Human mediator enhances activator-facilitated recruitment of RNA polymerase II and promoter recognition by TATA-binding protein (TBP) independently of TBP-associated factors

Molecular and Cellular Biology

Volumn 23, Issue 17, 2003, Pages 6229-6242

  Wu, Shwu Yuan ^a   Zhou, Tianyuan ^a,b   Chiang, Cheng Ming ^a  

^a CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MEDIATOR P.5 COFACTOR; MEDIATOR P.85 COFACTOR; RNA POLYMERASE II; TATA BINDING PROTEIN; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ARTICLE; COMPLEX FORMATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; MEDIATOR; MOLECULAR MECHANICS; MOLECULAR RECOGNITION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; PROTEIN ISOLATION; TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION; TRANSCRIPTION REGULATION;

CELLS, CULTURED; CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASES; DEOXYRIBONUCLEASE I; HUMANS; IMMEDIATE-EARLY PROTEINS; MEMBRANE PROTEINS; PROMOTER REGIONS (GENETICS); PROTEIN ISOFORMS; RECOMBINANT PROTEINS; REPRESSOR PROTEINS; RNA POLYMERASE II; TATA-BINDING PROTEIN ASSOCIATED FACTORS; TATA-BOX BINDING PROTEIN; TRANS-ACTIVATION (GENETICS); TRANS-ACTIVATORS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR TFIID; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; TRANSCRIPTION, GENETIC;

EID: 0042470532     PISSN: 02707306     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/MCB.23.17.6229-6242.2003     Document Type: Article

References (100)

1. Acevedo, M. L., and W. L. Kraus. 2003. Mediator and p300/CBP-steroid receptor coactivator complexes have distinct roles, but function synergistically, during estrogen receptor α-dependent transcription with chromatin templates. Mol. Cell. Biol. 23:335-348.
2. Agalioti, T., G. Chen, and D. Thanos. 2002. Deciphering the transcriptional histone acetylation code for a human gene. Cell 111:381-392.
3. Akoulitchev, S., S. Chuikov, and D. Reinberg. 2000. TFIIH is negatively regulated by cdk8-containing mediator complexes. Nature 407:102-106.
4. Asturias, F. J., Y. W. Jiang, L. C. Myers, C. M. Gustafsson, and R. D. Kornberg. 1999. Conserved structures of Mediator and RNA polymerase II holoenzyme. Science 283:985-987.
5. IIs. Mol. Cell. Biol. 22:2842-2852.
6. Borggrefe, T., R. Davis, II. Erdjument-Bromage, P. Tempst, and R. D. Kornberg. 2002. A complex of the Srb8, -9, -10, and -11 transcriptional regulatory proteins from yeast. J. Biol. Chem. 277:44202-44207.
7. Boube, M., L. Joulia, D. L. Cribbs, and H.-M. Bourbon. 2002. Evidence for a mediator of RNA polymerase II transcriptional regulation conserved from yeast to man. Cell 110:143-151.
8. Boyer, T. G., M. E. D. Martin, E. Lees, R. P. Ricciardi, and A. J. Berk. 1999. Mammalian Srb/Mediator complex is targeted by adenovirus E1A protein. Nature 399:276-279.
9. II60 of Drosophila. Genes Dev. 11:3020-3031.
10. Chang, M., and J. A. Jaehning. 1997. A multiplicity of mediators: alternative forms of transcription complexes communicate with transcriptional regulators. Nucleic Acids Res. 25:4861-4865.
11. II31 suggests both functional degeneracy and evolutionary divergence. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20:5064-5076.
12. Chiang, C.-M., H. Ge, Z. Wang, A. Hoffmann, and R. G. Roeder. 1993. Unique TATA-binding protein-containing complexes and cofactors involved in transcription by RNA polymerases II and III. EMBO J. 12:2749-2762.
13. Chiang, C.-M., and R. G. Roeder. 1993. Expression and purification of general transcription factors by FLAG epitope-tagging and peptide elution. Peptide Res. 6:62-64.
14. Chiang, C.-M., and R. G. Roeder. 1995. Cloning of an intrinsic human TFIID subunit that interacts with multiple transcriptional activators. Science 267:531-536.
15. Cosma, M. P., S. Panizza, and K. Nasmyth. 2001. Cdk1 triggers association of RNA polymerase to cell cycle promoters only after recruitment of the Mediator by SBF. Mol. Cell 7:1213-1220.
16. Davis, J. A., Y. Takagi, R. D. Kornberg, and F. J. Asturias. 2002. Structure of the yeast RNA polymerase II holoenzyme: mediator conformation and polymerase interaction. Mol. Cell 10:409-415.
17. Dignam, J. D., R. M. Lebovitz, and R. G. Roeder. 1983. Accurate transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II in a soluble extract from isolated mammalian nuclei. Nucleic Acids Res. 11:1475-1489.
18. II250 is a bipartite protein kinase that phosphorylates the basal transcription factor RAP74. Cell 84:781-790.
19. Dorris, D. R., and K. Struhl. 2000. Artificial recruitment of TFIID, but not RNA polymerase II holoenzyme, activates transcription in mammalian cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20:4350-4358.
20. Dotson, M. R., C. X. Yuan, R. G. Roeder, L. C. Myers, C. M. Gustafsson, Y. W. Jiang, Y. Li, R. D. Kornberg, and F. J. Asturias. 2000. Structural organization of yeast and mammalian mediator complexes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97:14307-14310.
21. Fondell, J. D., F. Brunel, K. Hisatake, and R. G. Roeder. 1996. Unliganded thyroid hormone receptor α can target TATA-binding protein for transcriptional repression. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:281-287.
22. Fondell, J. D., M. Guermah, S. Malik, and R. G. Roeder. 1999. Thyroid hormone receptor-associated proteins and general positive cofactors mediate thyroid hormone receptor function in the absence of the TATA box-binding protein-associated factors of TFIID. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96:1959-1964.
23. II05 in ovarian development. Science 293:2084-2087.
24. Ge, H., and R. G. Roeder. 1994. Purification, cloning, and characterization of a human coactivator, PC4, that mediates transcriptional activation of class II genes. Cell 78:513-523.
25. Ge, K., M. Guermah, C.-X. Yuan, M. Ito, A. E. Wallberg, B. M. Spiegelman, and R. G. Roeder. 2002. Transcription coactivator TRAP220 is required for PPARγ2-stimulated adipogenesis. Nature 417:563-567.
26. II110 component of the Drosophila TFIID complex and mediates transcriptional activation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:192-196.
27. Gim, B. S., J. M. Park, J. H. Yoon, C. Kang, and Y.-J. Kim. 2001. Drosophila Med6 is required for elevated expression of a large but distinct set of developmentally regulated genes. Mol. Cell. Biol. 21:5242-5255.
28. Gu, J.-Y.,J. M. Park, E. J. Song, G. Mizuguchi, J. H. Yoon, J. Kim-Ha, K.-J. Lee, and Y.-J. Kim. 2002. Novel mediator proteins of the small mediator complex in Drosophila SL2 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 277:27154-27161.
29. Gu, W., S. Malik, M. Ito, C.-X. Yuan, J. D. Fondell, X. Zhang, E. Martinez, J. Qin, and R. G. Roeder. 1999. A novel human SRB/MED-containing cofactor complex, SMCC, involved in transcription regulation. Mol. Cell 3:97-108.
30. II functions that suggest a dynamic TFIID structure and elicit synergy with TRAPs in activator-induced transcription. Mol. Cell. Biol. 21:6882-6894.
31. Hassan, A. H., P. Prochasson, K. E. Neely, S. C. Galasinski, M. Chandy, M. J. Carrozza, and J. L. Workman. 2002. Function and selectivity of bromodomains in anchoring chromatin-modifying complexes to promoter nucleosomes. Cell 111:369-379.
32. Hengartner, C. J., V. E. Myer, S. M. Liao, C. J. Wilson, S. S. Koh, and R. A. Young. 1998. Temporal regulation of RNA polymerase II by Srb10 and Kin28 cyclin-dependent kinases. Mol. Cell 2:43-53.
33. Hoey, T., R. O. Weinzierl, G. Gill, J.-L. Chen, B. D. Dynlacht, and R. Tjian. 1993. Molecular cloning and functional analysis of Drosophila TAF110 reveal properties expected of coactivators. Cell 72:247-260.
34. Holstege, F. C. P., E. G. Jennings, J. J. Wyrick, T. I. Lee, C. J. Hengartner, M. R. Green, T. R. Golub, E. S. Lander, and R. A. Young. 1998. Dissecting the regulatory circuitry of a eukaryotic genome. Cell 95:717-728.
35. Hou, S. Y., S.-Y. Wu, T. Zhou, M. C. Thomas, and C.-M. Chiang. 2000. Alleviation of human papillomavirus E2-mediated transcriptional repression via formation of a TATA binding protein (or TFIID)-TFIIB-RNA polymerase II-TFIIF preinitiation complex. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20:113-125.
36. Hou, S. Y., S.-Y. Wu, and C.-M. Chiang. 2002. Transcriptional activity among high and low risk human papillomavirus E2 proteins correlates with E2 DNA binding. J. Biol. Chem. 277:45619-45629.
37. Ito, M., H. J. Okano, R. B. Darnell, and R. G. Roeder. 2002. The TRAP100 component of the TRAP/Mediator complex is essential in broad transcriptional events and development. EMBO J. 21:3464-3475.
38. Ito, M., C.-X. Yuan, S. Malik, W. Gu, J. D. Fondell, S. Yamamura, Z.-Y. Fu, X. Zhang, J. Qin, and R. G. Roeder. 1999. Identity between TRAP and SMCC complexes indicates novel pathways for the function of nuclear receptors and diverse mammalian activators. Mol. Cell 3:361-370.
39. Ito, M., C.-X. Yuan, H. J. Okano, R. B. Darnell, and R. G. Roeder. 2000. Involvement of the TRAP220 component of the TRAP/SMCC coactivator complex in embryonic development and thyroid hormone action. Mol. Cell 5:683-693.
40. Jiang, Y. W., P. Veschambre, H. Erdjument-Bromage, P. Tempst, J. W. Conaway, R. C. Conaway, and R. D. Kornberg. 1998. Mammalian mediator of transcriptional regulation and its possible role as an end-point of signal transduction pathways. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:8538-8543.
41. Johnson, K. M., J. Wang, A. Smallwood, C. Arayata, and M. Carey. 2002. TFIID and human mediator coactivator complexes assemble cooperatively on promoter DNA. Genes Dev. 16:1852-1863.
42. Kaiser, K., and M. Meisterernst. 1996. The human general co-factors. Trends Biochem. Sci. 21:342-345.
43. Kaiser, K., G. Stelzer, and M. Meisterernst. 1995. The coactivator p15 (PC4) initiates transcriptional activation during TFIIA-TFIID-promoter complex formation. EMBO J. 14:3520-3527.
44. Kang, J. S., S. H. Kim, M. S. Hwang, S. J. Han, Y. C. Lee, and Y.-J. Kim. 2001. The structural and functional organization of the yeast Mediator complex. J. Biol. Chem. 276:42003-42010.
45. Kershnar, E., S.-Y. Wu, and C.-M. Chiang. 1998. Immunoaffinity purification and functional characterization of human transcription factor IIH and RNA polymerase II from clonal cell lines that conditionally express epitope-tagged subunits of the multiprotein complexes. J. Biol. Chem. 273:34444-34453.
46. Kim, Y.-J., S. Björklund, Y. Li, M. H. Sayre, and R. D. Kornberg. 1994. A multiprotein mediator of transcriptional activation and its interaction with the C-terminal repeat domain of RNA polymerase II. Cell 77:599-608.
47. Koleske, A. J., and R. A. Young. 1994. An RNA polymerase II holoenzyme responsive to activators. Nature 368:466-469.
48. Komarnitsky, P. B., B. Michel, and S. Buratowski. 1999. TFIID-specific yeast TAF40 is essential for the majority of RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription in vivo. Genes Dev. 13:2484-2489.
49. Kretzschmar, M., K. Kaiser, F. Lottspeich, and M. Meisterernst. 1994. A novel mediator of class II gene transcription with homology to viral immediate-early transcriptional regulators. Cell 78:525-534.
50. Kuras, L., P. Kosa, M. Mencia, and K. Struhl. 2000. TAF-containing and TAF-independent forms of transcriptionally active TBP in vivo. Science 288:1244-1248.
51. Kwon, J. Y., J. M. Park, B. S. Gim, S. J. Han, J. Lee, and Y.-J. Kim. 1999. Caenorhabditis elegans mediator complexes are required for developmental-specific transcriptional activation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96:14990-14995.
52. Lee, T. I., and R. A. Young. 2000. Transcription of eukaryotic protein-coding genes. Annu. Rev. Genet. 34:77-137.
53. Lemon, B., C. Inouye, D. S. King, and R. Tjian. 2001. Selectivity of chromatin-remodelling cofactors for ligand-activated transcription. Nature 414:924-928.
54. Li, X.-Y., S. R. Bhaumik, and M. R. Green. 2000. Distinct classes of yeast promoters revealed by differential TAF recruitment. Science 288:1242-1244.
55. Lin, Y.-S., and M. R. Green. 1991. Mechanism of action of an acidic transcriptional activator in vitro. Cell 64:971-981.
56. Liu, Y., J. A. Ranish, R. Aebersold, and S. Hahn. 2001. Yeast nuclear extract contains two major forms of RNA polymerase II mediator complexes. J. Biol. Chem. 276:7169-7175.
57. Malik, S., W. Gu, W. Wu, J. Qin, and R. G. Roeder. 2000. The USA-derived transcriptional coactivator PC2 is a submodule of TRAP/SMCC and acts synergistically with other PCs. Mol. Cell 5:753-760.
58. Malik, S., M. Guermah, and R. G. Roeder. 1998. A dynamic model for PC4 coactivator function in RNA polymerase II transcription. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:2192-2197.
59. Malik, S., and R. G. Roeder. 2000. Transcriptional regulation through Mediator like coactivators in yeast and metazoan cells. Trends Biochem. Sci. 25:277-283.
60. Mencia, M., Z. Moqtaderi, J. V. Geisberg, L. Kuras, and K. Struhl. 2002. Activator-specific recruitment of TFIID and regulation of ribosomal protein genes in yeast. Mol. Cell 9:823-833.
61. II30 is required for cell cycle progression and specific cellular differentiation programmes. EMBO J. 18:4823-4834.
62. Mittler, G., E. Kremmer, H. T. M. Timmers, and M. Meisterernst. 2001. Novel critical role of a human Mediator complex for basal RNA polymerase II transcription. EMBO Rep. 2:808-813.
63. II250 subunit of TFIID has histone acetyltransferase activity. Cell 87:1261-1270.
64. Moqtaderi, Z., Y. Bai, D. Poon, P. A. Weil, and K. Struhl. 1996. TBP-associated factors are not generally required for transcriptional activation in yeast. Nature 383:188-191.
65. Morgenstern, J. P., and H. Land. 1990. Advanced mammalian gene transfer: high titre retroviral vectors with multiple drug selection markers and a complementary helper-free packaging cell line. Nucleic Acids Res. 18:3587-3596.
66. Myers, L. C., C. M. Gustafsson, D. A. Bushnell, M. Lui, H. Erdjument-Bromage, P. Tempst, and R. D. Kornberg. 1998. The Med proteins of yeast and their function through the RNA polymerase II carboxy-terminal domain. Genes Dev. 12:45-54.
67. Myers, L. C., and R. D. Kornberg. 2000. Mediator of transcriptional regulation. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 69:729-749.
68. Näar, A. M., P. A. Beaurang, K. M. Robinson, J. D. Oliner, D. Avizonis, S. Scheek, J. Zwicker, J. T. Kadonaga, and R. Tjian. 1998. Chromatin, TAFs, and a novel multiprotein coactivator are required for synergistic activation by Sp1 and SREBP-la in vitro. Genes Dev. 12:3020-3031.
69. Näär, A. M., P. A. Beaurang, S. Zhou, S. Abraham, W. Solomon, and R. Tjian. 1999. Composite co-activator ARC mediates chromatin-directed transcriptional activation. Nature 398:828-832.
70. Näar, A. M., B. D. Lemon, and R. Tjian. 2001. Transcriptional coactivator complexes. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 70:475-501.
71. Näär, A. M., D. J. Taatjes, W. Zhai, E. Nogales, and R. Tjian. 2002. Human CRSP interacts with RNA polymerase II CTD and adopts a specific CTD-bound conformation. Genes Dev. 16:1339-1344.
72. Oelgeschläger, T., C.-M. Chiang, and R. G. Roeder. 1996. Topology and reorganization of a human TFIID-promoter complex. Nature 382:735-738.
73. IIS. Mol. Cell 1:925-931.
74. Park, J. M., B. S. Gim, J. M. Kim, J. H. Yoon, H.-S. Kim, J.-G. Kang, and Y.-J. Kim. 2001. Drosophila mediator complex is broadly utilized by diverse gene-specific transcription factors at different types of core promoters. Mol. Cell. Biol. 21:2312-2323.
75. Park, J. M., J. Werner, J. M. Kim, J. T. Lis, and Y. J. Kim. 2001. Mediator, not holoenzyme, is directly recruited to the heat shock promoter by HSF upon heat shock. Mol. Cell 8:9-19.
76. II250, a mediator of activation of gene expression in Drosophila. Science 289:2357-2360.
77. Rachez, C., and L. P. Freedman. 2001. Mediator complexes and transcription. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 13:274-280.
78. Rachez, C., B. D. Lemon, Z. Suldan, V. Bromleigh, M. Gamble, A. M. Näär, H. Erdjument-Bromage, P. Tempst, and L. P. Freedman. 1999. Ligand-dependent transcription activation by nuclear receptors requires the DRIP complex. Nature 398:824-828.
79. 3 receptor in a ligand-dependent manner and enhances VDR transactivation in a cell-free system. Genes Dev. 12:1787-1800.
80. Ranish, J. A., N. Yudkovsky, and S. Hahn. 1999. Intermediates in formation and activity of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex: holoenzyme recruitment and a postrecruitment role for the TATA box and TFIIB. Genes Dev. 13:49-63.
81. Ryu, S., S. Zhou, A. G. Ladurner, and R. Tjian. 1999. The transcriptional cofactor complex CRSP is required for activity of the enhancer-binding protein Sp1. Nature 397:446-450.
82. Stevens, J. L., G. T. Cantin, G. Wang, A. Shevchenko, A. Shevchenko, and A. J. Berk. 2002. Transcription control by E1A and MAP kinase pathway via Sur2 Mediator subunit. Science 296:755-758.
83. Sun, X., D. Ma, M. Sheldon, K. Yeung, and D. Reinberg. 1994. Reconstitution of human TFIIA activity from recombinant polypeptides: a role in TFIID-mediated transcription. Genes Dev. 8:2336-2348.
84. Sun, X., Y. Zhang, H. Cho, P. Rickert, E. Lees, W. Lane, and D. Reinberg. 1998. NAT, a human complex containing Srb polypeptides that functions as a negative regulator of activated transcription. Mol. Cell 2:213-222.
85. Taatjes, D. J., A. M. Näär, F. Andel III, E. Nogales, and R. Tjian. 2002. Structure, function, and activator-induced conformations of the CRSP coactivator. Science 295:1058-1062.
86. Thompson, N. E., D. B. Aronson, and R. R. Burgess. 1990. Purification of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II by immunoaffinity chromatography. Elution of active enzyme with protein stabilizing agents from a polyol-responsive monoclonal antibody. J. Biol. Chem. 265:7069-7077.
87. II150: similarity to yeast gene TSM-1 and specific binding to core promoter DNA. Science 264:933-941.
88. IIS. Nature 383:185-188.
89. Wang, G., G. T. Cantin, J. L. Stevens, and A. J. Berk. 2001. Characterization of Mediator complexes from HeLa cell nuclear extract. Mol. Cell. Biol. 21:4604-4613.
90. Werten, S., G. Stelzer, A. Goppelt, F. M. Langen, P. Gros, H. T. M. Timmers, P. C. V. der Vliet, and M. Meisterernst. 1998. Interaction of PC4 with melted DNA inhibits transcription, EMBO J. 17:5103-5111.
91. Woychik, N. A., and M. Hampsey. 2002. The RNA polymerase II machinery: structure illuminates function. Cell 108:453-463.
92. Wu, S.-Y., and C.-M. Chiang. 1996. Establishment of stable cell lines expressing potentially toxic proteins by tetracycline-regulated and epitope-tagging methods. BioTechniques 21:718-725.
93. Wu, S.-Y., and C.-M. Chiang. 1998. Properties of PC4 and an RNA polymerase II complex in directing activated and basal transcription in vitro. J. Biol. Chem. 273:12492-12498.
94. Wu, S.-Y., and C.-M. Chiang. 2001. TATA-binding protein-associated factors enhance the recruitment of RNA polymerase II by transcriptional activators. J. Biol. Chem. 276:34235-34243.
95. Wu, S.-Y., and C.-M. Chiang. 2001. Expression and purification of epitope-tagged multisubunit protein complexes from mammalian cells, p. 16.22.1-16.22.17. In F. M. Ausubel, R. Brent, R. E. Kingston, D. D. Moore, J. G. Seidman, J. A. Smith, and K. Struhl (ed.), Current protocols in molecular biology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, N.J.
96. II-independent activation mediated by human TBP in the presence of the positive cofactor PC4. EMBO J. 17:4478-4490.
97. Wu, S.-Y., M. C. Thomas, S. Y. Hou, V. Likhite, and C.-M. Chiang. 1999. Isolation of mouse TFIID and functional characterization of TBP and TFIID in mediating estrogen receptor and chromatin transcription. J. Biol. Chem. 274:23480-23490.
98. II mutations disrupt Dorsal activation in the Drosophila embryo. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:13483-13488.
99. II55 gene contains a functional initiator and a downstream promoter element. J. Biol. Chem. 276:25503-25511.
100. II55 core promoter activity. Nucleic Acids Res. 30:4145-4157.