메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue 11, 2005, Pages 919-927

New concepts in drug discovery: Collateral efficacy and permissive antagonism

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

1,1' [1,4 PHENYLENEBIS(METHYLENE)]BIS(1,4,8,11 TETRAAZACYCLOTETRADECANE); ANGIOTENSIN DERIVATIVE; ANTI HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AGENT; ARECOLINE; CARBACHOL; CHOLECYSTOKININ RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; G PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTOR; GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE BINDING PROTEIN; LIGAND; N [4 [[[6,7 DIHYDRO 2 (4 METHYLPHENYL) 5H BENZOCYCLOHEPTEN 8 YL]CARBONYL]AMINO]BENZYL] N,N DIMETHYL 2H TETRAHYDROPYRAN 4 AMINIUM CHLORIDE; PARATHYROID HORMONE; PILOCARPINE; T 140; VINBURNINE;

EID: 27844519281     PISSN: 14741776     EISSN: 14741784     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nrd1875     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (290)

References (51)
  • 1
    • 0036463901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy at G-protein-coupled receptors
    • Kenakin, T. P. Efficacy at G-protein-coupled receptors. Nature Rev. Drug Discov. 1, 103-109 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature Rev. Drug Discov. , vol.1 , pp. 103-109
    • Kenakin, T.P.1
  • 2
    • 0010673662 scopus 로고
    • A modification of receptor theory
    • Stephenson, R. P. A modification of receptor theory Br. J. Pharmacol 11, 379-393 (1956).
    • (1956) Br. J. Pharmacol , vol.11 , pp. 379-393
    • Stephenson, R.P.1
  • 3
    • 0036174898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • G protein-coupled receptor interacting proteins: EMerging roles in localization and signal transduction
    • Brady, A. E. & Limbird, L. E. G protein-coupled receptor interacting proteins: Emerging roles in localization and signal transduction. Cellular Signalling. 14, 297-309 (2002).
    • (2002) Cellular Signalling , vol.14 , pp. 297-309
    • Brady, A.E.1    Limbird, L.E.2
  • 4
    • 3042523825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AGS proteins, GPR motifs and the signals processed by heterotrimeric G proteins
    • Lanier, S. M. AGS proteins, GPR motifs and the signals processed by heterotrimeric G proteins. Biol. Cell. 96, 369-372 (2004).
    • (2004) Biol. Cell. , vol.96 , pp. 369-372
    • Lanier, S.M.1
  • 5
    • 0036780743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • G-protein-coupled receptor oligomerization and its potential for drug discovery
    • George, S. R., O'Dowd, B. F. & Lee, S. P. G-protein-coupled receptor oligomerization and its potential for drug discovery. Nature Rev. Drug Discov. 1, 808-820 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature Rev. Drug Discov. , vol.1 , pp. 808-820
    • George, S.R.1    O'Dowd, B.F.2    Lee, S.P.3
  • 6
    • 0032550337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aminooxypentane-RANTES induces CCR5 internalization but inhibits recycling: A novel inhibitory mechanism of hiv infectivity
    • Mack, M. et al. Aminooxypentane-RANTES induces CCR5 internalization but inhibits recycling: A novel inhibitory mechanism of hiv infectivity. J. Exp. Med. 187, 1215-1224 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Exp. Med. , vol.187 , pp. 1215-1224
    • Mack, M.1
  • 7
    • 0037223063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of G protein-coupled receptor kinases and arrestins during receptor desensitization
    • Kohout, T. A. & Lefkowitz, R. J. Regulation of G protein-coupled receptor kinases and arrestins during receptor desensitization Mol. Pharmacol. 63, 9-18 (2003).
    • (2003) Mol. Pharmacol. , vol.63 , pp. 9-18
    • Kohout, T.A.1    Lefkowitz, R.J.2
  • 8
    • 0242384770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation-independent parathyroid hormone receptor internalization is regulated by NHERF1 (EPB50)
    • Sneddon, W. B. et al. Activation-independent parathyroid hormone receptor internalization is regulated by NHERF1 (EPB50). J. Biol. Chem. 278, 43787-43796 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.278 , pp. 43787-43796
    • Sneddon, W.B.1
  • 9
    • 0035101820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolving concepts in G-protein coupled receptor endocytosis: The role in receptor desensitization and signaling
    • Ferguson, S. S. G. Evolving concepts in G-protein coupled receptor endocytosis: The role in receptor desensitization and signaling. Pharmacol. Rev. 53, 1-24 (2001).
    • (2001) Pharmacol. Rev. , vol.53 , pp. 1-24
    • Ferguson, S.S.G.1
  • 10
    • 0030993594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antagonist-stimulated internalization of the G protein-coupled cholecystokinin receptor
    • Roettger, B. F. et al. Antagonist-stimulated internalization of the G protein-coupled cholecystokinin receptor. Mol. Pharmacol. 51, 357-362 (1997).
    • (1997) Mol. Pharmacol. , vol.51 , pp. 357-362
    • Roettger, B.F.1
  • 11
    • 0034723193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agonist-induced phosphorylation of the angiotensin II (AT1A) receptor requires generation of a conformation that is distinct from the inositol phosphate-signaling state
    • Thomas, W. G., Quian, H., Chang, C.-S. & Karnik, S. Agonist-induced phosphorylation of the angiotensin II (AT1A) receptor requires generation of a conformation that is distinct from the inositol phosphate-signaling state. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 2893-2900 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.275 , pp. 2893-2900
    • Thomas, W.G.1    Quian, H.2    Chang, C.-S.3    Karnik, S.4
  • 12
    • 0028598307 scopus 로고
    • Signal transduction by calcitonin: Multiple ligands, receptors and signaling pathways
    • Horne, W. C., Shyu, J.-F., Chakraborthy, M. & Baron, R. Signal transduction by calcitonin: Multiple ligands, receptors and signaling pathways. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 5, 395-401 (1994).
    • (1994) Trends Endocrinol. Metab. , vol.5 , pp. 395-401
    • Horne, W.C.1    Shyu, J.-F.2    Chakraborthy, M.3    Baron, R.4
  • 13
    • 0029054965 scopus 로고
    • Agonist-receptor efficacy II: Agonist-trafficking of receptor signals
    • Kenakin, T. P. Agonist-receptor efficacy II: Agonist-trafficking of receptor signals. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 16, 232-238 (1995).
    • (1995) Trends Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.16 , pp. 232-238
    • Kenakin, T.P.1
  • 14
    • 0033663775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of stimulus-biased assay systems to detect agonist-specific receptor active states: Implications for the trafficking of receptor stimulus by agonists
    • Watson, C., Chen, G., Irving, P. E., Way, J., Chen, W.-J. & Kenakin, T. P. The use of stimulus-biased assay systems to detect agonist-specific receptor active states: Implications for the trafficking of receptor stimulus by agonists. Mol. Pharmacol. 58, 1230-1238 (2000).
    • (2000) Mol. Pharmacol. , vol.58 , pp. 1230-1238
    • Watson, C.1    Chen, G.2    Irving, P.E.3    Way, J.4    Chen, W.-J.5    Kenakin, T.P.6
  • 15
    • 0043235844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ligand-selective receptor conformations revisited: The promise and the problem
    • Kenakin, T. P. Ligand-selective receptor conformations revisited: The promise and the problem. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 24, 346-354 (2003).
    • (2003) Trends Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.24 , pp. 346-354
    • Kenakin, T.P.1
  • 16
    • 0036177114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy at G protein coupled receptors
    • Kenakin, T. P. Efficacy at G protein coupled receptors. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 42, 349-379 (2002).
    • (2002) Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. , vol.42 , pp. 349-379
    • Kenakin, T.P.1
  • 17
    • 0019790028 scopus 로고
    • Conformational changes and drug action
    • Burgen, A. S. V. Conformational changes and drug action. Fed. Proc. 40, 2723-2728 (1966).
    • (1966) Fed. Proc. , vol.40 , pp. 2723-2728
    • Burgen, A.S.V.1
  • 18
    • 0036591660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ligand paradox between affinity and efficacy: Can you be there and not make a difference?
    • Kenakin, T. P. & Onaran, O. The ligand paradox between affinity and efficacy: Can you be there and not make a difference? Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 23, 275-280 (2002).
    • (2002) Trends Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.23 , pp. 275-280
    • Kenakin, T.P.1    Onaran, O.2
  • 19
    • 20844434337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A FIAsH FRET approach to determine G protein-coupled receptor activation in living cells
    • Hoffmann, C. et al. A FIAsH FRET approach to determine G protein-coupled receptor activation in living cells. Nature Methods 2, 171-176 (2005).
    • (2005) Nature Methods , vol.2 , pp. 171-176
    • Hoffmann, C.1
  • 20
    • 18744376919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-time monitoring of receptor/G-protein interactions in living cells
    • Gales, C. et al. Real-time monitoring of receptor/G-protein interactions in living cells. Nature Methods 2, 177-184 (2005).
    • (2005) Nature Methods , vol.2 , pp. 177-184
    • Gales, C.1
  • 21
    • 1842333847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Positive cooperativity of acetylcholine and other agonists with allosteric ligands on muscarinic acetylcholine receptors
    • Jakubic, J., Bacakova, L., Lisa, V., El-Fakahany, E. E. & Tucek, S. Positive cooperativity of acetylcholine and other agonists with allosteric ligands on muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Mol. Pharmacol. 52, 172-179 (1997).
    • (1997) Mol. Pharmacol. , vol.52 , pp. 172-179
    • Jakubic, J.1    Bacakova, L.2    Lisa, V.3    El-Fakahany, E.E.4    Tucek, S.5
  • 22
    • 0030002637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 entry cofactor: Functional cDNA cloning of a seven-transmembrane, G protein-coupled receptor
    • Feng, Y., Broder, C. C., Kennedy, P. E. & Berger, E. A. HIV-1 entry cofactor: Functional cDNA cloning of a seven-transmembrane, G protein-coupled receptor. Science 272, 872-877 (1996).
    • (1996) Science , vol.272 , pp. 872-877
    • Feng, Y.1    Broder, C.C.2    Kennedy, P.E.3    Berger, E.A.4
  • 23
    • 0037428443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of allosteric peptide agonists of CXCR4
    • Sachpatzidis, A. et al. Identification of allosteric peptide agonists of CXCR4. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 896-907 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.278 , pp. 896-907
    • Sachpatzidis, A.1
  • 24
    • 0029758113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defects of B-cell lymphopoiesis and bone-marrow myelopoiesis in mice lacking the CXC chemokine PBSF/SDF-1
    • Nagasaw, T. et al. Defects of B-cell lymphopoiesis and bone-marrow myelopoiesis in mice lacking the CXC chemokine PBSF/SDF-1. Nature 382, 635-638 (1996).
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 635-638
    • Nagasaw, T.1
  • 25
    • 0032508033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The chemokine receptor CXCR4 is essential for vascularization of the gastrointestinal tract
    • Tachibana, K. et al. The chemokine receptor CXCR4 is essential for vascularization of the gastrointestinal tract. Nature 393, 591-594 (1998).
    • (1998) Nature , vol.393 , pp. 591-594
    • Tachibana, K.1
  • 26
    • 0032507962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Function of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 in haematopoiesis and in cerebellar development
    • Zou, Y. R., Kottmann, A. H., Kuroda, M., Taniuchi, I. & Littman, D. R. Function of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 in haematopoiesis and in cerebellar development. Nature 393, 595-599 (1998).
    • (1998) Nature , vol.393 , pp. 595-599
    • Zou, Y.R.1    Kottmann, A.H.2    Kuroda, M.3    Taniuchi, I.4    Littman, D.R.5
  • 27
    • 17344366950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single and multiple dose escalation study to investigate the safety, pharmacokinetics, and receptor binding of 873140, a novel CCR5 receptor antagonist, in healthy subjects
    • 11th Conf. Retroviruses Opportunistic Infect. (San Francisco, Abs. 139)
    • Demarest, J. et al. Single and multiple dose escalation study to investigate the safety, pharmacokinetics, and receptor binding of 873140, a novel CCR5 receptor antagonist, in healthy subjects. 11th Conf. Retroviruses Opportunistic Infect. (San Francisco, Abs. 139, 2004).
    • (2004)
    • Demarest, J.1
  • 28
    • 27844492991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel CCR5 antagonist, 873140, exhibits potent in vitro anti-HIV activity
    • L. XV International AIDS Conf. Bangkok Intersci. Conf. on Antimicrobial Agents Chemother (Abs. WeOrA1231)
    • Demarest, J., Shibayama S., Ferris, R., Vavro, C., StClair, M. & L. Boone. L. A novel CCR5 antagonist, 873140, exhibits potent in vitro anti-HIV activity. XV International AIDS Conf. Bangkok Intersci. Conf. on Antimicrobial Agents Chemother (Abs. WeOrA1231, 2004).
    • (2004)
    • Demarest, J.1    Shibayama, S.2    Ferris, R.3    Vavro, C.4    St. Clair, M.5    Boone, L.6
  • 29
    • 25844450042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiviral activity and safety of 873140, a novel CCR5 antagonist, during short-term monotheapy in HIV-infected adults
    • Lalezari, J. et al. Antiviral activity and safety of 873140, a novel CCR5 antagonist, during short-term monotheapy in HIV-infected adults. AIDS 19, 1443-1448 (2005)
    • (2005) AIDS , vol.19 , pp. 1443-1448
    • Lalezari, J.1
  • 30
    • 15744391870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The CCR5 receptor-based mechanism of action of 873140, a potent allosteric non-competitive HIV entry-inhibitor
    • Watson, C., Jenkinson, S., Kazmierski., W. & Kenakin, T. P. The CCR5 receptor-based mechanism of action of 873140, a potent allosteric non-competitive HIV entry-inhibitor. Mol. Pharmacol. 67, 1268-1282 (2005).
    • (2005) Mol. Pharmacol. , vol.67 , pp. 1268-1282
    • Watson, C.1    Jenkinson, S.2    Kazmierski, W.3    Kenakin, T.P.4
  • 31
    • 3543144738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spirodiketopiperazine-based CCR5 inhibitor which preserves CC-chemokine/CCR5 interactions and exerts potent activity against R5 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro
    • Maeda. K. et al. Spirodiketopiperazine-based CCR5 inhibitor which preserves CC-chemokine/CCR5 interactions and exerts potent activity against R5 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro. J. Virol. 78, 8654-8662 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Virol. , vol.78 , pp. 8654-8662
    • Maeda, K.1
  • 32
    • 0037404511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the mechanism by which the small molecule CCR5 antagonists SCH-351125 and SCH-350581 inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type-1 entry
    • Tsamis, F. et al. Analysis of the mechanism by which the small molecule CCR5 antagonists SCH-351125 and SCH-350581 inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type-1 entry. J. Virol. 77, 5201-5208 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Virol. , vol.77 , pp. 5201-5208
    • Tsamis, F.1
  • 33
    • 0030779808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of the chemokine receptor CCR5 with its ligands: Multiple domains for HIV-1 gp120 binding and a single domain for chemokine binding
    • Wu, L. et al. Interaction of the chemokine receptor CCR5 with its ligands: Multiple domains for HIV-1 gp120 binding and a single domain for chemokine binding. J. Exp. Med. 186, 1373-1381 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Exp. Med. , vol.186 , pp. 1373-1381
    • Wu, L.1
  • 34
    • 0037799237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The core domain of chemokines binds CCR5 extracellular domains while their amino terminus interacts with the transmembrane helix bundle
    • Blanpain, C. et al. The core domain of chemokines binds CCR5 extracellular domains while their amino terminus interacts with the transmembrane helix bundle. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 5179-5187 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.278 , pp. 5179-5187
    • Blanpain, C.1
  • 35
    • 0032546844 scopus 로고
    • The HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins: Fusogens, antigens, and immunogens
    • Wyatt, R. & Sodroski, J. The HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins: Fusogens, antigens, and immunogens. Science 280, 1884-1888 (1988).
    • (1988) Science , vol.280 , pp. 1884-1888
    • Wyatt, R.1    Sodroski, J.2
  • 37
    • 0037039380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 escape from a small molecule, CCR5-specific entry inhibitor does not involve CXCR4 use
    • Trkola, A. et al. HIV-1 escape from a small molecule, CCR5-specific entry inhibitor does not involve CXCR4 use. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 99, 395-400 (2002).
    • (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.99 , pp. 395-400
    • Trkola, A.1
  • 38
    • 12144289333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic and phenotypic analyses of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 escape form small-molecule CCR inhibitor
    • Kuhmann, S. E. et al. Genetic and phenotypic analyses of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 escape form small-molecule CCR inhibitor J. Virol. 78, 2790-2807 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Virol. , vol.78 , pp. 2790-2807
    • Kuhmann, S.E.1
  • 39
    • 0030749666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-1 coreceptor activity of CCR5 and its inhibition by chemokines: Independence from G-protein signaling and importance of coreceptor down-modulation
    • Alkhatib, G., Locati, M., Kennedy, P. E., Murphy, P. M. & Berger, E. A. HIV-1 coreceptor activity of CCR5 and its inhibition by chemokines: independence from G-protein signaling and importance of coreceptor down-modulation. Virology 234, 340-349 (1997).
    • (1997) Virology , vol.234 , pp. 340-349
    • Alkhatib, G.1    Locati, M.2    Kennedy, P.E.3    Murphy, P.M.4    Berger, E.A.5
  • 40
    • 0032550337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aminooxypentane-RANTES induces CCR5 internalization but inhibits recycling: A novel inhibitory mechanism of HIV infectivity
    • Mack, M. et al. Aminooxypentane-RANTES induces CCR5 internalization but inhibits recycling: A novel inhibitory mechanism of HIV infectivity. J. Exp. Med. 187, 1215-1224 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Exp. Med. , vol.187 , pp. 1215-1224
    • Mack, M.1
  • 42
    • 12844287454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agonist-induced endocytosis of CC chemokine receptor 5 is clathrin dependent
    • Signoret, N. et al. Agonist-induced endocytosis of CC chemokine receptor 5 is clathrin dependent. Mol. Biol. Cell 16, 902-917 (2005).
    • (2005) Mol. Biol. Cell , vol.16 , pp. 902-917
    • Signoret, N.1
  • 43
    • 0032692850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous and antigen-induced production of HIV-inhibitory β-chemokines are associated with AIDS-free status
    • Garzino-Demo, A. et al. Spontaneous and antigen-induced production of HIV-inhibitory β-chemokines are associated with AIDS-free status Proc. Natl Acad. Sci USA 96, 11986-11991 (1999).
    • (1999) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.96 , pp. 11986-11991
    • Garzino-Demo, A.1
  • 44
    • 0031908542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Production of β-chemokines in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection: Evidence that high levels of macrophage inflammatory protein-1β are associated with a decreased risk of HIV risk progression
    • Ullum, H. et al. Production of β-chemokines in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection: Evidence that high levels of macrophage inflammatory protein-1β are associated with a decreased risk of HIV risk progression. J. Infect. Dis. 177, 331-336 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.177 , pp. 331-336
    • Ullum, H.1
  • 45
    • 0034714211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A small molecule antagonist of chemokine receptors CCR1 and CCR3
    • Sabroe, I. et al. A small molecule antagonist of chemokine receptors CCR1 and CCR3. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 25985-25992 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.275 , pp. 25985-25992
    • Sabroe, I.1
  • 46
    • 0019972810 scopus 로고
    • The cholinergic hypothesis of geriatric memory dysfunction
    • Bartus, R. T., Dean, R. L., Beer, B. & Lippa, A. S. The cholinergic hypothesis of geriatric memory dysfunction. Science 217, 408-417 (1982).
    • (1982) Science , vol.217 , pp. 408-417
    • Bartus, R.T.1    Dean, R.L.2    Beer, B.3    Lippa, A.S.4
  • 47
    • 14644420930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interfacial inhibition of macromolecular interactions: Nature's paradigm for drug discovery
    • Pommier, Y. & Cherfils, J. Interfacial inhibition of macromolecular interactions: Nature's paradigm for drug discovery. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 26, 138-145 (2005).
    • (2005) Trends Pharmacol. Sci. , vol.26 , pp. 138-145
    • Pommier, Y.1    Cherfils, J.2
  • 48
    • 4644264129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An integrative biology approach for analysis of drug action in models of human vascular inflammation
    • Kunkel, E. J. et al. An integrative biology approach for analysis of drug action in models of human vascular inflammation. FASEB J. 18, 1279-1281 (2004).
    • (2004) FASEB J. , vol.18 , pp. 1279-1281
    • Kunkel, E.J.1
  • 49
    • 4644356849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid structure-activity and selectivity analysis of kinase inhibitors by BioMap analysis in complex human primary cell-based models
    • Kunkel, E. J. et al. Rapid structure-activity and selectivity analysis of kinase inhibitors by BioMap analysis in complex human primary cell-based models. Assay Drug Dev. Technol. 2, 431-441 (2004).
    • (2004) Assay Drug Dev. Technol. , vol.2 , pp. 431-441
    • Kunkel, E.J.1
  • 50
    • 0023958554 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the affinities of allosteric ligands using radioligand binding and pharmacological null methods
    • Ehlert, F. J. Estimation of the affinities of allosteric ligands using radioligand binding and pharmacological null methods. Mol. Pharmacol. 33, 187-194 (1988).
    • (1988) Mol. Pharmacol. , vol.33 , pp. 187-194
    • Ehlert, F.J.1
  • 51
    • 0021058380 scopus 로고
    • Operational models of pharmacological agonists
    • Black, J. W. & Leff, P. Operational models of pharmacological agonists. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond., B, (Biol.) 220, 141-162 (1983).
    • (1983) Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. B (Biol.) , vol.220 , pp. 141-162
    • Black, J.W.1    Leff, P.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.