메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 81, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 964-976

GB virus B disrupts RIG-I signaling by NS3/4A-mediated cleavage of the adaptor protein MAVS

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADAPTOR PROTEIN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; INTERFERON REGULATORY FACTOR 3; MITOCHONDRIAL ANTIVIRAL SIGNALING PROTEIN; NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN 3; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VIRUS PROTEIN; VIRUS RNA;

EID: 33846106820     PISSN: 0022538X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.02076-06     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (115)

References (52)
  • 1
    • 0035229417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GB virus B as a model for hepatitis C virus
    • Beames, B., D. Chavez, and R. E. Lanford. 2001. GB virus B as a model for hepatitis C virus. ILAR J. 42:152-160.
    • (2001) ILAR J , vol.42 , pp. 152-160
    • Beames, B.1    Chavez, D.2    Lanford, R.E.3
  • 2
    • 23944467250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive immune responses in acute and chronic hepatitis C virus infection
    • Bowen, D. G., and C. M. Walker. 2005. Adaptive immune responses in acute and chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Nature 436:946-952.
    • (2005) Nature , vol.436 , pp. 946-952
    • Bowen, D.G.1    Walker, C.M.2
  • 3
    • 0842347677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a GB virus B marmoset model and its validation with a novel series of hepatitis C virus NS3 protease inhibitors
    • Bright, H., A. R. Carroll, P. A. Watts, and R. J. Fenton. 2004. Development of a GB virus B marmoset model and its validation with a novel series of hepatitis C virus NS3 protease inhibitors. J. Virol. 78:2062-2071.
    • (2004) J. Virol , vol.78 , pp. 2062-2071
    • Bright, H.1    Carroll, A.R.2    Watts, P.A.3    Fenton, R.J.4
  • 4
    • 0035208060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Host range studies of GB virus-B hepatitis agent, the closest relative of hepatitis C virus, in New World monkeys and chimpanzees
    • Bukh, J., C. L. Apgar, S. Govindarajan, and R. H. Purcell. 2001. Host range studies of GB virus-B hepatitis agent, the closest relative of hepatitis C virus, in New World monkeys and chimpanzees. J. Med. Virol. 65:694-697.
    • (2001) J. Med. Virol , vol.65 , pp. 694-697
    • Bukh, J.1    Apgar, C.L.2    Govindarajan, S.3    Purcell, R.H.4
  • 6
    • 31344477977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flavivirus induces interferon-beta gene expression through a pathway involving RIG-I-dependent IRF-3 and PI3K-dependent NF-κB activation
    • Chang, T. H., C. L. Liao, and Y. L. Lin. 2006. Flavivirus induces interferon-beta gene expression through a pathway involving RIG-I-dependent IRF-3 and PI3K-dependent NF-κB activation. Microbes Infect. 8:157-171.
    • (2006) Microbes Infect , vol.8 , pp. 157-171
    • Chang, T.H.1    Liao, C.L.2    Lin, Y.L.3
  • 7
    • 2342623292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TLR7: A new sensor of viral infection
    • Crozat, K., and B. Beutler. 2004. TLR7: a new sensor of viral infection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101:6835-6836.
    • (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.101 , pp. 6835-6836
    • Crozat, K.1    Beutler, B.2
  • 8
    • 0036310498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell clones selected from the Huh7 human hepatoma cell line support efficient replication of a subgenomic GB virus B replicon
    • De Tomassi, A., M. Pizzuti, R. Graziani, A. Sbardellati, S. Altamura, G. Paonessa, and C. Traboni. 2002. Cell clones selected from the Huh7 human hepatoma cell line support efficient replication of a subgenomic GB virus B replicon. J. Virol. 76:7736-7746.
    • (2002) J. Virol , vol.76 , pp. 7736-7746
    • De Tomassi, A.1    Pizzuti, M.2    Graziani, R.3    Sbardellati, A.4    Altamura, S.5    Paonessa, G.6    Traboni, C.7
  • 9
    • 23844435555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis A virus suppresses RIG-I-mediated IRF-3 activation to block induction of beta interferon
    • Fensterl, V., D. Grotheer, I. Berk, S. Schlemminger, A. Vallbracht, and A. Dotzauer. 2005. Hepatitis A virus suppresses RIG-I-mediated IRF-3 activation to block induction of beta interferon. J. Virol. 79:10968- 10977.
    • (2005) J. Virol , vol.79 , pp. 10968-10977
    • Fensterl, V.1    Grotheer, D.2    Berk, I.3    Schlemminger, S.4    Vallbracht, A.5    Dotzauer, A.6
  • 11
    • 20044379559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foy, E., K. Li, R. Sumpter, Jr., Y. M. Loo, C. L. Johnson, C. Wang, P. M. Fish, M. Yoneyama, T. Fujita, S. M. Lemon, and M. Gale, Jr. 2005. Control of antiviral defenses through hepatitis C virus disruption of retinoic acid-inducible gene-1 signaling. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 102:2986-2991.
    • Foy, E., K. Li, R. Sumpter, Jr., Y. M. Loo, C. L. Johnson, C. Wang, P. M. Fish, M. Yoneyama, T. Fujita, S. M. Lemon, and M. Gale, Jr. 2005. Control of antiviral defenses through hepatitis C virus disruption of retinoic acid-inducible gene-1 signaling. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 102:2986-2991.
  • 12
    • 0037687422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foy, E., K. Li, C. Wang, R. Sumpter, Jr., M. Ikeda, S. M. Lemon, and M. Gale, Jr. 2003. Regulation of interferon regulatory factor-3 by the hepatitis C virus serine protease. Science 300:1145-1148.
    • Foy, E., K. Li, C. Wang, R. Sumpter, Jr., M. Ikeda, S. M. Lemon, and M. Gale, Jr. 2003. Regulation of interferon regulatory factor-3 by the hepatitis C virus serine protease. Science 300:1145-1148.
  • 13
    • 23944485662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evasion of intracellular host defence by hepatitis C virus
    • Gale, M., Jr., and E. M. Foy. 2005. Evasion of intracellular host defence by hepatitis C virus. Nature 436:939-945.
    • (2005) Nature , vol.436 , pp. 939-945
    • Gale Jr., M.1    Foy, E.M.2
  • 14
    • 0036092049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional profiling of interferon regulatory factor 3 target genes: Direct involvement in the regulation of interferon-stimulated genes
    • Grandvaux, N., M. J. Servant, B. tenOever, G. C. Sen, S. Balachandran, G. N. Barber, R. Lin, and J. Hiscott. 2002. Transcriptional profiling of interferon regulatory factor 3 target genes: direct involvement in the regulation of interferon-stimulated genes. J. Virol. 76:5532-5539.
    • (2002) J. Virol , vol.76 , pp. 5532-5539
    • Grandvaux, N.1    Servant, M.J.2    tenOever, B.3    Sen, G.C.4    Balachandran, S.5    Barber, G.N.6    Lin, R.7    Hiscott, J.8
  • 15
    • 1342284289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convergence of the NF-κB and interferon signaling pathways in the regulation of antiviral defense and apoptosis
    • Hiscott, J., N. Grandvaux, S. Sharma, B. R. Tenoever, M. J. Servant, and R. Lin. 2003. Convergence of the NF-κB and interferon signaling pathways in the regulation of antiviral defense and apoptosis. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1010:237-248.
    • (2003) Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci , vol.1010 , pp. 237-248
    • Hiscott, J.1    Grandvaux, N.2    Sharma, S.3    Tenoever, B.R.4    Servant, M.J.5    Lin, R.6
  • 18
    • 0344201903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lamarre, D., P. C. Anderson, M. Bailey, P. Beaulieu, G. Bolger, P. Bonneau, M. Bos, D. R. Cameron, M. Cartier, M. G. Cordingley, A. M. Faucher, N. Goudreau, S. H. Kawai, G. Kukolj, L. Lagace, S. R. LaPlante, H. Narjes, M. A. Poupart, J. Rancourt, R. E. Sentjens, R. St George, B. Simoneau, G. Steinmann, D. Thibeault, Y. S. Tsantrizos, S. M. Weldon, C. L. Yong, and M. Llinas-Brunet. 2003. An NS3 protease inhibitor with antiviral effects in humans infected with hepatitis C virus. Nature 426:186-189.
    • Lamarre, D., P. C. Anderson, M. Bailey, P. Beaulieu, G. Bolger, P. Bonneau, M. Bos, D. R. Cameron, M. Cartier, M. G. Cordingley, A. M. Faucher, N. Goudreau, S. H. Kawai, G. Kukolj, L. Lagace, S. R. LaPlante, H. Narjes, M. A. Poupart, J. Rancourt, R. E. Sentjens, R. St George, B. Simoneau, G. Steinmann, D. Thibeault, Y. S. Tsantrizos, S. M. Weldon, C. L. Yong, and M. Llinas-Brunet. 2003. An NS3 protease inhibitor with antiviral effects in humans infected with hepatitis C virus. Nature 426:186-189.
  • 19
    • 0038046543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of tamarins and marmosets as hosts for GBV-B infections and the effect of immunosuppression on duration of viremia
    • Lanford, R. E., D. Chavez, L., Notvall, and K. M. Brasky. 2003. Comparison of tamarins and marmosets as hosts for GBV-B infections and the effect of immunosuppression on duration of viremia. Virology 311:72-80.
    • (2003) Virology , vol.311 , pp. 72-80
    • Lanford, R.E.1    Chavez, D.2    Notvall, L.3    Brasky, K.M.4
  • 20
    • 20444442721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct poly(I-C) and virus-activated signaling pathways leading to interferon-beta production in hepatocytes
    • Li, K., Z. Chen, N. Kato, M. Gale, Jr., and S. M. Lemon. 2005. Distinct poly(I-C) and virus-activated signaling pathways leading to interferon-beta production in hepatocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 280:16739- 16747.
    • (2005) J. Biol. Chem , vol.280 , pp. 16739-16747
    • Li, K.1    Chen, Z.2    Kato, N.3    Gale Jr., M.4    Lemon, S.M.5
  • 22
    • 0036236226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular response to conditional expression of hepatitis C virus core protein in Huh7 cultured human hepatoma cells
    • Li, K., T. Prow, S. M. Lemon, and M. R. Beard. 2002. Cellular response to conditional expression of hepatitis C virus core protein in Huh7 cultured human hepatoma cells. Hepatology 35:1237-1246.
    • (2002) Hepatology , vol.35 , pp. 1237-1246
    • Li, K.1    Prow, T.2    Lemon, S.M.3    Beard, M.R.4
  • 23
    • 29144462494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis C virus protease NS3/4A cleaves mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein off the mitochondria to evade innate immunity
    • Li, X. D., L. Sun, R. B. Seth, G. Pineda, and Z. J. Chen. 2005. Hepatitis C virus protease NS3/4A cleaves mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein off the mitochondria to evade innate immunity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102:17717-17722.
    • (2005) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.102 , pp. 17717-17722
    • Li, X.D.1    Sun, L.2    Seth, R.B.3    Pineda, G.4    Chen, Z.J.5
  • 24
    • 33744913266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociation of a MAVS/IPS-1/VISA/Cardif-IKKε molecular complex from the mitochondrial outer membrane by hepatitis C virus NS3-4A proteolytic cleavage
    • Lin, R., J. Lacoste, P. Nakhaei, Q. Sun, L. Yang, S. Paz, P. Wilkinson, I. Julkunen, D. Vitour, E. Meurs, and J. Hiscott. 2006. Dissociation of a MAVS/IPS-1/VISA/Cardif-IKKε molecular complex from the mitochondrial outer membrane by hepatitis C virus NS3-4A proteolytic cleavage. J. Virol. 80:6072-6083.
    • (2006) J. Virol , vol.80 , pp. 6072-6083
    • Lin, R.1    Lacoste, J.2    Nakhaei, P.3    Sun, Q.4    Yang, L.5    Paz, S.6    Wilkinson, P.7    Julkunen, I.8    Vitour, D.9    Meurs, E.10    Hiscott, J.11
  • 26
    • 33645805870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loo, Y. M., D. M. Owen, K. Li, A. K. Erickson, C. L. Johnson, P. M. Fish, D. S. Carney, T. Wang, H. Ishida, M. Yoneyama, T. Fujita, T. Saito, W. M. Lee, C. H. Hagedorn, D. T. Lau, S. A. Weinman, S. M. Lemon, and M. Gale, Jr. 2006. Viral and therapeutic control of IFN-beta promoter stimulator 1 during hepatitis C virus infection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103:6001-6006.
    • Loo, Y. M., D. M. Owen, K. Li, A. K. Erickson, C. L. Johnson, P. M. Fish, D. S. Carney, T. Wang, H. Ishida, M. Yoneyama, T. Fujita, T. Saito, W. M. Lee, C. H. Hagedorn, D. T. Lau, S. A. Weinman, S. M. Lemon, and M. Gale, Jr. 2006. Viral and therapeutic control of IFN-beta promoter stimulator 1 during hepatitis C virus infection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103:6001-6006.
  • 28
    • 27144440476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardif is an adaptor protein in the RIG-I antiviral pathway and is targeted by hepatitis C virus
    • Meylan, E., J. Curran, K. Hofmann, D. Moradpour, M. Binder, R. Bartenschlager, and J. Tschopp. 2005. Cardif is an adaptor protein in the RIG-I antiviral pathway and is targeted by hepatitis C virus. Nature 437:1167-1172.
    • (2005) Nature , vol.437 , pp. 1167-1172
    • Meylan, E.1    Curran, J.2    Hofmann, K.3    Moradpour, D.4    Binder, M.5    Bartenschlager, R.6    Tschopp, J.7
  • 30
    • 4143133196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo analysis of the 3′ untranslated region of GB virus B after in vitro mutagenesis of an infectious cDNA clone: Persistent infection in a transfected tamarin
    • Nam, J. H., K. Faulk, R. E. Engle, S. Govindarajan, M. St. Claire, and J. Bukh. 2004. In vivo analysis of the 3′ untranslated region of GB virus B after in vitro mutagenesis of an infectious cDNA clone: persistent infection in a transfected tamarin. J. Virol. 78:9389-9399.
    • (2004) J. Virol , vol.78 , pp. 9389-9399
    • Nam, J.H.1    Faulk, K.2    Engle, R.E.3    Govindarajan, S.4    St. Claire, M.5    Bukh, J.6
  • 31
    • 0037320451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TICAM-1, an adaptor molecule that participates in Toll-like receptor 3-mediated interferon-beta induction
    • Oshiumi, H., M. Matsumoto, K. Funami, T. Akazawa, and T. Seya. 2003. TICAM-1, an adaptor molecule that participates in Toll-like receptor 3-mediated interferon-beta induction. Nat. Immunol. 4:161-167.
    • (2003) Nat. Immunol , vol.4 , pp. 161-167
    • Oshiumi, H.1    Matsumoto, M.2    Funami, K.3    Akazawa, T.4    Seya, T.5
  • 32
    • 33646450399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human rhinovirus attenuates the type I interferon response by disrupting activation of interferon regulatory factor 3
    • Peng, T., S. Kotla, R. E. Bumgarner, and K. E. Gustin. 2006. Human rhinovirus attenuates the type I interferon response by disrupting activation of interferon regulatory factor 3. J. Virol. 80:5021-5031.
    • (2006) J. Virol , vol.80 , pp. 5021-5031
    • Peng, T.1    Kotla, S.2    Bumgarner, R.E.3    Gustin, K.E.4
  • 33
    • 33846115153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rice, C. M. 1996. Flaviviridae: the viruses and their replication, p. 931-959. In B. N. Fields and D. M. Knipe, Fields virology, 3rd ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, Pa.
    • Rice, C. M. 1996. Flaviviridae: the viruses and their replication, p. 931-959. In B. N. Fields and D. M. Knipe, Fields virology, 3rd ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, Pa.
  • 34
    • 0036717195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NF-kappa B, chemokine gene transcription and tumour growth
    • Richmond, A. 2002. NF-kappa B, chemokine gene transcription and tumour growth. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2:664-674.
    • (2002) Nat. Rev. Immunol , vol.2 , pp. 664-674
    • Richmond, A.1
  • 35
    • 0031898959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virus-encoded proteinases of the Flaviviridae
    • Ryan, M. D., S. Monaghan, and M. Flint. 1998. Virus-encoded proteinases of the Flaviviridae. J. Gen. Virol. 79:947-959.
    • (1998) J. Gen. Virol , vol.79 , pp. 947-959
    • Ryan, M.D.1    Monaghan, S.2    Flint, M.3
  • 36
    • 0033833395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Processing of GB virus B non-structural proteins in cultured cells requires both NS3 protease and NS4A cot actor
    • Sbardellati, A., E. Scarselli, V. Amati, S. Falcinelli, A. S. Kekule, and C. Traboni. 2000. Processing of GB virus B non-structural proteins in cultured cells requires both NS3 protease and NS4A cot actor. J. Gen. Virol. 81:2183-2188.
    • (2000) J. Gen. Virol , vol.81 , pp. 2183-2188
    • Sbardellati, A.1    Scarselli, E.2    Amati, V.3    Falcinelli, S.4    Kekule, A.S.5    Traboni, C.6
  • 37
    • 0030985915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GB virus B and hepatitis C virus NS3 serine proteases share substrate specificity
    • Scarselli, E., A. Urbani, A. Sbardellati, L. Tomei, R. De Francesco, and C. Traboni. 1997. GB virus B and hepatitis C virus NS3 serine proteases share substrate specificity. J. Virol. 71:4985-4989.
    • (1997) J. Virol , vol.71 , pp. 4985-4989
    • Scarselli, E.1    Urbani, A.2    Sbardellati, A.3    Tomei, L.4    De Francesco, R.5    Traboni, C.6
  • 38
    • 0034769960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viruses and interferons
    • Sen, G. C. 2001. Viruses and interferons. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 55:255-281.
    • (2001) Annu. Rev. Microbiol , vol.55 , pp. 255-281
    • Sen, G.C.1
  • 39
    • 32644456874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiviral innate immunity pathways
    • Seth, R. B., L. Sun, and Z. J. Chen. 2006. Antiviral innate immunity pathways. Cell Res. 16:141-147.
    • (2006) Cell Res , vol.16 , pp. 141-147
    • Seth, R.B.1    Sun, L.2    Chen, Z.J.3
  • 40
    • 24144461689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and characterization of MAVS, a mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein that activates NF-κB and IRF3
    • Seth, R. B., L. Sun, C. K. Ea, and Z. J. Chen. 2005. Identification and characterization of MAVS, a mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein that activates NF-κB and IRF3. Cell 122:669-682.
    • (2005) Cell , vol.122 , pp. 669-682
    • Seth, R.B.1    Sun, L.2    Ea, C.K.3    Chen, Z.J.4
  • 41
    • 0038363463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Triggering the interferon antiviral response through an IKK-related pathway
    • Sharma, S., B. R. tenOever, N. Grandvaux, G. P. Zhou, R. Lin, and J. Hiscott. 2003. Triggering the interferon antiviral response through an IKK-related pathway. Science 300:1148-1151.
    • (2003) Science , vol.300 , pp. 1148-1151
    • Sharma, S.1    tenOever, B.R.2    Grandvaux, N.3    Zhou, G.P.4    Lin, R.5    Hiscott, J.6
  • 42
    • 23944506014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection
    • Shepard, C. W., L. Finelli, and M. J. Alter. 2005. Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection. Lancet Infect. Dis. 5:558-567.
    • (2005) Lancet Infect. Dis , vol.5 , pp. 558-567
    • Shepard, C.W.1    Finelli, L.2    Alter, M.J.3
  • 44
    • 13944253573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sumpter, R., Jr., Y. M. Loo, E. Foy, K. Li, M. Yoneyama, T. Fujita, S. M. Lemon, and M. Gale, Jr. 2005. Regulating intracellular antiviral defense and permissiveness to hepatitis C virus RNA replication through a cellular RNA helicase, RIG-I. J. Virol. 79:2689-2699.
    • Sumpter, R., Jr., Y. M. Loo, E. Foy, K. Li, M. Yoneyama, T. Fujita, S. M. Lemon, and M. Gale, Jr. 2005. Regulating intracellular antiviral defense and permissiveness to hepatitis C virus RNA replication through a cellular RNA helicase, RIG-I. J. Virol. 79:2689-2699.
  • 46
    • 0242456017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subcellular localization, stability, and transcleavage competence of the hepatitis C virus NS3-NS4A complex expressed in tetracycline-regulated cell lines
    • Wolk, B., D. Sansonno, H. G. Krausslich, F. Dammacco, C. M. Rice, H. E. Blum, and D. Moradpour. 2000. Subcellular localization, stability, and transcleavage competence of the hepatitis C virus NS3-NS4A complex expressed in tetracycline-regulated cell lines. J. Virol. 74:2293-2304.
    • (2000) J. Virol , vol.74 , pp. 2293-2304
    • Wolk, B.1    Sansonno, D.2    Krausslich, H.G.3    Dammacco, F.4    Rice, C.M.5    Blum, H.E.6    Moradpour, D.7
  • 47
    • 24944538819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VISA is an adapter protein required for virus-triggered IFN-beta signaling
    • Xu, L. G., Y. Y. Wang, K. J. Han, L. Y. Li, Z. Zhai, and H. B. Shu. 2005. VISA is an adapter protein required for virus-triggered IFN-beta signaling. Mol. Cell 19:727-740.
    • (2005) Mol. Cell , vol.19 , pp. 727-740
    • Xu, L.G.1    Wang, Y.Y.2    Han, K.J.3    Li, L.Y.4    Zhai, Z.5    Shu, H.B.6
  • 48
    • 0037114185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cutting edge: A novel Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adapter that preferentially activates the IFN-beta promoter in the Toll-like receptor signaling
    • Yamamoto, M., S. Sato, K. Mori, K. Hoshino, O. Takeuchi, K. Takeda, and S. Akira. 2002. Cutting edge: a novel Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adapter that preferentially activates the IFN-beta promoter in the Toll-like receptor signaling. J. Immunol. 169:6668-6672.
    • (2002) J. Immunol , vol.169 , pp. 6668-6672
    • Yamamoto, M.1    Sato, S.2    Mori, K.3    Hoshino, K.4    Takeuchi, O.5    Takeda, K.6    Akira, S.7
  • 49
    • 33144471074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 49. Yi, M., R. A. Villanueva, D. L. Thomas, T. Wakita, and S. M. Lemon. 2006. Production of infectious genotype 1a hepatitis C virus (Hutchinson strain) in cultured human hepatoma cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103:2310-2315.
    • 49. Yi, M., R. A. Villanueva, D. L. Thomas, T. Wakita, and S. M. Lemon. 2006. Production of infectious genotype 1a hepatitis C virus (Hutchinson strain) in cultured human hepatoma cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103:2310-2315.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.