Regulation of thyroid cell proliferation by tsh and other factors: A critical evaluation of in vitro models

Endocrine Reviews

Volumn 22, Issue 5, 2001, Pages 631-656

  Kimura, Takao ^a   Van Keymeulen, Alexandra ^a   Golstein, Jacqueline ^a   Fusco, Alfredo ^b   Dumont, Jacques E ^a   Roger, Pierre P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ LIBRE DE BRUXELLES   (Belgium)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CYCLIC AMP; GROWTH FACTOR; INSULIN; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; RAS PROTEIN; SOMATOMEDIN C; THYROTROPIN;

CELL CULTURE; CELL CYCLE; CELL CYCLE G1 PHASE; CELL PROLIFERATION; DNA SYNTHESIS; IMMEDIATE EARLY GENE; MITOGENESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REGULATORY MECHANISM; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; THYROID CELL; VALIDATION PROCESS;

EID: 0034793849     PISSN: 0163769X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1210/edrv.22.5.0444     Document Type: Review

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153. Dual activation by thyrotropin of the phospholipase C and cyclic AMP cascades in human thyroid
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155. Lack of correlation between the activation of the Ca(2+)-phosphatidylinositol cascade and the regulation of DNA synthesis in the dog thyrocyte
156. Thyrotropin does not activate the phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate hydrolyzing phospholipase C in the dog thyroid
157. Norepinephrine and thyroid-stimulating hormone induce inositol phosphate accumulation in FRTL-5 cells
158. Thyroid-stimulating hormone stimulates increases in inositol phosphates as well as cyclic AMP in the FRTL-5 rat thyroid cell line
159. Thyroid-stimulating hormone rapidly stimulates inositol polyphosphate formation in FRTL-5 thyrocytes without activating phosphoinositidase C
160. Norepinephrine and thyrotropin stimulation of [Ca++]i in PC C13 a rat thyroid epithelial cell line: Effect of transformation by E1A gene adenovirus and polyomavirus middle-T antigen gene
161. 2+ pathway
162. Regulation of prostaglandin synthesis by thyrotropin, insulin or insulin-like growth factor-I, and serum in FRTL-5 rat thyroid cells
163. Signaling pathways involved in thyroid hyperfunction and growth in Graves' disease
164. Cholinergic and α-adrenergic stimulation of prostaglandin release by dog thyroid in vitro
165. Cyclooxygenase-dependent thyroid cell proliferation induced by immunoglobulins from patients with Graves' disease
166. Lack of prostaglandin involvement in the mitogenic effect of TSH on canine thyroid cells in primary culture
167. Activation of cyclic AMP-dependent kinase is required but may not be sufficient to mimic cyclic AMP-dependent DNA synthesis and thyroglobulin expression in dog thyroid cells
168. Inhibition of thyrotropin-stimulated DNA synthesis by microinjection of inhibitors of cellular Ras and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase
169. 3′,5′-Cyclic adenosine monophosphate-regulated enhancer binding (CREB) activity is required for normal growth and differentiated phenotype in the FRTL5 thyroid follicular cell line
170. Requirement for cAMP-response element (CRE) binding protein/CRE modulator transcription factors in thyrotropin-induced proliferation of dog thyroid cells in primary culture
171. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, protein kinase B and ribosomal S6 kinases in the stimulation of thyroid epithelial cell proliferation by cAMP and growth factors in the presence of insulin
172. Cyclic AMP activates Ras
173. Protein kinase A-dependent and -independent signaling pathways contribute to cyclic AMP-stimulated proliferation
174. Coordinated regulation of Rap1 and thyroid differentiation by cyclic AMP and protein kinase A
175. Activation of the small G protein Rap1 in dog thyroid cells by both cAMP-dependent and -independent pathways
176. High frequency of ras oncogene activation in all stages of human thyroid tumorigenesis
177. RAS oncogene activation induces proliferation in normal human thyroid epithelial cells without loss of differentiation
178. Evidence for a telomere-independent "clock" limiting RAS oncogene-driven proliferation of human thyroid epithelial cells
179. Block in the expression of differentiation markers of rat thyroid epithelial cells by transformation with Kirsten murine sarcoma virus
180. Reversible inhibition of a thyroid-specific trans-acting factor by Ras
181. Ras inhibits thyroglobulin expression but not cyclic adenosine monophosphate-mediated signaling in Wistar rat thyrocytes
182. Differential effects of protein kinase A on Ras effector pathways
183. Ras signaling through PI3K confers hormone-independent proliferation that is compatible with differentiation
184. RalGDS functions in Ras- and cAMP-mediated growth stimulation
185. Thyrotropin-induced mitogenesis is Ras dependent but appears to bypass the Raf-dependent cytoplasmic kinase cascade
186. Concomitant activation of MEK-1 and Rac-1 increases the proliferative potential of thyroid epithelial cells, without affecting their differentiation
187. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase is necessary but not sufficient for proliferation of human thyroid epithelial cells induced by mutant Ras
188. TSH and cAMP do not signal mitogenesis through Ras activation
189. Phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases is involved in the epidermal growth factor and phorbol ester, but not in the thyrotropin/cAMP, thyroid mitogenic pathway
190. cAMP signaling selectively influences Ras effector pathways
191. The thyrotropin receptor is not involved in the activation of p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinases by thyrotropin preparations in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing the human thyrotropin receptor
192. Stimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase by thyrotropin in primary cultured human thyroid follicles
193. Making decisions through Myc
194. Function of the c-Myc oncogenic transcription factor
195. TSH and cAMP enhance expression of the myc proto-oncogene in cultured thyroid cells
196. Enhancement of cmyc mRNA concentration in dog thyrocytes initiating DNA synthesis in response to thyrotropin, forskolin, epidermal growth factor and phorbol myristate ester
197. c-Myc expression is controlled by the mitogenic cAMP-cascade in thyrocytes
198. Expression of the myc cellular proto-oncogene in human thyroid tissue
199. Regulation of protooncogenes c-fos and c-myc expressions by protein tyrosine kinase, protein kinase C, and cyclic AMP mitogenic pathways in dog primary thyrocytes: A positive and negative control by cyclic AMP on c-myc expression
200. Immediate early gene expression in dog thyrocytes in response to growth, proliferation and differentiation stimuli
201. Ras enhances Myc protein stability
202. Induction of the c-fos oncogene by thyrotropic hormone in rat thyroid cells in culture
203. Divergent patterns of immediate early gene expression in response to thyroid-stimulating hormone and insulin-like growth factor I in Wistar rat thyrocytes
204. The protein kinase A pathway inhibits c-jun and c-fos protooncogene expression induced by the protein kinase C and tyrosine kinase pathways in cultured human thyroid follicles
205. Studies on the role of c-fos in TSH-stimulated thyroid cell proliferation
206. Differential regulation of protooncogenes c-jun and jun D expressions by protein tyrosine kinase, protein kinase C, and cyclic-AMP mitogenic pathways in dog primary thyrocytes: TSH and cyclic-AMP induce proliferation but downregulate C-jun expression
207. The regulation of AP-1 activity by mitogen-activated protein kinases
208. TSH is able to induce cell cycle-related gene expression in rat thyroid cell
209. Differential induction of los and jun family genes by thyrotropin in rat thyroid FRTL-5 cells
210. Jun B expression is regulated differently by three mitogenic pathways in thyrocytes
211. JunB differs from c-Jun in its DNA-binding and dimerization domains, and represses c-Jun by formation of inactive heterodimers
212. Cell cycle-dependent variations in c-Jun and JunB phosphorylation: A role in the control of cyclin D1 expression
213. Transforming growth factor-α enhances cyclin D1 transcription through the binding of early growth response protein to a cis-regulatory element in the cyclin D1 promoter
214. Stimulation of protein kinase C or protein kinase A mediated signal transduction ways shows three modes of response among serum inducible pathgenes
215. D-type cyclins
216. The retinoblastoma protein and cell cycle control
217. The retinoblastoma protein pathway and the restriction point
218. CDK inhibitors: Positive and negative regulators of G1-phase progression
219. 1 checkpoint
220. Phosphorylation of the three Rb protein family members is a common step of the cAMP-, the growth factor, and the phorbol ester-mitogenic cascades but is not necessary for the hypertrophy induced by insulin
221. Expression and subcellular localization of CDK2 and cdc2 kinases and their common partner cyclin A in thyroid epithelial cells: Comparison of cyclic AMP-dependent and -independent cell cycles
222. Cyclin D3 accumulation and activity integrate and rank the comitogenic pathways of thyrotropin and insulin in thyrocytes in primary culture
223. A requirement for cyclin D3-cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk)-4 assembly in the cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent proliferation of thyrocytes
224. Differential patterns of cell cycle regulatory proteins expression in transgenic models of thyroid tumours
225. Paradoxical accumulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 kip1 during the cAMP-dependent mitogenic stimulation of thyroid epithelial cells
226. Transforming growth factor β(1) selectively inhibits the cyclic AMP-dependent proliferation of primary thyroid epithelial cells by preventing the association of cyclin D3-cdk4 with nuclear p27(kip1)
227. TGF-β1 actions on FRTL-5 cells provide a model for the physiological regulation of thyroid growth
228. 1 to S phase in growth-stimulated rat FRTL-5 cells
229. Newly synthesized Rho A, not Ras, is isoprenylated and translocated to membranes coincident with progression of the G1 to S phase of growth-stimulated rat FRTL-5 cells
230. Cell population kinetics in dog and human adult thyroid
231. Control of growth in the rat thyroid - An example of specific desensitization to trophic hormone stimulation
232. The effects of transforming growth factor-β on growth and differentiation of the continuous rat thyroid follicular cell line, FRTL-5
233. Enhanced expression of transforming growth factor-β 1 during thyroid hyperplasia in rats
234. Selenium deficiency and thyroid fibrosis. A key role for macrophages and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)
235. Evidence supporting the identity in Graves' disease of thyroid-stimulating antibody and thyroid growth-promoting immunoglobulin G as assayed in FRTL5 cells
236. Unlike thyrotropin, thyroid-stimulating antibodies do not activate phospholipase C in human thyroid slices
237. Normal and stimulated growth of different human thyroid tissues in nude mice
238. Familial congenital hypothyroidism due to inactivating mutation of the thyrotropin receptor causing profound hypoplasia of the thyroid gland
239. Mutations of the human thyrotropin receptor gene causing thyroid hypoplasia and persistent congenital hypothyroidism
240. Somatic mutations in the thyrotropin receptor gene cause hyperfunctioning thyroid adenomas
241. Germline mutations in the thyrotropin receptor gene cause non-autoimune autosomal dominant hyperthyroidism
242. Two G protein oncogenes in human endocrine tumors
243. Activating point mutations of the gsp oncogene in human thyroid adenomas
244. gsp Mutations in human thyroid turnours
245. Activating mutations of the stimulatory G protein in the McCune-Albright syndrome
246. Thyroid volume and serum thyroglobulin levels in patients with acromegaly: Correlation with plasma insulin-like growth factor I levels
247. The thyroid gland in acromegaly: An ultrasonographic study
248. Growth hormone does not increase thyroid size in the absence of thyrotropin: A study in adults with hypopituitarism
249. Anomalously low endemic goiter prevalence among Efe pygmies
250. Germline mutations of the PTEN gene in Cowden disease, an inherited breast and thyroid cancer syndrome
251. Somatic deletions and mutations in the Cowden disease gene, PTEN, in sporadic thyroid tumors
252. Identification of a point mutation in the thyrotropin receptor of the hyt/hyt hypothyroid mouse
253. Thyroid expression of an A2 adenosine receptor transgene induces thyroid hyperplasia and hyperthyroidism
254. Oncogenic potential of guanine nucleotide stimulatory factor α subunit in thyroid glands of transgenic mice
255. Thyroid-specific expression of cholera toxin A1 subunit causes thyroid hyperplasia and hyperthyroidism in transgenic mice
256. Costimulation of adenylyl cyclase and phospholipase C by a mutant α 1B-adrenergic receptor transgene promotes malignant transformation of thyroid follicular cells
257. The effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on the pituitary-thyroid axis in goitrogen-treated rats
258. Decreased thyroidal response to thyrotropin in diabetic mice
259. The effect of diabetes mellitus on endocrine and reproductive function
260. Site of production of IGF1 in the normal and stimulated mouse thyroid
261. Epidermal growth factor inhibits radioiodine uptake but stimulates deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in newborn rat thyroids grown in nude mice
262. Stimulation of proliferation and inhibition of function of xenotransplanted human thyroid tissue by epidermal growth factor
263. Effect of in vivo administration of recombinant acidic fibroblast growth factor on thyroid function in the rat: Induction of colloid goiter
264. Thyroxine increases epidermal growth factor levels in the mouse thyroid in vivo
265. Thyrotropin may not be the dominant growth factor in benign and malignant thyroid tumors
266. Fibroblast growth factors 1 and 2 and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 are elevated in thyroid hyperplasia
267. RET/PTC activation in human thyroid carcinomas
268. Rearrangements of TRK proto-oncogene in papillary thyroid carcinomas
269. Expression of the hepatocyte growth factor and c-met in normal thyroid, non-neoplastic, and neoplastic nodules
270. Co-expression of the genes encoding transforming growth factor-α and its receptor in papillary carcinomas of the thyroid
271. Targeted expression of the ret/PTC1 oncogene induces papillary thyroid carcinomas
272. The RET/PTC3 oncogene: Metastatic solid-type papillary, carcinomas in murine thyroids
273. A dominant negative CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) isoform inhibits thyrocyte growth, thyroid-specific gene expression, differentiation, and function
274. The tissue-specific pathways regulating cell proliferation are inherited independently in somatic hybrid between thyroid and liver cells
275. Differentiation expression during proliferative activity induced through different pathways: In situ hybridization study of thyroglobulin gene expression in thyroid epithelial cells
276. Thyroperoxidase mRNA in quiescent and proliferating thyroid epithelial cells: Expression and subcellular localization studied by in situ hybridization
277. Antagonistic effects of thyrotropin and epidermal growth factor on thyroglobulin mRNA level in cultured thyroid cells
278. Multiple ras downstream pathways mediate functional repression of the homeobox gene product TTF-1
279. Molecular events involved in differentiation of thyroid follicular cells
280. New signaling pathways for hormones and cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate action in endocrine cells
281. Cyclin D1 and cyclin E expression in malignant thyroid cells and in human thyroid carcinomas
282. The role of cell cycle regulatory proteins, cyclin D1, cyclin E, and p27 in thyroid carcinogenesis
283. Overexpressed cyclin D3 contributes to retaining the growth inhibitor p27 in the cytoplasm of thyroid tumor cells