Mutational patterns in the HIV genome and cross-resistance following nucleoside and nucleotide analogue drug exposure

Antiviral Therapy

Volumn 6, Issue SUPPL. 3, 2001, Pages 25-44

  Miller, V ^a   Larder, B A ^a  

^a GOETHE UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABACAVIR; DIDANOSINE; LAMIVUDINE; NUCLEOSIDE DERIVATIVE; NUCLEOTIDE DERIVATIVE; PYROPHOSPHATE; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR; STAVUDINE; TENOFOVIR; TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL; THYMIDINE DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ZALCITABINE; ZIDOVUDINE;

CONFERENCE PAPER; CROSS RESISTANCE; DRUG CLASSIFICATION; DRUG DISCRIMINATION; DRUG EXPOSURE; DRUG SENSITIVITY; ENZYME CHEMISTRY; GENOTYPE; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; IN VITRO STUDY; NONHUMAN; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; VIRUS MUTATION; VIRUS REPLICATION;

ANTI-HIV AGENTS; DRUG RESISTANCE, MULTIPLE, VIRAL; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; HIV INFECTIONS; HIV-1; HIV-1 REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE; HUMANS; MUTATION; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS;

EID: 0034785429     PISSN: 13596535     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (147)

1. Comprehensive mutant enzyme and viral variant assessment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase resistance to nonnucleoside inhibitors
2. Nevirapine resistance mutations of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 selected during therapy
3. Delavirdine susceptibilities and associated reverse transcriptase mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from patients in a phase I/II trial of delavirdine monotherapy (ACTG 260)
4. L-743, 726 (DMP-266): A novel, highly potent nonnucleoside inhibitor of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase
5. 3′-Azido-3′-deoxythymidine resistance suppressed by a mutation conferring human immunodeficiency virus type 1 resistance to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
6. HIV-1 drug susceptibilities during therapy with delavirdine (DLV)+ZDV, DLV+ddI, or DLV+ZDV+ddI
7. Drug resistance is associated with impaired protease and reverse transcriptase function and reduced replication capacity: Characterization of recombinant viruses from 200 HIV-1-infected patients
8. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 expressing the lamivudine- associated M184V mutation in reverse transcriptase shows increased susceptibility to adefovir and decreased replication capability in vitro
9. Attenuated replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with a didanosine-selected reverse transcriptase mutation
10. Detailed phenotypic and genotypic analysis of biologically cloned HIV-1 isolates dually resistant to zidovudine and lamivudine
11. Comparison of evolutionary distances between DNA polymerase and RNase H domains of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in patients treated with zidovudine and lamivudine
12. Molecular mechanisms of HIV-1 resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)
13. Mechanism of resistance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 to 2′,3′-dideoxyinosine
14. Role of glutamine 151 of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 reverse transcriptase in substrate selection as assessed by site-directed mutagenesis
15. Mutational analysis of Lys65 of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase
16. The role of steric hindrance in 3TC resistance of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 reverse transcriptase
17. Structural basis for the resilience of efavirenz (DMP-266) to drug resistance mutations in HIV-1 reverse
18. HIV-1 isolates that exhibit dose-dependent NNRTI stimulation of reverse transcriptase activity and viral replication
19. HIV protease multidrug resistance is associated with the loss of key contacts between the protease and the inhibitor
20. Specific versus nonspecific drug binding effects of resistance mutations for HIV protease
21. Lamivudine (3TC) resistance in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase involves steric hindrance with beta-branched amino acids
22. Emergence of zidovudine and multidrug-resistance mutations in the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase gene in therapy-naive patients receiving stavudine plus didanosine combination therapy
23. Stavudine-based combination and monotherapy selects for zidovudine resistance HIV-1 mutations in zidovudine-naive adults and in paediatric patients
24. Development of zidovudine resistance mutations in patients receiving prolonged didanosine monotherapy
25. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase genotype and drug susceptibility changes in infected individuals receiving dideoxyinosine monotherapy for 1 to 2 years
26. Effect of stage of disease and drug dose on zidovudine susceptibilities of isolates of human immunodeficiency virus
27. Biochemical studies on the reverse transcriptase and RNase H activities from human immunodeficiency virus strains resistant to 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine
28. Enhanced binding of azidothymidine-resistant human immunodeficiency virus 1 reverse transcriptase to the 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine 5′-monophosphate-terminated primer
29. Phenotypic mechanism of HIV-1 resistance to 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine (AZT): Increased polymerization processivity and enhanced sensitivity to pyrophosphate of the mutant viral reverse transcriptase
30. Unblocking of chain terminated primer by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase through a nucleotide-dependent mechanism
31. A mechanism of AZT resistance: An increase in nucleotide-dependent primer unblocking by mutant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase
32. Effects of M41L and T215Y mutations in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase on removal of chain terminators from blocked primer/templates
33. Effects of foscarnet resistance mutations in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase: Suppression of zidovudine resistance through reduced removal of zidovudine-MP from blocked primer/templates
34. 3′-Azido-3′-deoxythymidine (AZT) mediates cross-resistance to nucleoside analogs in the case of AZT-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants
35. Nucleotide-induced stable complex formation by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase
36. Removal of chain terminators from blocked primers by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase: Implications for drug resistance
37. HIV with reduced sensitivity to zidovudine (AZT) isolated during prolonged therapy
38. Multiple mutations in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase confer high-level resistance to zidovudine (AZT)
39. Fifth mutation in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase contributes to the development of high-level resistance to zidovudine
40. An in vivo mutation from leucine to tryptophan at position 210 in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase contributes to high-level resistance to 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine
41. Ordered appearance of zidovudine resistance mutations during treatment of 18 human immunodeficiency viruspositive subjects
42. Significance of amino acid variation at human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase residue 210 for zidovudine susceptibility
43. Mutation L210W of HIV-1 Reverse transcriptase in patients receiving combination therapy, incidence, association with other mutations, and effects on the structure of mutated reverse transcriptase
44. Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of experienced patients (zidovudine, zidovudine/didanosine, zidovudine/zalcitabine) treated with stavudine/lamivudine combination (ALTIS 2 trial)
45. Mutations conferring resistance to zidovudine diminish the antiviral effect of stavudine plus didanosine
46. HIV drug resistance in the Texas Department of Criminal Justice
47. Biochemical evidence of cross-resistance to stavudine triphosphate in purified HIV-1 reverse transcriptase derived from a zidovudine-resistant isolate
48. Biochemical mechanism of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase resistance to stavudine
49. Selection of zidovudine resistance mutations conferring low-level resistance to stavudine occurs at low frequency in stavudine-treated patients and in vitro during prolonged selection experiments
50. Zidovudine resistance associated mutations can be selected in patients after long-term exposure to stavudine
51. Mutations in the reverse transcriptase genome of HIV-1 isolates derived from subjects treated with didanosine and stavudine in combination
52. Occurrence of thymidine-associated mutations in naive patients treated more than 6 months by stavudine/lamivudine bi-therapy combination and tri-therapies including stavudine/didanosine or stavudine/lamivudine
53. Zidovudine genotypic and phenotypic resistance arising in patients never exposed to zidovudine
54. Patients failing on stavudine-based therapies that have developed thymidine analogue mutations; multidrug resistance or V75T mutations have reduced phenotypic susceptibility to stavudine
55. Human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons with mutations conferring resistance to zidovudine show reduced virologic responses to hydroxvurea and stavudine-lamivudine
56. Resistance and viral response to stavudine/lamivudine combination in zidovudine, didanosine and zalcitabine experienced patients in the ALTIS 2 ANRS trial
57. Presence of thymidine analogs mutations and virologic response to non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
58. Mechanism of virological failure after substitution of a protease inhibitor by nevirapine in patients with controlled HIV-1 RNA
59. Continued evolution of HIV-1 during combination therapy despite levels of HIV-1 RNA <500 copies/ml
60. Zidovudine resistance and HIV-1 disease progression during antiretroviral therapy
61. HIV-1 viral load, phenotype, and resistance in a subset of drug-naive participants from the Delta trial
62. Prevalence and clinical significance of zidovudine resistance mutations in human immunodeficiency virus isolated from patients after long-term zidovudine treatment
63. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viremia changes and development of drug-related murations in patients with symptomatic HIV-1 infection receiving alternating or simultaneous zidovudine and didanosine therapy
64. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 drug susceptibility during zidovudine (AZT) monotherapy compared with AZT plus 2′,3′-dideoxvinosine or AZT plus 2′,3′-dideoxycytidine combination therapy
65. Differential phosphorylation of azidothymidine, dideoxycytidine, and dideoxyinosine in resting and activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells
66. Dideoxynucleoside resistance emerges with prolonged zidovudine monotherapy
67. Viral load response to the addition of lamivudine correlates with phenotypic susceptibility to lamivudine and the presence of T215Y/F in the absence of M184V
68. Combination of mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase required for resistance to the carbocyclic nucleoside 1592U89
69. Determination of a clinically relevant phenotypic resistance "cutoff" for abacavir using the PhenoSense assay
70. Prior treatment with mono or dual NRTIs before HAART as predictor of virological failure in simplified abacavir-based triple NRTI regimens: Results from the Simplified Maintenance Trial (SMT) and CNA30017
71. Antiviral activity of tenofovir (PMPA) against nucleoside-resistant HIV samples
72. Anti-HIV responses and development of RT mutations in antiretroviral-experienced patients adding tenofovir DF therapy: 48 Week genotypic analyses of study 902
73. Tenofovir (PMPA) is less susceptible to pyrophosphorolysis and nucleotide-dependent chain-terminator removal than zidovudine (AZT) or stavudine (d4T)
74. A novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase mutational pattern confers phenotypic lamivudine resistance in the absence of mutation 184V
75. Development of E44D/V118I RT mutations in patients treated with lamivudine
76. Epidemiology and conditions of selection of 44D/A and/or 118I reverse transcriptase mutations in 344 patients
77. Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of HIV-1 from patients receiving (-)-2′,3′dideoxy-3′-thiacytidine
78. Development of HIV-1 resistance to (-)2′-deoxy-3′-thiacytidine in patients with AIDS or AIDs-related complex
79. HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) genotype and susceptibility to RT inhibitors during abacavir monotherapy and combination therapy
80. Novel mutation in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase gene that encodes cross-resistance to 2′,3′-dideoxyinosine and 2′,3′-dideoxycytidine
81. Drug resistance and virologic response in NUCA 3001, a randomized trial of lamivudine (3TC) versus zidovudine (ZDV) versus ZDV plus 3TC in previously untreated patients
82. Rapid changes in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA load and appearance of drug-resistant populations in persons treated with lamivudine (3TC)
83. Mechanisms of virologic failure in previously untreated HIV-infected patients from a trial of induction-maintenance therapy
84. Viral rebound during 48 weeks of abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine combination therapy in antiretroviral-naive subjects is infrequent with emergent virus showing a limited number of NRTI resistance mutations
85. Drug susceptibility in HIV infection after viral rebound in patients receiving indinavir-containing regimens
86. Comparison of antiviral response with abacavir/combivir to indinavir/combivir in therapy-naive adults at 48 weeks (CNA3005)
87. Treatment intensification with ziagen in HIV infected patients with previous 3TC/ZDV antiretroviral treatment-CNAB3009
88. The M184V mutation in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) conferring 3TC resistance does not result in broad cross resistance to nucleoside analogue RT inhibitors (NRTI)
89. Pressure to maintain the M184V mutation in tissue culture can more efficiently be exerted bv lamivudine and abacavir than by didanosine
90. The M184V mutation in the reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 impairs rescue of chain-terminated DNA synthesis
91. Analysis of mutations at position 184 in reverse transcriptase of human immunodeficiency virus type 1
92. Reduced replication of 3TC-resistant HIV-1 variants in primary cells due to a processivity defect of the reverse transcriptase enzyme
93. Decreased processivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (RT) containing didanosine-selected mutation Leu74Val: A comparative analysis of RT variants Leu74Val and lamivudine-selected Met184Val
94. Zidovudine/lamivudine co-resistance is preceded by a transient period of zidovudine hypersensitivity
95. HIV-1 expressing the lamivudine-associated M184V mutation in reverse transcriptase (RT) shows increased susceptibility to adefovir and PMPA as well as decreased replication capacity in vitro
96. Anti-HIV activity profile of tenofovir (PMPA) against a panel of nucleoside-resistant clinical samples
97. High-level resistance to (-) enantiomeric 2′-deoxy-3′-thiacytidine in vitro is due to one amino acid substitution in the catalytic site of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase
98. Potential mechanism for sustained antiretroviral efficacy of AZT-3TC combination therapy
99. Rapid in vitro selection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 resistant to 3′-thiacytidine inhibitors due to a mutation in the YMDD region of reverse transcriptase
100. Lamivudine-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants (184V) require multiple amino acid changes to become co-resistant to zidovudine in vivo
101. Safety and efficacy of lamivudine-zidovudine combination therapy in antiretroviral-naive patients. A randomized controlled comparison with zidovudine monotherapy
102. Treatment with lamivudine, zidovudine, or both in HIV-positive patients with 200 to 500 CD4+ cells per cubic millimeter
103. Enhanced fidelity of 3TC-selected mutant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase
104. Mechanistic studies examining the efficiency and fidelity of DNA synthesis by the 3TC-resistant mutant (184V) of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase
105. Lamivudine resistance of HIV type 1 does not delay development of resistance to nonnucleoside HIV type 1-specific reverse transcriptase inhibitors as compared with wild-type HIV type 1
106. Increased polymerase fidelity of lamivudine-resistant HIV-1 variants does not limit their evolutionary potential
107. 3′-Azido-3′-deoxythymidine (AZT) and AZT-resistant reverse transcriptase can increase the in vivo mutation rate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1
108. Didanosine resistance in HIV-infected patients switched from zidovudine to didanosine monotherapy
109. Combination therapy with zidovudine and didanosine selects for drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strains with unique patterns of pol gene mutations
110. Resistance to ddI and sensitivity to AZT induced by a mutation in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase
111. Determination of human immunodeficiency virus RNA in plasma and cellular viral DNA genotypic zidovudine resistance and viral load during zidovudine-didanosine combination therapy
112. Resistance profile of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor abacavir (1592U89) after monotherapy and combination therapy
113. Differential influence of nucleoside analog-resistance mutations K65R and L74V on the overall mutation rate and error specificity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase
114. In vitro selection and characterization of HIV-1 variants with reduced susceptibility to PMPA
115. Resistance to 2′,3′-dideoxycytidine conferred by a mutation in codon 65 of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase
116. Identification of a mutation at codon 65 in the IKKK motif of reverse transcriptase that encodes human immunodeficiency virus resistance to 2′,3′-dideoxycytidine and 2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-thiacytidine
117. The K65R mutation confers increased DNA polymerase processivity to HIV-1 reverse transcriptase
118. Structure of a covalently trapped catalytic complex of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase: Implications for drug resistance
119. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 pol gene mutations which cause decreased susceptibility to 2′,3′-dideoxycytidine
120. Mutations in the pol gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in infected patients receiving didanosine and hydroxyurea combination therapy
121. Novel mutation (V75T) in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase confers resistance to 2′,3′-didehydro-2′,3′-dideoxythymidine in cell culture
122. The utility of HIV-1 pol gene sequencing in virological management of drug naive and experienced patients
123. Env and pol polymorphisms in US blood donors with recently acquired HIV-1 infections
124. Two distinct mutational pathways in HIV-1 RT confer zidovudine/lamivudine dual resistance
125. A novel polymorphism at codon 333 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase can facilitate dual resistance to zidovudine and L-2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-thiacytidine
126. Prevalence of the codon 333 mutation in pre-treated patients experiencing virological failure
127. Multidrug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strains resulting from combination antiretroviral therapy
128. Emergence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants with resistance to multiple dideoxynucleosides in patients receiving therapy with dideoxynucleosides
129. Insertion of two amino acids combined with changes in reverse transcriptase containing tyrosine-215 of HIV-1 resistant to multiple nucleoside analogs
130. A family of insertion mutations between codons 67 and 70 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase confer multinucleoside analog resistance
131. Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of stavudine-resistant isolates of HIV-1
132. A 6-base-pair insert in the reverse transcriptase gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 confers resistance to multiple nucleoside inhibitors
133. Phenotypic NRTI resistance profiles in different rearrangement patterns of the HIV-1 RT
134. A unique molecular mechanism of resistance to multiple dideoxynucleosides provided by MDR mutations and insertions/deletions in the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase gene
135. High-level resistance to 3′-azido-3′-deoxythimidine due to a deletion in the reverse transcriptase gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1
136. Case report of a novel amino acid deletion in codon 67 and T69G substitution in the reverse transcriptase of HIV-1
137. Persisting long-term benefit of genotype-guided treatment for HIV-infected patients failing HAART. The Viradapt study: Week 48 follow-up
138. Final results of CPCRA 046: A pilot study of antiretroviral management based on plasma genotypic antiretroviral resistance testing (GART) in patients failing antiretroviral therapy
139. Utility of HIV genotyping and clinical expert advice - The Havanna Trial
140. Quantitative prediction of HIV-1 phenotypic drug resistance from genotypes: The virtual phenotype (VirtualPhenotype)
141. VirtualPhenotype is concordant with actual phenotype: A retrospective analysis of data from Vira3001
142. Reduced antiretroviral drug susceptibility among patients with primary HIV infection
143. The spectrum and frequency of reduced antiretroviral drug susceptibility with primary HIV infection in North America
144. An epidemiological prospective survey assessing the prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance in 230 HIV-1-positive antiretroviral-naive patients from the USA
145. High frequency of antiretroviral drug resistance in HIV-1 from recently infected therapy-naive individuals
146. Establishment of biologically relevant cut-offs for HIV drug resistance testing
147. Identification of a set of 'nucleoside associated mutations' (NAMS) that are the common cause of nucleoside cross-resistance