Articial molecular motors and machines: Design principles and protype systems

Topics in Current Chemistry

Volumn 262, Issue , 2005, Pages 1-27

  Balzani, Vincenzo ^a   Credi, Alberto ^a   Ferrer, Belen ^a   Silvi, Serena ^a   Venturi, Margherita ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Catenane; Electron transfer; Photochemistry; Rotaxane; Supramolecular chemistry

Indexed keywords

EID: 33748854829     PISSN: 03401022     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1007/128_008     Document Type: Review

References (127)

1. Keyes RW (2001) Proc IEEE 89:227,
2. see also the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS), 2004 Edition, available at http://public.itrs.net
3. Feynman RP (1960) Eng Sci 23:22
4. Feynman RP (1960) Saturday Rev 43:45; see also: http://www.feynmanonline. com
5. Drexler KE (1986) Engines of Creation - The Coming Era of Nanotechnology. Anchor Press, New York
6. Drexler KE (1992) Nanosystems, Molecular Machinery, Manufacturing, and Computation. Wiley, New York
7. Smalley RE (2001) Sci Am 285:76
8. Joachim C, Launay JP (1984) Nouv J Chem 8:723
9. Balzani V, Moggi L, Scandola F (1987) In: Balzani V (ed) Supramolecular Photochemistry. Reidel, Dordrecht, p 1
10. Lehn JM (1990) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 29:1304
11. Aviram A, Ratner MA (1974) Chem Phys Lett 29:277
12. Carter FL (ed) (1982) Molecular Electronic Devices. Dekker, New York
13. Metzger RM (2003) Chem Rev 103:3803 and references therein
14. Lehn JM (1995) Supramolecular Chemistry-Concepts and Perspectives. VCH, Weinheim
15. Lehn JM, Atwood JL, Davies JED, MacNicol DD, Vögtle F (eds) (1996) Comprehensive Supramolecular Chemistry. Pergamon, Oxford
16. Steed JW, Atwood JL (2000) Supramolecular Chemistry. Wiley, New York
17. Atwood JL, Steed JW (eds) (2004) Encyclopedia of Supramolecular Chemistry. Dekker, New York
18. Rigler R, Orrit M, Talence I, Basché T (2001) Single Molecule Spectroscopy. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
19. Moerner WE (2002) J Phys Chem B 106:910
20. Zander C, Enderlein J, Keller RA (2002) Single Molecule Detection in Solution. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim
21. Gimzewski JK, Joachim C (1999) Science 283:1683
22. Hla SW, Meyer G, Rieder KH (2001) Chem Phys Chem 2:361
23. Samorl B, Zuccheri G, Baschieri P (2005) Chem Phys Chem 6:29
24. See e.g.: Christ T, Kulzer F, Bordat P, Basché T (2001) Angew Chem Int Ed 40:4192
25. Goodsell DS (2004) Bionanotechnology - Lessons from Nature. Wiley, New York
26. Balzani V, Credi A, Raymo FM, Stoddart JF (2000) Angew Chem Int Ed 39:3348
27. (2001) Ace Chem Res 34, no 6. Special Issue on Molecular Machines
28. (2001) Struct Bond 99. Special Volume on Molecular Machines and Motors
29. Balzani V, Credi A, Venturi M (2003) Molecular Devices and Machines - A Journey into the Nano World. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim
30. Sauvage JP (2005) Chem Comm 1507
31. Akkerman OS, Coops J (1967) Rec Trav Chim Pays-Bas 86:755
32. Cozzi F, Guenzi A, Johnson CA, Mislow K, Hounshell WD, Blount JF (1981) J Am Chem Soc 103:957
33. Bedard TC, Moore JS (1995) J Am Chem Soc 117:10662
34. Dominguez Z, Khuong TAV, Dang H, Sanrame CN, Nunez JE, Garcia-Garibay MA (2003) J Am Chem Soc 125:8827
35. Shima T, Hampel F, Gladysz JA (2004) Angew Chem Int Ed 43:5537
36. Khuong TAV, Zepeda G, Sanrame CN, Dang H, Bartbeger MD, Houk KN, Garcia-Garibay MA (2004) J Am Chem Soc 126:14778
37. Kottas GS, Clarke LI, Horinek D, Michl J (2005) Chem Rev 105:1281
38. Astumian RD, Hänggi P (2002) Phys Today 55:33
39. Parisi G (2005) Nature 433:221
40. Astumian RD (2005) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102:1843
41. Ballardini R; Balzani V, Credi A, Gandolfi MT, Venturi M (2001) Acc Chem Res 34:445
42. Balzani V, Scandola F (1991) Supramolecular Photochemistry. Horwood, Chichester
43. Armaroli N (2003) Photochem Photobiol Sci 2:73
44. Balzani V (2003) Photochem Photobiol Sci 2:479
45. Kaifer AE, Gómez-Kaifer M (1999) Supramolecular Electrochemistry. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim
46. Marcaccio M, Paolucci F, Roffia S (2004) In: Pombeiro AJL, Amatore C (eds) Trends in Molecular Electrochemistry. Dekker, New York, p 223
47. Balzani V, Credi A, Venturi M (2003) ChemPhysChem 4:49
48. Schliwa M (ed) (2003) Molecular Motors. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim
49. Schliwa M, Woehlke G (2003) Nature 422:759
50. Boyer PD (1993) Biochim Biophys Acta 1140:215
51. Boyer PD (1998) Angew Chem Int Ed 37:2296
52. Walker JE (1998) Angew Chem Int Ed 37:2308
53. Stock D, Leslie AGW, Walker JE (1999) Science 286:700
54. Vale RD, Milligan RA (2000) Science 288:88
55. Frey E (2002) ChemPhysChem 3:270
56. Steinberg-Yfrach G, Rigaud JL, Durantini EN, Moore AL, Gust D, Moore TA (1998) Nature 392:479
57. Soong RK, Bachand GD, Neves HP, Olkhovets AG, Craighead HG, Montemagno CD (2000) Science 290:1555
58. Hess H, Bachand GD, Vogel V (2004) Chem Eur J 10:2110
59. Kelly TR, De Silva H, Silva RA (1999) Nature 401:150
60. Koumura N, Zijlstra RWJ, van Delden RA, Harada N, Feringa BL (1999) Nature 401:152
61. Kelly TR, Silva RA, De Silva H, Jasmin S, Zhao YJ (2000) J Am Chem Soc 12:6935
62. van Delden RA, Koumura N, Schoevaars A, Meetsma A, Feringa BL (2003) Org Biomol Chem 1:33
63. Zheng XL, Mulcahy ME, Horinek D, Galeotti F, Magnera TF, Michl J (2004) J Am Chem Soc 126:4540
64. Shinkai S, Ikeda M, Sugasaki A, Takeuchi M (2001) Acc Chem Res 34:494
65. Gray M, Cuello AO, Cooke G, Rotello VM (2003) J Am Chem Soc 125:7882
66. Moon K, Grindstaff J, Sobransingh D, Kaifer AE (2004) Angew Chem Int Ed 43:5496
67. Jeon WS, Kim E, Ko YH, Hwang IH, Lee JW, Kim SY, Kim HJ, Kim K (2005) Angew Chem Int Ed 44:87
68. Mao C, Sun W, Shen Z, Seeman NC (1999) Nature 397:144
69. Yurke B, Turberfield AJ, Mills AP Jr, Simmel FC, Neumann JL (2000) Nature 406:605
70. Yan H, Zhang X, Shen Z, Seeman NC (2002) Nature 415:82
71. Li JJ, Tan W (2002) Nano Lett 2:315
72. Chen Y, Wang M, Mao C (2004) Angew Chem Int Ed 43:3554
73. Chen Y, Mao C (2004) J Am Chem Soc 126:8626
74. Yin P, Yan H, Daniell XG, Turberfield AJ, Reif JH (2004) Angew Chem Int Ed 43:4906
75. Sherman WB, Seeman NC (2004) Nano Lett 4:1203
76. Sauvage JP, Dietrich-Buchecker C (eds) (1999) Molecular Catenanes, Rotaxanes and Knots. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim
77. Chambron JC, Dietrich-Buchecker CO, Sauvage JP (1993) Top Curr Chem 165:131
78. Gibson HW, Bheda MC, Engen PT (1994) Prog Polym Sci 19:843
79. Amabilino DB, Stoddart JF (1995) Chem Rev 95:2725
80. Johnston AG, Leigh DA, Pritchard RJ, Degan MD (1995) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 34:1209
81. Jäger R, Vogue F (1997) Angew Chem Int Ed 36:930
82. Fujita M (1999) Acc Chem Res 32:53
83. Ishow E, Credi A, Balzani V, Spadola F, Mandolini L (1999) Chem Eur J 5:984
84. Ballardini R, Balzani V, Clemente-Léon M, Credi A, Gandolfi MT, Ishow E, Perkins J, Stoddart JF, Tseng HR, Wenger S (2002) J Am Chem Soc 124:12786
85. Anelli PL, Spencer N, Stoddart JF (1991) J Am Chem Soc 113:5131
86. Bissell A, Córdova E, Kaifer AE, Stoddart JF (1994) Nature 369:133
87. Elizarov AM, Chiu SH, Stoddart JF (2002) J Org Chem 67:9175
88. Tseng HR, Vignon SA, Stoddart JF (2003) Angew Chem Int Ed 42:1491
89. Keaveney CM, Leigh DA (2004) Angew Chem Int Ed 43:1222
90. Leigh DA, Ferez EM (2004) Chem Comm 2262
91. Tseng HR, Vignon SA, Celestre PC, Perkins J, Jeppesen JO, Di Fabio A, Ballardini R, Gandolfi MT, Venturi M, Balzani V, Stoddart JF (2004) Chem Eur J 10:155
92. Altieri A, Gatti FG, Kay ER, Leigh DA, Martel D, Paolucci F, Slawin AMZ, Wong JKY (2003) J Am Chem Soc 125:8644
93. Willner I, Pardo-Yssar V, Katz E, Ranjit KT (2001) J Electroanal Chem 497:172
94. Wang QC, Qu DH, Ren J, Chen KC, Tian H (2004) Angew Chem Int Ed 43:2661
95. Abraham W, Grubert L, Grummt UW, Buck K (2004) Chem Eur J 10:3562
96. Ashton PR, Ballardini R, Balzani V, Baxter I, Credi A, Fyfe MCT, Gandolfi MT, Gomez-Lopez M, Martinez-Diaz MV, Piersanti A, Spencer N, Stoddart JF, Venturi M, White AJP, Williams DJ (1998) J Am Chem Soc 120:11932
97. Garaudée S, Credi A, Silvi S, Venturi M, Stoddart JF (2005) ChemPhysChem 6:2145
98. Balzani V, Clemente-Leon M, Credi A, Löwe JN, Badjic JD, Stoddart JF, Williams DJ (2003) Chem Eur J 9:5348
99. Badjic JD, Balzani V, Credi A, Silvi S, Stoddart JF (2004) Science 303:1845
100. The molecular elevator operates in solution, i.e. with no control of the orientation of the molecules relative to a fixed reference system. Therefore, in the present context the words "upper" and "lower" are used only for descriptive purposes
101. Monk PMS (1998) The Viologens-Physicochemical Properties, Synthesis and Application of the Salts of 4,4′-Bipyridine. Wiley, Chichester
102. Brouwer AM, Frochot C, Gatti FG, Leigh DA, Mottier L, Paolucci F, Roffia S, Wurpel GWH (2001) Science 291:2124
103. Ballardini R, Balzani V, Gandolfi MT, Prodi L, Venturi M, Philp D, Ricketts HG, Stoddart JF (1993) Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 32:1301
104. Ashton PR, Ballardini R, Balzani V, Boyd SE, Credi A, Gandolfi MT, Gomez-Lopez M, Iqbal S, Philp D, Preece JA, Prodi L, Ricketts HG, Stoddart JF, Tolley MS, Venturi M, White AJP, Williams DJ (1999) Chem Eur J 3:152
105. Ashton PR, Ballardini R, Balzani V, Constable EC, Credi A, Kocian O, Langford SJ, Preece JA, Prodi L, Schofield ER, Spencer N, Stoddart JF, Wenger S (1998) Chem Eur J 4:2413
106. Ashton PR, Balzani V, Kocian O, Prodi L, Spencer N, Stoddart JF (1998) J Am Chem Soc 120:11190
107. Ashton PR, Ballardini R, Balzani V, Credi A, Dress R, Ishow E, Kleverlaan CJ, Kocian O, Preece JA, Spencer N, Stoddart JF, Venturi M, Wenger S (2000) Chem Eur J 6:3558
108. Ballardini R, Balzani V, Credi A, Gandolfi MT, Venturi M (2001) Int J Photoenergy 3:63
109. Balzani V, Clemente-León M, Credi A, Ferrer B, Venturi M, Flood AH, Stoddart JF (submitted)
110. Asakawa M, Ashton PR, Balzani V, Credi A, Hamers C, Mattersteig G, Montalti M, Shipway AN, Spencer N, Stoddart JF, Tolley MS, Venturi M, White AJP, Williams DJ (1998) Angew Chem Int Ed 37:333
111. Balzani V, Credi A, Mattersteig G, Matthews OA, Raymo FM, Stoddart JF, Venturi M, White AJP, Williams DJ (2000) J Org Chem 65:1924
112. Collier CP, Mattersteig G, Wong EW, Luo Y, Beverly K, Sampaio J, Raymo FM, Stoddart JF, Heath JR (2000) Science 289:1172
113. Luo Y, Collier CP, Jeppesen JO, Nielsen KA, Delonno E, Ho G, Perkins J, Tseng HR, Yamamoto T, Stoddart JF, Heath JR (2002) ChemPhysChem 3:519
114. Steuerman DW, Tseng HR, Peters AJ, Flood AH, Jeppesen JO, Nielsen KA, Stoddart JF, Heath JR (2004) Angew Chem Int Ed 43:6486
115. Ref [28],ch 16
116. Hernández JV, Kay ER, Leigh DA (2004) Science 306:1532
117. Ashton PR, Baldoni V, Balzani V, Credi A, Hoffmann HDA, Martinez-Diaz MV, Raymo FM, Stoddart JF, Venturi M (2001) Chem Eur J 7:3482
118. Leigh DA, Wong JKY, Dehez F, Zerbetto F (2003) Nature 424:174
119. Mobian P, Kern JM, Sauvage JP (2004) Angew Chem Int Ed 43:2392
120. Cavallini M, Biscarini F, Leon S, Zerbetto F, Bottari G, Leigh DA (2003) Science 299:531
121. Long B, Nikitin K, Fitzmaurice D (2003) J Am Chem Soc 125:5152
122. Álvaro M, Ferrer B, García H, Palomares EJ, Balzani V, Credi A, Venturi M, Stoddart JF, Wenger S (2003) J Phys Chem B 107:14319
123. Huang TJ, Tseng HR, Sha L, Lu WX, Brough B, Flood AH, Yu BD, Celestre PC, Chang JP, Stoddart JF, Ho CM (2004) Nano Lett 4:2065
124. Hernandez R, Tseng HR, Wong JW, Stoddart JF, Zink JI (2004) J Am Chem Soc 126:3370
125. Katz E, Lioubashevsky O, Willner I (2004) J Am Chem Soc 126:15520
126. Cecchet F, Rudolf P, Rapino S, Margotti M, Paolucci F, Baggerman J, Brouwer AM, Kay ER, Wong JKY, Leigh DA (2004) J Phys Chem B 108:15192
127. Flood AH, Peters AJ, Vignon SA, Steuerman DW, Tseng HR, Kang S, Heath JR, Stoddart JF (2004) Chem Eur J 10:6558