^a,c   Browning, Brian L ^a,b,c   Huebner, Claudia ^a,c   Petermann, Ivonne ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND   (New Zealand)

^b UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND   (New Zealand)

^c Nutrigenomics New Zealand   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Copy number variants; Elemental diet; Gene; Inflammatory bowel disease; Microbial flora; Single nucleotide polymorphism

Indexed keywords

ABC TRANSPORTER A1; CASPASE; CYTOKINE; DEFENSIN; INTERLEUKIN 12; INTERLEUKIN 23; INTERLEUKIN 23 RECEPTOR; INTERLEUKIN RECEPTOR; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; POLYPHENOL; PROBIOTIC AGENT; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 4; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 9; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ARTICLE; CARD15 GENE; DIET; ENTERITIS; GENE; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM; HERBAL MEDICINE; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; INTESTINE FLORA; NONHUMAN; NUTRIGENOMICS; NUTRITION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM;

DIET; GENES; HUMANS; INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES;

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS);

EID: 34547700318     PISSN: 00275107     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2007.05.011     Document Type: Article

References (119)

1. Jess T., Riis L., Jespersgaard C., Hougs L., Andersen P.S., Orholm M.K., Binder V., and Munkholm P. Disease concordance, zygosity, and NOD2/CARD15 status: follow-up of a population-based cohort of Danish twins with inflammatory bowel disease. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 100 (2005) 2486-2492
2. Halfvarson J., Bresso F., D'Amato M., Jarnerot G., Pettersson S., and Tysk C. CARD15/NOD2 polymorphisms do not explain concordance of Crohn's disease in Swedish monozygotic twins. Dig. Liver Dis. 37 (2005) 768-772
3. Kooloos W.M., de Jong D.J., Huizinga T.W., and Guchelaar H.J. Potential role of pharmacogenetics in anti-TNF treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease. Drug Discov. Today 12 (2007) 125-131
4. Priest V.L., Begg E.J., Gardiner S.J., Frampton C.M., Gearry R.B., Barclay M.L., Clark D.W., and Hansen P. Pharmacoeconomic analyses of azathioprine, methotrexate and prospective pharmacogenetic testing for the management of inflammatory bowel disease. Pharmacoeconomics 24 (2006) 767-781
5. Cucchiara S., Latiano A., Palmieri O., Canani R.B., D'Inca R., Guariso G., Vieni G., De Venuto D., Riegler G., De'Angelis G.L., Guagnozzi D., Bascietto C., Miele E., Valvano M.R., Bossa F., and Annese V. Polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factoralpha but not MDR1 influence response to medical therapy in pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease. J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 44 (2007) 171-179
6. Leiper K., Woolner J., Mullan M.M., Parker T., van der Vliet M., Fear S., Rhodes J.M., and Hunter J.O. A randomised controlled trial of high versus low long chain triglyceride whole protein feed in active Crohn's disease. Gut 49 (2001) 790-794
7. Hunter J.O. Nutritional factors in inflammatory bowel disease. Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 10 (1998) 235-237
8. Riordan A.M., Hunter J.O., Cowan R.E., Crampton J.R., Davidson A.R., Dickinson R.J., Dronfield M.W., Fellows I.W., Hishon S., Kerrigan G.N., et al. Treatment of active Crohn's disease by exclusion diet: East Anglian multicentre controlled trial. Lancet 342 (1993) 1131-1134
9. Riordan A.M., Rucker J.T., Kirby G.A., and Hunter J.O. Food intolerance and Crohn's disease. Gut 35 (1994) 571-572
10. Riordan A.M., Ruxton C.H., and Hunter J.O. A review of associations between Crohn's disease and consumption of sugars. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 52 (1998) 229-238
11. King T.S., Woolner J.T., and Hunter J.O. Dietary treatment of active Crohn's disease. Diet is the best treatment. BMJ 314 (1997) 1827-1828
12. King T.S., Woolner J.T., and Hunter J.O. Review article: the dietary management of Crohn's disease. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 11 (1997) 17-31
13. Jones V.A., Dickinson R.J., Workman E., Wilson A.J., Freeman A.H., and Hunter J.O. Crohn's disease: maintenance of remission by diet. Lancet 2 (1985) 177-180
14. Jess T., Riis L., Vind I., Winther K.V., Borg S., Binder V., Langholz E., Thomsen O.O., and Munkholm P. Changes in clinical characteristics, course, and prognosis of inflammatory bowel disease during the last 5 decades: a population-based study from Copenhagen, Denmark. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 13 (2007) 481-489
15. Gearry R.B., Richardson A., Frampton C.M., Collett J.A., Burt M.J., Chapman B.A., and Barclay M.L. High incidence of Crohn's disease in Canterbury, New Zealand: results of an epidemiologic study. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 12 (2006) 936-943
16. Gearry R.B., Lea R.A., Roberts R.L., Chambers G.K., Barclay M.L., and Kennedy M.A. CARD15 allele frequency differences in New Zealand Maori: ancestry specific susceptibility to Crohn's disease in New Zealand?. Gut 55 (2006) 580
17. Silverberg M.S., Satsangi J., Ahmad T., Arnott I.D., Bernstein C.N., Brant S.R., Caprilli R., Colombel J.F., Gasche C., Geboes K., Jewell D.P., Karban A., Loftus Jr. E.V., Pena A.S., Riddell R.H., Sachar D.B., Schreiber S., Steinhart A.H., Targan S.R., Vermeire S., and Warren B.F. Toward an integrated clinical, molecular and serological classification of inflammatory bowel disease: report of a Working Party of the 2005 Montreal World Congress of Gastroenterology. Can. J. Gastroenterol. 19 Suppl. A (2005) 5-36
18. McFadden J.J., Butcher P.D., Chiodini R.J., and Hermon-Taylor J. Determination of genome size and DNA homology between an unclassified Mycobacterium species isolated from patients with Crohn's disease and other mycobacteria. J. Gen. Microbiol. 133 (1987) 211-214
19. Oldenburg H.S., Siroen M.P., Boelens P.G., Sluijter B.J., Pruitt J.H., Naseri A.H., Rauwerda J.A., Meijer S., Cuesta M.A., van Leeuwen P.A., and Moldawer L.L. Aortic aneurysm repair is associated with a lower inflammatory response compared with surgery for inflammatory bowel disease. Eur. Surg. Res. 36 (2004) 266-273
20. Bull S.B., Mirea L., Briollais L., and Logan A.G. Heterogeneity in IBD allele sharing among covariate-defined subgroups: issues and findings for affected relatives. Hum. Hered. 56 (2003) 94-106
21. Buhner S., Buning C., Genschel J., Kling K., Hermann D., Dignass A., Kuechler I., Krueger S., Schmidt H.H., and Lochs H. Genetic basis for increased intestinal permeability in families with Crohn's disease: role of CARD15 3020insC mutation?. Gut (2005)
22. Ogura Y., Bonen D.K., Inohara N., Nicolae D.L., Chen F.F., Ramos R., Britton H., Moran T., Karaliuskas R., Duerr R.H., Achkar J.P., Brant S.R., Bayless T.M., Kirschner B.S., Hanauer S.B., Nunez G., and Cho J.H. A frameshift mutation in NOD2 associated with susceptibility to Crohn's disease. Nature 411 (2001) 603-606
23. Duerr R.H., Taylor K.D., Brant S.R., Rioux J.D., Silverberg M.S., Daly M.J., Steinhart A.H., Abraham C., Regueiro M., Griffiths A., Dassopoulos T., Bitton A., Yang H., Targan S., Datta L.W., Kistner E.O., Schumm L.P., Lee A., Gregersen P.K., Barmada M.M., Rotter J.I., Nicolae D.L., and Cho J.H. A genome-wide association study identifies IL23R as an inflammatory bowel disease gene. Science (2006)
24. Rioux J.D., Ramnik J.X., Taylor K.D., Silverberg M.S., Goyette P., Huett A., Green T., Kuballa P., Barmada M.M., Datta L.W., Shugart Y.Y., Griffiths A.M., Targan S.R., Ippoliti A.F., Bernard E.J., Mei L., Nicolae D.L., Regueiro M., Schumm L.P., Steinhart A.H., Rotter J.I., Duerr R.H., Cho J.H., Daly M.J., and Brant S.R. Genome-wide association sudy identifies new susceptibility loci for Crohn disease and implicates autophagy in disease pathogenesis. Nat. Genet. (2007)
25. Libioulle C., Louis E., Hansoul S., Sandor C., Farnir F., Franchimont D., Vermeire S., Dewit O., De Vos M., Dixon A., Demarche B., Gut I., Heath S., Foglio M., Liang L., Laukens D., Mni M., Zelenika D., Van Gossum A., Rutgeerts P., Belaiche J., Lathrop M., and Georges M. Novel Crohn disease locus identified by genome-wide association maps to a gene desert on 5p13.1 and modulates expression of PTGER4. PLoS Genet. 3 (2007) e58
26. Hampe J., Franke A., Rosenstiel P., Till A., Teuber M., Huse K., Albrecht M., Mayr G., De La Vega F.M., Briggs J., Gunther S., Prescott N.J., Onnie C.M., Hasler R., Sipos B., Folsch U.R., Lengauer T., Platzer M., Mathew C.G., Krawczak M., and Schreiber S. A genome-wide association scan of nonsynonymous SNPs identifies a susceptibility variant for Crohn disease in ATG16L1. Nat. Genet. 39 (2007) 207-211
27. Mathew C.G., and Lewis C.M. Genetics of inflammatory bowel disease: progress and prospects. Hum. Mol. Genet. 13 Spec No. 1 (2004) R161-R168
28. Schreiber S., Rosenstiel P., Albrecht M., Hampe J., and Krawczak M. Genetics of Crohn disease, an archetypal inflammatory barrier disease. Nat. Rev. Genet. 6 (2005) 376-388
29. de Jong D.J., van der Logt E.M., van Schaik A., Roelofs H.M., Peters W.H., and Naber T.H. Genetic polymorphisms in biotransformation enzymes in Crohn's disease: association with microsomal epoxide hydrolase. Gut 52 (2003) 547-551
30. Cuthbert A.P., Fisher S.A., Lewis C.M., Mathew C.G., Sanderson J., and Forbes A. Genetic association between EPHX1 and Crohn's disease: population stratification, genotyping error, or random chance?. Gut 53 (2004) 1386
31. Peters W.H., van der Logt E.M., Te Morsche R.H., Roelofs H.M., de Jong D.J., and Naber T.H. No genetic association between EPHX1 and Crohn's disease. Gut 54 (2005) 1659-1660
32. Gaya D.R., Russell R.K., Nimmo E.R., and Satsangi J. New genes in inflammatory bowel disease: lessons for complex diseases?. Lancet 367 (2006) 1271-1284
33. Siminovitch K.A. Advances in the molecular dissection of inflammatory bowel disease. Semin. Immunol. 18 (2006) 244-253
34. Hugot J.P., Laurent-Puig P., Gower-Rousseau C., Olson J.M., Lee J.C., Beaugerie L., Naom I., Dupas J.L., Van Gossum A., Orholm M., Bonaiti-Pellie C., Weissenbach J., Mathew C.G., Lennard-Jones J.E., Cortot A., Colombel J.F., and Thomas G. Mapping of a susceptibility locus for Crohn's disease on chromosome 16. Nature 379 (1996) 821-823
35. Cavanaugh J. International collaboration provides convincing linkage replication in complex disease through analysis of a large pooled data set: Crohn disease and chromosome 16. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 68 (2001) 1165-1171
36. Hugot J.P., Chamaillard M., Zouali H., Lesage S., Cezard J.P., Belaiche J., Almer S., Tysk C., O'Morain C.A., Gassull M., Binder V., Finkel Y., Cortot A., Modigliani R., Laurent-Puig P., Gower-Rousseau C., Macry J., Colombel J.F., Sahbatou M., and Thomas G. Association of NOD2 leucine-rich repeat variants with susceptibility to Crohn's disease. Nature 411 (2001) 599-603
37. Wehkamp J., Harder J., Weichenthal M., Schwab M., Schaffeler E., Schlee M., Herrlinger K.R., Stallmach A., Noack F., Fritz P., Schroder J.M., Bevins C.L., Fellermann K., and Stange E.F. NOD2 (CARD15) mutations in Crohn's disease are associated with diminished mucosal alpha-defensin expression. Gut 53 (2004) 1658-1664
38. Wehkamp J., and Stange E.F. NOD2 mutation and mice: no Crohn's disease but many lessons to learn. Trends Mol. Med. 11 (2005) 307-309
39. Aldred P.M., Hollox E.J., and Armour J.A. Copy number polymorphism and expression level variation of the human alpha-defensin genes DEFA1 and DEFA3. Hum. Mol. Genet. 14 (2005) 2045-2052
40. Fellermann K., Stange D.E., Schaeffeler E., Schmalzl H., Wehkamp J., Bevins C.L., Reinisch W., Teml A., Schwab M., Lichter P., Radlwimmer B., and Stange E.F. A chromosome 8 gene-cluster polymorphism with low human beta-defensin 2 gene copy number predisposes to Crohn disease of the colon. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 79 (2006) 439-448
41. van Heel D.A., Fisher S.A., Kirby A., Daly M.J., Rioux J.D., and Lewis C.M. Inflammatory bowel disease susceptibility loci defined by genome scan meta-analysis of 1952 affected relative pairs. Hum. Mol. Genet. 13 (2004) 763-770
42. Complete sequence and gene map of a human major histocompatibility complex. The MHC sequencing consortium. Nature 401 (1999) 921-923
43. Mallas E.G., Mackintosh P., Asquith P., and Cooke W.T. Histocompatibility antigens in inflammatory bowel disease. Their clinical significance and their association with arthropathy with special reference to HLA-B27 (W27). Gut 17 (1976) 906-910
44. van den Berg-Loonen E.M., Dekker-Saeys B.J., Meuwissen S.G., Nijenhuis L.E., and Engelfriet C.P. Histocompatibility antigens and other genetic markers in ankylosing spondylitis and inflammatory bowel diseases. J. Immunogenet. 4 (1977) 167-175
45. Ahmed F.E. Role of genes, the environment and their interactions in the etiology of inflammatory bowel diseases. Expert Rev. Mol. Diagn. 6 (2006) 345-363
46. Cariappa A., Sands B., Forcione D., Finkelstein D., Podolsky D.K., and Pillai S. Analysis of MHC class II DP, DQ and DR alleles in Crohn's disease. Gut 43 (1998) 210-215
47. Stokkers P.C., Reitsma P.H., Tytgat G.N., and van Deventer S.J. HLA-DR and -DQ phenotypes in inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis. Gut 45 (1999) 395-401
48. Yamamoto-Furusho J.K., Uscanga L.F., Vargas-Alarcon G., Rodriguez-Perez J.M., Zuniga J., and Granados J. Polymorphisms in the promoter region of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and the HLA-DRB1 locus in Mexican mestizo patients with ulcerative colitis. Immunol. Lett. 95 (2004) 31-35
49. Trachtenberg E.A., Yang H., Hayes E., Vinson M., Lin C., Targan S.R., Tyan D., Erlich H., and Rotter J.I. HLA class II haplotype associations with inflammatory bowel disease in Jewish (Ashkenazi) and non-Jewish caucasian populations. Hum. Immunol. 61 (2000) 326-333
50. Silverberg M.S., Mirea L., Bull S.B., Murphy J.E., Steinhart A.H., Greenberg G.R., McLeod R.S., Cohen Z., Wade J.A., and Siminovitch K.A. A population- and family-based study of Canadian families reveals association of HLA DRB1*0103 with colonic involvement in inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 9 (2003) 1-9
51. Sugimura K., Ota M., Matsuzawa J., Katsuyama Y., Ishizuka K., Mochizuki T., Mizuki N., Seki S.S., Honma T., Inoko H., and Asakura H. A close relationship of triplet repeat polymorphism in MHC class I chain-related gene A (MICA) to the disease susceptibility and behavior in ulcerative colitis. Tissue Antigens 57 (2001) 9-14
52. Orchard T.R., Dhar A., Simmons J.D., Vaughan R., Welsh K.I., and Jewell D.P. MHC class I chain-like gene A (MICA) and its associations with inflammatory bowel disease and peripheral arthropathy. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 126 (2001) 437-440
53. Ding Y., Xia B., Lu M., Zhang Y., Li J., Ye M., Luo H., Yu J., Zhang X., and Tan J. MHC class I chain-related gene A-A5.1 allele is associated with ulcerative colitis in Chinese population. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 142 (2005) 193-198
54. Seki S.S., Sugimura K., Ota M., Matsuzawa J., Katsuyama Y., Ishizuka K., Mochizuki T., Suzuki K., Yoneyama O., Mizuki N., Honma T., Inoko H., and Asakura H. Stratification analysis of MICA triplet repeat polymorphisms and HLA antigens associated with ulcerative colitis in Japanese. Tissue Antigens 58 (2001) 71-76
55. Glas J., Martin K., Brunnler G., Kopp R., Folwaczny C., Weiss E.H., and Albert E.D. MICA, MICB and C1_4_1 polymorphism in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Tissue Antigens 58 (2001) 243-249
56. van Heel D.A., Udalova I.A., De Silva A.P., McGovern D.P., Kinouchi Y., Hull J., Lench N.J., Cardon L.R., Carey A.H., Jewell D.P., and Kwiatkowski D. Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with a TNF polymorphism that affects an interaction between the OCT1 and NF(-kappa)B transcription factors. Hum. Mol. Genet. 11 (2002) 1281-1289
57. Levine A., Karban A., Eliakim R., Shaoul R., Reif S., Pacht A., Wardi J., Yakir B., and Silver E.L. A polymorphism in the TNF-alpha promoter gene is associated with pediatric onset and colonic location of Crohn's disease. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 100 (2005) 407-413
58. Van Limbergen J.E., Russell R.K., Nimmo E.R., Drummond H.E., Smith L., Anderson N.H., Davies G., Gillett P.M., McGrogan P., Hassan K., Weaver L.T., Bisset M.W., Mahdi G., Wilson D.C., and Satsangi J. IL23R Arg381Gln is associated with childhood onset inflammatory bowel disease in Scotland. Gut (2007)
59. Neurath M.F. IL-23: a master regulator in Crohn disease. Nat. Med. 13 (2007) 26-28
60. Uhlig H.H., McKenzie B.S., Hue S., Thompson C., Joyce-Shaikh B., Stepankova R., Robinson N., Buonocore S., Tlaskalova-Hogenova H., Cua D.J., and Powrie F. Differential activity of IL-12 and IL-23 in mucosal and systemic innate immune pathology. Immunity 25 (2006) 309-318
61. Mannon P.J., Fuss I.J., Mayer L., Elson C.O., Sandborn W.J., Present D., Dolin B., Goodman N., Groden C., Hornung R.L., Quezado M., Yang Z., Neurath M.F., Salfeld J., Veldman G.M., Schwertschlag U., Strober W., and Anti I.L.C.s.D.S.G. Anti-interleukin-12 antibody for active Crohn's disease. New Engl. J. Med. 351 (2004) 2069-2079
62. Franchimont D., Vermeire S., El Housni H., Pierik M., Van Steen K., Gustot T., Quertinmont E., Abramowicz M., Van Gossum A., Deviere J., and Rutgeerts P. Deficient host-bacteria interactions in inflammatory bowel disease? The toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 Asp299gly polymorphism is associated with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Gut 53 (2004) 987-992
63. Brand S., Staudinger T., Schnitzler F., Pfennig S., Hofbauer K., Dambacher J., Seiderer J., Tillack C., Konrad A., Crispin A., Goke B., Lohse P., and Ochsenkuhn T. The role of Toll-like receptor 4 Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile polymorphisms and CARD15/NOD2 mutations in the susceptibility and phenotype of Crohn's disease. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 11 (2005) 645-652
64. Lakatos P.L., Lakatos L., Szalay F., Willheim-Polli C., Osterreicher C., Tulassay Z., Molnar T., Reinisch W., Papp J., Mozsik G., and Ferenci P. Toll-like receptor 4 and NOD2/CARD15 mutations in Hungarian patients with Crohn's disease: phenotype-genotype correlations. World J. Gastroenterol. 11 (2005) 1489-1495
65. Torok H.P., Glas J., Tonenchi L., Mussack T., and Folwaczny C. Polymorphisms of the lipopolysaccharide-signaling complex in inflammatory bowel disease: association of a mutation in the Toll-like receptor 4 gene with ulcerative colitis. Clin. Immunol. 112 (2004) 85-91
66. Arnott I.D., Nimmo E.R., Drummond H.E., Fennell J., Smith B.R., MacKinlay E., Morecroft J., Anderson N., Kelleher D., O'Sullivan M., McManus R., and Satsangi J. NOD2/CARD15, TLR4 and CD14 mutations in Scottish and Irish Crohn's disease patients: evidence for genetic heterogeneity within Europe?. Genes Immun. 5 (2004) 417-425
67. Braat H., Stokkers P., Hommes T., Cohn D., Vogels E., Pronk I., Spek A., van Kampen A., van Deventer S., Peppelenbosch M., and Hommes D. Consequence of functional Nod2 and Tlr4 mutations on gene transcription in Crohn's disease patients. J. Mol. Med. 83 (2005) 601-609
68. Oostenbrug L.E., Drenth J.P., de Jong D.J., Nolte I.M., Oosterom E., van Dullemen H.M., van der Linde K., te Meerman G.J., van der Steege G., Kleibeuker J.H., and Jansen P.L. Association between Toll-like receptor 4 and inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 11 (2005) 567-575
69. Gazouli M., Mantzaris G., Kotsinas A., Zacharatos P., Papalambros E., Archimandritis A., Ikonomopoulos J., and Gorgoulis V.G. Association between polymorphisms in the Toll-like receptor 4, CD14, and CARD15/NOD2 and inflammatory bowel disease in the Greek population. World J. Gastroenterol. 11 (2005) 681-685
70. Torok H.P., Glas J., Tonenchi L., Bruennler G., Folwaczny M., and Folwaczny C. Crohn's disease is associated with a toll-like receptor-9 polymorphism. Gastroenterology 127 (2004) 365-366
71. van Heel D.A., Ghosh S., Hunt K.A., Mathew C.G., Forbes A., Jewell D.P., and Playford R.J. Synergy between TLR9 and NOD2 innate immune responses is lost in genetic Crohn's disease. Gut 54 (2005) 1553-1557
72. Rioux J.D., Daly M.J., Silverberg M.S., Lindblad K., Steinhart H., Cohen Z., Delmonte T., Kocher K., Miller K., Guschwan S., Kulbokas E.J., O'Leary S., Winchester E., Dewar K., Green T., Stone V., Chow C., Cohen A., Langelier D., Lapointe G., Gaudet D., Faith J., Branco N., Bull S.B., McLeod R.S., Griffiths A.M., Bitton A., Greenberg G.R., Lander E.S., Siminovitch K.A., and Hudson T.J. Genetic variation in the 5q31 cytokine gene cluster confers susceptibility to Crohn disease. Nat. Genet. 29 (2001) 223-228
73. Peltekova V.D., Wintle R.F., Rubin L.A., Amos C.I., Huang Q., Gu X., Newman B., Van Oene M., Cescon D., Greenberg G., Griffiths A.M., St George-Hyslop P.H., and Siminovitch K.A. Functional variants of OCTN cation transporter genes are associated with Crohn disease. Nat. Genet. 36 (2004) 471-475
74. Fisher S.A., Hampe J., Onnie C.M., Daly M.J., Curley C., Purcell S., Sanderson J., Mansfield J., Annese V., Forbes A., Lewis C.M., Schreiber S., Rioux J.D., and Mathew C.G. Direct or indirect association in a complex disease: the role of SLC22A4 and SLC22A5 functional variants in Crohn disease. Hum. Mutat. 27 (2006) 778-785
75. Mirza M.M., Fisher S.A., King K., Cuthbert A.P., Hampe J., Sanderson J., Mansfield J., Donaldson P., Macpherson A.J., Forbes A., Schreiber S., Lewis C.M., and Mathew C.G. Genetic evidence for interaction of the 5q31 cytokine locus and the CARD15 gene in Crohn disease. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 72 (2003) 1018-1022
76. Newman B., Gu X., Wintle R., Cescon D., Yazdanpanah M., Liu X., Peltekova V., Van Oene M., Amos C.I., and Siminovitch K.A. A risk haplotype in the Solute Carrier Family 22A4/22A5 gene cluster influences phenotypic expression of Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology 128 (2005) 260-269
77. Ferguson L.R., and De Flora S. Multiple drug resistance, antimutagenesis and anticarcinogenesis. Mutat. Res. 591 (2005) 24-33
78. Verstuyft C., Marcellin F., Morand-Joubert L., Launay O., Brendel K., Mentre F., Peytavin G., Gerard L., Becquemont L., and Aboulker J.P. Absence of association between MDR1 genetic polymorphisms, indinavir pharmacokinetics and response to highly active antiretroviral therapy. Aids 19 (2005) 2127-2131
79. Kajinami K., Brousseau M.E., Ordovas J.M., and Schaefer E.J. Polymorphisms in the multidrug resistance-1 (MDR1) gene influence the response to atorvastatin treatment in a gender-specific manner. Am. J. Cardiol. 93 (2004) 1046-1050
80. Furuno T., Landi M.T., Ceroni M., Caporaso N., Bernucci I., Nappi G., Martignoni E., Schaeffeler E., Eichelbaum M., Schwab M., and Zanger U.M. Expression polymorphism of the blood-brain barrier component P-glycoprotein (MDR1) in relation to Parkinson's disease. Pharmacogenetics 12 (2002) 529-534
81. Slovak M.L., Kopecky K.J., Wolman S.R., Henslee-Downey J.P., Appelbaum F.R., Forman S.J., and Blume K.G. Cytogenetic correlation with disease status and treatment outcome in advanced stage leukemia post bone marrow transplantation: a Southwest Oncology Group study (SWOG-8612). Leuk. Res. 19 (1995) 381-388
82. Ameyaw M.M., Regateiro F., Li T., Liu X., Tariq M., Mobarek A., Thornton N., Folayan G.O., Githang'a J., Indalo A., Ofori-Adjei D., Price-Evans D.A., and McLeod H.L. MDR1 pharmacogenetics: frequency of the C3435T mutation in exon 26 is significantly influenced by ethnicity. Pharmacogenetics 11 (2001) 217-221
83. Tanabe M., Ieiri I., Nagata N., Inoue K., Ito S., Kanamori Y., Takahashi M., Kurata Y., Kigawa J., Higuchi S., Terakawa N., and Otsubo K. Expression of P-glycoprotein in human placenta: relation to genetic polymorphism of the multidrug resistance (MDR)-1 gene. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 297 (2001) 1137-1143
84. Onnie C.M., Fisher S.A., Pattni R., Sanderson J., Forbes A., Lewis C.M., and Mathew C.G. Associations of allelic variants of the multidrug resistance gene (ABCB1 or MDR1) and inflammatory bowel disease and their effects on disease behavior: a case-control and meta-analysis study. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 12 (2006) 263-271
85. Satsangi J., Parkes M., Louis E., Hashimoto L., Kato N., Welsh K., Terwilliger J.D., Lathrop G.M., Bell J.I., and Jewell D.P. Two stage genome-wide search in inflammatory bowel disease provides evidence for susceptibility loci on chromosomes 3, 7 and 12. Nat. Genet. 14 (1996) 199-202
86. Cho J.H., Nicolae D.L., Gold L.H., Fields C.T., LaBuda M.C., Rohal P.M., Pickles M.R., Qin L., Fu Y., Mann J.S., Kirschner B.S., Jabs E.W., Weber J., Hanauer S.B., Bayless T.M., and Brant S.R. Identification of novel susceptibility loci for inflammatory bowel disease on chromosomes 1p, 3q, and 4q: evidence for epistasis between 1p and IBD1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 (1998) 7502-7507
87. Browning B.L., Huebner C., Petermann I., Demmers P., McCulloch A., Gearry R.B., Barclay M.L., Shelling A.N., and Ferguson L.R. Association of DLG5 variants with inflammatory bowel disease in the New Zealand caucasian population and meta-analysis of the DLG5 R30Q variant. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. (2007) (Epub ahead of print)
88. Stoll M., Corneliussen B., Costello C.M., Waetzig G.H., Mellgard B., Koch W.A., Rosenstiel P., Albrecht M., Croucher P.J., Seegert D., Nikolaus S., Hampe J., Lengauer T., Pierrou S., Foelsch U.R., Mathew C.G., Lagerstrom-Fermer M., and Schreiber S. Genetic variation in DLG5 is associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Nat. Genet. 36 (2004) 476-480
89. Nakamura H., Sudo T., Tsuiki H., Miyake H., Morisaki T., Sasaki J., Masuko N., Kochi M., Ushio Y., and Saya H. Identification of a novel human homolog of the Drosophila dlg, P-dlg, specifically expressed in the gland tissues and interacting with p55. FEBS Lett. 433 (1998) 63-67
90. Daly M.J., Pearce A.V., Farwell L., Fisher S.A., Latiano A., Prescott N.J., Forbes A., Mansfield J., Sanderson J., Langelier D., Cohen A., Bitton A., Wild G., Lewis C.M., Annese V., Mathew C.G., and Rioux J.D. Association of DLG5 R30Q variant with inflammatory bowel disease. Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 13 (2005) 835-839
91. Medici V., Mascheretti S., Croucher P.J., Stoll M., Hampe J., Grebe J., Sturniolo G.C., Solberg C., Jahnsen J., Moum B., Schreiber S., and Vatn M.H. Extreme heterogeneity in CARD15 and DLG5 Crohn disease-associated polymorphisms between German and Norwegian populations. Eur. J. Hum. Genet. (2006)
92. Lakatos P.L., Fischer S., Claes K., Kovacs A., Molnar T., Altorjay I., Demeter P., Tulassay Z., Palatka K., Papp M., Rutgeerts P., Szalay F., Papp J., Vermeire S., and Lakatos L. DLG5 R30Q is not associated with IBD in Hungarian IBD patients but predicts clinical response to steroids in Crohn's disease. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 12 (2006) 362-368
93. Noble C.L., Nimmo E.R., Drummond H., Smith L., Arnott I.D., and Satsangi J. DLG5 variants do not influence susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease in the Scottish population. Gut 54 (2005) 1416-1420
94. Torok H.P., Glas J., Tonenchi L., Lohse P., Muller-Myhsok B., Limbersky O., Neugebauer C., Schnitzler F., Seiderer J., Tillack C., Brand S., Brunnler G., Jagiello P., Epplen J.T., Griga T., Klein W., Schiemann U., Folwaczny M., Ochsenkuhn T., and Folwaczny C. Polymorphisms in the DLG5 and OCTN cation transporter genes in Crohn's disease. Gut 54 (2005) 1421-1427
95. Vermeire S., Pierik M., Hlavaty T., Claessens G., van Schuerbeeck N., Joossens S., Ferrante M., Henckaerts L., Bueno de Mesquita M., Vlietinck R., and Rutgeerts P. Association of organic cation transporter risk haplotype with perianal penetrating Crohn's disease but not with susceptibility to IBD. Gastroenterology 129 (2005) 1845-1853
96. Buning C., Geerdts L., Fiedler T., Gentz E., Pitre G., Reuter W., Luck W., Buhner S., Molnar T., Nagy F., Lonovics J., Dignass A., Landt O., Nickel R., Genschel J., Lochs H., Schmidt H.H., and Witt H. DLG5 variants in inflammatory bowel disease. Am. J. Gastroenterol. (2006)
97. Tremelling M., Waller S., Bredin F., Greenfield S., and Parkes M. Genetic variants in TNF-alpha but not DLG5 are associated with inflammatory bowel disease in a large United Kingdom cohort. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 12 (2006) 178-184
98. Ferraris A., Torres B., Knafelz D., Barabino A., Lionetti P., de Angelis G.L., Iacono G., Papadatou B., D'Amato G., Di Ciommo V., Dallapiccola B., and Castro M. Relationship between CARD15, SLC22A4/5, and DLG5 polymorphisms and early-onset inflammatory bowel diseases: an Italian multicentric study. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 12 (2006) 355-361
99. Newman W.G., Gu X., Wintle R.F., Liu X., van Oene M., Amos C.I., and Siminovitch K.A. DLG5 variants contribute to Crohn disease risk in a Canadian population. Hum. Mutat. (2006)
100. Pearce A.V., Fisher S.A., Prescott N.J., Onnie C.M., Pattni R., Green P., Forbes A., Mansfield J., Sanderson J., Schreiber S., Lewis C.M., and Mathew C.G. Investigation of association of the DLG5 gene with phenotypes of inflammatory bowel disease in the British population. Int. J. Colorectal Dis. (2006)
101. Day A.S., Whitten K.E., Lemberg D.A., Clarkson C., Vitug-Sales M., Jackson R., and Bohane T.D. Exclusive enteral feeding as primary therapy for Crohn's disease in Australian children and adolescents: a feasible and effective approach. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 21 (2006) 1609-1614
102. Giaffer M.H., North G., and Holdsworth C.D. Controlled trial of polymeric versus elemental diet in treatment of active Crohn's disease. Lancet 335 (1990) 816-819
103. Jowett S.L., Seal C.J., Pearce M.S., Phillips E., Gregory W., Barton J.R., and Welfare M.R. Influence of dietary factors on the clinical course of ulcerative colitis: a prospective cohort study. Gut 53 (2004) 1479-1484
104. Tragnone A., Valpiani D., Miglio F., Elmi G., Bazzocchi G., Pipitone E., and Lanfranchi G.A. Dietary habits as risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease. Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 7 (1995) 47-51
105. Korzenik J.R. Past and current theories of etiology of IBD: toothpaste, worms, and refrigerators. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 39 (2005) S59-S65
106. Patel B., Schutte R., Sporns P., Doyle J., Jewel L., and Fedorak R.N. Potato glycoalkaloids adversely affect intestinal permeability and aggravate inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm. Bowel Dis. 8 (2002) 340-346
107. Mishkin S. Dairy sensitivity, lactose malabsorption, and elimination diets in inflammatory bowel disease. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 65 (1997) 564-567
108. Shanahan F. Immunological and genetic links in Crohn's disease. Gut 46 (2000) 6-7
109. Lim C.C., Ferguson L.R., and Tannock G.W. Dietary fibres as "prebiotics": implications for colorectal cancer. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 49 (2005) 609-619
110. Lionetti P., Callegari M.L., Ferrari S., Cavicchi M.C., Pozzi E., de Martino M., and Morelli L. Enteral nutrition and microflora in pediatric Crohn's disease. Jpen J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. 29 (2005) S173-S175 (discussion S175-178)
111. Philpott M., and Ferguson L.R. Immunonutrition and cancer. Mutat. Res. 551 (2004) 29-42
112. Fell J.M. Control of systemic and local inflammation with transforming growth factor beta containing formulas. Jpen J. Parenter. Enteral Nutr. 29 (2005) S126-S128 (discussion S129-133)
113. Zhou F., Xia B., Guo Q.S., Wang Q., Li L., Jiang L., and Cheng H. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 promoter gene polymorphism is significantly associated with ulcerative colitis. Chin. J. Int. Med. (2006) 478-481
114. Roy N., Barnett M., Knoch B., Dommels Y., and McNabb W. Animal models of inflammatory bowel diseases: developing nutrigenomics foods for intestinal health using transcriptomic analysis. Mutat. Res. : Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 622 (2007) 103-116
115. Gassull M.A., Fernández-Bañares F., Cabré E., Papo M., Giaffer M.H., Sánchez-Lombraña J.L., Richart C., Malchow H., González-Huix F., Esteve M., and European Group on Enteral Nutrition in Crohn's Disease. Fat composition may be a clue to explain the primary therapeutic effect of enteral nutrition in Crohn's disease: results of a double blind randomised multicentre European trial. Gut 51 (2002) 164-168
116. Kaput J., and Dawson K. Complexity of type 2 diabetes mellitus data sets emerging from nutrigenomic research: a case for dimensionality reduction?. Mutat. Res. 622 (2007) 19-32
117. Welch E.M., Barton E.R., Zhuo J., Tomizawa Y., Friesen J., Trifillis P., Paushkin S., Patel M., Trotta C.R., Hwang S., Wilde R.G., Karp G., Takasugi J., Chen G., Jones S., Ren H., Moon Y.-C., Corson D., Turpoff A.A., Campbell J.A., Conn M.M., Khan A., Almstead N.G., Hedrick J., Mollin A., Risher N., Weetall M., Yeh S., Branstrom A.A., Colacino J.M., Babiak J., Ju W.D., Hirawat S., Northcutt V.J., Langdon L.M., Spatrick P., He F., Kawana M., Feng H., Jacobson A., Peltz S.W., and Sweeney H.L. PTC124 targets genetic disorders caused by nonsense mutations. Nature (2007) (Letters to Editor)
118. Philpott M., Mackay L., Ferguson L.R., Forbes D., and Skinner M. Cell culture models in developing nutrigenomics foods for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Mutat. Res. : Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. 622 (2007) 94-102
119. Geerling B.J., Badart-Smook A., Stockbrugger R.W., and Brummer R.J. Comprehensive nutritional status in recently diagnosed patients with inflammatory bowel disease compared with population controls. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 54 (2000) 514-521