메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue 2, 2004, Pages 136-144

Using human neural stem cells to model neurological disease

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DNA; DOUBLE STRANDED RNA; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; MESSENGER RNA; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR; SYNUCLEIN; VIRUS VECTOR;

EID: 0742305862     PISSN: 14710056     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nrg1268     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (67)

References (106)
  • 1
    • 0033051815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effects of creatine in a transgenic animal model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Klivenyi, P. et al. Neuroprotective effects of creatine in a transgenic animal model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nature Med. 5, 347-350 (1999).
    • (1999) Nature Med. , vol.5 , pp. 347-350
    • Klivenyi, P.1
  • 2
    • 0037379650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized sequential trial of creatine in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Groeneveld, G. J. et al. A randomized sequential trial of creatine in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann. Neurol. 53, 437-445 (2003).
    • (2003) Ann. Neurol. , vol.53 , pp. 437-445
    • Groeneveld, G.J.1
  • 3
    • 0031951197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A susceptibility locus for Parkinson's disease maps to chromosome 2p13
    • Gasser, T. et al. A susceptibility locus for Parkinson's disease maps to chromosome 2p13. Nature Genet. 18, 262-265 (1998).
    • (1998) Nature Genet. , vol.18 , pp. 262-265
    • Gasser, T.1
  • 4
    • 0037428241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in the DJ-1 gene associated with autosomal recessive early-onset parkinsonism
    • Bonifati, V. et al. Mutations in the DJ-1 gene associated with autosomal recessive early-onset parkinsonism. Science 299, 256-259 (2003).
    • (2003) Science , vol.299 , pp. 256-259
    • Bonifati, V.1
  • 5
    • 0037077040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxic proteins in neurodegenerative disease
    • Taylor, J. P., Hardy, J. & Fischbeck, K. H. Toxic proteins in neurodegenerative disease. Science 296, 1991-1995 (2002).
    • (2002) Science , vol.296 , pp. 1991-1995
    • Taylor, J.P.1    Hardy, J.2    Fischbeck, K.H.3
  • 6
    • 15844393658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor neurons in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase-deficient mice develop normally but exhibit enhanced cell death after axonal injury
    • Reaume, A. G. et al. Motor neurons in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase-deficient mice develop normally but exhibit enhanced cell death after axonal injury. Nature Genet. 13, 43-47 (1996).
    • (1996) Nature Genet. , vol.13 , pp. 43-47
    • Reaume, A.G.1
  • 7
    • 0028284779 scopus 로고
    • Motor neuron degeneration in mice that express a human Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase mutation
    • Gurney, M. E. et al. Motor neuron degeneration in mice that express a human Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase mutation. Science 264, 1772-1775 (1994).
    • (1994) Science , vol.264 , pp. 1772-1775
    • Gurney, M.E.1
  • 8
    • 0030817291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurofilaments and orthograde transport are reduced in ventral root axons of transgenic mice that express human SOD1 with a G93A mutation
    • Zhang, B., Tu, P., Abtahian, F., Trojanowski, J. Q. & Lee, V. M. Neurofilaments and orthograde transport are reduced in ventral root axons of transgenic mice that express human SOD1 with a G93A mutation. J. Cell Biol. 139, 1307-1315 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Cell Biol. , vol.139 , pp. 1307-1315
    • Zhang, B.1    Tu, P.2    Abtahian, F.3    Trojanowski, J.Q.4    Lee, V.M.5
  • 9
    • 0037022339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Focal loss of the glutamate transporter EAAT2 in a transgenic rat model of SOD1 mutant-mediated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
    • Howland, D. S. et al. Focal loss of the glutamate transporter EAAT2 in a transgenic rat model of SOD1 mutant-mediated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 99, 1604-1609 (2002). Shows that mutant SOD1 can be transgenically expressed in rats, leading to motoneuron death and changes in glial function. However, to obtain a phenotype similar to that of humans requires the insertion of multiple copies of the mutant gene; this is unlike the human disease in which one copy of mutant SOD1 is sufficient to cause ALS.
    • (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.99 , pp. 1604-1609
    • Howland, D.S.1
  • 10
  • 11
    • 0035344211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental models of Parkinson's disease
    • Beal, M. F. Experimental models of Parkinson's disease. Nature Rev. Neurosci. 2, 325-334 (2001).
    • (2001) Nature Rev. Neurosci. , vol.2 , pp. 325-334
    • Beal, M.F.1
  • 12
    • 0022963624 scopus 로고
    • Primate-rodent 3H-MPTP binding differences, and biotransformation of MPTP to a reactive intermediate in vitro
    • Corsini, G. U., Pintus, S., Bocchetta, A., Piccardi, M. P. & Del Zompo, M. Primate-rodent 3H-MPTP binding differences, and biotransformation of MPTP to a reactive intermediate in vitro. J. Neural Transm. Suppl. 22, 55-60 (1986).
    • (1986) J. Neural Transm. Suppl. , vol.22 , pp. 55-60
    • Corsini, G.U.1    Pintus, S.2    Bocchetta, A.3    Piccardi, M.P.4    Del Zompo, M.5
  • 13
    • 0032499264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutations in the parkin gene cause autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism
    • Kitada, T. et al. Mutations in the parkin gene cause autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism. Nature 392, 605-608 (1998).
    • (1998) Nature , vol.392 , pp. 605-608
    • Kitada, T.1
  • 14
    • 0030744876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutation in the α-synuclein gene identified in families with Parkinson's disease
    • Polymeropoulos, M. H. et al. Mutation in the α-synuclein gene identified in families with Parkinson's disease. Science 276, 2045-2047 (1997).
    • (1997) Science , vol.276 , pp. 2045-2047
    • Polymeropoulos, M.H.1
  • 15
    • 0031990490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ala30Pro mutation in the gene encoding α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease
    • Kruger, R. et al. Ala30Pro mutation in the gene encoding α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease. Nature Genet. 18, 106-108 (1998).
    • (1998) Nature Genet. , vol.18 , pp. 106-108
    • Kruger, R.1
  • 16
    • 0034704752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Drosophila model of Parkinson's disease
    • Feany, M. B. & Bender, W. W. A Drosophila model of Parkinson's disease. Nature 404, 394-398 (2000). First fly model of a human neurodegenerative disease. Dopamine neurons were selectively lost and the files had motor deficits.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.404 , pp. 394-398
    • Feany, M.B.1    Bender, W.W.2
  • 17
    • 0034663176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropathology in mice expressing human α-synuclein
    • van der, P. H. et al. Neuropathology in mice expressing human α-synuclein. J. Neurosci. 20, 6021-6029 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Neurosci. , vol.20 , pp. 6021-6029
    • Van Der, P.H.1
  • 18
    • 0034681471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopaminergic loss and inclusion body formation in α-synuclein mice: Implications for neurodegenerative disorders
    • Masliah, E. et al. Dopaminergic loss and inclusion body formation in α-synuclein mice: implications for neurodegenerative disorders. Science 287, 1265-1269 (2000).
    • (2000) Science , vol.287 , pp. 1265-1269
    • Masliah, E.1
  • 19
    • 0037173006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human α-synuclein-harbodng familial Parkinson's disease-linked Ala-53 → Thr mutation causes neurodegenerative disease with α-synuclein aggregation in transgenic mice
    • Lee, M. K. et al. Human α-synuclein-harbodng familial Parkinson's disease-linked Ala-53 → Thr mutation causes neurodegenerative disease with α-synuclein aggregation in transgenic mice. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 99, 8968-8973 (2002).
    • (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.99 , pp. 8968-8973
    • Lee, M.K.1
  • 20
    • 0037118259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal α-synucleinopathy with severe movement disorder in mice expressing A53T human α-synuclein
    • Giasson, B. I. et al. Neuronal α-synucleinopathy with severe movement disorder in mice expressing A53T human α-synuclein. Neuron 34, 521-533 (2002).
    • (2002) Neuron , vol.34 , pp. 521-533
    • Giasson, B.I.1
  • 21
    • 0035017068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity to MPTP is not increased in Parkinson's disease-associated mutant α-synuclein transgenic mice
    • Rathke-Hartlieb, S. et al. Sensitivity to MPTP is not increased in Parkinson's disease-associated mutant α-synuclein transgenic mice. J. Neurochem. 77, 1181-1184 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Neurochem. , vol.77 , pp. 1181-1184
    • Rathke-Hartlieb, S.1
  • 22
    • 0036679197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • α-synucleinopathy and selective dopaminergic neuron loss in a rat lentiviral-based model of Parkinson's disease
    • Lo Bianco, C., Ridet, J. L., Schneider, B. L., Deglon, N. & Aebischer, P. α-synucleinopathy and selective dopaminergic neuron loss in a rat lentiviral-based model of Parkinson's disease. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 99, 10813-10818 (2002).
    • (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.99 , pp. 10813-10818
    • Lo Bianco, C.1    Ridet, J.L.2    Schneider, B.L.3    Deglon, N.4    Aebischer, P.5
  • 23
    • 0036550101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parkinson-like neurodegeneration induced by targeted overexpression of α-synuclein in the nigrostriatal system
    • Kirik, D. et al. Parkinson-like neurodegeneration induced by targeted overexpression of α-synuclein in the nigrostriatal system. J. Neurosci. 22, 2780-2791 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 2780-2791
    • Kirik, D.1
  • 24
    • 0345269757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nigrostriatal α-synucleinopathy induced by viral vector-mediated overexpression of human α-synuclein: A new primate model of Parkinson's disease
    • Kirik, D. et al. Nigrostriatal α-synucleinopathy induced by viral vector-mediated overexpression of human α-synuclein: a new primate model of Parkinson's disease. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 100, 2884-2889 (2003).
    • (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.100 , pp. 2884-2889
    • Kirik, D.1
  • 25
    • 0242300619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • α-synuclein locus triplication causes Parkinson's disease
    • Singleton, A. B. et al. α-synuclein locus triplication causes Parkinson's disease. Science 302, 841 (2003).
    • (2003) Science , vol.302 , pp. 841
    • Singleton, A.B.1
  • 26
    • 0345189364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yeast cells provide insight into α-synuclein biology and pathobiology
    • Outeiro, T. F. & Lindquist, S. Yeast cells provide insight into α-synuclein biology and pathobiology. Science 302, 1772-1775 (2003).
    • (2003) Science , vol.302 , pp. 1772-1775
    • Outeiro, T.F.1    Lindquist, S.2
  • 27
    • 0345189365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yeast genes that enhance the toxicity of a mutant huntingtin fragment or {α}-synuclein
    • Willingham, S., Outeiro, T. F., DeVit, M. J., Lindquist, S. L. & Muchowski, P. J. Yeast genes that enhance the toxicity of a mutant huntingtin fragment or {α}-synuclein. Science 302, 1769-1772 (2003). First paper to use yeast cells to model differences in molecular and cellular changes associated with either huntingtin or synuclein.
    • (2003) Science , vol.302 , pp. 1769-1772
    • Willingham, S.1    Outeiro, T.F.2    DeVit, M.J.3    Lindquist, S.L.4    Muchowski, P.J.5
  • 28
    • 0027480960 scopus 로고
    • A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington's disease chromosomes
    • The Huntington's Disease Collaborative Research Group. A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington's disease chromosomes. Cell 72, 971-983 (1993).
    • (1993) Cell , vol.72 , pp. 971-983
  • 29
    • 16044373842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exon 1 of the HD gene with an expanded CAG repeat is sufficient to cause a progressive neurological phenotype in transgenic mice
    • Mangiarini, L. et al. Exon 1 of the HD gene with an expanded CAG repeat is sufficient to cause a progressive neurological phenotype in transgenic mice. Cell 87, 493-506 (1996).
    • (1996) Cell , vol.87 , pp. 493-506
    • Mangiarini, L.1
  • 30
    • 0033136692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A YAC mouse model for Huntington's disease with full-length mutant huntingtin, cytoplasmic toxicity, and selective striatal neurodegeneration
    • Hodgson, J. G. et al. A YAC mouse model for Huntington's disease with full-length mutant huntingtin, cytoplasmic toxicity, and selective striatal neurodegeneration. Neuron 23, 181-192 (1999).
    • (1999) Neuron , vol.23 , pp. 181-192
    • Hodgson, J.G.1
  • 31
    • 17344363559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Length of huntingtin and its polyglutamine tract influences localization and frequency of intracellular aggregates
    • Martindale, D. et al. Length of huntingtin and its polyglutamine tract influences localization and frequency of intracellular aggregates. Nature Genet. 18, 150-154 (1998).
    • (1998) Nature Genet. , vol.18 , pp. 150-154
    • Martindale, D.1
  • 32
    • 0033168302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular defects and altered gene expression in PC12 cells stably expressing mutant huntingtin
    • Li, S. H., Cheng, A. L., Li, H. & Li, X. J. Cellular defects and altered gene expression in PC12 cells stably expressing mutant huntingtin. J. Neurosci. 19, 5159-5172 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Neurosci. , vol.19 , pp. 5159-5172
    • Li, S.H.1    Cheng, A.L.2    Li, H.3    Li, X.J.4
  • 33
    • 0032847708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nuclear targeting of mutant Huntingtin increases toxicity
    • Peters, M. F. et al. Nuclear targeting of mutant Huntingtin increases toxicity. Mol. Cell Neurosci. 14, 121-128 (1999).
    • (1999) Mol. Cell Neurosci. , vol.14 , pp. 121-128
    • Peters, M.F.1
  • 34
    • 0032938295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Length-dependent gametic CAG repeat instability in the Huntington's disease knock-in mouse
    • Wheeler, V. C. et al. Length-dependent gametic CAG repeat instability in the Huntington's disease knock-in mouse. Hum. Mol. Genet. 8, 115-122 (1999).
    • (1999) Hum. Mol. Genet. , vol.8 , pp. 115-122
    • Wheeler, V.C.1
  • 35
    • 0034194616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mice transgenic for the human Huntington's disease mutation have reduced sensitivity to kainic acid toxicity
    • Morton, A. J. & Leavens, W. Mice transgenic for the human Huntington's disease mutation have reduced sensitivity to kainic acid toxicity. Brain Res. Bull. 52, 51-59 (2000).
    • (2000) Brain Res. Bull. , vol.52 , pp. 51-59
    • Morton, A.J.1    Leavens, W.2
  • 36
    • 0035783947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mice transgenic for exon 1 of the Huntington's disease gene display reduced striatal sensitivity to neurotoxicity induced by dopamine and 6-hydroxydopamine
    • Petersen, A. et al. Mice transgenic for exon 1 of the Huntington's disease gene display reduced striatal sensitivity to neurotoxicity induced by dopamine and 6-hydroxydopamine. Eur. J. Neurosci. 14, 1425-1435 (2001).
    • (2001) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.14 , pp. 1425-1435
    • Petersen, A.1
  • 37
    • 0036254430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maintenance of susceptibility to neurodegeneration following intrastriatal injections of quinolinic acid in a new transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease
    • Petersen, A. et al. Maintenance of susceptibility to neurodegeneration following intrastriatal injections of quinolinic acid in a new transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease. Exp. Neurol. 175, 297-300 (2002).
    • (2002) Exp. Neurol. , vol.175 , pp. 297-300
    • Petersen, A.1
  • 38
    • 0042767651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neocortical neurons cultured from mice with expanded CAG repeats in the huntingtin gene: Unaltered vulnerability to excitotoxins and other insults
    • Snider, B. J. et al. Neocortical neurons cultured from mice with expanded CAG repeats in the huntingtin gene: unaltered vulnerability to excitotoxins and other insults. Neuroscience 120, 617-625 (2003).
    • (2003) Neuroscience , vol.120 , pp. 617-625
    • Snider, B.J.1
  • 39
    • 0037944245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunochemical evidence that human apoB differs when expressed in rodent versus human cells
    • Wang, X. et al. Immunochemical evidence that human apoB differs when expressed in rodent versus human cells. J. Lipid Res. 44, 547-553 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Lipid Res. , vol.44 , pp. 547-553
    • Wang, X.1
  • 40
    • 7344262960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • α-galactosidase transgenic mouse: Heterogeneous gene expression and posttranslational glycosylation in tissues
    • Ishii, S. et al. α-galactosidase transgenic mouse: heterogeneous gene expression and posttranslational glycosylation in tissues. Glycoconj. J. 15, 591-594 (1998).
    • (1998) Glycoconj. J. , vol.15 , pp. 591-594
    • Ishii, S.1
  • 41
    • 0030987612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic influence on neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of adult mice
    • Kempermann, G., Kuhn, H. G. & Gage, F. H. Genetic influence on neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of adult mice. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 94, 10409-10414 (1997).
    • (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.94 , pp. 10409-10414
    • Kempermann, G.1    Kuhn, H.G.2    Gage, F.H.3
  • 42
    • 9844255568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic modification of the phenotypes produced by amyloid precursor protein overexpression in transgenic mice
    • Carlson, G. A. et al. Genetic modification of the phenotypes produced by amyloid precursor protein overexpression in transgenic mice. Hum. Mol. Genet. 6, 1951-1959 (1997).
    • (1997) Hum. Mol. Genet. , vol.6 , pp. 1951-1959
    • Carlson, G.A.1
  • 43
    • 0036366669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mousetrap: What we can learn when the mouse model does not mimic the human disease
    • Elsea, S. H. & Lucas, R. E. The mousetrap: what we can learn when the mouse model does not mimic the human disease. ILAR J. 43, 66-79 (2002).
    • (2002) ILAR J. , vol.43 , pp. 66-79
    • Elsea, S.H.1    Lucas, R.E.2
  • 44
    • 0033834247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Telomere dynamics in cancer progression and prevention: Fundamental differences in human and mouse telomere biology
    • Wright, W. E. & Shay, J. W. Telomere dynamics in cancer progression and prevention: fundamental differences in human and mouse telomere biology. Nature Med. 6, 849-851 (2000).
    • (2000) Nature Med. , vol.6 , pp. 849-851
    • Wright, W.E.1    Shay, J.W.2
  • 45
    • 0030003147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Telomerase activity of normal tissues and neoplasms in rat colon c arcinogenesis induced by methylazoxymethanol acetate and its difference from that of human colonic tissues
    • Yoshimi, N. et al. Telomerase activity of normal tissues and neoplasms in rat colon carcinogenesis induced by methylazoxymethanol acetate and its difference from that of human colonic tissues. Mol. Carcinog. 16, 1-5 (1996).
    • (1996) Mol. Carcinog. , vol.16 , pp. 1-5
    • Yoshimi, N.1
  • 46
    • 0033929434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human neural precursor cells express low levels of telomerase in vitro and show diminishing cell proliferation with extensive axonal outgrowth following transplantation
    • Ostenfeld, T. et al. Human neural precursor cells express low levels of telomerase in vitro and show diminishing cell proliferation with extensive axonal outgrowth following transplantation. Exp. Neurol. 164, 215-226 (2000).
    • (2000) Exp. Neurol. , vol.164 , pp. 215-226
    • Ostenfeld, T.1
  • 47
    • 0027432418 scopus 로고
    • Widespread expression of the human and rat Huntington's disease gene in brain and nonneural tissues
    • Strong, T. V. et al. Widespread expression of the human and rat Huntington's disease gene in brain and nonneural tissues. Nature Genet. 5, 259-265 (1993).
    • (1993) Nature Genet. , vol.5 , pp. 259-265
    • Strong, T.V.1
  • 48
    • 0032851595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased apoptosis of Huntington disease lymphoblasts associated with repeat length-dependent mitochondrial depolarization
    • Sawa, A. et al. Increased apoptosis of Huntington disease lymphoblasts associated with repeat length-dependent mitochondrial depolarization. Nature Med. 5, 1194-1198 (1999).
    • (1999) Nature Med. , vol.5 , pp. 1194-1198
    • Sawa, A.1
  • 49
    • 0035854123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UVB irradiation-induced apoptosis increased in lymphocytes of Huntington's disease patients
    • Jakab, K. et al. UVB irradiation-induced apoptosis increased in lymphocytes of Huntington's disease patients. Neuroreport 12, 1653-1656 (2001).
    • (2001) Neuroreport , vol.12 , pp. 1653-1656
    • Jakab, K.1
  • 50
    • 0027227310 scopus 로고
    • Neoroblastoma: The result of multistep transformation?
    • Tonini, G. P. Neoroblastoma: the result of multistep transformation? Stem Cells 11, 276-282 (1993).
    • (1993) Stem Cells , vol.11 , pp. 276-282
    • Tonini, G.P.1
  • 51
    • 0038444753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The p53 pathway and its inactivation in neuroblastoma
    • Tweddle, D. A. et al. The p53 pathway and its inactivation in neuroblastoma. Cancer Lett. 197, 93-98 (2003).
    • (2003) Cancer Lett. , vol.197 , pp. 93-98
    • Tweddle, D.A.1
  • 52
    • 0034526673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The neuronal survival effects of rasagiline and deprenyl on fetal human and rat ventral mesencephalic neurons in culture
    • Goggi, J. et al. The neuronal survival effects of rasagiline and deprenyl on fetal human and rat ventral mesencephalic neurons in culture. Neuroreport 11, 3937-3941 (2000).
    • (2000) Neuroreport , vol.11 , pp. 3937-3941
    • Goggi, J.1
  • 53
    • 0036468957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overexpression of human [α]-synuclein causes dopamine neuron death in primary human mesencephalic culture
    • Zhou, W., Schaack, J., Zawada, W. M. & Freed, C. R. Overexpression of human [α]-synuclein causes dopamine neuron death in primary human mesencephalic culture. Brain Res. 926, 42-50 (2002).
    • (2002) Brain Res. , vol.926 , pp. 42-50
    • Zhou, W.1    Schaack, J.2    Zawada, W.M.3    Freed, C.R.4
  • 54
    • 0036278335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine-dependent neurotoxicity of α-synuclein: A mechanism for selective neurodegeneration in Parkinson disease
    • Xu, J. et al. Dopamine-dependent neurotoxicity of α-synuclein: a mechanism for selective neurodegeneration in Parkinson disease. Nature Med. 8, 600-606 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature Med. , vol.8 , pp. 600-606
    • Xu, J.1
  • 55
    • 0032491416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocyts
    • Thomson, J. A. et al. Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocyts. Science 282, 1145-1147 (1998).
    • (1998) Science , vol.282 , pp. 1145-1147
    • Thomson, J.A.1
  • 56
    • 0035200623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro differentiation of transplantable neural precursors from human embryonic stem cells
    • Zhang, S. C., Wernig, M., Duncan, I. D., Brustle, O. & Thomson, J. A. In vitro differentiation of transplantable neural precursors from human embryonic stem cells. Nature Biotechnol. 19, 1129-1133 (2001).
    • (2001) Nature Biotechnol. , vol.19 , pp. 1129-1133
    • Zhang, S.C.1    Wernig, M.2    Duncan, I.D.3    Brustle, O.4    Thomson, J.A.5
  • 57
    • 0035203881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural progenitors from human embryonic stem cells
    • Reubinoff, B. E. et al. Neural progenitors from human embryonic stem cells. Nature Biotechnol. 19, 1134-1140 (2001). Together with REF. 56, this paper describes how neural cells can be derived from human ES cells in culture.
    • (2001) Nature Biotechnol. , vol.19 , pp. 1134-1140
    • Reubinoff, B.E.1
  • 58
    • 0032409396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new method for the rapid and long term growth of human neural precursor cells
    • Svendsen, C. N. et al. A new method for the rapid and long term growth of human neural precursor cells. J. Neurosci. Methods 85, 141-153 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Neurosci. Methods , vol.85 , pp. 141-153
    • Svendsen, C.N.1
  • 59
    • 0032837298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro expansion of a multipotent population of human neural progenitor cells
    • Carpenter, M. K. et al. In vitro expansion of a multipotent population of human neural progenitor cells. Exp. Neurol. 156, 265-278 (1999).
    • (1999) Exp. Neurol. , vol.156 , pp. 265-278
    • Carpenter, M.K.1
  • 60
    • 0032994516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation and cloning of multipotential stem cells from the embryonic human CNS and establishment of transplantable human neural stem cell lines by epigenetic stimulation
    • Vescovi, A. L. et al. Isolation and cloning of multipotential stem cells from the embryonic human CNS and establishment of transplantable human neural stem cell lines by epigenetic stimulation. Exp. Neurol. 156, 71-83 (1999).
    • (1999) Exp. Neurol. , vol.156 , pp. 71-83
    • Vescovi, A.L.1
  • 61
    • 0028861802 scopus 로고
    • Transplantation to the rat brain of human neural progenitors that were genetically modified using adenoviruses
    • Sabate, O. et al. Transplantation to the rat brain of human neural progenitors that were genetically modified using adenoviruses. Nature Genet. 9, 256-260 (1995).
    • (1995) Nature Genet. , vol.9 , pp. 256-260
    • Sabate, O.1
  • 62
    • 0026535505 scopus 로고
    • Generation of neurons and astrocytes from isolated cells of the adult mammalian central nervous system
    • Reynolds, B. A. & Weiss, S. Generation of neurons and astrocytes from isolated cells of the adult mammalian central nervous system. Science 255, 1707-1710 (1992).
    • (1992) Science , vol.255 , pp. 1707-1710
    • Reynolds, B.A.1    Weiss, S.2
  • 63
    • 0037971178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene expression in human neural stem cells: Effects of leukemia inhibitory factor
    • Wright, L. S. et al. Gene expression in human neural stem cells: effects of leukemia inhibitory factor. J. Neurochem. 86, 179-195 (2003). Demonstrates the reproducibility and reliability of microarray analysis of human neural stem-cell cultures and their maintainance over time.
    • (2003) J. Neurochem. , vol.86 , pp. 179-195
    • Wright, L.S.1
  • 64
    • 0033534379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a neural stem cell in the adult mammalian central nervous system
    • Johansson, C. B. et al. Identification of a neural stem cell in the adult mammalian central nervous system. Cell 96, 25-34 (1999).
    • (1999) Cell , vol.96 , pp. 25-34
    • Johansson, C.B.1
  • 65
    • 0028895098 scopus 로고
    • FGF-2-responsive neuronal progenitors reside in proliferative and quiescent regions of the adult rodent brain
    • Palmer, T. D., Ray, J. & Gage, F. H. FGF-2-responsive neuronal progenitors reside in proliferative and quiescent regions of the adult rodent brain. Mol. Cell Neurosci. 6, 474-486 (1995).
    • (1995) Mol. Cell Neurosci. , vol.6 , pp. 474-486
    • Palmer, T.D.1    Ray, J.2    Gage, F.H.3
  • 66
    • 0030438734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The adult rat hippocampus contains primordial neural stem cells
    • Palmer, T. D., Takahashi, J. & Gage, F. H. The adult rat hippocampus contains primordial neural stem cells. Mol. Cell Neurosci 8, 389-404 (1997).
    • (1997) Mol. Cell Neurosci. , vol.8 , pp. 389-404
    • Palmer, T.D.1    Takahashi, J.2    Gage, F.H.3
  • 67
    • 15644372867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fibroblast growth factor-2/brain-derived neurotrophic factor-associated maturation of new rfsti neurons generated from adult human subependymal cells
    • Pincus, D. W. et al. Fibroblast growth factor-2/brain-derived neurotrophic factor-associated maturation of new neurons generated from adult human subependymal cells. Ann. Neurol. 43, 576-585 (1998).
    • (1998) Ann. Neurol. , vol.43 , pp. 576-585
    • Pincus, D.W.1
  • 68
    • 0034101536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro neurogenesis by progenitor cells isolated from the adult human hippocampus
    • Roy, N. S. et al. In vitro neurogenesis by progenitor cells isolated from the adult human hippocampus. Nature Med. 6, 271-277 (2000).
    • (2000) Nature Med. , vol.6 , pp. 271-277
    • Roy, N.S.1
  • 69
    • 0037395114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and isolation of multipotential neural progenitor cells from the subcortical white matter of the adult human brain
    • Nunes, M. C. et al. Identification and isolation of multipotential neural progenitor cells from the subcortical white matter of the adult human brain. Nature Med. 9, 439-447 (2003).
    • (2003) Nature Med. , vol.9 , pp. 439-447
    • Nunes, M.C.1
  • 71
    • 0037204598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional specification of rodent and human neurospheres
    • Ostenfeld, T. et al. Regional specification of rodent and human neurospheres. Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. 134, 43-55 (2002).
    • (2002) Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. , vol.134 , pp. 43-55
    • Ostenfeld, T.1
  • 72
    • 0036336528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural stem cell lineages are regionally specified, but not committed, within distinct compartments of the developing brain
    • Hitoshi, S., Tropepe, V., Ekker, M. & van der, K. D. Neural stem cell lineages are regionally specified, but not committed, within distinct compartments of the developing brain. Development 129, 233-244 (2002).
    • (2002) Development , vol.129 , pp. 233-244
    • Hitoshi, S.1    Tropepe, V.2    Ekker, M.3    Van Der, K.D.4
  • 73
    • 0141594644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic and functional differences between multipotent neural and pluripotent embryonic stem cells
    • D'Amour, K. A. & Gage, F. H. Genetic and functional differences between multipotent neural and pluripotent embryonic stem cells. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 100, 11866-11872 (2003).
    • (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.100 , pp. 11866-11872
    • D'Amour, K.A.1    Gage, F.H.2
  • 74
    • 0042025825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human neural stem cells: A new tool for studying cortical development in Down's syndrome
    • Bhattacharyya, A. & Svendsen, C. N. Human neural stem cells: a new tool for studying cortical development in Down's syndrome. Genes Brain Behav. 2, 179-186 (2003).
    • (2003) Genes Brain Behav. , vol.2 , pp. 179-186
    • Bhattacharyya, A.1    Svendsen, C.N.2
  • 75
    • 0033636521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing of CNS cell generation: A programmed sequence of neuron and glial cell production from isolated murine cortical stem cells
    • Qian, X. et al. Timing of CNS cell generation: a programmed sequence of neuron and glial cell production from isolated murine cortical stem cells. Neuron 28, 69-80 (2000).
    • (2000) Neuron , vol.28 , pp. 69-80
    • Qian, X.1
  • 76
    • 0037133212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transgenesis by lentiviral vectors: Lack of gene silencing in mammalian embryonic stem cells and preemplantation embryos
    • Pfeifer, A. Ikawa, M., Dayn, Y. & Verma, I. M. Transgenesis by lentiviral vectors: lack of gene silencing in mammalian embryonic stem cells and preemplantation embryos. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 99, 2140-2145 (2002).
    • (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.99 , pp. 2140-2145
    • Pfeifer, A.1    Ikawa, M.2    Dayn, Y.3    Verma, I.M.4
  • 77
    • 85047696085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transduction of human neural progenitor cells using recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors
    • Wu, P., Ye, Y. & Svendsen, C. N. Transduction of human neural progenitor cells using recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors. Gene Ther. 9, 245-255 (2002).
    • (2002) Gene Ther. , vol.9 , pp. 245-255
    • Wu, P.1    Ye, Y.2    Svendsen, C.N.3
  • 78
    • 0037106092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurospheres modified to produce glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor increase the survival of transplanted dopamine neurons
    • Ostenfeld, T. et al. Neurospheres modified to produce glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor increase the survival of transplanted dopamine neurons. J. Neurosci. Res. 69, 955-965 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.69 , pp. 955-965
    • Ostenfeld, T.1
  • 79
    • 0034202721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lentiviral vectors: Regulated gene expression
    • Kafri, T., van Praag, H., Gage, F. H. & Verma, I. M. Lentiviral vectors: regulated gene expression. Mol. Ther. 1, 516-521 (2000).
    • (2000) Mol. Ther. , vol.1 , pp. 516-521
    • Kafri, T.1    Van Praag, H.2    Gage, F.H.3    Verma, I.M.4
  • 80
    • 0037337299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Site-specific cassette exchange and germline transmission with mouse ES cells expressing phiC31 integrase
    • Belteki, G., Gertsenstein, M., Ow, D. W. & Nagy, A. Site-specific cassette exchange and germline transmission with mouse ES cells expressing phiC31 integrase. Nature Biotechnol. 21, 321-324 (2003). Shows the use of a Streptomyces phage integrase to obtain site-specific transgene integration in mouse ES cells.
    • (2003) Nature Biotechnol. , vol.21 , pp. 321-324
    • Belteki, G.1    Gertsenstein, M.2    Ow, D.W.3    Nagy, A.4
  • 81
    • 0037336820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homologous recombination in human embryonic stem cells
    • Zwaka, T. P. & Thomson, J. A. Homologous recombination in human embryonic stem cells. Nature Biotechnol. 21, 319-321 (2003). Reports the first example of gene insertion through homologous recombination in human embryonic stem cells.
    • (2003) Nature Biotechnol. , vol.21 , pp. 319-321
    • Zwaka, T.P.1    Thomson, J.A.2
  • 82
    • 0141680957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of neurons created from wild-type and Alzheimer's mutation knock-in embryonic stem cells by a highly efficient differentiation protocol
    • Abe, Y. et al. Analysis of neurons created from wild-type and Alzheimer's mutation knock-in embryonic stem cells by a highly efficient differentiation protocol. J. Neurosci. 23, 8513-8525 (2003). One of the first examples to show the utility of stem cells to examine the neuropathology of familial Alzheimer disease using homologous recombination.
    • (2003) J. Neurosci. , vol.23 , pp. 8513-8525
    • Abe, Y.1
  • 83
    • 0037176537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal target genes of the neuron-restrictive silencer factor in neurospheres derived from fetuses with Down's syndrome: A gene expression study
    • Bahn, S. et al. Neuronal target genes of the neuron-restrictive silencer factor in neurospheres derived from fetuses with Down's syndrome: a gene expression study. Lancet 359, 310-315 (2002). Shows that neural stem calls can be derived and successfully cultured from human tissue that carries a mutation that is inherited naturally through the germline. Furthermore, gene-expression analysis showed previously unknown changes in the expression of genes that are crucial for cortical development.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 310-315
    • Bahn, S.1
  • 84
    • 0036570209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fragile X syndrome, the Fragile X related proteins, and animal models
    • Hoogeveen, A. T., Willemsen, R. & Oostra, B. A. Fragile X syndrome, the Fragile X related proteins, and animal models. Microsc. Res. Tech. 57, 148-155 (2002).
    • (2002) Microsc. Res. Tech. , vol.57 , pp. 148-155
    • Hoogeveen, A.T.1    Willemsen, R.2    Oostra, B.A.3
  • 85
    • 0037047320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells into motor neurons
    • Wichterle, H., Lieberam, I., Porter, J. A. & Jessell, T. M. Directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells into motor neurons. Cell 110, 385-397 (2002).
    • (2002) Cell , vol.110 , pp. 385-397
    • Wichterle, H.1    Lieberam, I.2    Porter, J.A.3    Jessell, T.M.4
  • 86
    • 0034076161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor neurons in culture as a model to study ALS
    • Silani, V., Braga, M., Ciammola, A., Cardin, V. & Scarlato, G. Motor neurons in culture as a model to study ALS. J. Neurol. 247 (Suppl 1), 128-136 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Neurol. , vol.247 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 128-136
    • Silani, V.1    Braga, M.2    Ciammola, A.3    Cardin, V.4    Scarlato, G.5
  • 88
    • 0345269737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disruption of glial glutamate transport by reactive oxygen species produced in motor neurons
    • Rao, S. D., Yin, H. Z. & Weiss, J. H. Disruption of glial glutamate transport by reactive oxygen species produced in motor neurons. J. Neurosci. 23, 2627-2633 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Neurosci. , vol.23 , pp. 2627-2633
    • Rao, S.D.1    Yin, H.Z.2    Weiss, J.H.3
  • 89
    • 0035023474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth factors regulate the survival and fate of cells derived from human neurospheres
    • Caldwell, M. A. et al. Growth factors regulate the survival and fate of cells derived from human neurospheres. Nature Biotechnol. 19, 475-479 (2001).
    • (2001) Nature Biotechnol. , vol.19 , pp. 475-479
    • Caldwell, M.A.1
  • 90
    • 0036797552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired dopamine storage resulting from α-synuclein mutations may contribute to the pathogenesis of Pakinson's disease
    • Lotharius, J. & Brundin, P. Impaired dopamine storage resulting from α-synuclein mutations may contribute to the pathogenesis of Pakinson's disease. Hum. Mol. Genet. 11, 2395-2407 (2002).
    • (2002) Hum. Mol.m Genet. , vol.11 , pp. 2395-2407
    • Lotharius, J.1    Brundin, P.2
  • 91
    • 0035504331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of the Huntington's disease transgene in neural stem cell cultures from R6/2 transgenic mice
    • Chu-LaGraff, Q., Kang, X. & Messer, A. Expression of the Huntington's disease transgene in neural stem cell cultures from R6/2 transgenic mice. Brain Res. Bull. 56, 307-312 (2001).
    • (2001) Brain Res. Bull. , vol.56 , pp. 307-312
    • Chu-LaGraff, Q.1    Kang, X.2    Messer, A.3
  • 92
    • 9444286388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of normal and mutant huntingtin in the developing brain
    • Bhide, P. G. et al. Expression of normal and mutant huntingtin in the developing brain. J. Neurosci. 16, 5523-5535 (1996).
    • (1996) J. Neurosci. , vol.16 , pp. 5523-5535
    • Bhide, P.G.1
  • 93
    • 0033771298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Huntington disease in children: Genotype-phenotype correlation
    • Rasmussen, A. et al. Huntington disease in children: genotype-phenotype correlation. Neuropediatrics 31, 190-194 (2000).
    • (2000) Neuropediatrics , vol.31 , pp. 190-194
    • Rasmussen, A.1
  • 94
    • 0037131389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Stemness': Transcriptional profiling of embryonic and adult stem cells
    • Ramalho-Santos, M., Yoon, S., Matsuzaki, Y., Mulligan, R. C. & Melton, D. A. 'Stemness': transcriptional profiling of embryonic and adult stem cells. Science 298, 597-600 (2002).
    • (2002) Science , vol.298 , pp. 597-600
    • Ramalho-Santos, M.1    Yoon, S.2    Matsuzaki, Y.3    Mulligan, R.C.4    Melton, D.A.5
  • 95
    • 0037130961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A stem cell molecular signature
    • Ivanova, N. B. et al. A stem cell molecular signature. Science 298, 601-604 (2002). Together with REF. 94, this paper has fuelled a discussion about how to detect basal gene expression that is specific to stem-cell populations (see REFS 95-99). The discussion has shown the complexity of ascertaining global gene expression in cell populations.
    • (2002) Science , vol.298 , pp. 601-604
    • Ivanova, N.B.1
  • 96
    • 0242272438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comment on "Stemness': Transcriptional profiling of embryonic and adult stem cells' and 'a stem cell molecular signature'
    • Evsikov, A. V. & Solter, D. Comment on "Stemness': transcriptional profiling of embryonic and adult stem cells' and 'a stem cell molecular signature'. Science 302, 393 (2003).
    • (2003) Science , vol.302 , pp. 393
    • Evsikov, A.V.1    Solter, D.2
  • 97
    • 0242367242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comment on "Stemness': Transcriptional profiling of embryonic and adult stem cells' and 'a stem cell molecular signature'
    • Fortunel, N. O. et al. Comment on "Stemness': transcriptional profiling of embryonic and adult stem cells' and 'a stem cell molecular signature'. Science 302, 393 (2003).
    • (2003) Science , vol.302 , pp. 393
    • Fortunel, N.O.1
  • 98
    • 0142052965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stem cells. 'Stemness' genes still elusive
    • Vogel, G. Stem cells. 'Stemness' genes still elusive. Science 302, 371 (2003).
    • (2003) Science , vol.302 , pp. 371
    • Vogel, G.1
  • 99
    • 17744370294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A genetic analysis of neural progenitor differentiation
    • Geschwind, D. H. et al. A genetic analysis of neural progenitor differentiation. Neuron 29, 325-339 (2001).
    • (2001) Neuron , vol.29 , pp. 325-339
    • Geschwind, D.H.1
  • 100
    • 0037195087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural stem cell heterogeneity demonstrated by molecular phenotyping of clonal neurospheres
    • Suslov, O. N., Kukekov, V. G., Ignatova, T. N. & Steindler, D. A. Neural stem cell heterogeneity demonstrated by molecular phenotyping of clonal neurospheres. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 99, 14506-14511 (2002).
    • (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.99 , pp. 14506-14511
    • Suslov, O.N.1    Kukekov, V.G.2    Ignatova, T.N.3    Steindler, D.A.4
  • 101
    • 0034589749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural stem cells in the developing central nervous system: Implications for cell therapy through transplantation
    • Svendsen, C. N. & Caldwell, M. A. Neural stem cells in the developing central nervous system: implications for cell therapy through transplantation. Prog. Brain Res. 127, 13-34 (2000).
    • (2000) Prog. Brain Res. , vol.127 , pp. 13-34
    • Svendsen, C.N.1    Caldwell, M.A.2
  • 102
    • 0025967286 scopus 로고
    • Transplants of mouse trisomy 16 hippocampus provide a model of Alzheimer's disease neuropathology
    • Richards, S.-J. et al. Transplants of mouse trisomy 16 hippocampus provide a model of Alzheimer's disease neuropathology. EMBO J. 10, 297-303 (1991).
    • (1991) EMBO J. , vol.10 , pp. 297-303
    • Richards, S.-J.1
  • 103
    • 0035491316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US stem cell policy comes under fire
    • Fletcher, L. US stem cell policy comes under fire. Nature Biotechnol. 19, 893-894 (2001).
    • (2001) Nature Biotechnol. , vol.19 , pp. 893-894
    • Fletcher, L.1
  • 105
    • 0038670355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stem cells: Still here, still waiting
    • Kennedy, D. Stem cells: still here, still waiting. Science 300, 865 (2003).
    • (2003) Science , vol.300 , pp. 865
    • Kennedy, D.1
  • 106
    • 0242668748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disease insights from stem cells
    • Disease insights from stem cells. Nature 422, 787 (2003).
    • (2003) Nature , vol.422 , pp. 787


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.