메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 1057, Issue , 2005, Pages 296-318

Hormones are key actors in gene X environment interactions programming the vulnerability to Parkinson's disease: Glia as a common final pathway

Author keywords

Dopaminergic neurons; Environment; Genes; Glia; Hormones; Neurodegeneration; Neuroinflammation; Neuroprotection; Parkinson's disease

Indexed keywords

1,2,3,6 TETRAHYDRO 1 METHYL 4 PHENYLPYRIDINE; ENDOTOXIN; ESTROGEN; GLUCOCORTICOID; HORMONE; NEUROTOXIN;

EID: 32244434803     PISSN: 00778923     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1196/annals.1356.023     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (47)

References (125)
  • 1
    • 0034687836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal exposure to high levels of glucocorticoids increases the susceptibility of cerebellar granule cells to oxidative stress-induced cell death
    • AHBON, E. et al. 2000. Prenatal exposure to high levels of glucocorticoids increases the susceptibility of cerebellar granule cells to oxidative stress-induced cell death. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 14726-14730.
    • (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.97 , pp. 14726-14730
    • Ahbon, E.1
  • 2
    • 0028858988 scopus 로고
    • Neonatal endotoxin exposure alters the development of the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis: Early illness and later responsivity to stress
    • SHANKS, N., S. LAROCQUE & M. MEANEY. 1995. Neonatal endotoxin exposure alters the development of the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis: early illness and later responsivity to stress. J. Neurosci. 15: 376-384.
    • (1995) J. Neurosci. , vol.15 , pp. 376-384
    • Shanks, N.1    Larocque, S.2    Meaney, M.3
  • 3
    • 0034624999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early-life exposure to endotoxin alters hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function and predisposition to inflammation
    • SHANKS, N. et al. 2000. Early-life exposure to endotoxin alters hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function and predisposition to inflammation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 5645-5650.
    • (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.97 , pp. 5645-5650
    • Shanks, N.1
  • 4
    • 0036604085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to a dysfunctional glucocorticoid receptor from early embryonic life programs the resistance to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis via nitric oxide-induced immunosuppression
    • MARCHETTI, B. et al. 2002. Exposure to a dysfunctional glucocorticoid receptor from early embryonic life programs the resistance to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis via nitric oxide-induced immunosuppression. J. Immunol. 168: 5848-5859.
    • (2002) J. Immunol. , vol.168 , pp. 5848-5859
    • Marchetti, B.1
  • 5
    • 0035659977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stress, the immune system and vulnerability to degenerative disorders of the central nervous system in transgenic mice expressing glucocorticoid receptor antisense RNA
    • MARCHETTI, B. et al. 2001. Stress, the immune system and vulnerability to degenerative disorders of the central nervous system in transgenic mice expressing glucocorticoid receptor antisense RNA. Brain Res. Rev. 36: 259-272.
    • (2001) Brain Res. Rev. , vol.36 , pp. 259-272
    • Marchetti, B.1
  • 6
    • 0016767423 scopus 로고
    • Intel dependence of the thymus in programming neuroendocrine functions
    • PIERPAOLI, W. & H.O. BESEDOVSKY. 1975. Intel dependence of the thymus in programming neuroendocrine functions. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 20: 323-329.
    • (1975) Clin. Exp. Immunol. , vol.20 , pp. 323-329
    • Pierpaoli, W.1    Besedovsky, H.O.2
  • 7
    • 0015511174 scopus 로고
    • Hormones, thymus, and lymphocyte function
    • PIERPAOLI, W. & E. SORKIN. 1972. Hormones, thymus, and lymphocyte function. Experentia 28: 1385-1389.
    • (1972) Experentia , vol.28 , pp. 1385-1389
    • Pierpaoli, W.1    Sorkin, E.2
  • 8
    • 0016767423 scopus 로고
    • Interdependece of the thymus in programming neuroendocrine functions
    • PIERPAOLI, W. & H.O. BESEDOVSKY. 1975. Interdependece of the thymus in programming neuroendocrine functions. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 20: 323-329.
    • (1975) Clin. Exp. Immunol. , vol.20 , pp. 323-329
    • Pierpaoli, W.1    Besedovsky, H.O.2
  • 9
    • 0017615526 scopus 로고
    • Interdependence between neuroendocrine programming and the generation of immune recognition in ontogeny
    • PIERPAOLI, W., H.G. KOOP, J. MULLER & M. KELLER. 1977. Interdependence between neuroendocrine programming and the generation of immune recognition in ontogeny. Cell. Immunol. 29: 16-26.
    • (1977) Cell. Immunol. , vol.29 , pp. 16-26
    • Pierpaoli, W.1    Koop, H.G.2    Muller, J.3    Keller, M.4
  • 10
    • 0002619398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unique neuroendocrine-immune (NEI) interactions during pregnancy
    • M. Kendal & J. Marsh, Eds.: CRC Press. London
    • MARCHETTI, B., F. GALLO, Z. FARINELLA & M.C. MORALE. 1996. Unique neuroendocrine-immune (NEI) interactions during pregnancy. In The Physiology of Immunity. M. Kendal & J. Marsh, Eds.: 297-328. CRC Press. London.
    • (1996) The Physiology of Immunity , pp. 297-328
    • Marchetti, B.1    Gallo, F.2    Farinella, Z.3    Morale, M.C.4
  • 11
    • 1342332143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid receptor deficiency increases vulnerability of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system: Critical role of glial nitric oxide
    • MORALE, M.C. et al. 2003. Glucocorticoid receptor deficiency increases vulnerability of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system: critical role of glial nitric oxide. FASEB J. 18: 164-166.
    • (2003) FASEB J. , vol.18 , pp. 164-166
    • Morale, M.C.1
  • 12
    • 84936641644 scopus 로고
    • Endocrine aspects of neuroimmunomodulation: Methods and overview. Neurobiology of Cytokines, Part A
    • E.B. de Souza, Ed. Academic Press. San Diego
    • McCANN, S.M. et al. 1993. Endocrine aspects of neuroimmunomodulation: methods and overview. In Neurobiology of Cytokines, Part A. Vol. 16, Methods in Neurosciences. E.B. de Souza, Ed.: 187-210. Academic Press. San Diego.
    • (1993) Methods in Neurosciences , vol.16 , pp. 187-210
    • McCann, S.M.1
  • 13
    • 0028625337 scopus 로고
    • The pineal gland as ontogenetic scanner of reproduction, immunity, and aging. The aging clock
    • PIERPAOLI, W. 1994. The pineal gland as ontogenetic scanner of reproduction, immunity, and aging. The aging clock. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 741: 46-49.
    • (1994) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.741 , pp. 46-49
    • Pierpaoli, W.1
  • 14
    • 0025072804 scopus 로고
    • Crosstalk communication in the neuroendocrine-reproductive axis: Age-dependent alterations in the common communication networks
    • MARCHETTI, B. et al. 1990. Crosstalk communication in the neuroendocrine-reproductive axis: age-dependent alterations in the common communication networks. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 594: 309-325.
    • (1990) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.594 , pp. 309-325
    • Marchetti, B.1
  • 15
    • 0029566961 scopus 로고
    • Neuroendocrineimmunology (NEI) at the turn of the century: Towards a molecular understanding of basic mechanisms and implications for reproductive physiopathology
    • MARCHETTI, B., F. GALLO, Z. FARINELLA & M.C. MORALE. 1995. Neuroendocrineimmunology (NEI) at the turn of the century: Towards a molecular understanding of basic mechanisms and implications for reproductive physiopathology. Endocrine 3: 845-861.
    • (1995) Endocrine , vol.3 , pp. 845-861
    • Marchetti, B.1    Gallo, F.2    Farinella, Z.3    Morale, M.C.4
  • 16
    • 0030878594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circadian melatonin and young-to-old pineal grafting postpone aging and maintain juvenile conditions of reproductive functions in mice and rats
    • PIERPAOLI, W. et al. 1997. Circadian melatonin and young-to-old pineal grafting postpone aging and maintain juvenile conditions of reproductive functions in mice and rats. Exp. Gerontol. 32: 587-602.
    • (1997) Exp. Gerontol. , vol.32 , pp. 587-602
    • Pierpaoli, W.1
  • 17
    • 0031545606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental consequences of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical system disruption: Impact on thymus gland maturation and the susceptibility to develop neuroimmune diseases
    • Developmental Correlates of Stress System Dysfunction. B. Marchetti, Ed.
    • MARCHETTI, B. et al. 1997. Developmental consequences of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical system disruption: impact on thymus gland maturation and the susceptibility to develop neuroimmune diseases. In Developmental Correlates of Stress System Dysfunction. B. Marchetti, Ed. Dev. Brain Dysfunct. 10: 503-527.
    • (1997) Dev. Brain Dysfunct. , vol.10 , pp. 503-527
    • Marchetti, B.1
  • 18
    • 0004331755 scopus 로고
    • The neuroendocrine-immune connections in the control of reproductive functions
    • E.Y. Adashi and S. Mancuso, Eds.: Serono Symposia Publications from Raven Press
    • MARCHETTI, B. et al. 1990. The neuroendocrine-immune connections in the control of reproductive functions. In Major Advances in Human Female Reproduction E.Y. Adashi and S. Mancuso, Eds.: Serono Symposia Publications from Raven Press. 73: 279-289.
    • (1990) Major Advances in Human Female Reproduction , vol.73 , pp. 279-289
    • Marchetti, B.1
  • 19
    • 0141444889 scopus 로고
    • Neuroimmunoendocrinology
    • J.E. Blalock, Ed. Karger. Basel
    • BLALOCK, J.E. 1992. Neuroimmunoendocrinology. J.E. Blalock, Ed. Chem. Immunol. 52: Karger. Basel.
    • (1992) Chem. Immunol. , pp. 52
    • Blalock, J.E.1
  • 20
    • 0028633539 scopus 로고
    • Shared ligands and receptors as a molecular mechanism for communication between the immune and neuroendocrine systems
    • BLALOCK, J.E. 1994. Shared ligands and receptors as a molecular mechanism for communication between the immune and neuroendocrine systems. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 741: 292-298.
    • (1994) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.741 , pp. 292-298
    • Blalock, J.E.1
  • 21
    • 0026085991 scopus 로고
    • Genetic variation in the stress response: Susceptibility to experimental and implications for human inflammatory disease
    • MASON, D. 1991. Genetic variation in the stress response: susceptibility to experimental and implications for human inflammatory disease. Immunol. Today 12: 57-60.
    • (1991) Immunol. Today , vol.12 , pp. 57-60
    • Mason, D.1
  • 22
    • 0030038741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early environmental regulation of forebrain glucocorticoid receptor gene expression: Implications for the adrenocortical response to stress
    • MEANEY, M.J. et al. 1996. Early environmental regulation of forebrain glucocorticoid receptor gene expression: implications for the adrenocortical response to stress. Dev. Neurosci. 18: 49-72.
    • (1996) Dev. Neurosci. , vol.18 , pp. 49-72
    • Meaney, M.J.1
  • 23
    • 0027369709 scopus 로고
    • Basis for the development of individual differences in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress response
    • MEANEY, M.J. et al. 1993. Basis for the development of individual differences in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress response. Cell. Mol. Neurobiol. 13: 321-347.
    • (1993) Cell. Mol. Neurobiol. , vol.13 , pp. 321-347
    • Meaney, M.J.1
  • 24
    • 0029123504 scopus 로고
    • Disruption of hypothalamic-pituitary adrenocortical system in transgenic animals expressing type II glucocorticoid receptor antisense ribonucleic acid permanently impairs T cell function: Effects on T cell trafficking and T cell responsiveness during postnatal development
    • MORALE, M.C. et al. 1995. Disruption of hypothalamic-pituitary adrenocortical system in transgenic animals expressing type II glucocorticoid receptor antisense ribonucleic acid permanently impairs T cell function: effects on T cell trafficking and T cell responsiveness during postnatal development. Endocrinology 136: 3949-3960.
    • (1995) Endocrinology , vol.136 , pp. 3949-3960
    • Morale, M.C.1
  • 25
    • 20244369883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid receptor-nitric oxide crosstalk and vulnerability to experimental parkinsonism: Pivotal role for glia-neuron interactions
    • MARCHETTI, B. et al. 2005. Glucocorticoid receptor-nitric oxide crosstalk and vulnerability to experimental parkinsonism: pivotal role for glia-neuron interactions. Brain Res. Rev. 48: 302-321.
    • (2005) Brain Res. Rev. , vol.48 , pp. 302-321
    • Marchetti, B.1
  • 26
    • 0026016705 scopus 로고
    • Blockade of central and peripheral luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) receptors in neonatal rats with a potent LHRH-antagonist inhibits the morphofunctional development of the thymus and maturation of cell-mediated and humoral immune responses
    • MORALE, M.C. et al. 1991. Blockade of central and peripheral luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) receptors in neonatal rats with a potent LHRH-antagonist inhibits the morphofunctional development of the thymus and maturation of cell-mediated and humoral immune responses. Endocrinology 128: 1073-1085.
    • (1991) Endocrinology , vol.128 , pp. 1073-1085
    • Morale, M.C.1
  • 27
    • 0033671098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender, neuroendocrine-immune interactions, and neuron-glial plasticity: The role of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH)
    • MARCHETTI, B. et al. 2000. Gender, neuroendocrine-immune interactions, and neuron-glial plasticity: the role of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH). Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 917: 678-709.
    • (2000) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.917 , pp. 678-709
    • Marchetti, B.1
  • 28
    • 0029761265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The LHRH-astroglial network of signals as a model to study neuroimmune interaction: Assessment of messenger systems and transduction mechanisms at cellular and molecular levels
    • MARCHETTI, B. 1996. The LHRH-astroglial network of signals as a model to study neuroimmune interaction: assessment of messenger systems and transduction mechanisms at cellular and molecular levels. Neuroimmunomodulation 3: 1-27.
    • (1996) Neuroimmunomodulation , vol.3 , pp. 1-27
    • Marchetti, B.1
  • 29
    • 0001969422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-talk signals in the CNS: The role of neurotrophic and hormonal factors, adhesion molecules, and intercellular signaling agents in a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)-astroglia interactive network
    • MARCHETTI, B. 1997. Cross-talk signals in the CNS: the role of neurotrophic and hormonal factors, adhesion molecules, and intercellular signaling agents in a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)-astroglia interactive network. Trends Biosci. 2: 1-32.
    • (1997) Trends Biosci. , vol.2 , pp. 1-32
    • Marchetti, B.1
  • 30
    • 0000237112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and the immune system
    • R. Ader, D.L. Felton & N. Cohen, Eds.: Raven Press. New York
    • MARCHETTI, B. et al. 2001. The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and the immune system. In Psychoneuroimmunology, 3rd ed., Vol. 1. R. Ader, D.L. Felton & N. Cohen, Eds.: 363-387. Raven Press. New York.
    • (2001) Psychoneuroimmunology, 3rd Ed. , vol.1 , pp. 363-387
    • Marchetti, B.1
  • 31
    • 0034879639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Special Feature: Neuroendocrine-immune (NEI) circuitry from neuron-glial interactions to function: Focus on gender and HPA-HPG interactions on early programming of the NEI system
    • MORALE, M.C. et al. 2001. Special Feature: Neuroendocrine-immune (NEI) circuitry from neuron-glial interactions to function: focus on gender and HPA-HPG interactions on early programming of the NEI system. Immunol. Cell Biol. 79: 400-417.
    • (2001) Immunol. Cell Biol. , vol.79 , pp. 400-417
    • Morale, M.C.1
  • 32
    • 21744439129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glia-neuron crosstalk in neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and neuroprotection
    • MARCHETTI, B., H. KETTENMANN & W.J. STREIT. 2005. Glia-neuron crosstalk in neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and neuroprotection. Brain Res. Rev. 48: 129-489.
    • (2005) Brain Res. Rev. , vol.48 , pp. 129-489
    • Marchetti, B.1    Kettenmann, H.2    Streit, W.J.3
  • 33
    • 0002652772 scopus 로고
    • Eicosanoids, purine, and hormone receptors
    • H. Kattenmann & B.R. Ransom, Eds. Oxford University Press. New York
    • PEARCE, B. & G.P. WILKIN. 1995. Eicosanoids, purine, and hormone receptors. In Neuroglia. H. Kattenmann & B.R. Ransom, Eds.: 377-386. Oxford University Press. New York.
    • (1995) Neuroglia , pp. 377-386
    • Pearce, B.1    Wilkin, G.P.2
  • 34
    • 0026578545 scopus 로고
    • Demonstration of steroid hormones receptor and steroid action in primary cultures of rat glial cells
    • YUNG-TESTAS, I., J.M. RENOIR, G.L. BRUGNARD & E.E. GREENE. 1992. Demonstration of steroid hormones receptor and steroid action in primary cultures of rat glial cells. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 41: 3-8.
    • (1992) J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. , vol.41 , pp. 3-8
    • Yung-Testas, I.1    Renoir, J.M.2    Brugnard, G.L.3    Greene, E.E.4
  • 35
    • 0026101766 scopus 로고
    • Estrogen inducible progesterone receptors in primary cultures of rat glial cells
    • YUNG-TESTAS, I., J.M. RENOIR, J.M. GSE & E.E. BEAULIEU. 1991. Estrogen inducible progesterone receptors in primary cultures of rat glial cells. Exp. Cell Res. 193: 12-19.
    • (1991) Exp. Cell Res. , vol.193 , pp. 12-19
    • Yung-Testas, I.1    Renoir, J.M.2    Gse, J.M.3    Beaulieu, E.E.4
  • 36
    • 0036959407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steroid receptors in various glial cell lines expression and functional studies
    • CADEPOND, C. et al. 2002. Steroid receptors in various glial cell lines expression and functional studies. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 973: 484-487.
    • (2002) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.973 , pp. 484-487
    • Cadepond, C.1
  • 37
    • 25144468525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • To be or not to be (inflammed) is that the question in anti-inflammatory drug therapy of neurodegenerative diseases?
    • MARCHETTI, B. & M.P. ABBRACCHIO. 2005. To be or not to be (inflammed) is that the question in anti-inflammatory drug therapy of neurodegenerative diseases? Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 26: 517-525.
    • (2005) Trends Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.26 , pp. 517-525
    • Marchetti, B.1    Abbracchio, M.P.2
  • 38
    • 0035152836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune function of microglia
    • ALOISI, F. 2001. Immune function of microglia. Glia 36: 165-179.
    • (2001) Glia , vol.36 , pp. 165-179
    • Aloisi, F.1
  • 41
    • 0036847816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia as neuroprotective: Immunocompetent cells of the CNS
    • STREIT, W.J. 2002. Microglia as neuroprotective: immunocompetent cells of the CNS. Glia 40: 133-139.
    • (2002) Glia , vol.40 , pp. 133-139
    • Streit, W.J.1
  • 42
    • 0033567862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glial responses to steroids as markers of brain aging
    • NICHOLS, N.R. 1999. Glial responses to steroids as markers of brain aging. J. Neurobiol. 40: 485-601.
    • (1999) J. Neurobiol. , vol.40 , pp. 485-601
    • Nichols, N.R.1
  • 43
    • 0025021854 scopus 로고
    • Messenger RNA for glia fibrillary acidic protein is decreased in the rat brain following acute and chronic corticosterone treatment
    • NICHOLS, N.R. et al. 1990. Messenger RNA for glia fibrillary acidic protein is decreased in the rat brain following acute and chronic corticosterone treatment. Mol. Brain Res. 7: 1-7.
    • (1990) Mol. Brain Res. , vol.7 , pp. 1-7
    • Nichols, N.R.1
  • 44
    • 0037378912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotection for Parkinson's disease: Prospects and promises
    • OLANOW, C.W., A.M. SHAPIRA & Y. AGID. 2003. Neuroprotection for Parkinson's disease: prospects and promises. Ann. Neurol. 53 (Suppl. 3): 51-52.
    • (2003) Ann. Neurol. , vol.53 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 51-52
    • Olanow, C.W.1    Shapira, A.M.2    Agid, Y.3
  • 45
    • 0032829070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of active nerve cell degeneration in the substantia nigra of humans years after 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine exposure
    • LANGSTON, J.W. et al. 1999. Evidence of active nerve cell degeneration in the substantia nigra of humans years after 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine exposure. Ann. Neurol. 46: 598-605.
    • (1999) Ann. Neurol. , vol.46 , pp. 598-605
    • Langston, J.W.1
  • 46
    • 0037378026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease
    • JENNER, P. 2003. Oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease. Ann. Neurol. 53: 26-38.
    • (2003) Ann. Neurol. , vol.53 , pp. 26-38
    • Jenner, P.1
  • 47
    • 0029751104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease
    • JENNER, P. & C.W. OLANOW. 1996. Oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Neurology 47: 161-170.
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.47 , pp. 161-170
    • Jenner, P.1    Olanow, C.W.2
  • 48
    • 0034308136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracellular accumulation of nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide, and glutamate in astrocytic cultures following glutathione depletion, complex I inhibition, and/or lipopolysaccharide-induced activation
    • McNAUGHT, K.S.P. & P. JENNER. 2000. Extracellular accumulation of nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide, and glutamate in astrocytic cultures following glutathione depletion, complex I inhibition, and/or lipopolysaccharide-induced activation. Biochem. Pharm. 60: 979-988.
    • (2000) Biochem. Pharm. , vol.60 , pp. 979-988
    • McNaught, K.S.P.1    Jenner, P.2
  • 49
    • 0033121299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fc epsilonRII/CD23 is expressed in Parkinson's disease and induces, in vitro, the production of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in glial cells
    • HUNOT, S. et al. 1999. Fc epsilonRII/CD23 is expressed in Parkinson's disease and induces, in vitro, the production of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in glial cells. J. Neurosci. 19: 3440-3447.
    • (1999) J. Neurosci. , vol.19 , pp. 3440-3447
    • Hunot, S.1
  • 50
    • 0033835748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The single intranigral injection of LPS as a new model for studying the selective effects of inflammatory reactions on an opaminergic system
    • HERRERA, A.J. et al. 2000. The single intranigral injection of LPS as a new model for studying the selective effects of inflammatory reactions on an opaminergic system. Neurobiol. Dis. 7: 429-447.
    • (2000) Neurobiol. Dis. , vol.7 , pp. 429-447
    • Herrera, A.J.1
  • 51
    • 0031715925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glial cells and inflammation in Parkinson's disease: A role in neurodegeneration?
    • HIRSCH, B.C., S. HUNOT, P. DAMIER & B. FAUCHEUX. 1998. Glial cells and inflammation in Parkinson's disease: a role in neurodegeneration? Ann. Neurol. 44 (Suppl. 1): 5115-5120.
    • (1998) Ann. Neurol. , vol.44 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 5115-5120
    • Hirsch, B.C.1    Hunot, S.2    Damier, P.3    Faucheux, B.4
  • 52
    • 0036499736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of inducible nitric oxide synthase in inflammation-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration
    • IRAVANI, M.M. et al. 2002. Involvement of inducible nitric oxide synthase in inflammation-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Neuroscience 110: 49-58.
    • (2002) Neuroscience , vol.110 , pp. 49-58
    • Iravani, M.M.1
  • 54
    • 0036316772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglial activation-mediated delayed and progressive degeneration of rat nigral dopaminergic neurons: Relevance to Parkinson's disease
    • GAO, H.M. et al. 2002. Microglial activation-mediated delayed and progressive degeneration of rat nigral dopaminergic neurons: relevance to Parkinson's disease. J. Neurochem. 81: 1285-1297.
    • (2002) J. Neurochem. , vol.81 , pp. 1285-1297
    • Gao, H.M.1
  • 55
    • 1942454250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation and neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease
    • McGEER, P.L. & E.G. McGEER. 2004. Inflammation and neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. 10 (Suppl. 1): 3-7.
    • (2004) Parkinsonism Relat. Disord. , vol.10 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 3-7
    • McGeer, P.L.1    McGeer, E.G.2
  • 56
    • 0842277733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation and dopaminergic neuronal loss in Parkinson's disease: A complex matter
    • HARTMANN, A. et al. 2003. Inflammation and dopaminergic neuronal loss in Parkinson's disease: a complex matter. Exp. Neurol. 184: 561-564.
    • (2003) Exp. Neurol. , vol.184 , pp. 561-564
    • Hartmann, A.1
  • 57
    • 0041522790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs protect against Parkinson neurodegeneration: Can an NSAID a day keep Parkinson disease away?
    • SCHIESS, M. 2003. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs protect against Parkinson neurodegeneration: can an NSAID a day keep Parkinson disease away? Arch. Neurol. 60: 1043-1044.
    • (2003) Arch. Neurol. , vol.60 , pp. 1043-1044
    • Schiess, M.1
  • 58
    • 0041653249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the risk of Parkinson's disease
    • CHEN, H. et al. 2003. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the risk of Parkinson's disease. Arch. Neurol. 60: 1059-1064.
    • (2003) Arch. Neurol. , vol.60 , pp. 1059-1064
    • Chen, H.1
  • 59
    • 0037379324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic and environmental factors in the cause of Parkinson's disease
    • WARNER, T.T. & A.H.V. SCHAPIRA. 2003. Genetic and environmental factors in the cause of Parkinson's disease. Ann. Neurol. 53: 16-25.
    • (2003) Ann. Neurol. , vol.53 , pp. 16-25
    • Warner, T.T.1    Schapira, A.H.V.2
  • 60
    • 0038620461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen as a neuroprotectant of nigrostriatal dopaminergic system
    • DLUZEN, D.E. & M.W.I. HORSTINK. 2003. Estrogen as a neuroprotectant of nigrostriatal dopaminergic system. Endocrine 21: 67-75.
    • (2003) Endocrine , vol.21 , pp. 67-75
    • Dluzen, D.E.1    Horstink, M.W.I.2
  • 61
    • 12244299912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between Parkinson's disease and polymorphisms in the nNOS and iNOS genes in a community-based case-control study
    • LEVECQUE, C. et al. 2003. Association between Parkinson's disease and polymorphisms in the nNOS and iNOS genes in a community-based case-control study. Hum. Mol. Genet. 12: 79-86.
    • (2003) Hum. Mol. Genet. , vol.12 , pp. 79-86
    • Levecque, C.1
  • 62
    • 3042587538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between the estrogen receptor beta gene and age onset of Parkinson's disease
    • WESTBERG, L. et al. 2004. Association between the estrogen receptor beta gene and age onset of Parkinson's disease. Psychoneuroendocrinology 29: 993-998.
    • (2004) Psychoneuroendocrinology , vol.29 , pp. 993-998
    • Westberg, L.1
  • 63
    • 0033681149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic systemic pesticide exposure reproduces features of Parkinson's disease
    • BETARBET, R. et al. 2000. Chronic systemic pesticide exposure reproduces features of Parkinson's disease. Nat. Neurosci. 3: 1301-1306.
    • (2000) Nat. Neurosci. , vol.3 , pp. 1301-1306
    • Betarbet, R.1
  • 64
    • 0346749428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enriched environment confers resistance to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine and cocaine: Involvement of dopamine transporter and trophic factors
    • BEZARD, E. et al. 2003. Enriched environment confers resistance to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine and cocaine: involvement of dopamine transporter and trophic factors. J. Neurosci. 23: 10999-11007.
    • (2003) J. Neurosci. , vol.23 , pp. 10999-11007
    • Bezard, E.1
  • 65
    • 0033811169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive changes in the nigrostriatal pathway in response to increased 1 -methy 1-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced neurodegeneration in the mouse
    • BEZARD, E. et al. 2000. Adaptive changes in the nigrostriatal pathway in response to increased 1 -methy 1-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced neurodegeneration in the mouse. Eur. J. Neurosci. 12: 2892-2900.
    • (2000) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.12 , pp. 2892-2900
    • Bezard, E.1
  • 66
    • 1342323484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined toxicity of prenatal bacterial endotoxin exposure and post-natal 6-hydroxydopamine in the adult rat midbrain
    • LING, Z.D. et al. 2004. Combined toxicity of prenatal bacterial endotoxin exposure and post-natal 6-hydroxydopamine in the adult rat midbrain. Neuroscience 124: 619-628.
    • (2004) Neuroscience , vol.124 , pp. 619-628
    • Ling, Z.D.1
  • 67
    • 0021334469 scopus 로고
    • Dependence of thymus development on derivatives of neural crest
    • BOCKMAN, D.E. & M.L. KIRBY. 1984. Dependence of thymus development on derivatives of neural crest. Science 223: 498-500.
    • (1984) Science , vol.223 , pp. 498-500
    • Bockman, D.E.1    Kirby, M.L.2
  • 68
    • 0029977639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of neural crest derived cells within the cellular microenvironment of the thymus employing a library of monoclonal antibodies raised against neuronal tissue
    • BODEY, B., B. BODEY, JR., S.E. SIEGEL, et al. 1996. Identification of neural crest derived cells within the cellular microenvironment of the thymus employing a library of monoclonal antibodies raised against neuronal tissue. In Vivo 10: 39-48.
    • (1996) In Vivo , vol.10 , pp. 39-48
    • Bodey, B.1    Bodey Jr., B.2    Siegel, S.E.3
  • 69
    • 0026788034 scopus 로고
    • Thymocytes express a mRNA that is identical to hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone mRNA
    • MAIER, C.C. et al. 1992. Thymocytes express a mRNA that is identical to hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone mRNA. Cell. Mol. Neurobiol. 12: 447-454.
    • (1992) Cell. Mol. Neurobiol. , vol.12 , pp. 447-454
    • Maier, C.C.1
  • 70
    • 0028110722 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of glucocorticoid receptor gene expression in the thymus by the sex steroid hormone milieu and correlation with sexual dimorphism of immune response
    • PEIFFER, A., M.C. MORALE, N. BARDEN & B. MARCHETTI. 1994. Modulation of glucocorticoid receptor gene expression in the thymus by the sex steroid hormone milieu and correlation with sexual dimorphism of immune response. Endocrine 2: 181-191.
    • (1994) Endocrine , vol.2 , pp. 181-191
    • Peiffer, A.1    Morale, M.C.2    Barden, N.3    Marchetti, B.4
  • 73
    • 0026543152 scopus 로고
    • Impaired type II glucocorticoid-receptor function in mice bearing antisense RNA transgene
    • PÉPIN, M.C., F. POTHIER & N. BARDEN. 1992. Impaired type II glucocorticoid-receptor function in mice bearing antisense RNA transgene. Nature 355: 725-728.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.355 , pp. 725-728
    • Pépin, M.C.1    Pothier, F.2    Barden, N.3
  • 74
    • 0028327292 scopus 로고
    • Dexamethazone nonsuppression in transgenic mice expressing antisense RNA to the glucocorticoid receptor
    • STEC, I., N. BARDEN, J.M.H.M. REUL & F. HOLSBOER. 1993. Dexamethazone nonsuppression in transgenic mice expressing antisense RNA to the glucocorticoid receptor. J. Psychiatric Res. 28: 1-5.
    • (1993) J. Psychiatric Res. , vol.28 , pp. 1-5
    • Stec, I.1    Barden, N.2    Reul, J.M.H.M.3    Holsboer, F.4
  • 75
    • 0030837391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocrine profile and neuroendocrine challenge tests in transgenic mice expressing antisense-RNA against the glucocorticoid receptor
    • BARDEN, N. et al. 1997. Endocrine profile and neuroendocrine challenge tests in transgenic mice expressing antisense-RNA against the glucocorticoid receptor. Neuroendocrinology 3: 212-220.
    • (1997) Neuroendocrinology , vol.3 , pp. 212-220
    • Barden, N.1
  • 76
    • 0020034638 scopus 로고
    • Effects of estradiol on intact and denervated striatal dopamine receptors and on dopamine levels: A biochemical and behavioral study
    • DI PAOLO, T., P. BEDARD & A. DUPONT. 1982. Effects of estradiol on intact and denervated striatal dopamine receptors and on dopamine levels: a biochemical and behavioral study. Can. Physiol. Pharmacol. 60: 350-357.
    • (1982) Can. Physiol. Pharmacol. , vol.60 , pp. 350-357
    • Di Paolo, T.1    Bedard, P.2    Dupont, A.3
  • 77
    • 0024478219 scopus 로고
    • Striatal dopamine receptor density fluctuates during the rat estrous cycle
    • LEVESQUE, D., S. GAGNON & T. DI PAOLO. 1989. Striatal dopamine receptor density fluctuates during the rat estrous cycle. Neurosci. Lett. 10: 345-350.
    • (1989) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.10 , pp. 345-350
    • Levesque, D.1    Gagnon, S.2    Di Paolo, T.3
  • 78
    • 0025233472 scopus 로고
    • Direct effect of 17beta estradiol on striatum: Sex differences in dopamine release
    • BECKER, J.B. 1990. Direct effect of 17beta estradiol on striatum: sex differences in dopamine release. Synapse 5: 157-164.
    • (1990) Synapse , vol.5 , pp. 157-164
    • Becker, J.B.1
  • 79
    • 0027310121 scopus 로고
    • Effect of chronic estradiol and progesterone treatments of ovariectomized rats on brain dopamine uptake sites
    • MORISSETTE, M. & T. DI PAOLO. 1993. Effect of chronic estradiol and progesterone treatments of ovariectomized rats on brain dopamine uptake sites. J. Neurochem. 60: 1876-1886.
    • (1993) J. Neurochem. , vol.60 , pp. 1876-1886
    • Morissette, M.1    Di Paolo, T.2
  • 80
    • 0027185045 scopus 로고
    • Sex and estrous cycle variations on rat striatal dopamine uptake sites
    • MORISSETTE, M. & T. DI PAOLO. 1993. Sex and estrous cycle variations on rat striatal dopamine uptake sites. Neuroendocrinology 58: 16-22.
    • (1993) Neuroendocrinology , vol.58 , pp. 16-22
    • Morissette, M.1    Di Paolo, T.2
  • 81
    • 0036296962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen, anti-estrogen, and gender differences in methamphetamine neurotoxicity
    • DLUZEN, D.E. & J.L. McDERMOT. 2002. Estrogen, anti-estrogen, and gender differences in methamphetamine neurotoxicity. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 965: 136-156.
    • (2002) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.965 , pp. 136-156
    • Dluzen, D.E.1    McDermot, J.L.2
  • 82
    • 0033968926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ovarian steroids and raloxifene prevent MPTP-induced dopamine depletion in mice
    • GRANDBOIS, M., M. MORISSETTE, S. CALLIER & T. DI PAOLO. 2000. Ovarian steroids and raloxifene prevent MPTP-induced dopamine depletion in mice. Neuroreport 11: 343-346.
    • (2000) Neuroreport , vol.11 , pp. 343-346
    • Grandbois, M.1    Morissette, M.2    Callier, S.3    Di Paolo, T.4
  • 83
    • 0034664249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stereospecific prevention by 17-beta estradiol of MPTP-induced dopamine depletion
    • CALLIER, S., M. MORISSETTE, M. GRANDBOIS & T. DI PAOLO. 2000. Stereospecific prevention by 17-beta estradiol of MPTP-induced dopamine depletion. Synapse 37: 245-251.
    • (2000) Synapse , vol.37 , pp. 245-251
    • Callier, S.1    Morissette, M.2    Grandbois, M.3    Di Paolo, T.4
  • 84
    • 10444239345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental and genetic influences upon gender differences in methamphetamine-induced nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurotoxicity
    • DLUZEN, D.E. & J.L. MCDERMOTT. 2004. Developmental and genetic influences upon gender differences in methamphetamine-induced nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurotoxicity. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1025: 205-220.
    • (2004) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.1025 , pp. 205-220
    • Dluzen, D.E.1    McDermott, J.L.2
  • 85
    • 9644269044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of estrogen receptor agonists treatment in MPTP mice: Evidence of neuroprotection by ER alpha agonist
    • D'ASTOUS, M., M. MORISSETTE & T. DI PAOLO. 2004. Effect of estrogen receptor agonists treatment in MPTP mice: evidence of neuroprotection by ER alpha agonist. Neuropharmacology 47: 1180-1188.
    • (2004) Neuropharmacology , vol.47 , pp. 1180-1188
    • D'Astous, M.1    Morissette, M.2    Di Paolo, T.3
  • 86
    • 4444287934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine transporter as a marker of neuroprotection in methamphetamine-lesioned mice treated acutely with estradiol
    • D'ASTOUS, M., T.M. GAJJAR, D.E. DLUZEN, & T. DI PAOLO. 2004. Dopamine transporter as a marker of neuroprotection in methamphetamine-lesioned mice treated acutely with estradiol. Neuroendocrinology 79: 296-304.
    • (2004) Neuroendocrinology , vol.79 , pp. 296-304
    • D'Astous, M.1    Gajjar, T.M.2    Dluzen, D.E.3    Di Paolo, T.4
  • 87
    • 0037029739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen receptor beta immunoreactivity in the midbrain of adult rats: Regional, subregional, and cellular localization in the A10, A9, and A8 dopamine cell groups
    • CREUTZ, L.M. & M.F. KRITZER. 2002. Estrogen receptor beta immunoreactivity in the midbrain of adult rats: regional, subregional, and cellular localization in the A10, A9, and A8 dopamine cell groups. J. Comp. Neurol. 446: 288-300.
    • (2002) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.446 , pp. 288-300
    • Creutz, L.M.1    Kritzer, M.F.2
  • 88
    • 0035956960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphological abnormalities in the brain of estrogen receptor beta knockout mice
    • WANG, L., S. ANDERSSON, M. WARNER & J.A. GUSTAFSSON. 2001. Morphological abnormalities in the brain of estrogen receptor beta knockout mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98: 2792-2796.
    • (2001) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.98 , pp. 2792-2796
    • Wang, L.1    Andersson, S.2    Warner, M.3    Gustafsson, J.A.4
  • 89
    • 0036593191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen as a neuroprotective hormone
    • BEHL, C. 2002. Estrogen as a neuroprotective hormone. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 3: 433-442.
    • (2002) Nat. Rev. Neurosci. , vol.3 , pp. 433-442
    • Behl, C.1
  • 90
    • 0033178294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estradiol modulates bcl-2 in cerebral ischemia: A potential role for estrogen receptors
    • DUBAL, D.B. et al. 1999. Estradiol modulates bcl-2 in cerebral ischemia: a potential role for estrogen receptors. J. Neurosci. 19: 6385-6393.
    • (1999) J. Neurosci. , vol.19 , pp. 6385-6393
    • Dubal, D.B.1
  • 91
    • 0035118001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effects of estradiol in middle-aged female rats
    • DUBAL, D.B. & P.M. WISE. 2001. Neuroprotective effects of estradiol in middle-aged female rats. Endocrinology 142: 43-48.
    • (2001) Endocrinology , vol.142 , pp. 43-48
    • Dubal, D.B.1    Wise, P.M.2
  • 92
    • 0032401010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estradiol protects mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons from oxidative stress-induced neuronal death
    • SAWADA, H., M. IBI & T. KIHARA. 1998. Estradiol protects mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons from oxidative stress-induced neuronal death. J. Neurosci. Res. 54: 707-719.
    • (1998) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.54 , pp. 707-719
    • Sawada, H.1    Ibi, M.2    Kihara, T.3
  • 93
    • 0036070328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estradiol protects dopminergic neurons in a MPP+Parkinson's disease model
    • SAWADA, H. et al. 2002. Estradiol protects dopminergic neurons in a MPP+Parkinson's disease model. Neuropharmacology 42: 1056-1064.
    • (2002) Neuropharmacology , vol.42 , pp. 1056-1064
    • Sawada, H.1
  • 94
    • 0035783766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astroglia play a key role in the neuroprotective actions of estrogen
    • AZCOITIA, D. et al. 2001. Astroglia play a key role in the neuroprotective actions of estrogen. Prog. Brain Res. 132: 469-478.
    • (2001) Prog. Brain Res. , vol.132 , pp. 469-478
    • Azcoitia, D.1
  • 95
    • 17844407395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glia-neuron crosstalk in the neuroprotective mechanisms of sex steroid hormones
    • GARCIA-OVEJERO, D. et al. 2005. Glia-neuron crosstalk in the neuroprotective mechanisms of sex steroid hormones. Brain Res. Rev. 48: 2130-2142.
    • (2005) Brain Res. Rev. , vol.48 , pp. 2130-2142
    • Garcia-Ovejero, D.1
  • 96
    • 0028111551 scopus 로고
    • Mesencephalic type 1 astrocytes rescue dopaminergic neurons from death induced by serum deprivation
    • TAKESHIMA, T., J.M. JOHNSTON & J.W. COMMISSIONG. 1994. Mesencephalic type 1 astrocytes rescue dopaminergic neurons from death induced by serum deprivation. J. Neurosci. 14: 4769-4779.
    • (1994) J. Neurosci. , vol.14 , pp. 4769-4779
    • Takeshima, T.1    Johnston, J.M.2    Commissiong, J.W.3
  • 97
    • 0034659602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) acts on both neurons and glia to mediate the neurotrophic effects of astrocytes on LHRH neurons in culture
    • GALLO, M.C. et al. 2000. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) acts on both neurons and glia to mediate the neurotrophic effects of astrocytes on LHRH neurons in culture. Synapse 36: 233-253.
    • (2000) Synapse , vol.36 , pp. 233-253
    • Gallo, M.C.1
  • 98
    • 0033825066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) priming increases the response of LHRH neurons to neurotrophic factors
    • GALLO, M.C. et al. 2000. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) priming increases the response of LHRH neurons to neurotrophic factors. J. Neuroendocrinol. 12: 941-959.
    • (2000) J. Neuroendocrinol. , vol.12 , pp. 941-959
    • Gallo, M.C.1
  • 99
    • 0033899176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutathione metabolism in brain. Metabolic interaction between astrocytes and neurons in the defense against reactive oxygen species
    • DRINGEN, R., J. GUTTERER & J. HIRRLINGER. 2000. Glutathione metabolism in brain. Metabolic interaction between astrocytes and neurons in the defense against reactive oxygen species. Eur. J. Biochem. 267: 4912-4916.
    • (2000) Eur. J. Biochem. , vol.267 , pp. 4912-4916
    • Dringen, R.1    Gutterer, J.2    Hirrlinger, J.3
  • 100
    • 0034788741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Co-culture with astrocytes or microglia protects metabolically impaired neurons
    • PARK, C., H. ZHANG & G.E. GIBSON. 2001. Co-culture with astrocytes or microglia protects metabolically impaired neurons. Mech. Ageing Dev. 123: 21-27.
    • (2001) Mech. Ageing Dev. , vol.123 , pp. 21-27
    • Park, C.1    Zhang, H.2    Gibson, G.E.3
  • 101
    • 0032748383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered glial function causes neuronal death and increases neuronal susceptibility to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium- and 6-hydroxydopamine-induced toxicity in astrocytic/ventral mesencephalic co-cultures
    • McNAUGHT, K.S.P. & P. JENNER. 1999. Altered glial function causes neuronal death and increases neuronal susceptibility to 1-methyl-4- phenylpyridinium- and 6-hydroxydopamine-induced toxicity in astrocytic/ventral mesencephalic co-cultures. J. Neurochem. 73: 2469.
    • (1999) J. Neurochem. , vol.73 , pp. 2469
    • McNaught, K.S.P.1    Jenner, P.2
  • 102
    • 0035870598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strain-dependent susceptibility to MPTP and MPTP(+)-induced parkinsonism is determined by glia
    • SMEYNE, O., O. GOLOUBEVA & R.J. SMEYNE. 2001. Strain-dependent susceptibility to MPTP and MPTP(+)-induced parkinsonism is determined by glia. Glia 34: 73-80.
    • (2001) Glia , vol.34 , pp. 73-80
    • Smeyne, O.1    Goloubeva, O.2    Smeyne, R.J.3
  • 103
    • 0242681988 scopus 로고
    • Idiopathic and 1-methyl-4phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced parkinsonism
    • H. Kettenmann & B.R. Ransom, Eds. New York. Oxford University Press
    • DI MONTE, D.A. & J.W. LANGSTON. 1995. Idiopathic and 1-methyl-4phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced parkinsonism. In Neuroglia. H. Kettenmann & B.R. Ransom, Eds.: 997-989. New York. Oxford University Press.
    • (1995) Neuroglia , pp. 997-1989
    • Di Monte, D.A.1    Langston, J.W.2
  • 104
    • 0038308447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential effect of nitric oxide on glutathione metabolism and mitochondrial function of astrocytes and neurones: Implications for neuroprotection/neurodegeneration?
    • GEGG, M.E. et al. 2003. Differential effect of nitric oxide on glutathione metabolism and mitochondrial function of astrocytes and neurones: implications for neuroprotection/neurodegeneration? J. Neurochem. 86: 228-237.
    • (2003) J. Neurochem. , vol.86 , pp. 228-237
    • Gegg, M.E.1
  • 105
    • 10744221309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bilirubin protects astrocytes from its own toxicity inducing upregulation and translocation of multigrug resistance-associated protein 1 (Mrp 1)
    • GENNUSO, F. et al. 2004. Bilirubin protects astrocytes from its own toxicity inducing upregulation and translocation of multigrug resistance-associated protein 1 (Mrp 1). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101: 2470-2475.
    • (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.101 , pp. 2470-2475
    • Gennuso, F.1
  • 106
    • 0032979994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Partial blockade of T cell differentiation and marked alteration of the thymic microenvironment in transgenic mice with a dysfunctional glucocorticoid receptor function
    • SACEDON, R. et al. 1999. Partial blockade of T cell differentiation and marked alteration of the thymic microenvironment in transgenic mice with a dysfunctional glucocorticoid receptor function. J. Neuroimmunol. 98: 157-167.
    • (1999) J. Neuroimmunol. , vol.98 , pp. 157-167
    • Sacedon, R.1
  • 107
    • 4043071317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + regulatory T cell compartment
    • + regulatory T cell compartment. J. Immunol. 173: 2227-2230.
    • (2004) J. Immunol. , vol.173 , pp. 2227-2230
    • Polanczyk, M.J.1
  • 108
    • 0033752744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-inflammatory effects of estrogen on microglial activation
    • BRUCE-KELLER, A.J. et al. 2000. Anti-inflammatory effects of estrogen on microglial activation. Endocrinology 141: 3646-3656.
    • (2000) Endocrinology , vol.141 , pp. 3646-3656
    • Bruce-Keller, A.J.1
  • 109
    • 0034332969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Female sex steroids: Effects upon microglial cell activation
    • DREW, P.D. & J.A. CHAVIS. 2000. Female sex steroids: effects upon microglial cell activation. J. Neuroimmunol. 111: 77-85.
    • (2000) J. Neuroimmunol. , vol.111 , pp. 77-85
    • Drew, P.D.1    Chavis, J.A.2
  • 110
    • 0041922555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogen receptor-alpha mediates the brain anti-inflammatory activity of estradiol
    • VEGETO, E. et al. 2003. Estrogen receptor-alpha mediates the brain anti-inflammatory activity of estradiol. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100: 9614-9619.
    • (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.100 , pp. 9614-9619
    • Vegeto, E.1
  • 111
    • 0032589298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sodium salicylate and 17 beta estradiol attenuate nuclera transcription factor NF-κB translocation in cultured rat astroglia cultures following exposure to amyloid beta (1-40) and lipopolisaccharide
    • DODEL, R.C., Y. DU & K.R. BALES. 1999. Sodium salicylate and 17 beta estradiol attenuate nuclera transcription factor NF-κB translocation in cultured rat astroglia cultures following exposure to amyloid beta (1-40) and lipopolisaccharide. J. Neurochem. 73: 1453-1460.
    • (1999) J. Neurochem. , vol.73 , pp. 1453-1460
    • Dodel, R.C.1    Du, Y.2    Bales, K.R.3
  • 112
    • 32244447707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estrogens, neurinflammation, and neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease: Glia dictates resistance versus vulnerability to neurodegeneration
    • In press
    • MORALE, M.C. et al. 2005. Estrogens, neurinflammation, and neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease: glia dictates resistance versus vulnerability to neurodegeneration. Neuroscience. In press.
    • (2005) Neuroscience
    • Morale, M.C.1
  • 113
    • 0032424914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stereological analysis of astrocyte and microglia in the aging mouse hippocampus
    • LONG, J.M. et al. 1998. Stereological analysis of astrocyte and microglia in the aging mouse hippocampus. Neurobiol. Aging 19: 497-503.
    • (1998) Neurobiol. Aging , vol.19 , pp. 497-503
    • Long, J.M.1
  • 114
    • 0027288798 scopus 로고
    • Natural fluctuation and gonadal hormone regulation of astrocyte immunoreactivity in dentate gyrus
    • LUQUIN, S., F. NAFTOLIN & L.M. GARCIA-SEGURA. 1993. Natural fluctuation and gonadal hormone regulation of astrocyte immunoreactivity in dentate gyrus. J. Neurobiol. 24: 913-924.
    • (1993) J. Neurobiol. , vol.24 , pp. 913-924
    • Luquin, S.1    Naftolin, F.2    Garcia-Segura, L.M.3
  • 115
    • 1642308662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of estrogen and raloxifene on neuroglia number and morphology in the hippocampus of aged female mice
    • LEI, D.-L. et al. 2003. Effects of estrogen and raloxifene on neuroglia number and morphology in the hippocampus of aged female mice. Neuroscience 121: 659-666.
    • (2003) Neuroscience , vol.121 , pp. 659-666
    • Lei, D.-L.1
  • 116
    • 0037159620 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age and gender affect microglia and astrocyte number in the brain of mice
    • MOUTON, P.R. 2002. Age and gender affect microglia and astrocyte number in the brain of mice. Brain Res. 956: 30-36.
    • (2002) Brain Res. , vol.956 , pp. 30-36
    • Mouton, P.R.1
  • 118
    • 0031868194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of gender and estrogen on striatal dopamine neurotoxicity
    • MILLER, D.B., S.F. ALI, J.P. O'CALLAGHAN & S.C. LAW. 1998. The impact of gender and estrogen on striatal dopamine neurotoxicity. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 844: 153-165.
    • (1998) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. , vol.844 , pp. 153-165
    • Miller, D.B.1    Ali, S.F.2    O'Callaghan, J.P.3    Law, S.C.4
  • 119
    • 0033567829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of astroglia in estrogen regulation of synaptic plasticty and brain repair
    • GARCIA-SEGURA, L.M. et al. 1999. Role of astroglia in estrogen regulation of synaptic plasticty and brain repair. J. Neurobiol. 40: 574-584.
    • (1999) J. Neurobiol. , vol.40 , pp. 574-584
    • Garcia-Segura, L.M.1
  • 120
    • 2642542373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pro-regenerative properties of cytokine-activated astrocytes
    • LIBERTO, C.M. et al. 2004. Pro-regenerative properties of cytokine-activated astrocytes. J. Neurochem. 89: 1092-1100.
    • (2004) J. Neurochem. , vol.89 , pp. 1092-1100
    • Liberto, C.M.1
  • 121
    • 0344742225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation is detrimental for neurogenesis in the adult brain
    • EKDAL, J.H. et al. 2003. Inflammation is detrimental for neurogenesis in the adult brain. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100: 13632-13637.
    • (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.100 , pp. 13632-13637
    • Ekdal, J.H.1
  • 122
    • 1542317072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactive astrocytes protect tissue and preserve function after spinal cord injury
    • FAULKNER, J.R. 2004. Reactive astrocytes protect tissue and preserve function after spinal cord injury. J. Neurosci. 24: 2143-2155.
    • (2004) J. Neurosci. , vol.24 , pp. 2143-2155
    • Faulkner, J.R.1
  • 123
    • 0345189366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory blockade restores adult hippocampal neurogenesis
    • MONJE, M.L., H. TODA & T.D. PALMER. 2003. Inflammatory blockade restores adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Science 302: 1760-1765.
    • (2003) Science , vol.302 , pp. 1760-1765
    • Monje, M.L.1    Toda, H.2    Palmer, T.D.3
  • 124
    • 0037477629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of innate immunity in the CNS triggers neurode-generation through a Toll-like receptor 4-dependent pathway
    • LEHNARDT, S. et al. 2003. Activation of innate immunity in the CNS triggers neurode-generation through a Toll-like receptor 4-dependent pathway. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100: 8514-8519.
    • (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.100 , pp. 8514-8519
    • Lehnardt, S.1
  • 125
    • 0036132133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular perspectives on selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs): Progress in understanding their tissue-specific agonist and antagonist actions
    • LONARD, D.M. & C.L. SMITH. 2002. Molecular perspectives on selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs): progress in understanding their tissue-specific agonist and antagonist actions. Steroids 67: 15-24.
    • (2002) Steroids , vol.67 , pp. 15-24
    • Lonard, D.M.1    Smith, C.L.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.